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Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
INTRODUCTION
Now a days, India is the country which having world’s largest
railway network. Over hundreds of railways running on track every day. As
r a i l w a y h a s s t r a i g h t w a y r u n n i n g a s w e l l a s i t h a s s o m e w h a t
r i s k y a n d dangerous as per as general public and traffic concern. As we know
that it is surely impossible to stop the running train at instant is some critical
situation or emergency arises. Therefore at the places of traffic density, suburban
areas a n d c r o s s i n g s t h e r e i s s e v e r e n e e d t o i n s t a l l a r a i l w a y
g a t e i n v i e w o f protec t ion purpose . Obviously a t each and eve ry
ga te the re must be an attendant to operate and maintain it. In view of that, if
we calculate the places of railway crossings and such places where it would to be
install and overall expenditure, the graph arises and arises at the extent. But,
India, our country is a progressive country. It has already enough
economical problems which are ever been unsolved. So, to avoid all these things
some sort of automatic and independent system comes in picture. Now a day’s
automatic system occupies each and every sector of applications as it is reliable,
accurate and no need to pay high attention. So, keeping all these things and aspects
and need of such system our project batch tries to make such type of system
with the help of various electrical, electronic and mechanical
components. The thorough and detail information as per as construction
and working is concerned, it is discussed fatherly.
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
HOW IT WORKS
GPS satellites circle the earth twice a day in a very precise orbit and transmit
signal information to earth. GPS receivers take this information and use
triangulation to calculate the train’s exact location. Essentially, the GPS receiver
compares the time a signal was transmitted by a satellite with the time it was
received. The time difference tells the GPS receiver how far away the train. Now,
with distance measurements from a few more GPS, the receiver can determine the
train’s position and display it on the gates.
GPS receiver must be locked on to the signal of at least three satellites to calculate
a 2D position (latitude and longitude) and track movement. With four or more
satellites in view, the receiver can determine the train’s 3D position (latitude,
longitude and altitude). Once the train’s position has been determined, the GPS
unit can calculate other information, such as speed, bearing, track, trip distance,
distance to destination, time and more.
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
COMPONENTS OF THE SYSTEM
We strongly believe that the correct combination of latest information and
communication technologies can provide an effective and feasible solution for the
requirement of a reliable and accurate train tracking system to improve the
efficiency and productivity of Railways. The solution we propose encompasses a
powerful combination of mobile computing, Global System for Mobile
Communication (GSM), Global Positioning System (GPS), Geographical
Information System (GIS) technologies and software to provide an intelligent train
tracking and management system to improve the existing railway transport service.
All these technologies are seamlessly integrated to build a robust, scalable
architecture as illustrated in Fig.
The fundamental process in our system is obtaining train location using GPS
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
technology and transmitting the data via GSM network to the central control unit
for data processing and to the gate information analysis and then to control the
gate. Real- time positioning information received by the server is made meaningful
and extremely useful for the end user through integration of GIS technology where
the end user can better organize and Utilize information from a graphical view
point. Our system consists of 3 main modules.
• The portable hardware unit (GPS/GSM train locator unit)
• Central server which handles receiving information from train locators and
concurrent user requests
• Graphical User Interface (GUI) to provide services to our stakeholders
GPS(Global Positioning System)
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based satellite
navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather
conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of
sight to four or more GPS satellites. The system provides critical capabilities to
military, civil and commercial users around the world. It is maintained by
the United States government and is freely accessible to anyone with a GPS
receiver.
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
The GPS project was developed in 1973 to overcome the limitations of
previous navigation systems,[1] integrating ideas from several predecessors,
including a number of classified engineering design studies from the 1960s. GPS
was created and realized by the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) and was
originally run with 24 satellites. It became fully operational in 1994. Roger L.
Easton is generally credited as its inventor.
Advances in technology and new demands on the existing system have now
led to efforts to modernize the GPS system and implement the next generation of
GPS III satellites and Next Generation Operational Control System
(OCX). Announcements from the Vice President and the White House in 1998
initiated these changes. In 2000, U.S. Congress authorized the modernization
effort, referred to as GPS.
In addition to GPS, other systems are in use or under development. The
Russian Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) was developed
contemporaneously with GPS, but suffered from incomplete coverage of the globe
until the mid-2000s. There are also the planned European Union Galileo
positioning system, Chinese Compass navigation system, and Indian Regional
Navigational Satellite System.
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
GSM ( Global System for Mobile Communications)
GSM is a cellular network, which means that cell phones connect to it by
searching for cells in the immediate vicinity. There are five different cell sizes in a
GSM network—macro, micro, Pico, femto and umbrella cells. The coverage area
of each cell varies according to the implementation environment. Macro cells can
be regarded as cells where the station antenna is installed on a mast or a building
above average roof top level. Micro cells are cells whose antenna height is under
average roof top level; they are typically used in urban areas. Pico cells are small
cells whose coverage diameter is a few dozen meters; they are mainly used
indoors. Femto cells are cells designed for use in residential or small business
environments and connect to the service provider’s network via a broadband
internet connection. Umbrella cells are used to cover shadowed regions of smaller
cells and fill in gaps in coverage between those cells.
Cell horizontal radius varies depending on antenna height, antenna gain and
propagation conditions from a couple of hundred meters to several tens of
kilometers. The longest distance the GSM specification supports in practical use is
35 kilometers (22 mi). There are also several implementations of the concept of an
extended cell, where the cell radius could be double or even more, depending on
the antenna system, the type of terrain and the timing advance.
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
Indoor coverage is also supported by GSM and may be achieved by using an
indoor Pico cell base station, or an indoor repeater with distributed indoor antennas
fed through power splitters, to deliver the radio signals from an antenna outdoors
to the separate indoor distributed antenna system. These are typically deployed
when a lot of call capacity is needed indoors; for example, in shopping centers or
airports. However, this is not a prerequisite, since indoor coverage is also provided
by in-building penetration of the radio signals from any nearby cell.
(GIS) Geographic information system
Geographic information system (GIS) is a system designed to capture,
store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographical data.
The acronym GIS is sometimes used for geographical information
science or geospatial information studies to refer to the academic discipline or
career of working with geographic information systems.[1] In the simplest terms,
GIS is the merging of cartography, statistical analysis, and database technology.
A GIS can be thought of as a system—it digitally creates and "manipulates" spatial
areas that may be jurisdictional, purpose, or application-oriented. Generally, a GIS
is custom-designed for an organization. Hence, a GIS developed for an application,
jurisdiction, enterprise, or purpose may not be necessarily interoperable or
compatible with a GIS that has been developed for some other application,
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
jurisdiction, enterprise, or purpose. What goes beyond a GIS is a spatial data
infrastructure, a concept that has no such restrictive boundaries.
In a general sense, the term describes any information system that integrates
stores, edits, analyzes, shares, and displays geographic information for
informing decision making. GIS applications are tools that allow users to create
interactive queries (user-created searches), analyze spatial information, edit data in
maps, and present the results of all these operations. Geographic information
science is the science underlying geographic concepts, applications, and systems.
The train locator unit planted in the train is designed and implemented, considering
the cost factor, size of the module, durability and low power consumption. The
power supply unit of the module is a main factor which decides the feasibility of
the unit, as it should sustain a seamless supply of electricity at a low voltage for the
locator module to function properly. The GPS receiver of the unit is capable of
identifying the latitudinal and longitudinal position and ground speed of the
specific train by receiving information from the GPS satellites. The position data is
periodically sent to the central server through the GSM transmitter of the module.
The device is capable of storing data in a buffer at a time of GSM connectivity
failure, and can synchronize with the remote server when GSM is back online. The
device can also respond to commands and data calls from the remote server as per
administrative requirements of the train controllers. We have chosen GSM as the
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
communication medium between the train locator and the central server to improve
availability of our system by utilizing the existing GSM network which covers the
whole country. The use of GSM over GPRS significantly improves the feasibility
and availability of our system. Despite the high mobile penetration and number of
mobile telecom service providers (GSM) covering the island, GPRS usage and the
coverage is poor in many rural parts of Sri Lanka. Thus, selection of GSM over
GPRS data communication is feasible and enables island wide service
provisioning. The competition between the GSM service providers has also lead to
high quality GSM services at fair rates. The central control system includes a
server for handling and processing all the position information received from train
locators via the GSM network. The server automatically updates the database with
latest position, speed and direction information of each train. The server carries out
information processing and analyzing in order to cater for different requirements of
the users of our system. The main stakeholders of our system are the railway
administrators (Railway Department), locomotive drivers and the train commuters.
Our main objective is to be instrumental in improving the efficiency and
effectiveness of Sri Lanka Railway services by fulfilling the fundamental
requirement of reliable and real time information of train positioning for
monitoring and administration purposes by the Railway Department.
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
WORKING PROCEDURE
The end user of our system is offered with an easy to use graphical user
interface for information analysis and administration tasks. The web based access
and extensible mobile access to our software is designed to be intuitive for the end
user to maximize the effectiveness and efficiency of our system. We have
incorporated GIS techniques to provide location specific data organized in layers
so the end user can better apprehend the information provided by the system.
Satellite images providing visual positioning can serve as a very good background
when used in conjunction with map data specifying the location. Our system
essentially provides functionality for the railway administrator to monitor the
progress of a particular train or a group of trains operating in a geographical area.
The user can search and locate trains by the train ID, train name, current location
or nearest station etc. Information such as train speed, direction can also be given
along with real time train positioning data. The train control and management
process includes management of heavy traffic of passenger and freight trains,
which operates in complex running patterns on the railway network. The train
controller needs to ensure that passenger trains are adhering to the schedules as
well to find efficient routes for unscheduled freight trains. Recording the train
movements, arrival/departure at railway stations, fuel status, railway track
conditions, and passenger information is a tedious task for the train controllers and
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
would be time consuming if done manually. The accuracy of this information is
very important to ensure smooth functioning of the railway service as well as to
optimize resource planning. For example at a point of a railway-track failure or an
accident, train controller should be able to decide on how to utilize existing
resources and efficient alternative routes to ensure system availability of the
railway service in that region. Thus our train tracking system can be enhanced to
automate the train control and management process of the Railway Department in
order to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the railway services provided.
Following is a list of facilities that can be offered by our system to automate the
train control and management process.
• Automatic record keeping of train operations and events
• Functionality to generate time-distance graph for trains which can be used to
control and plan the train movements
• Facility to generate user defined reports and graphs on train movements, arrival-
departure at each station, schedule adherence etc.
• Facility to playback the progress of each train and events for review purposes
• Automated schedule regulation
• Forecasting functionality on train arrival-departure at different stations
• Automatic detection of over speeding, non-adherence to traffic regulations, rail-
track failures, train delays etc.
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
• Facility to send alerts/warnings to particular train drivers on possible collisions,
derailment through the system
• Automatic rail crossing control
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
FUNCTIONLFAETURES
By automating the process of record keeping of train traveling, the load of
paper work on the train controller is dramatically reduced. This would also ensure
accuracy and integrity of the data eliminating human error when documentation is
done manually. A single entry point of data ensures there’s no ambiguity of the
data recorded in the system. The logged data on arrival-departure time at different
stations, number of passengers onboard, freight details, signaling and fuel status at
different stations, are instrumental for railway administration when evaluating
performance of trains and locomotive drivers. Graphical representation of these
data with ability to compare with historical data will be instrumental for the
administration to take effective decisions. Various user defined reports on train
activities, driver performance, and passenger and freight information also support
timely and accurate decision making by the administration. Time-distance graph is
vital for the train traffic regulation process. The graph gives the user a wholesome
view of the train circulation, railway infrastructure state in different regions and
enables the user to detect abnormal conditions and conflicts. The graph is useful
for the train operator to identify traffic problems in advance and take precautions to
resolve the problems. Data mining is a method of extracting patterns from data [3].
The use of advance data mining techniques combined with complex algorithms
such as neural networks, genetic algorithms and rule induction can be instrumental
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
in identifying hidden patterns from enormous amount of data. Spatial data mining
technique combines data mining with GIS to find patterns in spatial data, which
could be a powerful tool for applications using geographical information such as
our system. With the huge amount of data pertaining to train operations collected
daily, process of information analysis using conventional methods would be a
difficult task. Hence, the use of spatial data mining techniques would drastically
improve the productivity and effectiveness of the train control and management
process carried out through our system. Facility to playback past activities on the
railway, enables the user to review and analyze operational situations in the past.
Data mining operations can be used effectively in combination with the playback
function to identify sequential patterns of particular activities and their impact on
the railway traffic. For example, at an unfortunate incident of a train collision, train
controllers can use the playback feature combined with the data mining techniques
to analyze and identify the sequence of activities which resulted in that accident.
With that knowledge, railway administrators can take necessary precautions and
trigger alerting mechanisms to avoid such unfortunate accidents in future, making
the railway transportation much safer. Improving safety and availability of railway
transport service requires detection and triggering of alerting mechanisms to avoid
possible train collisions and other forms of adverse incidents. Constant monitoring
of train location, speed, traffic conditions, rail-track conditions and adherence to
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
traffic regulations helps the train controllers to detect potential collisions and
derailments. A proper alerting framework is vital in order to avoid such adverse
incidents by alerting the locomotive drivers in advance. Our system facilitates a
comprehensive alerting mechanism by enabling the train controllers to send alerts/
notifications to locomotive drivers via GSM connection. The hardware unit planted
in the train can be enhanced to prompt the alerts to the driver in graphical and
audible forms. A LED display unit and an alarm bell to signal adverse conditions
can be integrated with the hardware unit to provide a complete alerting framework.
The unit can be further enhanced to support voice communication between train
controllers and locomotive drivers in order to provide guidance and important
messages to the particular driver. This would also enable locomotive drivers to
contact the control unit at a state of emergency.
Furthermore the system can be incorporated to significantly improve safety
at railway and road intersection points. Over the years, many road accidents have
occurred at railway crossings imposing a critical safety threat to both train
commuters and passengers in vehicles. Such accidents are caused mainly by the
unreliability of the safety mechanisms such as blocking arms and signal lights used
at the crossing point. Thus our system can be extended to improve the reliability of
such safety mechanisms by synchronizing the railway crossing control process
with the incoming train’s position. We can provide accurate real time information
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
on train position, speed and length of the train to synchronize the functions of rail
crossing with the train movements.
The productivity of the service can be significantly improved by providing
accurate predictions on approaching train at the rail-road crossing and displaying
amount of remaining time to clear the crossing from train traffic. Alarm triggers to
alert road vehicles approaching too close to the rail-road crossing at a point of train
approaching, can also be incorporated to improve the effectiveness of our solution.
Thus the system is instrumental in improving safety of both railway passengers and
people crossing rail-road cross points.
Integrating an intelligent forecasting mechanism on arrival-departure time at
different railway stations can further enhance the efficiency and productivity of our
system. Train schedule is inevitably subject to train delays which can occur due to
various reasons such as excessive train load, rail track failures, train traffic, adverse
weather conditions etc. A number of operational parameters such as railway traffic,
train priority, efficient routes, and railway infrastructure conditions have to be
taken into consideration to accurately forecast train arrival time at various stations.
Here also data mining with other complex algorithms can be instrumental to
provide accurate forecasting on train arrival-departure at stations. The train
schedule regulations are automatically updated and stakeholders can be notified.
One of the main purposes of our system is to facilitate accurate public information
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
distribution with regard to railway services and operations. Thus, our system can
be incorporated to design and implement innovative Passenger Information
Systems (PIS) based on real time information of train positions. LED-Display
panels put up at railway stations can display arrival departure time of each train
enabling the public user to make informed decisions on their journeys. Route
number, destination of the arriving vehicle and waiting time can be displayed with
real time information. With accurate forecasting of train arrival-departure at
stations, Railway Department can improve the loyal customer base and also attract
new passengers to railway transport service by winning their trust and reducing
user uncertainty of using public transport facilities.
The user experience can be further enhanced by introducing information
Kiosks which can provide information to travelers in an intuitive and interactive
manner to make informed decisions on selecting train routes and departure time.
The interactive kiosk can be used to obtain travel information such as alternate
routes to specified destination, route details on the railway map and latest
information on train schedules etc. As a marketing strategy, information regarding
the particular city, culture and commercial activities can also be provided to the
user through the kiosk. Another extension of the PIS system is delivering real time
train information to handheld devices such as mobile phones and PDAs. With the
increasing interest on mobile applications, access to latest train schedule
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
information via mobile connection can be influential for improving customer base
of the railway service. Easy to use mobile applications can be designed and
implemented to enable train commuters to easily subscribe to our service and
obtain latest train schedule information via mobile devices. Reliability and
customer loyalty of the railway services can be significantly improved by taking
such action to improve accurate public information distribution of the current
status of railway services.
The GPS satellite system
The 24 satellites that make up the GPS space segment are orbiting the earth
about 12,000 miles above us. They are constantly moving, making two complete
orbits in less than 24 hours. These satellites are travelling at speeds of roughly
7,000 miles an hour.GPS satellites are powered by solar energy. They have backup
batteries onboard to keep them running in the event of a solar eclipse, when there’s
no solar power. Small rocket boosters on each satellite keep them flying in the
correct path.
Here are some other interesting facts about the GPS satellites (also called
NAVSTAR, the official U.S. Department of Defense name for GPS) The first GPS
satellite was launched in 1978.
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
GPS interface (SR-86):
GPS module used is SR-86 which operate at 4800 baud rate. It continuously
Receives the co-ordinates from three orbiting satellite.
CRITERIA FOR CHOOSING GPS
1. The first & foremost criterion in choosing a GPS is that it must meet the task at
hand efficiently & cost effectively. GPS can best handle the computing needs of
the task most effectively. Among other considerations in the category are:
Speed: measurement today is to consider a series of “trackpoints” that
record position estimates (latitude and longitude) determined by theGPS
at regular time intervals.
Accuracy: The GPS receiver uses a slightly different approach. It measures
its distance from the satellites and uses this information to compute a fix.
Well it really measures the length of time the signal takes to arrive at your
location and then based on knowing that the signal moves at the speed of
light it can compute the distance based on the travel time. However, unlike
the known sites of the olden days, these sites are moving. The solution to
this problem is to have the satellite itself send enough information to
calculate its current location relative to your receiver. Now, armed with the
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
satellite location and the distance from the satellite we can expect that we are
somewhere on a sphere that is described by the radius (distance) and
centered at the satellite location.
Power consumption: It uses solar cell for its working.Most GPS devices
come with a rechargeable internal battery that lasts around 8 hours. The GPS
will also come with a car adapter for charging or a wall adaptor that you can
use to charge the GPS from any standard electrical source. Lots of people
leave their GPS plugged into the car adaptor and never really utilize the
battery.
Low cost: The first thing you need to consider is the device portability.
Modern day GPS devices are not only good for driving on the road but also
for a lot of other very useful things, depending on the software installed on
it. This means that you will be taking the GPS along with you even if you
aren’t driving in your car. Therefore you should consider the size and
portability of the GPS if you will ever want to take it with you when you are
not driving. The vehicle GPS systems may be cheaper while being portable
than GPS systems that are permanently mounted on the car so this is
something that you will also want to consider. Another important aspect that
you should consider is how far away from home are you going to travel
using your GPS. For example if you are going to travel to the farthest
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
corners of the country or even outside of India then you may want to get a
device that comes with a better collection of maps and which has a wide
array of directional features. This way if you are in a location you are
unfamiliar with it will be easier for you if you have a high level of
functionality in your GPS device.
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
FEATURES
Single-chip, high-quality voice recording & play back solution
No external IC s required
Minimum external components
Non-volatile Flash memory technology
No battery backup required
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
COMPARISION WITH OTHER METHODES
It is More accurate when compared with other methodes. Because it
continuosly monitors the trains changing location.
By using the solar cells it can work for long time. And low power is used for
its working.
With the use of this the Human safety can be made more secure.
The cost of gps in India is low so the entirewsystem can be costless.
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
ADVANTAGES OF ATOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM
The need of automation is due to or advantages of automatic control
system are:
It results in economy of operation.
Eliminat ion of human er ror .
If frees human beings from mental tasks.
Saving in energy requi rements .
Quick response time
Fully Automatic system
Robust system, low power requirement
Less time delays.
DISADVANTAGES
If GPS slowdowns the total system slowdowns.
If the GSM system is out of coverage area that may result in failure of the
system.
In heavy traffic this cannot perform properly.
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
FUTURE SCOPE
Each and every project is never complete as new things are learned further
modifications can be done. There always remains an infinite scope of improvement
to a system design. It’s only the time and financial constraints that impose a limit
on the development. Following are the few enhancements that may add further
value to the system.
o Reduce transportation delay.
o If track break is detected then SMS is sent to the base station using
GSM module so that immediately taken.
o Using RFID automatic opening and closing of the gates can be
possible.
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
CONCLUSION
The idea of automating the process of railway gate operation in level
crossings has been undertaken. As the system is completely automated, it avoids
manual errors and thus provides ultimate safety to road users. By this mechanism,
presence of a gatekeeper is not necessary and automatic operation of the gate
through the motor action is achieved. GPS performs the complete operation i.e.,
sensing, gate closing and opening operation is done by software coding written for
the controller. The mechanism works on a simple principle and there is not much
of complexity needed in the circuit.
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
REFERENCE
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_of_steel
http://www.portlandtribune.com/news/story.php?
story_id=122350294579016400
http://www.pipstechnology.com/alpr/
http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2007/feb/15/epublic
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
ABSTRACT
The railroad industry’s own desire to maintain their ability to provide safe
and secure transport of their customers hazardous materials, has introduced new
challenges in rail security. Addressing these challenges is important, as railroads,
and the efficient delivery of their cargo, play a vital role in the economy of the
country. The present project is designed to satisfy the security needs of the
railways. This system provides the security in four ways: automatic gate
opening/closing system at track crossing, signaling for the train driver, tracking the
signals, and the track protection. The automatic gate opening/closing system is
provided with the Reflection sensors placed at a distance of few kilometers on the
both sides from the crossing road. These sensors give the train reaching and
leaving status to the embedded controller at the gate to which they are connected.
The controller operates (open/close) the gate as per the received signal from the
Reflection sensors. The train driver always observes the signals placed beside the
track. These signals are controlled from the control room. The green light denotes
that the track is free and red light denotes the track is busy or damaged. These
signals are controlled based on the train position which is sensed by using the GPS
system. The position of the train can be estimated by using the GPS system is
displayed on the control room to indicate the train position along the track.
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha
Seminar report 2013 Automatic railway gate control
Dept. Of Electronics 3 CAS, Thodupuzha