FIGHTING DRUG-RESISTANT MALARIA

NSEI 1.1 WARM-UPInterns access the Futura Workspace through the provided link and read the Welcome

Message. (5 min)

Read about your new internship. Follow the instructions

on the student screen to navigate to the Futura Workspace

and access the Welcome to Futura! message in your inbox,

and read about your new internship.

NSEI 1.3 HOMEWORK

After-Hours Work: Interns read and annotate the Request for Proposals (RFP).

Select NEXT to submit your annotations

NSEI 1.2 READING ABOUT MALARIA

Begin your research in the Dossier – Chapter 2 (10 minutes)

Interns watch an introductory video and discuss what it means to be a biomedical engineer.

(10 min)

Interns, you will be

completing a biomedical

engineering project with

a company called Futura.

You will receive a

message from Ken Tapaha

(Ta - PA - ha) every day.

NSEI INTRODUCING FUTURA

NSEI INTRODUCING FUTURA

Let’s Discuss Engineering!

• What do you already know about the work engineers do?

• Where have you heard the word engineer before?

• What kind of work do engineers do?

Engineers often use math and science to create and design

structures, machines, and everyday objects that help people.

NSEI INTRODUCING FUTURA

What about biomedical engineers? What do you think they do?

• Prosthetics, such as artificial limbs or heart valves

• Systems to monitor body chemistry

• Biomedical electronics, such as surgical robots or the laser system for eye surgery

• Implanted devices, such as insulin pumps, pacemakers and artificial organs

• Physical therapy devices, such as exercise equipment and wearable tech

• Imaging methods (e.g., ultrasound, X-rays, and MRIs)

• Strategies for improved genetic testing

• Development of new drugs and ways to administer drugs (e.g., needle patch)

NSEI INTRODUCING FUTURA

Play Video - Welcome to Futura. The video will explain your engineering design task.

NSEI INTRODUCING FUTURA

Let’s debrief the video.

Share something you have learned or a question you

have about the internship after watching the video.

Your internship project is to create a drug treatment

plan for the Global Health Organization that will help

control drug resistance in malaria parasites.

The internship is fictional.

Futura Engineering and the employees you will meet are fictional, but the work you will

do is very similar to that of real professional engineers.

Professionals-in-training often participate in simulations such as this to practice the

skills needed for the job before being given a real assignment.

Global Health Organization

NSEI INTRODUCING FUTURA

Project roles:

• Ken Tapaha the project director: Ken will give instructions and deadlines. He will

also be in charge of determining whether work is up to Futura Engineering

standards and whether interns are ready to move on to the next phase of the

project.

• Students as interns: As new biomedical engineering interns, you will use what you

have learned in the Natural Selection unit to solve a real and important problem.

You will follow directions from the project director as you plan and test your

designs, and apply what you learn about malaria treatments and engineering

practices.

• Teacher as the internship coordinator: The internship coordinator will

communicate with the project director about interns' progress, answer interns'

questions, and help guide interns through the project.

NSEI INTRODUCING FUTURA

Research phase. During this first phase, interns seek out information to better

understand the problem you are trying to solve: reducing the malaria parasite

population in a region and minimizing their traits for resistance to drug treatments.

Design phase. During this phase, interns apply the research you did toward planning,

building, testing, and analyzing your malaria drug treatment design.

Proposal phase. In this phase, interns write a proposal, describing evidence from the

research and tests of how the malaria drug treatment design addresses the project

criteria.

NSEI INTRODUCING FUTURA

Criteria are the

things that you

must consider, or

think about, and

test to evaluate

whether your

design or project

is successful.

NSEI INTRODUCING FUTURA

Review criteria using Dossier: "Request

for Proposals, located in library .

Let’s discuss the 3 criteria!

1. Minimize the percentage of the

malaria population with high drug

resistance:

• The longer a drug treatment is

effective without showing traits of

drug resistance, the more likely it is

to continue to cure patients and save

lives.

NSEI INTRODUCING FUTURA

Review criteria using Dossier: "Request

for Proposals, located in library .

Let’s discuss the 3 criteria!

2. Minimize patient side effects:

• keeping patients comfortable makes

them more likely to finish their

treatments.

• Minimize means to be as low or

small as possible while maximize

means to be as high or as large/long

as possible.

NSEI INTRODUCING FUTURA

Review criteria using Dossier: "Request

for Proposals, located in library .

Let’s discuss the 3 criteria!

3. Keep treatment costs low: malaria

treatments must be affordable in order

to treat as many patients, especially

children, as possible.

In addition, the malaria treatments you

design must not result in an increase to

the malaria parasite population.

NSEI 1.2 READING ABOUT MALARIA

Interns use Active Reading to learn more about malaria by annotating and discussing Chapter

2 of the Dossier. (20 min)

Introducing Futura Workspace.

You will use this Workspace

throughout the internship…

• receive daily messages from the

project director,

• record notes on project

information, and

• submit work to the project director

through forms found in the

Workspace.

NSEI 1.2 READING ABOUT MALARIA

ITEMS TO BE AWARE OF:

• The inbox has an icon for messages.

• You will see new icons for notes and forms

later in this internship.

• The icon you use to access the Design Tool.

• Some messages will have a quick link to

open the Dossier, but you can also open

the Dossier by going to the Amplify Library

from the Global Navigation Menu in

Amplify Science or by selecting the Dossier

in the Digital Resources in the Lesson Brief.

• The Dossier and the Design Tool are the

two main sources you will use to complete

your background research, starting today.

NSEI 1.2 READING ABOUT MALARIA

Futura Biomedical Engineer's Dossier

You will begin research on malaria by

reading portions of their Futura

Biomedical Engineer's Dossier.

A dossier (DAW-see-ay) is a term

professionals sometimes use for a set

of related documents, including all of

your project details.

Your Dossier includes the background

information you need to complete this

Engineering Internship.

Use the Table of Contents (open book) to navigate the

other chapters in the dossier.

NSEI 1.2 READING ABOUT MALARIA

Use the glossary

and vocabulary

reveal feature of

the Dossier.

If you need more

support with the

engineering and

project terms confer

with your colleagues

and look at the

glossary.

Researching and

collaborating are

important practices

for engineers.

Click on highlighted vocabulary in Dossier

NSEI 1.2 READING ABOUT MALARIA

Active Reading strategy and

guidelines.

It is essential that you understand the

disease malaria (Reading Chapter 2).

Engineers read like scientists: reading

multiple times, taking notes, and asking

critical questions. As engineering

interns, you should practice these

skills, just as you have been doing in

science class by using Active Reading.

Before we begin, let's check in about a

couple of vocabulary terms.

NSEI 1.2 READING ABOUT MALARIA

You will be reading the word - “malaria” and “parasite” - many times in your Dossier.

Do you know of any familiar

parasites?

- Tapeworms, fleas

NSEI 1.2 READING ABOUT MALARIA

Use the Table of Contents to navigate to Chapter 2: "Basic Facts About Malaria."

Look at the questions to focus on while you read the text and make annotations that

help you answer the following questions:

• What is malaria?

• Why is it such a problem in the world?

Make annotations on any questions and

connections you make.

NSEI 1.2 READING ABOUT MALARIA

Begin your research in the Dossier – Chapter 2 (10 minutes)

NSEI 1.2 READING ABOUT MALARIA

Share your annotations and discuss the reading with a colleague.

NSEI 1.2 READING ABOUT MALARIA

Let’s Summarize The Key Points

Malaria is an illness in humans caused by microscopic

parasites called Plasmodium.

Malaria parasites are carried by mosquitoes from

person to person.

There are important ways to prevent malaria that don't

require the use of drugs, such as using insect

repellents or sleeping under mosquito nets.

Some populations of malaria parasites are becoming

resistant to certain antimalarial drugs due to natural

selection.

NSEI 1.2 READING ABOUT MALARIA

You can use the Dossier for reference at any time.

• Expect to read sections of it several times during your

internship.

• Just like scientists and engineers do, you will be reading it

multiple times for understanding.

Remember to submit

your annotations.

After-hours assignment.

• You will also be reading and annotating Chapter 1:

"Request for Proposals" (RFP) as part of your

research.

NSEI EXPLORING MALARIAMED

Interns freely explore the Design Tool and discuss its features. (10 min)

Let’s discuss the purpose of models in engineering.

• In order to work on this problem, Futura has designed a tool that allows interns to design

and test several drug treatment strategies to help minimize drug resistance.

• Interns will use the Design Tool, which is a digital model of a population of malaria parasites.

• In the model you can test various selection pressures in the form of antimalarial drugs.

Why do engineers use models in their work?

• To learn more about processes that would be difficult to test in real life because they

are too complicated, too far away, too small, or too large to see with the eye; too

dangerous or risky to test on humans; or take too long to test in real time.

Let’s review different types of models.

• 3-D physical models, diagrams, and digital simulations (like MalariaMed).

• All represent something complex that becomes easier to study through a model.

NSEI EXPLORING MALARIAMED

MalariaMed. a model for testing drug resistance in a

population of malaria parasites.

How can you use this

tool to develop a

treatment for malaria?

Explore the Design Tool on your devices (2-3 minutes)

You will be

using this tool

over the next

few days as

you continue

your research

and eventually

test designs to

address the

project criteria.

NSEI EXPLORING MALARIAMED

MalariaMed. a model for testing drug resistance in a

population of malaria parasites.

Discuss your

observations

with a

colleague.

• Share what

you noticed or

found

interesting

during your

exploration.

NSEI EXPLORING MALARIAMED

MalariaMed. a model for testing drug resistance in a

population of malaria parasites.

You will be exploring MalariaMed in depth over the next few days.

What did you initially noticed about the Design Tool?

• Each day of malaria treatment can have one drug of only one dose size

• There is a minimum 1-day treatment, maximum 7-days treatment

• Test shows final results related to the project criteria: including the percentage of malaria

population with high resistance to each drug after 10 years of using this treatment with all malaria

patients, the patient side effects, and total cost for 1000 treatments, as well as reports about

whether the size of the Total Parasite Population decreased, increased, or did not change

• Histograms show how many parasites in the population have each trait for resistance to each

drug: none, some, high

• The percent toggle shows/hides what percentage of the malaria parasite population has each trait

• The time slider explores how the number of individuals with each trait changes each year

NSEI 1.3 HOMEWORK

After-Hours Work: Interns read and annotate the Request for Proposals (RFP).

Select NEXT to submit your annotations