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Industrial RevolutionIn England
Long Range Causes Agricultural Revolution Population Increase Strong stable governments
Immediate Causes New Inventions Large pool of workers
New Sources of Energy: Coal & Steam
Access to raw materials & investment capital
Existence of Markets Laissez-faire economy
Agricultural Revolution Enclosure movement
Jethro Tull Seed Drill
Charles Turnip Townshend
Crop rotation
Inventions
Spinning Jenny
James Hargreaves
Flying Shuttle
John Kay Moved more quickly across loom
Wider fabric more quickly
Power Loom
Edmund Cartwright
Ran on horse, water, steam
Cotton Gin Eli Whitney Cleaned cotton faster Increase demand raw cotton
Steam Engine James Watt Power factories Run continuously away from water
Coal Mining
Railroad Richard
Trevithick Locomotive
that ran on rails
National and global trade network
Internal-combustion Engine
Gottlieb Daimler
Gas powered boats & other vehicles
New forms of transportation—car & airplane
Telephone
Alexander Graham Bell Electrical wires transmit voices over long distances
Instant communication
Lightbulb Thomas
Edison Electric light Bright,
inexpensive, safe lighting
Immediate Effects Rise of Factories New Methods of
Production Changes in
Transportation & Communication
Urbanization: Rapid growth of cities
Rise of Urban Working Class Use of child labor
Long Range Effects Growth of Labor
Unions Increased Pollution
Inexpensive new products
Rise of Big Business Expansion of Middle
Class Competition for
World Trade
Growth of Democracy Rise of Socialism
Realism in Literature & Art
•Charles Dickens•Victor Hugo•Leo Tolstoy