Unit 3: Integumentary System A&P Chapter 5

Integumentary System Part 2: Skin Disorders Learning goals: 1. Students will be able to differentiate the different types of skin disorders. 2. Students will be able to identify the degrees of burns and what is involved in each type of burn. 3. Students will be able to list the risk factors for skin cancer. Skin Disorders

1. Chronic Disorders 3. Burns 2. Infectious Disorders 4. Skin Cancers

I. Chronic Skin Disorders  

• Urticaria (_____________) o Raised, often itchy, __________________ on skin surface o Usually due to an ____________________________ (to

animal dander, insect bites, pollen, shellfish, nuts, eggs, milk o Also caused by stress, extreme cold or hot, or illness

• ______________   o Chronic skin disorder that involves _____________________________ o Dry, flaky, blistering skin appears red and inflamed o Intense _______________________________ sensations o Can be triggered by _____________________ to chemicals, fabrics, heat, dryness

• ___________________ (Seborrheic dermatitis) o Caused by a _______________ o White, flaky, inflammatory skin condition o Often found on the _________________ o Not contagious

• Psoraiasis o Flaky, silver-white patches called _______________ o Redness and irritation o Genetic o The body produces _____________________________ o Normally skin cell turn around is around 30 days, but with psoraiasis, turn over is

around one week. • Albinism

o _____________ disorder in which the body cannot produce ______________ o Symptoms: ____________________________ in the hair, skin, or iris; light-

sensitivity, prone to sunburn & skin cancer

II. Infectious Skin Disorders

• Impetigo o Bacterial infection o Highly contagious o Causes _________________________________________________

Unit 3: Integumentary System A&P Chapter 5

o Common among kids • Acne

o Caused by an ________________________________, leading to clogging of the pores

o Clogged pores trap _________________, dead skin cells, and pus (white blood cells)

o Inflammation and swelling form red bumps o Pimples deep in the skin can form painful ____________ o Other causes of acne

§ Genetics § Hormonal changes due to menstrual cycles (females) or stress § Greasy or oily cosmetic and hair products   § Certain drugs (such as steroids, testosterone, estrogen) § High levels of humidity and sweating § Diets high in refined sugars

• Athlete’s Foot o ______________ infection o Very common on foot or other ______________________________ of body o Fungus infects the upper layers of the skin, causing itching, cracking, and pain

• Ringworm o Not a worm, caused by _____________________ o Occurs in ___________________________ with frequent wetness (such as from

sweating) and minor injuries to your skin o Itchy, red, raised, scaly patches that may blister and ooze

• Necrotizing Fasciitis o “_______________________ disease” o Very _________________ bacterial infection o __________________ (death) of the subcutaneous layer of skin

• ________ (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) o Staph infections are caused by ____________________ o Staphylococcus bacteria normally lives on the skin with ____________________ o MRSA is a strain that is ______________________________ and therefore very

dangerous or __________________ o Signs & Symptoms MRSA

§ People in ____________________ are most likely to get MRSA § Staph skin infections start as _________________________ that resemble

pimples, boils or spider bites § Quickly turn into deep, painful abscesses that must be surgically drained § Sometimes the bacteria remain in the skin, but if it penetrates into the body, it

can be life-threatening

III. Skin Burns

• A burn is tissue damage which destroys cell proteins and cause cell death in the affected areas

• Caused by: o ◦Heat

Unit 3: Integumentary System A&P Chapter 5

o ◦Radiation (sunlight, tanning beds) o ◦Chemicals o ◦Electricity

• Degrees of Burns o ____________________________

§ Burns only the _________________ (ex. Sunburn)

§ Redness & Pain, no blistering §

o _____________________________ § Burns occur in the epidermis and some of the ________________ § Redness, Pain, & blistering

o _________________________ § The epidermis, dermis, and ____________________ are destroyed § Damage to the _____________ endings (ex. Exposure to

direct fire) • Extent of Burns – Use the “______________________”

o Body is divided into 11 regions (each accounting for _________ of total body area)

• Critical Burns o Cover more than ________% of the body’s surface area o Burns on __________, genitals, or completely encircling the

_________________ • Treatment of Critical Burns

o Complications: § ________________________________________________________

o Intense doses of intravenous fluids to replace electrolyte imbalance o Warm and isolated environment to reduce risk of infection o _____________ can be done as soon as patient is stable

IV. Skin Cancer

• Risk Factors o ______________ (Older people) o _______________-skin o Excessive _________________________ o _______________ (family history) o Chemical exposure

• When to see your doctor: o If you have any of the _________________________, are ____________, or

have a family history of skin cancer • Cancer Vocabulary

o ____________ – abnormal division of a cell that has undergone a DNA mutation o ____________ – mass of mutated cells

Unit 3: Integumentary System A&P Chapter 5

o __________________   - the spread of cancer cells from one part of the body to another

• Two Categories of Skin Cancer: o Non-Melanoma–

§ Includes Basal cell carcinoma and Squamous cell carcinoma o Melanoma

• ______________________ Carcinoma

o _________________________ skin cancer o Occurs – in __________-exposed areas o Appearance – pearly or waxy _____________ or a flat,

flesh-colored or brown __________________________ o Treatment – cryosurgery, surgical removal o 95% of patients easily cured, but it may come back

• _________________________ Carcinoma

o Five times less common than basal cell carcinoma, but more likely to _____________________________

o Occurs – on sun-exposed areas   o Appearance – firm, _____________________ or a

___________________ with a scaly, crusted surface o Treatment – cryosurgery, surgical removal, medication

• ____________________

o Most ____________________ skin cancer because it can ______________________ (spread) and lead to _________________

o Occurs – _________________ on body’s skin o Appearance – ___________________________

with darker speckles or a ______________ that changes in color, size or bleeds

§ Men – on trunk, head or neck § Women – lower legs

o Treatment – surgical removal, radiation, chemotherapy