Unit 3: Integumentary System A&P Chapter 5

Integumentary System Part 2: Skin Disorders

Skin Disorders 1. Chronic Disorders 3. Burns 2. Infectious Disorders 4. Skin Cancers

I. Chronic Skin Disorders  

• Urticaria (_____________) o Raised, often itchy, __________________ on skin surface o Usually due to an ____________________________ (to

animal dander, insect bites, pollen, shellfish, nuts, eggs, milk o Also caused by stress, extreme cold or hot, or illness

• ______________   o Chronic skin disorder that involves _____________________________ o Dry, flaky, blistering skin appears red and inflamed o Intense _______________________________ sensations o Can be triggered by _____________________ to chemicals, fabrics, heat, dryness

• ___________________ (Seborrheic dermatitis) o Caused by a _______________ o White, flaky, inflammatory skin condition o Often found on the _________________ o Not contagious

• Psoraiasis o Flaky, silver-white patches called _______________ o Redness and irritation o Genetic o The body produces _____________________________ o Normally skin cell turn around is around 30 days, but with psoraiasis, turn over is

around one week. • Albinism

o _____________ disorder in which the body cannot produce ______________ o Symptoms: ____________________________ in the hair, skin, or iris; light-

sensitivity, prone to sunburn & skin cancer

II. Infectious Skin Disorders

• Impetigo o Bacterial infection o Highly contagious o Causes _________________________________________________ o Common among kids

• Acne o Caused by an ________________________________,

leading to clogging of the pores o Clogged pores trap _________________, dead skin cells,

and pus (white blood cells) o Inflammation and swelling form red bumps o Pimples deep in the skin can form painful ____________

Unit 3: Integumentary System A&P Chapter 5

o Other causes of acne § Genetics § Hormonal changes due to menstrual cycles (females) or stress § Greasy or oily cosmetic and hair products   § Certain drugs (such as steroids, testosterone, estrogen) § High levels of humidity and sweating § Diets high in refined sugars

• Athlete’s Foot o ______________ infection o Very common on foot or other ______________________________ of body o Fungus infects the upper layers of the skin, causing itching, cracking, and pain

• Ringworm o Not a worm, caused by _____________________ o Occurs in ___________________________ with frequent wetness (such as from

sweating) and minor injuries to your skin o Itchy, red, raised, scaly patches that may blister and ooze

• Necrotizing Fasciitis o “_______________________ disease” o Very _________________ bacterial infection o __________________ (death) of the subcutaneous layer of skin

• ________ (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) o Staph infections are caused by ____________________ o Staphylococcus bacteria normally lives on the skin with ____________________ o MRSA is a strain that is ______________________________ and therefore very

dangerous or __________________ o Signs & Symptoms MRSA

§ People in ____________________ are most likely to get MRSA § Staph skin infections start as _________________________ that resemble

pimples, boils or spider bites § Quickly turn into deep, painful abscesses that must be surgically drained § Sometimes the bacteria remain in the skin, but if it penetrates into the body,

it can be life-threatening

III. Skin Burns

• A burn is tissue damage which destroys cell proteins and cause cell death in the affected areas

• Caused by: o ◦Heat o ◦Radiation (sunlight, tanning beds) o ◦Chemicals o ◦Electricity

• Degrees of Burns o ____________________________

§ Burns only the _________________ (ex. Sunburn)

§ Redness & Pain, no blistering §

Unit 3: Integumentary System A&P Chapter 5

o _____________________________ § Burns occur in the epidermis and some of the ________________ § Redness, Pain, & blistering

o _________________________ § The epidermis, dermis, and ____________________ are destroyed § Damage to the _____________ endings (ex. Exposure

to direct fire) • Extent of Burns – Use the “______________________”

o Body is divided into 11 regions (each accounting for _________ of total body area)

• Critical Burns o Cover more than ________% of the body’s surface area o Burns on __________, genitals, or completely encircling the

_________________ • Treatment of Critical Burns

o Complications: § ________________________________________________________

o Intense doses of intravenous fluids to replace electrolyte imbalance o Warm and isolated environment to reduce risk of infection o _____________ can be done as soon as patient is stable

IV. Skin Cancer

• Risk Factors o ______________ (Older people) o _______________-skin o Excessive _________________________ o _______________ (family history) o Chemical exposure

• When to see your doctor: o If you have any of the _________________________, are ____________,

or have a family history of skin cancer • Cancer Vocabulary

o ____________ – abnormal division of a cell that has undergone a DNA mutation o ____________ – mass of mutated cells o __________________   - the spread of cancer cells from one part of the body

to another

Unit 3: Integumentary System A&P Chapter 5

• Two Categories of Skin Cancer: o Non-Melanoma–

§ Includes Basal cell carcinoma and Squamous cell carcinoma o Melanoma

• ______________________ Carcinoma

o _________________________ skin cancer o Occurs – in __________-exposed areas o Appearance – pearly or waxy _____________ or a flat,

flesh-colored or brown __________________________ o Treatment – cryosurgery, surgical removal o 95% of patients easily cured, but it may come back

• _________________________ Carcinoma

o Five times less common than basal cell carcinoma, but more likely to _____________________________

o Occurs – on sun-exposed areas   o Appearance – firm, _____________________ or a

___________________ with a scaly, crusted surface o Treatment – cryosurgery, surgical removal, medication

• ____________________

o Most ____________________ skin cancer because it can ______________________ (spread) and lead to _________________

o Occurs – _________________ on body’s skin o Appearance – ___________________________

with darker speckles or a ______________ that changes in color, size or bleeds

§ Men – on trunk, head or neck § Women – lower legs

o Treatment – surgical removal, radiation, chemotherapy

Learning Goals: 1) Explain why acne occurs, including its causes. 2) Describe MRSA and predict why people in hospitals are susceptible. 3) Compare and contrast the 3 degrees of skin burns, including what layer of skin is

affected and the potential complications of burns. 4) Describe the risk factors for skin cancer and compare and contrast the 3 types of skin

cancer.