Innovation Survey on Chinese Industrial Enterprises Department of Social, Sciences and Technology...

Innovation Survey on Innovation Survey on Chinese Industrial Chinese Industrial

EnterprisesEnterprises

Department of Social, Sciences and Technology StatisticsDepartment of Social, Sciences and Technology Statistics

National Bureau of Statistics of China (NBS)National Bureau of Statistics of China (NBS)

December 2010, NepalDecember 2010, Nepal

The presentation outline:The presentation outline: The background and motivation for carrying out The background and motivation for carrying out

the first innovation survey in China the first innovation survey in China The The Structure of the Chinese questionnaireStructure of the Chinese questionnaire The similarities and The similarities and differencesdifferences between Chinese between Chinese

questionnaire and CIS questionnairequestionnaire and CIS questionnaire The Survey MethodologyThe Survey Methodology The preliminary results from the first innovation The preliminary results from the first innovation

of China of China The concluding remarks and future plan for the The concluding remarks and future plan for the

development of innovation survey development of innovation survey

1. Needs from the perspective of policy-making 1. Needs from the perspective of policy-making

2. Needs for achieving international comparability 2. Needs for achieving international comparability

through exchange and mutual learning. through exchange and mutual learning.

3. Needs for further developing the statistical 3. Needs for further developing the statistical

system of Chinasystem of China

Background Background & motivation& motivation

Needs from the perspective of Needs from the perspective of

policy-makingpolicy-making In the Chinese process of building a well-off society in aIn the Chinese process of building a well-off society in an all-roundn all-round way, the economic reform and openness will way, the economic reform and openness will remain as crucial development strategies. remain as crucial development strategies.

Beyond the introduction of advanced foreign technologBeyond the introduction of advanced foreign technology, indigenous innovation capacity building will be the foy, indigenous innovation capacity building will be the focus of future development strategies when promoting tcus of future development strategies when promoting the openness of the Chinese economy. he openness of the Chinese economy.

Needs from the perspective of Needs from the perspective of policy-makingpolicy-making

On the other hand, improving the enterprise’ On the other hand, improving the enterprise’ innovation ability is very important to innovation ability is very important to transforming the economic growth mode and transforming the economic growth mode and reducing the consumption of resource and reducing the consumption of resource and energy.energy.

In this background, the Chinese government In this background, the Chinese government declared the new development strategy in 2006, declared the new development strategy in 2006, namely to transfer China to an innovation-namely to transfer China to an innovation-oriented and strong indigenous innovation oriented and strong indigenous innovation capacity.capacity.

Needs from the perspective of Needs from the perspective of policy-makingpolicy-making

At the current stage, there are a large number of At the current stage, there are a large number of innovation policy instruments, which are being innovation policy instruments, which are being implemented by the Chinese government.implemented by the Chinese government.

To meet the information needs of such To meet the information needs of such macroeconomic management and to macroeconomic management and to reflect/measure the effects of these innovation reflect/measure the effects of these innovation policies, the S&T statistical agency in China have policies, the S&T statistical agency in China have an important task. an important task.

Needs for achieving international Needs for achieving international comparability through exchange comparability through exchange and mutual learningand mutual learning

In recent years, the innovation capacity and In recent years, the innovation capacity and activities of Chinese enterprises have received activities of Chinese enterprises have received considerably attention, from many foreign/ considerably attention, from many foreign/ European governmental agencies and European governmental agencies and researchers from universities and research researchers from universities and research institutes. Some proposals for research co-institutes. Some proposals for research co-operation with the NBS regarding innovation of operation with the NBS regarding innovation of enterprises in China have been developed.enterprises in China have been developed.

Needs for achieving Needs for achieving international comparability international comparability through exchange and mutual through exchange and mutual learninglearning

At the same time, China also considers At the same time, China also considers innovative countries in Europe a target to innovative countries in Europe a target to catch up. Therefore, it is necessary to carry catch up. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out international comparative studies to meet out international comparative studies to meet the need for benchmarking with more the need for benchmarking with more advanced innovative countries. advanced innovative countries.

Needs for further developing and Needs for further developing and completing the statistical system completing the statistical system of Chinaof China

In the last two decades, only R&D statistics was inIn the last two decades, only R&D statistics was included in the national indicator system. While mocluded in the national indicator system. While most of EU countries have carried out Community Innst of EU countries have carried out Community Innovation Survey (CIS) on a regular basis, China did ovation Survey (CIS) on a regular basis, China did not have regular innovation survey praxis. Human not have regular innovation survey praxis. Human resources involved in S&T indicator system has beresources involved in S&T indicator system has been also limited. en also limited.

Needs for further developing Needs for further developing and completing the statistical and completing the statistical system of Chinasystem of China

Due to these restraints, it leaves large room for improvDue to these restraints, it leaves large room for improvement, in terms of international comparability, in fieldement, in terms of international comparability, in fields of survey practices, personnel training, data quality, rs of survey practices, personnel training, data quality, research methodology and data collection.esearch methodology and data collection.Therefore, we would like to take this opportunity when Therefore, we would like to take this opportunity when S&T and innovation are becoming increasingly importS&T and innovation are becoming increasingly important issues, not only for the Chinese government but alsant issues, not only for the Chinese government but also for the international community, in the face of globalo for the international community, in the face of globalization, to develop the S&T statistics system, and to esization, to develop the S&T statistics system, and to establish the regular innovation survey system.tablish the regular innovation survey system.

Background Background & motivation& motivation

Based on the above perspectives, according to Based on the above perspectives, according to the standard /spirit of Oslo manual and CIS4, the standard /spirit of Oslo manual and CIS4, with the technical aids from Nordic experts, thwith the technical aids from Nordic experts, the first innovation survey of China in the scope e first innovation survey of China in the scope of industrial enterprise was conducted in 2007.of industrial enterprise was conducted in 2007.

The structure of the The structure of the questionnairequestionnaire

The survey aims to collect information for the The survey aims to collect information for the period 2004-2006, regarding the industrial period 2004-2006, regarding the industrial enterprises’ innovation in terms of expenditure, enterprises’ innovation in terms of expenditure, effects and influencing factors as well as the effects and influencing factors as well as the understanding (perception) of innovation of the understanding (perception) of innovation of the CEOs (at the managing /decision-making level). CEOs (at the managing /decision-making level).

The survey questionnaire is divided into two parts. The survey questionnaire is divided into two parts. The first part is Information on Industrial The first part is Information on Industrial Enterprises’ Innovation, the second part is the Enterprises’ Innovation, the second part is the Manager/CEO Survey.Manager/CEO Survey.


Part 1: Industrial Enterprises’ Part 1: Industrial Enterprises’ Innovation informationInnovation information

S1. General information about the enterpriseS1. General information about the enterpriseS2.S2. Product innovation Product innovation S3. Process innovation S3. Process innovation S4. Ongoing or abandoned innovation S4. Ongoing or abandoned innovation

activities and reasons for abandoning activities and reasons for abandoning innovation activities innovation activities


S5. Innovation activities and S5. Innovation activities and expenditureexpenditure

S6. S6. Output of InnovationOutput of Innovation

S7. Intellectual property rights S7. Intellectual property rights ProtectionProtection


Part 2:Manager/CEO Survey QuestionnairePart 2:Manager/CEO Survey Questionnaire

S1. S1. Information about the manager /CEOInformation about the manager /CEO S2. S2. Opinion on the importance of innovationOpinion on the importance of innovation S3. The effects of product and process innovationS3. The effects of product and process innovationS4. Source of information of innovationS4. Source of information of innovation

The structure of the The structure of the questionnaire questionnaire

S5. S5. Promoting factors for the success of Promoting factors for the success of innovationinnovation

S6. S6. Incentive for innovationIncentive for innovation

S7-S8. S7-S8. Effect of various government policies Effect of various government policies on innovation on innovation

S9.S9. Future innovation strategyFuture innovation strategy

The similarities and The similarities and differencesdifferences between Chi between Chinese nese questionnaire and CIS questionnaire and CIS

questionnairequestionnaire

The structure presented above shows The structure presented above shows considerable similarities between the Chinese considerable similarities between the Chinese survey questionnaire and the CIS questionnaire.survey questionnaire and the CIS questionnaire.

In briefly, to a large extent, the Chinese In briefly, to a large extent, the Chinese questionnaire covers the same topics and the questionnaire covers the same topics and the same questions as in the CIS questionnaire. same questions as in the CIS questionnaire.



On the other hand, there are also some On the other hand, there are also some differences, which can be summarised as follows :differences, which can be summarised as follows :

1. The questionnaire is divided into two parts. 1. The questionnaire is divided into two parts. tthe he first part is supposed to be completed jointly by first part is supposed to be completed jointly by units of S&T management, coordination and units of S&T management, coordination and accounting, organised by the responsible for accounting, organised by the responsible for innovation activities of the enterprise. The second innovation activities of the enterprise. The second part is expected to be completed by the part is expected to be completed by the manager/CEO who is in charge/responsible for manager/CEO who is in charge/responsible for decision making concerning innovation activities decision making concerning innovation activities of the enterprise. of the enterprise.



2. In the CEO questionnaire, there 2. In the CEO questionnaire, there are a number of China-specific are a number of China-specific questions, such as promoting factors, questions, such as promoting factors, incentive instruments, effects of incentive instruments, effects of various government policies and various government policies and enterprises’ future innovation enterprises’ future innovation strategy. They are of great policy strategy. They are of great policy interest. interest.



3.The key concepts and definitions are sl3.The key concepts and definitions are slightly different, such as product innovatiightly different, such as product innovation, process innovation and new product,on, process innovation and new product, etc. (due to the article space limitations, etc. (due to the article space limitations, the concrete differences no longer are pthe concrete differences no longer are pointed out in this report. If you are intereointed out in this report. If you are interested in these issues, please contact with sted in these issues, please contact with us)us)



In a word, there are some modifications in In a word, there are some modifications in the Chinese innovation survey the Chinese innovation survey questionnaire compared to the CIS questionnaire compared to the CIS questions, which are motivated by the questions, which are motivated by the need to maintain the international need to maintain the international comparability as well as the need to reflect comparability as well as the need to reflect the China-specific context. the China-specific context.

The survey methodologyThe survey methodology1.1. The time periodThe time period The innovation survey of China The innovation survey of China

covers the period 2004-2006, covers the period 2004-2006, whereas the CIS4 covers the whereas the CIS4 covers the observation period 2002-2004.observation period 2002-2004.

The survey methodologyThe survey methodology 2. The survey object: Industrial enterprises2. The survey object: Industrial enterprises Large and Medium-sized industrial Enterprises (LMEs) Large and Medium-sized industrial Enterprises (LMEs) Small-sized industrial enterprises Small-sized industrial enterprises with annual turnover with annual turnover

above 5 million RMBabove 5 million RMB Classification of Large, Medium and Small EnterprisesClassification of Large, Medium and Small Enterprises

Large Large Medium Medium Small Small

Employment (Person) Employment (Person) 2000+2000+ 300-2000300-2000 300-300-Turnover (Million Yuan) Turnover (Million Yuan) 300+300+ 30-30030-300 30-30-Total assets (Million Total assets (Million Yuan) Yuan) 400+400+ 40-40040-400 40-40-Firms are classified as large if all three criteria in column (1) are satisfied. The remaining firms are classified as medium if all three lower bounds in column (2) are satisfied. Otherwise they are classified as small

2. The survey method2. The survey method Census survey on LMEsCensus survey on LMEs Sample survey on Sample survey on small-sized enterprises small-sized enterprises

3. Coverage of the survey3. Coverage of the survey Totally 67,242 LMEs and small enterprises were inclTotally 67,242 LMEs and small enterprises were incl

uded uded The sample size of small-sized enterprises drawn by The sample size of small-sized enterprises drawn by

NBS were 42,600 and the sampling ratio was equal tNBS were 42,600 and the sampling ratio was equal to 16.3%o 16.3%

the response rate was 82%the response rate was 82%

The Survey methodologyThe Survey methodology

The Survey methodologyThe Survey methodology The survey is organized by the department The survey is organized by the department

of Social, Science and Technology statistics of Social, Science and Technology statistics of NBS. It is responsible for organisation and of NBS. It is responsible for organisation and leadership, and undertakes the specific leadership, and undertakes the specific statistics work, including the questionnaire statistics work, including the questionnaire and guideline design, Provincial and and guideline design, Provincial and Municipal statistician training, data Municipal statistician training, data processing and publishing, and so on. processing and publishing, and so on. Provincial and Municipal Bureaus of statistics Provincial and Municipal Bureaus of statistics are responsible for enterprises’ personnel are responsible for enterprises’ personnel training, collecting and processing data, training, collecting and processing data, submitting the data to NBS, etc. The submitting the data to NBS, etc. The questionnaires are filled out by the questionnaires are filled out by the enterprises’ respondents after being trained enterprises’ respondents after being trained and reading the guideline. and reading the guideline.

The survey resultsThe survey results

Innovation activity during 200Innovation activity during 20044-200-2006.6. Who developed product and process innovations?Who developed product and process innovations? Innovation expenditures in 200Innovation expenditures in 2006.6. Information source of innovation during Information source of innovation during 20020044-200-2006.6. Effects of innovations.Effects of innovations. Share of Share of revenuerevenue in 200 in 20066 from product from product

innovationinnovationss.. Promoting factors for success of innovationPromoting factors for success of innovationss.. Hampering fHampering factoractorss for innovation for innovationss..

Innovation activity during 2004-2006Innovation activity during 2004-2006 28.828.8 % of surveyed enterprises conducted % of surveyed enterprises conducted

innovation activity innovation activity of which:of which:

19.919.9% introduced both product and process % introduced both product and process innovations.innovations.

3.63.6% introduced product innovations only. % introduced product innovations only. 4.44.4% process innovations only.% process innovations only. 0.90.9% had ongoing or abandoned innovation % had ongoing or abandoned innovation

activity.activity.

Innovation activity 2004-2006Innovation activity 2004-2006

71.2

3.6

4.4

19.9

0.9

Enterpri ses wi thouti nnovati on acti vi tyProduct i nnovati onsonl yProcess i nnovati onsonl yProduct and processi nnovati ons Ongoi ng/ abandonedi nnovati on

Innovation activity by size & industryInnovation activity by size & industry (Share of enterprises with innovation activities, %)(Share of enterprises with innovation activities, %)

SizeSize AllAll MiningMining ManufacturingManufacturing Electricity, Gas and Electricity, Gas and WaterWater

LargeLarge 83.583.5 72.372.3 85.685.6 70.870.8

Medium Medium 55.955.9 30.530.5 58.758.7 31.631.6

SmallSmall 25.225.2 8.88.8 27.627.6 10.510.5

AllAll 28.828.8 12.212.2 30.030.0 15.715.7

Large enterprises were most likely to conduct Large enterprises were most likely to conduct innovation activityinnovation activity

Innovation activity in LMEs by ownershipInnovation activity in LMEs by ownership (Share of LMEs with innovation activities, %)(Share of LMEs with innovation activities, %)

Ownership Ownership Share Share Domestic Domestic 61.861.8

Overseas from Hong Kong, Macao & Overseas from Hong Kong, Macao & TaiwanTaiwan

49.649.6

Foreign Foreign 53.053.0

AllAll 58.258.2

Who developed innovations?Who developed innovations? (Share of different forms of conducting innovation, %)(Share of different forms of conducting innovation, %)

76.3

17.2

6.5

69.9

17.912.1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Producti nnovati on

Processi nnovati on

Own enterpri se/ enterpri se group

Together wi th otherenterpri se ori nsti tute orUni versi tyBy others

Product and process innovations were mostly developed by the Product and process innovations were mostly developed by the enterpriseenterprise or or enterprise group . enterprise group . 76.376.3% of product innovations and % of product innovations and 69.969.9% of process innovations% of process innovations respectively respectively..A larger share of process innovations were developed by others A larger share of process innovations were developed by others compared to product innovations.compared to product innovations.

Who developed innovations in LMEs ?Who developed innovations in LMEs ? By ownership (product innovation,%) By ownership (product innovation,%)

OwnershipOwnership ItselfItself TogethTogether er

OtherOther

DomesticDomestic 77.877.8 17.917.9 4.34.3

Overseas from Hong Kong, Macao & Overseas from Hong Kong, Macao & TaiwanTaiwan

84.284.2 11.711.7 4.14.1

ForeignForeign 82.682.6 12.712.7 4.74.7

AllAll 79.679.6 16.116.1 4.34.3

OwnershipOwnership ItselfItself TogetheTogether r

OtherOther

DomesticDomestic 67.567.5 17.617.6 14.914.9

Overseas from Hong Kong, Overseas from Hong Kong, Macao & Macao &

TaiwanTaiwan

75.475.4 11.511.5 13.113.1

ForeignForeign 75.875.8 10.710.7 13.513.5

AllAll 70.070.0 15.715.7 14.414.4

Who developed innovations in LMEs ?Who developed innovations in LMEs ? By ownership (process innovation,%) By ownership (process innovation,%)

Innovation Innovation expenditures expenditures 20062006((Share in total expenditure, %)Share in total expenditure, %)

32.4

3.655.8

8.1 I ntramural R&D

Extramural R&D

Acqui si ti on ofmachi nery,equi pment andsoftwareAcqui si ti on ofother externalknowl edge

The total expenditure amounted to 582.1 billion RMB, up by 23.1 percent over the previous year, it accounted for 1.86 percent of turnover.

Innovation Innovation expenditures in LMEs, expenditures in LMEs, 20062006

By ownershipBy ownership

DomestiDomesticc

Overseas Overseas ForeignForeign

Innovation expendituresInnovation expenditures (Billion RMB)(Billion RMB)

355.48355.48 32.5132.51 84.3484.34

Intramural R&DIntramural R&D (%)(%)

33.633.6 46.246.2 36.836.8

Extramural R&DExtramural R&D (%)(%)

3.33.3 3.03.0 5.95.9

Acquisition of machinery, Acquisition of machinery, equipment and softwareequipment and software (%)(%)

57.157.1 42.642.6 41.941.9

Acquisition of other Acquisition of other external knowledgeexternal knowledge (%)(%)

6.06.0 8.28.2 15.415.4

Information source for innovation Information source for innovation

Degree of importanceDegree of importanceHigh High

AllAll(%)(%)

LMES LMES (%)(%)

OwnOwn 33.133.1 35.635.6

EEnterprise groupnterprise group 16.416.4 26.326.3

ClientsClients and Customers and Customers 58.658.6 63.063.0

SuppliersSuppliers 21.621.6 21.021.0

CompetitorsCompetitors 29.829.8 33.033.0

Technology market & Technology market & consulting org. consulting org.

17.017.0 20.220.2

Information source for innovation Information source for innovation

Degree of importanceDegree of importanceHigh High

AllAll(%)(%)

LMES LMES (%)(%)

Industrial associationsIndustrial associations 14.714.7 19.019.0UniversitiesUniversities 8.98.9 11.811.8Independent Institutions Independent Institutions 12.412.4 17.117.1Governmental authorities Governmental authorities 12.312.3 15.015.0Trade fairs, exhibitions Trade fairs, exhibitions 26.026.0 27.427.4S&T literature S&T literature 11.911.9 14.414.4Internet information Internet information 17.517.5 17.317.3

Effect of innovation Effect of innovation Degree of importance Degree of importance

HighHighAll All (%)(%)

LMEsLMEs (%)(%)

Product oriented effectsProduct oriented effects1. 1. Increased range of Increased range of goodsgoods 54.154.1 61.561.52. 2. Improved quality ofImproved quality of goods goods 56.656.6 62.762.73. 3. Entered new markets or Entered new markets or

increased market share increased market share 58.958.9 64.164.1

Effect of innovation Effect of innovation Degree of importance Degree of importance


LMEsLMEs (%)(%)

Process oriented effectsProcess oriented effects4. Improved flexibility of 4. Improved flexibility of

productionproduction 38.338.3 41.141.15. Increased capacity of 5. Increased capacity of

productionproduction 56.356.3 60.060.06. Reduced labour costs per 6. Reduced labour costs per

unit outputunit output 37.937.9 41.441.4

Effect of innovation Effect of innovation

Degree of importance Degree of importance


LMEsLMEs (%)(%)

Process oriented effectsProcess oriented effects7. Reduced materials per unit 7. Reduced materials per unit

output output 35.435.4 41.541.58. Reduced energy per unit 8. Reduced energy per unit

outputoutput 36.136.1 42.542.59. 9. Reduced environmental Reduced environmental

impacts impacts 39.439.4 43.543.510. Improved working 10. Improved working

conditions and enhanced conditions and enhanced safety safety 42.342.3 45.045.0

Effect of innovation in LMEs Effect of innovation in LMEs by Ownershipby Ownership

Degree of importance Degree of importance highhigh

DomesticDomestic (%)(%)

OverseasOverseas(%)(%)

ForeignForeign(%)(%)

ProProductduct oriented effects oriented effects1. 1. Increased range of Increased range of goodsgoods 61.561.5 60.360.3 62.762.72. 2. Improved quality ofImproved quality of goods goods 63.363.3 59.759.7 63.263.23. 3. Entered new markets or Entered new markets or

increased market share increased market share 64.564.5 62.662.6 63.963.9




OverseasOverseas(%)(%)


Product oriented effectsProduct oriented effects4. Improved flexibility of 4. Improved flexibility of

productionproduction 40.340.3 42.142.1 43.643.65. Increased capacity of 5. Increased capacity of

productionproduction 60.360.3 58.158.1 59.959.9

6. Reduced labour costs per 6. Reduced labour costs per unit outputunit output 42.042.0 39.539.5 40.440.4



overseasoverseas(%)(%)


Process oriented effectsProcess oriented effects7. Reduced materials per unit 7. Reduced materials per unit

outputoutput 42.342.3 37.937.9 40.840.88. Reduced energy per unit 8. Reduced energy per unit

outputoutput 43.943.9 38.138.1 40.340.39. 9. Reduced environmental Reduced environmental

impacts impacts 44.344.3 40.640.6 42.342.310. Improved working 10. Improved working

conditions and enhanced conditions and enhanced safety safety 46.046.0 41.541.5 43.843.8

Share of revenue from product Share of revenue from product innovationinnovation

12.7 % of revenue in 2006 came from 12.7 % of revenue in 2006 came from new products. new products.

6.8% from new to the market. 6.8% from new to the market.

5.9% from new to the firm.5.9% from new to the firm.

Share of revenue from product Share of revenue from product innovations innovations

( by size & degree of novelty)( by size & degree of novelty)

Size class Size class New for New for marketmarket

New for New for firmfirm

LLargearge 10.010.0 8.68.6

Medium Medium 6.16.1 5.05.0

SSmallmall 4.04.0 3.83.8

All All 6.86.8 5.95.9

Share of revenue from product innovations in Share of revenue from product innovations in LMEsLMEs

(by Ownership & degree of novelty)(by Ownership & degree of novelty)

Ownership Ownership New for New for marketmarket

New for New for firmfirm

DomesticDomestic 7.27.2 6.46.4

OverseasOverseas 10.510.5 5.25.2

ForeignForeign 10.010.0 9.49.4

AllAll 8.28.2 7.07.0

Promoting factor for success of innovation Promoting factor for success of innovation


AllAll(%)(%)

LMEs LMEs (%)(%)

Manager /CEO with innovative Manager /CEO with innovative spirit spirit

66.066.0 72.972.9

Sufficient financial support Sufficient financial support 44.844.8 54.354.3Highly qualified human Highly qualified human resource resource

57.057.0 66.766.7

Commitment of employeesCommitment of employees 41.841.8 46.946.9

Promoting factor for success of innovation Promoting factor for success of innovation


AllAll(%)(%)

LMEs LMEs (%)(%)

Incentive instrumentsIncentive instruments 40.640.6 46.946.9Effective technological Effective technological strategies & planning.strategies & planning.

44.644.6 53.253.2

Fluent information channels Fluent information channels 40.040.0 43.643.6Reliable partners in innovation Reliable partners in innovation co-operation co-operation

30.230.2 34.034.0

Favourable governmental Favourable governmental support support

30.830.8 33.633.6

Hampering factors for innovationHampering factors for innovation


AllAll(%)(%)

LMELME(%)(%)

Immature technologyImmature technology 37.937.9 37.437.4Mismatch b/w new technology & production Mismatch b/w new technology & production capacitycapacity

27.127.1 22.522.5

Emergence of newer/better technology or Emergence of newer/better technology or product product

29.129.1 33.533.5

Lack of technical personnel or brain drainLack of technical personnel or brain drain 28.028.0 23.823.8

Hampering factors for innovationHampering factors for innovation


AllAll(%)(%)

LMELME(%)(%)

Lack of funds during process of Lack of funds during process of industrialisation industrialisation

34.134.1 25.825.8

Reduction of market demand Reduction of market demand 40.340.3 53.053.0 Counterfeiting or import competition Counterfeiting or import competition 12.312.3 12.512.5

Policy or regulation constraints Policy or regulation constraints 10.910.9 13.313.3

The concluding remarks and future plan for The concluding remarks and future plan for the the developmentdevelopment of Innovation survey of Innovation survey

The first innovation survey of China The first innovation survey of China can be considered a great step can be considered a great step forward accomplished by the NBS in forward accomplished by the NBS in a close co-operation with its Nordic a close co-operation with its Nordic partners. It is a promising start for an partners. It is a promising start for an enlarged and deepened capacity enlarged and deepened capacity building in the S&T indicator system building in the S&T indicator system of China and its co-operation with a of China and its co-operation with a broad international community. broad international community.


The Survey has also provided us with rich The Survey has also provided us with rich information on the China-specific information on the China-specific economic and social context and greatly economic and social context and greatly enhanced our understanding of the enhanced our understanding of the innovation environment, in which innovation environment, in which enterprises in China are operating. enterprises in China are operating. Although there is no obvious evidence of Although there is no obvious evidence of the use of these results for policy making, the use of these results for policy making, the related government departments hope the related government departments hope that NBS of China continues to conduct that NBS of China continues to conduct this survey in the future. It was well known this survey in the future. It was well known that it is a valuable survey. that it is a valuable survey.


With respect to the coordination with the With respect to the coordination with the R&D survey, you can find that the R&D R&D survey, you can find that the R&D expenditures of large- and medium sized expenditures of large- and medium sized enterprises in 2006 were enterprises in 2006 were approximatelyapproximately equal equal in both surveys, because we used the data in both surveys, because we used the data of R&D survey in innovation survey. In fact, of R&D survey in innovation survey. In fact, the R&D expenditure in innovation survey is the R&D expenditure in innovation survey is larger than it in the R&D survey. We believe larger than it in the R&D survey. We believe that the data quality of R&D survey is higher that the data quality of R&D survey is higher because the R&D survey was conducted because the R&D survey was conducted every year. every year.


However, we can also see that the first However, we can also see that the first innovation survey of China leaves large innovation survey of China leaves large room for improvement, in terms of room for improvement, in terms of international comparability regarding international comparability regarding survey practices and methodology. survey practices and methodology. More specifically, departing from the More specifically, departing from the current achievement, the NBS plans to current achievement, the NBS plans to continue their work on thecontinue their work on the innovation innovation survey in the following directions: survey in the following directions:

The concluding remarks and future plan for The concluding remarks and future plan for the development of Innovation surveythe development of Innovation survey

To set up a regular innovation survey system To set up a regular innovation survey system and to enlarge the scope of the Survey, and to enlarge the scope of the Survey, covering enterprises in service sector. covering enterprises in service sector.

To increase types of innovation in the Survey, To increase types of innovation in the Survey, including organisational and marketing including organisational and marketing innovation.innovation.

To make the coverage and time point for survey To make the coverage and time point for survey as consistent as possible with the CIS.as consistent as possible with the CIS.

AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements Many helps was provided from international experts during our fiMany helps was provided from international experts during our fi

rst innovation survey:rst innovation survey: Mrs Birgitta Mannfelt at Mrs Birgitta Mannfelt at Statistics SwedenStatistics Sweden and Mr. Mikael and Mr. Mikael

Åkerblom at Statistics Finland provided us many technical Åkerblom at Statistics Finland provided us many technical assistances for the questionnaire design.assistances for the questionnaire design.

Ms. Maria Säfström (Ms. Maria Säfström (Statistics SwedenStatistics Sweden)) and Ms. and Ms.Viveca KochViveca Koch ((Statistics SwedenStatistics Sweden) provided us the excellent training course. ) provided us the excellent training course.

Dr. Nannan Lundin (Research Institutes of Industrial Dr. Nannan Lundin (Research Institutes of Industrial Economics, IFN) provided considerable assistance in co-Economics, IFN) provided considerable assistance in co-coordinating the cooperation project.coordinating the cooperation project.

we deeply appreciate their helps and hope that more we deeply appreciate their helps and hope that more interninternational experts can cooperate with us on our ational experts can cooperate with us on our S&T statistics S&T statistics including innovation survey.including innovation survey.

Many thanksMany thanks ! !

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