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Integration of wind farms intoIntegration of wind farms intoIndian transmission systemIndian transmission system
Ram Gopal VarmaChandan KumarDept. Of Electrical Engineering IT-BHU,Varanasi
1October 26,2009
Wind Systems in IndiaWind Systems in India� 5th largest wind power capacity of 9587.14
MW.
� Accounts to 6.2% of installed power capacityand 2% of generated power.and 2% of generated power.
� Average growth rate per year of 27%.
� Estimated to be 15600 MW by 2012.
� Most of them are off-grid Systems.
2October 26,2009
Necessity of IntegrationNecessity of Integration
� With increasing Energy Demand andconstraints on fossil fuels, renewablesources have to be used.
Integration into the grid is a necessary� Integration into the grid is a necessaryprocess for efficient use of renewablesources.
� Geographical dispersion of wind systemswill quantify their intermittent output.
3October 26,2009
Grid Network SystemsGrid Network Systems
� Supply power in close balance to demandmanaging fluctuations and breakdowns.
� Operational reserves like spinningreserves ensure that the plant copes upreserves ensure that the plant copes upwith fluctuations.
� Though aggregation smoothens variationsbut the overall load varies with powerneeds.
4October 26,2009
ChallengesChallenges
� Additional short-term reserves will beneeded to guarantee the security of thesystem.
� Capacity credit of wind energy is very low.
� At lower demand levels plants areconstrained off leading to increase in costthe renewable energy.
5October 26,2009
ChallengesChallenges……
6October 26,2009
General Remedial StrategiesGeneral Remedial Strategies� Operators need not rely on the full rated
power.
� Remaining part can be used as short termreserve instead of spinning reserve.reserve instead of spinning reserve.
� Better wind forecasting techniques need tobe developed.
� Transmission system planning methods haveto be refined.
7October 26,2009
Intraday MarketsIntraday Markets
� Short time forecasts have to supplementthe day ahead forecasts.
8October 26,2009
Storage TechnologiesStorage Technologies� Wind power is always combined with
suitable storage technology.
� This makes it a virtual conventional powerplant.plant.
� Most suited technology for this purpose isthe Compressed Air Energy Storage(CAES)method.
� Tested and commercially available .
9October 26,2009
ConclusionConclusion� Integration into the grid is compulsory to ensure
ongoing increase in wind power.
� Substantial strain and control reserve are majorchallenges.
� Proper use of intraday markets is more economical.
� CAES is a suitable utility.
� Research has to be done short-term load fore castingtechniques.
10October 26,2009
AcknowledgmentAcknowledgment
� We thank IET Delhi Network for giving usthis opportunity to present our ideas.
� We thank Dr. S. N. Mahendra , HOD(Electrical Engineering ),IT-BHU for hisconstant support and kind guidance.
11October 26,2009
12October 26,2009