Integrated Pro-poor Water and Wastewater Management in Small Towns Project Implementation in Serang...

7/31/2019 Integrated Pro-poor Water and Wastewater Management in Small Towns Project Implementation in Serang District, Banten Province, Indonesia

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In t egrat ed Pro-poor Wat er and

Wastew at er Managem ent in Sm al l Tow nsPro jec t Im p lem enta t ion in Serang

Dis t r i c t , Bant en Province , Indones ia

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Presented atthe ESCAP Workshop on knowledge transfer and

capacity building for water and sanitation services in

Asia and the Pacific

Bangkok, 17-19 February 2009

Urban and Regional Development Institute Serang District Authority


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Background

ESCAP is implementing the project Integrated Pro-PoorWater and Wastewater Management in Small Towns.

The overall objective of the project is to assist localgovernments in small towns in developing andimplementing integrated water and wastewatermanagement systems.

The project is being implemented on closely interlinkedregional and country-level tracks.

Under the country-level track, ESCAP is assisting localgovernment offices in Serang District and City in Indonesiato introduce pro-poor and integrated water and wastewatersystems in partnership with the Urban and RegionalDevelopment Institute (URDI).

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Countryleveltrack:Indonesia

The intervention in Indonesia is built on the existing District Working Group onWater Supply and Environmental Sanitation (WSES) or Pokja AMPL led bythe State Ministry of National Development Planning (BAPPENAS) under theIndonesia Water Supply And Sanitation Policy Formulation and Action Planning

(WASPOLA) initiative.

In June 2003, six national ministries signed the Community-Based WaterSupply and Environmental Sanitation National Policy No. 23/2003. This policy

was prepared in stages by a Water Supply and Environmental Sanitation(WSES) Working Group led by the National Development Planning Agency(Bappenas) and involving the Ministries of Home Affairs, Settlement andRegional Infrastructure, Health and Finance.

In line with the spirit of decentralization and regional autonomy policies, theWSES Working Group accommodated inputs from local governments to finalizea policy document and to determine how a national policy could beimplemented at the regional level.

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CommunityBasedWSESNationalPolicy

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SustainabilitySustainability

Policy for theDevelopmentof CommunityBased WSES

EfficiencyEfficiency

11 Principles ofCommunity

BasedWSES Policy

11 Pr inc ip les of Com m uni tyBase d WSES Polic y

1. Water as an Economic Goodand Social Good

2. Informed Choice as a Basis forDemand Responsive Approach

3. Environmentally BasedDevelopment

4. Hygiene Education

5. Poverty Focus

6. Active Role of Women inDecision Making

7. Accountability in the

Development Process8. Government as Facilitator

9. Community Participation

10. Optimum Service and RightTarget

11. Application of Cost Recovery

Principles

Logical Framework

Learning from experiences in the past indicates thatWS&S system constructed are not functioningproperly, because community was not involved in

planning, construction operation and maintenanceactivity;

Effective use and sustainability of service is betterwhen the community is involved during thedevelopment phases;


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WorkingGrouponWSES(PokjaAMPL)in

Serang

District

ESCAP and BAPPENAS have selected the District of Serang,Province of Banten, to implement the pilot project in Indonesia

The working group on WSES is composed of all the agencies at thedistrict level that have a role in this field. Members of working groupare including: (1) Local Development Planning Board, (2) HealthService, (3) Education Service, (4) Social Welfare, (5)Environmental Agency, (6) Public Works, (7) Water SupplyCompany (PDAM), (8) Religious Agency , (9) NGO (RekonvasiBhumi) and (10) Local University (UNTIRTA).

This working group has finalised a strategic plan (Renstra AMPL) forwater and sanitation in the district.


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WSESDevelopmentTargetinSerangDistrict

Preparing local regulation in supporting community based watersupply and sanitation activities

Improving community awareness on the importance of communitybased water supply and sanitation

Improving the performance of behavior change on clean andhealthy life style

Improving active community participation through community andgovernment institutions

Provision and Betterment Community Based Water Supply andSanitation facilities

Improving the sustainability in managing Community Based WaterSupply and Sanitation

Improving community awareness on the importance of clean andhealthy life style.


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ObjectiveandResults

Expected Results:

Result A: Serang authorities and in particular the members of the Working

Group (Pokja AMPL) enhance their knowledge of key concepts in pro-poorwater and wastewater management and strategic planning.

Result B: A detailed strategy on water and sanitation for one selectedsubdistrict of Serang is prepared by URDI in collaboration with SerangAuthorities and submitted for approval to the Working Group.

Result C: A pilot project where water and/or sanitation services aredelivered to the urban poor is implemented.

Result D: The formulation of the village strategic plan is documented and

disseminated.

The main objective is to provide technical assistance to the SerangDistrict Authorities by developing together a participatory, consensusoriented and integrated strategic plan for water and sanitation at the

village level, and to test its implementation through a pilot project.


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CaseStudy:SerangDistrictandSerangCity

Situated about 70 km from Jakarta as Capital City of Indonesia Serang City is new local government authorities separated from Serang District

in year 2007

The pilot projects are located in two villages: Kampung Dermayon andSukawana

Sukawana

Dermayon


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WaterandSanitationConditionsinSerang


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Socio-Economic Profiles


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Coordination withPokja AMPL

National

NationalWorkshop

DevelopingBaseline Data andCommunity profile

ConductingFirst CommunityConsultation

ConductingSecond

CommunityConsultation

OverallProcessoftheProject

Preliminary

Discussions withPokja AMPL

Serang District

Series ofCommunity

Meeting

Feasibility Study

Meeting with Pokja

AMPL SerangDistrict

Construction ofwastewater

treatment plant

Piped waterconnection

Establishing Refillwater business


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ProjectPreparation

Activity Description of Activity Actors Involved Outcome Challenges

Coordinationwith WorkingGroup at

National Level

City selectionDiscussion on projectapproach and

methodologyDefine the scope ofworks of the project

Pokja AMPLPusat

Waspola Project

Selected city National

Working Group

support theprojectimplementation

To find out howthe RenstraAMPL is

implemented atvillage level

PreliminaryDiscussion with

Serang DistrictAuthority

The discussion wasundertaken almost 4

months in order tointroduce the project aswell as get commitmentfrom the Authority

Pokja AMPLSerang District

Head of District(bupati)

Support fromPokja AMPL

Serang District LG budget

allocation in FY2008

How the projectresults could be

integrated tolocal annualdevelopmentplanningprocess

National

Workshop

The workshop is aimed

to enhance theknowledge of the teamon the key concepts inpro-poor waster andwastewater managementand strategic planning

Pokja AMPL

Pusat Pokja AMPL

Banten Province Pokja AMPL

Serang District Universities

NGOs

Agreed strategy

for projectimplementationplan

Two proposedproject locations

Coordination

mechanism inprojectimplementation,especially withSerang CityAuthority which

is newlyestablished

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CommunityMappingandConsultation

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Activity Description of Activity Actors Involved Outcome Challenges

DevelopingBaseline Dataand Community

Profile on Waterand Sanitation

Identifying issues andproblems on water andsanitation through

community participation(transect walk,interviews, discussion)

Community Local

government

officer Village officer

Communityprofile on waterand sanitation

Increasing theawareness ofcommunity on

WSES throughparticipatoryassessment

First CommunityConsultation

The first consultationwas discussed waterand sanitation issues andproblems, ideal conditionin the future, alternativesolutions and informedchoices (alternativetechnology).


Water Company Waspola

Facilitator Head of Sub-

District Head of Village Community

Common issuesand problems onwater andsanitation

Communityexpectation andpotential on thefuture conditionsof WSES

To find outpossiblesolutions toaddress watsanissues and tofulfill communityneeds andexpectation

SecondCommunityConsultation

The second consultationwas discussed aboutstrategic action plans toaddress water andsanitation problems withconsidering local

potential and resources.


Water Company Waspola

Facilitator Head of Village

Community

Proposed actionplans to addresswater andsanitation issues

Communityworking group

Furtherelaboration ofeach proposedaction plans andimplementationstrategy


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Pilot Project Planning and Design

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Activity Description of Activity ActorsInvolved

Outcome Challenges

CommunityMeetings

A series of meeting withcommunity was conducted toprepare pilot project

implementation strategyincluding priority location,target group, financing schemeand institutional arrangement

Community Village officer

Agreed prioritylocation

Identification of

target group Availability of land Target customer

for piped waterconnection

How to determinepriority locationand target group

for each actionplans

Mobilizingcommunitycontribution to theprojectimplementation

FeasibilityStudy onproposedaction plans

The feasibility study wasundertaken to further analyzetechnical and financial aspectsof each action plans and todetermine suitable project sites

Bali Fokus(TechnicalExpertise onWatsan)

Community Village officer

Technicalconsideration andoption choice forsanitation facility

DED model foreach option

Financial analysisfor construction

Limited space forwastewatertreatment plan

Meeting withPokja AMPLSerang District

The meeting was conductedbefore pilot projectimplementation to get approvalfrom Pokja on the pilot projectproposals and to discuss

possible expansion andreplications across the district

Pokja AMPLSerangDistrict

WaterCompany

Pokja approval onpilot projectproposals

Possibility toapply StrategicPlan of Watsanto other relatedprojects in the

future


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Pilot Project Implementation

Activity Description of Activity ActorsInvolved

Outcome Challenges

Construction ofshared septictanks and

individual septictank

Communityparticipation inconstruction work

(digging the projectsite)

Hiring constructionworkers

Construction of sharedseptic tanks andindividual septic tanks

Bali Fokus Community Workers

6 (six) sharedseptic tanks wereconstructed

30 individualseptic tanks areunderconstruction

Land availability Physical

condition of soil

Communityshould providefamily toilet

Piped WaterConnection

Facilitating communicationwith Local WaterEnterprise to make surethere is plan for pipedwater connection toDermayon area andproviding subsidy fordown-payment

Pokja AMPL Water

company

Confirmationletter from PDAMon the plan

Survey on pipedconnectionsystem

Application formsubmitted

Accelerating theconnectionprocess andmakes surecommunityaffordability andwillingness topay

EstablishingRefill WaterBusiness

Identifying available landto construct the building,preparing institutional

arrangement and businessplan

Community Head of

Village

Building Installed Refill

water machine

Business plan

Setting upcommunitybased business

unit on refillwater 17


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Pilot Project #1:

Piped Water Connection to PDAM inDermayon

Problem:

Kampung Dermayon has poor and lack ofwater resources.

Ground water quality is very poor andcontaminated.

Public hydrant provided by water company(PDAM) is only main source of drinking waterin the area.

The cost of drinking water is US$ 0.2 per m3. Average water consumption per household is

2m3. The cost of water per month ranges from US$

15-20.


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Pilot Project #1:

Piped Water Connection to PDAM inDermayon

Proposed intervention:

Through consultative process with PDAMand also Pokja meeting, there is a plan topiped water connection from PDAM in year2009.

Connection Fee is about US$ 150 percustomer which can be installed in 12months.

The project will provide subsidy for

connection fee with the amount is rangedfrom US$ 50-100 depending how manypeople applied. Total fund allocated is aboutUS$ 10,000

Water Tariff: The minimum payment permonth is about US$ 5 for 10m3 water usage


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Pilot Project #2:

Establishing Community-BasedRefill-Water Business

Problem:

The quality of ground water in Sukawana isdeteriorated. Community use the groundwater for daily use only.

There is only one public hydrant to serve

1,013 HHs The cost of drinking water is US$ 0.2 per m3 No plan for piped water connection from

PDAM Refill water is an alternative to meet

community need of drinking water The current refill water provider is located

almost 4 km from project location, whiledemand for drinking water is increased.


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Pilot Project #2:

Establishing Community-BasedRefill-Water Business

Proposed Intervention:

As result of community consultation, there isan idea to establish water refill business toserve drinking water

The business will be managed by community-based business unit under the supervision ofvillage authority

The initial investment is about US$ 5,000including building construction, machine,equipments and start-up cost

Some portion of business profit will be

allocated for infrastructure improvement andcommunity activity


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Community Based Business Unit

Board of Supervision

- Representatives fromVillage Authority andCommunity Leaders

Board of Management- Chairman, Secretaryand Treasury

Operator

Transparency andAccountability

- Organization rule-Monthly Financial

Report


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Pilot Project #2:

Establishing Community-Based Refill-Water Businessin Sukawana

Progress to Date:

Community provided landBuilding has been constructedPurchase refill water machineBusiness plan has been

preparedSet-up community basedbusiness unit and its mechanism

Actor Involved:

Community is provided land as part ofthe initial investment, At the sametime they also are employed asworkers in the construction processand will be the customers of thebussiness provided.

Community Based Business Unit isthe community group who will managethe bussiness

Local Government is facilitate theconstruction process throughmonitoring and together withcommunity organisation as well aslocal leader monitor the bussiness

operation.


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Cost Item UnitUnit Cost

(US$)Total Cost

(US$) Source

Land 16m2 5 80Communitycontribution

Machine Purchasing1 2,200

2,200ESCAP Project

Construction of building 1 1,600 1,600

ESCAP Project

and Community

Technical Assistance1

200 200ESCAP

Equipments

1

137.5 137.5ESCAP Project

Business start-up cost(4 months)

4 978.2782.5 ESCAP Project

Total Investment 5,000

26

Project Investment Cost


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28282828

Pilot Project #3:

Improved Sanitation Facilityin Dermayon and Sukawana

Proposed Intervention:

Training on Community Total Led Sanitation(CLTS) to increase community awarenesson the importance of healthy life and reducenumber of open defecation in the area. Thistraining was organized by Pokja AMPL

Serang District.

Provision of adequate and appropriatesanitation facilities: shared septic tank and

individual septic tank

Technical assistance for community toconstruct and to improve low cost and

appropriate individual toilet


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Pilot Project #3:

Improved Sanitation Facilityin Dermayon and Sukawana

Progress to Date:

Communities in both areas have

agreeed that shared septic tank asthe first priority for the project.

In Dermayon, 4 (four) sharedseptic tanks and 5 (five) individualseptic tanks have been built.

In Sukawana, 2 (two) sharedseptic tanks have been built.

Around 55 individual septic tanksare now under the construction(17 in Dermayon and 38 inSukawana)

Actors Involves:

Bali Fokus provide technical

assistance for designing low costbut appropriate and healthy toiletand supervising the construction.

The skilled-community involved inthe construction works

Community involve din providingland, digging and build their own

individual toilets


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Organized by Pokja AMPL Serang District

The training was aimed: To improve understanding towards the importance of basic

sanitation To increase their awareness on water and sanitation issues

particularly on basic sanitation (toilet provision) To share their experience with other community in their area

and to stimulate the awareness of community on theimportance of healthy life

There are 5 (five) people from Dermayon and 5 (five) peeoplefrom Sukawana participated in the training program.

Trainingon

CLTS


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TechnicalConsiderationsandRecommendationSukawana Village Kampung Dermayon

Main issues :Densely populated areaBathing and washing using water from shallowwell, river and rain waterFor defecation, most of the communities go tothe river or open space

Main issues :Densely populated areaBathing and washing using water from shallowwell, river and rain water.For defecation, most of the communities use theriver or open space

Limited space for wastewater treatment plantPoor drainage for discharging the effluent andgrey water

Technical Condition and Feasibility Result :Source of wastewater: Domestic wastewater(toilet, bathing and washing)

Land ownerships: Private ownWater resources: Public hydrant and shallowwellWater table: 50 cm below the ground surfaceDrainage condition: Flowing, no stagnant waterElevation : Slope approximately 0,5 - 1 %

Access for logistic and desludging: Accessiblefor medium size truck until the main road. Frommain road to the site, require logistic transfer

Technical Condition and Feasibility Result :Source of wastewater: Domestic wastewater(toilet, bathing and washing/ black and grey

water)Land ownerships: Own by private/individualWater resources: Public hydrant and shallowwellWater table: 30- 50 cm below the ground surfaceDrainage condition: Poor condition and Stagnant

waterElevation : Relatively flatAccess for logistic and desludging: Accessiblefor medium size truck until the main road. Andfrom main road to the site, require logistic transfer

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Sukawana Village Kampung Dermayon

Technical options for sanitation:Individual septic tank using common shape ofseptic tank (rectangular)Individual septic tank using round shapeconcreteIndividual septic tank using BioFil (pre-fab)Shared septic tankPublic toiletSimplified sewerage system

Technology option for sanitation:Individual septic tank using common shape ofseptic tank (rectangular)Individual septic tank using round shapeconcreteIndividual septic tank using BioFil (pre-fab)Shared septic tankPublic toiletSimplified sewerage system

Recommendation:Individual septic tank using common shape ofseptic tank (rectangular)Individual septic tank using BioFil (pre-fab)Shared Septic Tank

Recommendation:Shared septic tank for 3-5 HHIndividual Septic Tank

Option Choiced

Individual septic tank using BioFil (pre-fab) Shared Septic Tank

Option Choiced

Individual septic tank using BioFil (pre-fab) Shared Septic Tank

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TechnicalConsiderationsandRecommendation


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Shared SepticTank for 35HHs(18M3)

Source:BALIFOKUS


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IndividualSeptictankusingroundconcrete(80cm)

Source:BALI

FOKUS


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Construction Works: Individual


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363636

ConstructionWorks:Individual

SepticTanks

P j t I t ti t B i S it ti


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ProjectInterventiontoBasicSanitation

ImprovementNumber of House House with

Toilet% Target UNESCAP

Beneficiaries

Village Sukawana*

RT 01B 109 8 7.3 16

RT 01A 89 4 4.5 13

RT 04 200 5 2.5 16

Kp. Dermayon

RT 04194 88 45

15RT 05 121 62 51 13

RT 06 124 48 39 16

Note:The intervention consist of Share septic tank (serve for 3-5 Houses) and individual Septic tank(serve for 1 house)Currently 6 share septic tanks (4 in Dermayon and 2 in Sukawana) and 5 individual septic tanks(in Dermayon) have been constructed.


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Community participation has came into an essential meaning whenthere is balance combination between process and implemented actionin the project

The project approach has been combined the importance of projectprocess and stakeholder capacity building as well as the pilotimplementation which provide direct benefit to the community.

Increasing community contribution to the project implementation suchas: voluntarily work for digging the land and provision of individual toilets

The project result in preparing strategic action plan on WSES at villagelevel could be adapted to other similar projects in the future

Pokja AMPL will propose the strategic action plan on WSES in

Dermayon and Sukawana as instrumen tto integrate other similar projectinterventions in the area

There is an effort from Pokja AMPL to integrate other project with thepilot project intervention (i.e: in case of piped water connection, the LGhas allocated budget in FY 2009 to expand the PDAM service in

surrounding Dermayon area)

SomeLessonLearned (2)


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ContactDetail:

UrbanandRegionalDevelopmentInstitute(URDI)

RukanRoyalPalaceBlockC3

Jl.Prof.dr.Soepomo,SHKav.178A

MentengDalam,

Jakarta

12870

Indonesia

Telp:+62218312087,83785532

Fax:+62218312196

Homepage:www.urdi.org

Email:[email protected]

THANKYOU

ThankYou

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