Integrated Plasma Fuel Integrated Plasma Fuel Cell Process (IPFC) Cell Process (IPFC) Process/Technology Briefing Process/Technology Briefing Presented by Presented by James Jordan, President and CEO James Jordan, President and CEO Louis Ventre, Jr. Executive VP and General Louis Ventre, Jr. Executive VP and General Counsel Counsel Meyer Steinberg, VP and Chief Scientist, Meyer Steinberg, VP and Chief Scientist, Archer Haskins, VP Marketing Archer Haskins, VP Marketing HCE, LLC HCE, LLC www.hceco.com www.hceco.com
A Highly Efficient Process for Producing Electricity, Hydrogen, Gasoline and Diesel Fuels
from Coal, Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biomass
with Low Greenhouse Gas EmissionsGreening Fossil Energy
AgendaAgenda
Describe the Integrated Plasma Fuel Cell (IPFC) Process
Compare the Potential of this Process with the Other Fossil Fuel Conversion Technologies
Describe the key components Discuss Proposed Development and
Commercialization Strategy
HCE, LLC Seeks Support to Develop a Highly Efficient and Clean Process for Conversion of Fossil Fuel to Electricity, Hydrogen and Synthetic Fuels
HCE, LLC Seeks Support to Develop a Highly Efficient and Clean Process for Conversion of Fossil Fuel to Electricity, Hydrogen and Synthetic Fuels The process is a breakthrough The process is more efficient than any other fossil fuel
conversion process The process can be demonstrated at a pilot scale in 3
years at a cost of about $18 million The estimated cost of a follow-on full scale
The IPFC Process Integrates Two Technologies:Hydrogen Plasma Black Reactor – HPBRwith Direct Carbon Fuel Cell – DCFC
The IPFC Process Integrates Two Technologies:Hydrogen Plasma Black Reactor – HPBRwith Direct Carbon Fuel Cell – DCFC
Lower Production Cost Resulting from:• High Efficiency• Lower Capital Investment
Low Pollution Discharges• Half CO2 in concentrated form• 5 to 10X less pollution (NOx and SOx than
conventional power plant Varied Applications Resulting from:
• Adaptability of Process• Scalability of Process
Lower Production CostLower Production Cost
Lower Production CostLower Production Cost
Highest Powerplant Thermal EfficiencyHighest Powerplant Thermal Efficiency When compared to other systems, the IPFC promises the
highest powerplant thermal efficiencies --- ranging from a low of 70% to a high of 92%! (Values vary depending upon the type of fuel, the amount of hydrogen produced in relation to the amount of electricity, and the heating value of the fuel.)
Natural Gas Combined Cycle powerplants typically achieve 60% thermal efficiency for electricity production.
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle plants typically achieve 50 - 55% thermal efficiency for electricity production.
Current fossil powerplants (Rankine Cycle) generate electricity in a range of 35 - 40% thermal efficiency.
Comparison of IPFC Process with Rankine Plants and the Advanced IGCC Plant for Likely Fuel TypesComparison of IPFC Process with Rankine Plants and the Advanced IGCC Plant for Likely Fuel Types
Higher Thermal Efficiency Than IGCC for Variety of FeedstocksHigher Thermal Efficiency Than IGCC for Variety of Feedstocks
Lower CO2 Emissions than IGCCLower CO2 Emissions than IGCC
Lower Capital InvestmentLower Capital Investment
Lower Production CostLower Production Cost
Adaptable and Scalable to a Variety of Feedstocks and Applications
Adaptable and Scalable to a Variety of Feedstocks and Applications
Basic Unit – Produces Electricity and HydrogenHPBR – Hydrogen Plasma Black Reactor coupled withDCFC – Direct Carbon Fuel Cell
For Electric Power and Transportation Fuels (gasoline and diesel)Add Water Gas Shift Reactor (WGS) and Fischer-Tropsch Reactor
For Electric Power Production AloneAdd WGS and SOFC – Solid oxide fuel cell
For Hydrogen AloneAdd WGS and water electrolyzer
ScalableResidential to Large Multi-Megawatt Power Plant
HYDROGEN PLASMA BLACK REACTOR
HPBR
HPBR How It WorksHPBR How It WorksIPFC Process
IPFC Process Electric Arc Hydrogen Plasma Black ReactorIPFC Process Electric Arc Hydrogen Plasma Black Reactor
IPFC Process Electric Arc Hydrogen Plasma Black ReactorIPFC Process Electric Arc Hydrogen Plasma Black Reactor
Benefits of HPBRBenefits of HPBR
Continuously cracks oil and natural gas.• Proofs needed for continuously cracking coal and
biomass to carbon, hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The carbon is in a fine particulate form. The fine particulate pure carbon is ideal for the
Direct Carbon Fuel Cell The Hydrogen generated by the HPBR is in a
concentrated form readily usable in other processes, such as upgrading petroleum refining, or as a feed stock for synfuels production or for sale in the commercial market
EmissionsEmissions Nearly ZeroNearly Zero Nearly ZeroNearly Zero Nearly ZeroNearly Zero Nearly ZeroNearly Zero Concentrated Concentrated Stream of Stream of
CO2CO2
Other FeaturesOther Features Cogen (hot Cogen (hot water)water)
Cogen (hot Cogen (hot water, LP water, LP
or HP or HP steam)steam)
Cogen (hot Cogen (hot water, LP water, LP
or HP or HP steam)steam)
Cogen (80 Cogen (80 degrees C degrees C
water)water)
Electricity Electricity +Cogen(hot+Cogen(hot
CO2)CO2)
Commercial Commercial StatusStatus
Some Some commercially commercially
availableavailable
Likely Likely commercializacommercializa
tion 2004tion 2004
Some Some commercially commercially
availableavailable
Some Some commercially commercially
availableavailable
Likely Likely commercializacommercializa
tion 2008tion 2008
Direct Carbon Fuel CellHow It WorksDirect Carbon Fuel CellHow It Works
Carbon flows into the Direct Carbon Fuel Cell carried by a molten carbonate electrolyte.
The carbon then combines with oxygen from the atmosphere, producing electricity and concentrated carbon dioxide.
AirOUT
Air IN
- +
Carbon In
Carbon Dioxide OUT
Molten Salt inPorous Matrix
650-800 DegreesCentigrade
Small-scale Experimental Work at LLNL has confirmed Proof of Principle of Direct Carbon Fuel Cell
Small-scale Experimental Work at LLNL has confirmed Proof of Principle of Direct Carbon Fuel Cell
A laboratory-scale Direct Carbon Fuel Cell is shown in the photograph.
It is a fully functional 60 square centimeters Direct Carbon Fuel Cell.
Lab scale thermal efficiencies achieved up to 90% at 1 kW/m2 and efficiencies of ~80% proved at 2 kW/ m2
Direct Carbon Fuel CellDirect Carbon Fuel Cell
Inside the barrel shell of the Direct Carbon Fuel Cell, there is an electrode assembly as shown in the schematic illustration.
A Concept for an Industrial-Scale Direct Carbon Fuel CellA Concept for an Industrial-Scale Direct Carbon Fuel Cell
$4.00/MMBTU 690 40.99 1.44 45.50$4.00/MMBTU 690 50.00** 1.06 33.50_____________________________________________________________________N. Dakota Lignite$12.40/ton MF 775 28.50 1.00 31.50$0.73/MMBTU 775 44.18** 0.00 10.50***_____________________________________________________________________ * Cost of a barrel of crude oil to refinery to produce gasoline equivalent to listed IPFC gasoline cost. ** Selling price of electricity raised from production cost but not to exceed conventional price of 50 mills/Kwh(e). *** It costs $0.25/gal to refine crude oil. For zero production cost, equivalent crude oil cost is negative._____________________________________________________________________ IGCC Plant Cost 1300/Kw 46.85 1.65 52.00
Integration of DCFC in the IPFC Process Integration of DCFC in the IPFC Process
The IPFC process development project will scale-up the DCFC for industrial application and integrate it with a continuously circulating carbon-black-laden molten carbonate stream
The IPFC process project will design, fabricate and test an off-gas system to collect the concentrated stream of CO2 for various applications
The IPFC Project will test performance of the DCFC with various ranks of fossil fuels
Design & Fabricate Appropriately Scaled Hydrogen Plasma Black Reactor (HPBR)
Design & Fabricate Appropriately Scaled Hydrogen Plasma Black Reactor (HPBR)
Design a Test Program for Various Ranks of U.S. and Chinese Coal
Set up an instrumented experimental unit at Norwegian University of Science and Technology develop off-gas and processing data to determine systems design information for off-gas processing system, molten carbonate system, and a scaled design for the IPFC pilot plant
Hydrogen Plasma Black Reactor (HPBR) at Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Hydrogen Plasma Black Reactor (HPBR) at Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Major Level 3 WBS Tasks of Systems Requirements Definition Task (SRD 1.01)Major Level 3 WBS Tasks of Systems Requirements Definition Task (SRD 1.01)1. Complete Conceptual Design Report 2. Scale-Up of Direct Carbon Fuel Cell (DCFC)3. Design & Fabricate Appropriately Scaled Hydrogen
Plasma Black Reactor (HPBR)4. Design & Fabricate Appropriately Scaled Molten Salt
Carbon Transfer System5. Design & Fabricate Appropriately Scaled Off-Gas
Collection Systems for HPBR and DCFC Components6. Testing of Various Ranks of Fossil Fuels in Above
Systems7. Perform Trade Studies for Coal Prep and De-Ashing
List of IPFC Process Pilot Plant Project Deliverables
List of IPFC Process Pilot Plant Project Deliverables
Complete Pilot Plant T&E Report Complete Construction of Pilot Plant Complete Final E,S&H Report Complete Final Design of Pilot Plant Complete Preliminary Design of Pilot Plant Complete Conceptual Design Report for 1 MW Pilot Plant Design, Construct & T&E a full-scale DCFC Module Design, Construct & T&E a multiple module gas collection
system Design, Construct & T&E a multiple module molten
carbonate transfer system Design, Construct & T&E an appropriately scaled HPBR Design, Construct & T&E an appropriately scaled fuel prep
