Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies1 L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

KALLA

KIT – University of the State of Baden-Wuerttemberg and National Research Center of the Helmholtz Association

Institut für Kern- und Energietechnik

www.kit.edu

FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel,

4th High Power Targetry Workshop, May 3, 2011

Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies2 L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

KALLA

Content:

Overview of liquid metal targets and investigation strategy

FAIR, IFMIF 

Water experiment, validation of CFD, liquid-metal experiment 

Water test facility - FIDESObjects, design, test section, experimental results

Liquid metal test facility - ALINAObjects, design, test section, experimental results

IFMIF test sectionDesign, Taylor-Goertler instability, measuring technique 

Summary and outlook

May 2 - 6, 2011

Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies3 L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

KALLA

Overview liquid metal targets

May 2 - 6, 2011

Nuclear physics researchLithium target

Facility for Antiprotonand Ion Research

(FAIR)

TransmutationPbBi-Target

Accelerator Driven System for Transmutation

(ADS)

Fusion technologyLithium target

International Fusion Material Irradiation

Facility(IFMIF)

Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies4 L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

KALLA

FIDES – water facility design

May 2 - 6, 2011

Facility Data:

total height ~ 7 m medium - waterseparator ~ 2.5 m³water tank - 2.5 m³flow rate – up to 60 m³/hflow velocity:

in the pipe – max. 5 m/snozzle outlet – max. 20 m/s

Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies5 L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

KALLA

Water test section design (FAIR)

nozzle

glass housing

flow conditioner

inflow basket

May 2 - 6, 2011

Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies6 L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

KALLA

Water-jet investigation (nozzle flow)

l, nm dx,,mm dy,mm dz,mm

488 56 56 353

514.5 59 59 372

Probe volume

z

x

y

Y, v

Z, w

X, u

70

7016

64

X

YZ

u

v w510

nozzle

measurement plane x = -5

measurement lines

velocity component

• Quantitative analysis by means of LDA• Acquisition of viscous boundary layer

(minimized measurement volume)

May 2 - 6, 2011

Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies7 L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

KALLA

Water-jet investigation (nozzle flow)

Boundary layer velocity and turbulence intensity distribution

y+=yU/

U=(w/)0,5

w – wall shear stress

1 10 1000,00

0,05

0,10

0,15

0,20

u'2 )0.

5/u

0

y+

Exp.

1 10 1000

5

10

15

20

25

30

u+

y+

Laminar v+= x+

Turbulent

v+=2.439 ln x+ + 5.2

Exp.

STAR-CD Calculation, S. Gordeev Experimental data

May 2 - 6, 2011

Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies8 L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

KALLA

Water-jet investigation (free surface)

May 2 - 6, 2011

CFD-Calculation, S. Gordeev

Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies9 L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

KALLA

The mission of the liquid metal ALINA-Facility

• Experimental research on hydrodynamic phenomena of the free surface liquid metal flow (FAIR, IFMIF)

• Thermal-hydraulic investigation of the systems with liquid metal flow

• Design optimization and testing of new technological solution for liquid metal facilities

• Developing and testing of new measuring techniques

May 2 - 6, 2011

Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies10 L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

KALLA

3D-View of the experimental facility ALINA

May 2 - 6, 2011

• Inventory:• Sump tank: 300 liter• Pipe line: 51 liter• Test section: 75 liter

• Flow rate: 0.5…12 m³/h• Flow velocity:

• up to 1.5 m/s (in the pipe)• up to 3.7 m/s (nozzle outlet)

• Temperature up to 350°C• Thermal power: ~ 36 kW

Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies11 L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

KALLA

ALINA test section design (FAIR)

May 2 - 6, 2011

Test section assembly Nozzle

Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies12 L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

KALLA

Lithium flow free surface

May 2 - 6, 2011

Example: liquid metal jet mean velocity U = 2.5 m/s at T=200°C

exposure 1/200 secCFD-Calculation, S. Gordeev exposure 1/30 sec

Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies13 L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

KALLA

IFMIF water test section design

May 2 - 6, 2011

Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies14 L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

KALLA

Taylor-Goertler instability

May 2 - 6, 2011

Goertler vortices, Saric Goertler vortices, Wortmann

Goertler number as a critical stability parameter

Visualizing of Goertler vortices

Investigation subjects:

Velocity distribution in the jet flow

Formation and development of Goertler vortices

Influence on the free surface

𝐺𝑜=𝑈∞ ∙ 𝜃𝜗

∙√ 𝜃𝑅=𝑅𝜃 ∙√ 𝜃𝑅𝐺𝑜𝑐𝑟≈7

Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies15 L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

KALLA

SummaryExperimental background for investigation of liquid metal free surface flows has been created:

Water test facility FIDES has been constructed

Liquid-metal facility ALINA was built and successfully tested

Facilities have been equipped by modern measuring technics.

FIDES-facility was improved and rebuilt to IFMIF-conditions

May 2 - 6, 2011

OutlookExperimental investigation of:

Instabilities in the flow - Goertler vortices

Stability of the free surface

Flow conditioning

Application of High Speed PIV system (up to 1000Hz)

Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies16 L. Stoppel, Th. Wetzel FAIR and IFMIF liquid metal free surface target experiments at KALLA

KALLA

May 2 - 6, 2011

Thank you for your

Attention!