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Introduction to SAP BW
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Content
4. Common Object in SAP BW
2. Multi Dimensional Modeling in SAP BW
1. SAP BW Ovevie!
". Administato Wo#benc$
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4. Common Object in SAP BW
2. Multi Dimensional Modeling in SAP BW
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%aunc$ of t$e &'" Business A((lication Soft!ae1))2
1))"
1))*
1))+
1)),&elease of Business -nfomation Wae$ouse
BW/
&elease of -nfomation S0stems -S/ fo inancials3%ogistics3 uman &esouces and 5ecutive 5nvionment
O(en -nfomation Wae$ouse 6 t$e integation
fame!o# fo t$e diffeent -nfomation S0stems -S/
BAP-s enable "d (at0 (esentation toolsto access O-W data
277+ &elease of SAP 8etWeaveBusiness -ntelligence
1.1 R/3 Analytical Reporting Evolution
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%ogistics
SAP 6 &'"
Contolling inanceuman
&esouces
5nte(ise
Contolling
%ogistics
-S
Contolling
-Sinancial
-Suman &es.
-S
5nte(ise
-S
O(en -nfomation Wae$ouse
1.1 R/3 Analytical Reporting Evolution
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Pros
Standard structures delivered with the system Limited LAP capa!ilities and drill"down to transaction level and
documents
Security in Standard Analysis
E#ception reporting
Cons
Limited num!er o$ dimensions and
%se o$ many structures &or high volumes' impact per$ormance
Standard (n$ormation Structures not always usa!le
Level o$ e)ort to create and test (n$o Structures
Security in *le#i!le Analysis is wea+
1.1 R/3 Analytical Reporting Evolution
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1., - verview and Concepts
- is SAPs entry into the 0ata arehousing mar+et. (t isdesigned to provide corporate reporting and 0ataarehousing solutions $or SAP customers
- is an end"to"end data warehousing solution that usespree#isting SAP technologies.
- is part o$ the strategic initiatives o$ SAP "
ew 0imension Products and -usiness *ramewor+ - is SAPs answer to the limitations &product gaps' o$ the
prior R/3 reporting (n$ormation Systems
- is dynamic evolving product2 - ersion started $rom 1.,A and now the latest version is eteaver -( 4.56
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1.3 hat is 0ata arehousing 7
0ata arehouse can2
Pool data $rom di)erent8 mostly heterogenous sources vercome this heterogeneity on di)erent levels &system8 schema8 and data'
Stage data in the $orm re9uired !y the user
hat we e#pect $rom 0ata arehouse2
Standardi:ed structuring and presentation o$ all company in$ormation
An easy"to"use8 single"point o$ access to all company in$ormation
Sophisticated !usiness reporting methods $or sel$"service analysis at all levels
*ast and cost"e)ective installation
A high per$ormance environment
0ata staging $rom heterogeneous environment
Release o$ source systems and (; organi:ation
0ata access that is independent o$ the source system
Analysis o$ data over a speci
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1.3 hat is 0ata arehousing 7
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Differences between OLTP and OLAP
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1.3 hat is 0ata arehousing 7
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1.5 SAP -usiness arehouse Architecture
;he SAP - allows you to analy:e data $rom operational SAP
R/3 applications or any other !usiness application. =ou canalso e#tract and analy:e data $rom e#ternal sources.
;he system &data storage8 loading8 and reporting'8 which is
precon
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1.5 SAP -usiness arehouse Architecture
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1.> - Standard -usiness Content2
- Standard -usiness Content2 is delivered !y SAP
ne o$ the -?s strongest selling points is its -usiness
Content.
-usiness Content is a complete set o$ - o!@ects developed
!y SAP !ased on prede
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1.> - Standard -usiness Content2
- includes standard !usiness content $or R/3
*inancials and Controlling
Logistics &S08 8 PP'
Buman Resources
Asset anagement
Plant aintenance
Service anagement
uality anagement
Pro@ect Systems
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Supported R/3 Modules
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1.3 - Standard -usiness Content2
*inancials
Accounts Receiva!le Deneral Ledger
Controlling
Pro
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1.> - Standard -usiness Content2
SAPStategic
5nte(ise
Management
ManagementCoc#(it
SAP %ogistics
5ecution
S0stem
SAP B2B
Pocue6
ment
SAP Sales
SAP Ma#eting SAP Sevice
-nfo DB
SAP B-
SAP SCM
SAP C&M
SAP APO
BW
&uman&esouces
-inancialAcct.
COContolling
Audit
9a
9ec$
SDSales :Dist.MM
MateialsMgmt.PP
PoductionPlan
;M;ualit0Mgmt. PM
PlantMaint.
SMSeviceMgmt.
WMWae$ouseMgmt. PS
PojectS0stems. SAP r!"ects new a#icati!ns wi## acc!$nt f!r %!re t&an
30' !f its b$siness b( 2001)Forrester, Packaged Applications Strategies, vol 3 # 14, Nov 30, 1998
SAPs Strategy
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4. Common Object in SAP BW
2. Multi Dimensional Modeling in SAP BW
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,.1 Classic Star Schema
ulti"dimensional data models are needed $or the creation o$
data warehousing or LAP applications8 in other words8 $oranalytical applications. ;he classic star schema is the most
$re9uently used multi"dimensional model $or relational
data!ases. ;his data!ase schema classi
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,.1 Classic Star Schema
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,., SAP - Star Schema
;he multi"dimensional model in SAP BW is based on the SAP
BW star schema, which was developed as an enhanced(refned) star schema as a response to problems experienced
with the classic star schema.
(n the SAP BW- star schema, the distinction is made between
two sel-contained areas !no"#be
$aster %ata &ables'S#rroate !% (S!%-) &ables
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,., SAP - Star Schema
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,., SAP - Star Schema
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,., SAP - Star Schema
Info%u$esare the central o!@ects o$ the multi"dimensional model in
SAP -. Reports and analyses are !ased on these. *rom a reporting
perspective8 an (n$oCu!e descri!es a sel$"contained data set within a
!usiness area8 $or which you can de
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,., SAP - Star Schema
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Connecting aster 0ata ;a!les to an (n$o Cu!e
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,., SAP - Star Schema
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(n$o cu!e"(ndependent use o$ aster 0ata
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,., SAP - Star Schema
Ad&antages and Disad&antages of te %lassic Star
Sce"a Ad&antages* Data access runs perfor"antly due to te s"all nu"$er of -oin
operations (tere are only -oin operations $et)een te fact ta$les
and te in&ol&ed di"ension ta$les#'
Disad&antages*
Redundant entries e!ist in te di"ension ta$les
In contrast to te istori.ation of fact data (te ti"e reference is
gi&en i"plicitly &ia te ti"e di"ension ta$le# istori.ation of
di"ensions ( 0slo)ly canging di"ension1# is not easy to "odel'
+e "ulti2lingual capa$ility is cu"$erso"e'
Modeling so"e ierarcy types (parallel and i"$alanced ierarcies
for e!a"ple# in a di"ension can lead to ano"alies'
uery perfor"ance is also "ade )orse since aggregates and Basis
fact data are stored in te sa"e ta$le (fact ta$le#'
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,., SAP - Star Schema
Ad&antages of te SAP BW Star Schema
The use of automatically generated INT4 keys I (SID keys, DIID keys!
ena"les faster access to data than #ia long al$ha%numeric keys& Thanks to
the e'ca#ation of master data from the dimension ta"les using the SID
techniue, the follo)ing modeling $ossi"ilities e'ist *
+istoriing dimensions
ulti%lingual ca$a"ility
-ross%Info-u"e use of master data (. /shared dimensions0!
The uery $erformance is im$ro#ed here as aggregated key 1gures can
"e stored in their o)n fact ta"les&
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4. Object in SAP BW
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3. Administrator or+!ench
;he A- is the primary administration"8 control"8 and
monitoring tool in -8 and so is the data warehouse managero$ SAP -. =ou can use A- to manage8 control and monitor
all relevant o!@ects and processes in SAP -. As well as
de
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3. Administrator or+!ench
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3. Administrator or+!ench
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;code RSA4will ta+e us to modeling section o$ administration wor+!ench
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4. Common Object in SAP BW
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5.1 Common !@ect in SAP -
-elow is list o$ common o!@ect that used in SAP - 2 (n$o !@ect
Characteristic Fey *igure
(n$o !@ect Catalog %se to group the in$o o!@ect &same li+e $older'
(n$o Source ;rans$er rule ;rans$er structure
Communication Structure (n$o Area
%se to manage the o!@ect in SAP - &same li+e $older'
0ata Store !@ect &0S'
0etail level o$ 0ata Store li+e Gat ta!le in SAP
(n$o Cu!e
ulti 0imensional ;a!le %pdate Rule speci
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5.1 Common !@ect in SAP -
Det *amiliar with the icon in SAP -
Info Area is $older li+e. (t uses to manage all the component in SAP -.
Info 5$-ect %atalog. (t uses to manage the in$o o!@ect. (t is divided into ,types2 %aracteristic Info 5$-ect %atalog2 uses to store and manage all the
characteristic (n$o o!@ect 6ey 7igure Info 5$-ect %atalog2 %ses to store and manage all the +ey
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5.1 Common !@ect in SAP -
Det *amiliar with the icon in SAP - &Cont.'
Info Source is a 9uantity o$ in$ormation that logically !elongs together8summari:ed into a single unit. (t prepares consolidated data $or updating to the datatargets. (n$o Sources contain either transaction data or master data &attri!utes8 te#tsand hierarchies'.
+ransfer Structure is the structure in which the data is transported $rom thesource system into the SAP -usiness (n$ormation arehouse
%o""unication Structure is the structure underlying the (n$oSource
+ransfer Rule uses to determine how you want the trans$er structure
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5.1 Common !@ect in SAP -
(n$o !@ect
(n$o!@ects are the Hsmallest availa!le in$ormation modulesI &J
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5.1 Common !@ect in SAP -
(n$o!@ects are divided into the $ollowing classes &cont.'2 "haracteristic
Characteristic (n$o!@ects are !usiness re$erence o!@ects8 which are used to analy:e +ey
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5.1 Common !@ect in SAP -
(n$o!@ects are divided into the $ollowing classes &cont.'2 +ecnical %aracteristics
;hese characteristics have an organi:atorial $unction within SAP BW.
E#amples2 Re9uest (0 &6RE%(0' Change (0 &6CBD(0'
(n$o!@ect 6RE%(0 delivers the num!ers the system allocates when loading
re9uestsK (n$o!@ect 6CBD(0 delivers the num!ers allocated during
aggregate change runs.
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5.1 Common !@ect in SAP -
(n$o Provider
An (n$oProvider is an o!@ect $or which 9ueries can !e created or e#ecuted in -E#.
(n$oProviders are physical o!@ects or sometimes logical viewsM that are relevant
$or reporting.
(n$oCu!es
(n$oCu!es are the primary o!@ects used to support -( 9ueries. ;hey are designed to
store summari:ed and aggregated data8 $or long periods o$ time. =our goal indesigning a warehouse is to ensure that most 9ueries initially target this type o$
data!ase o!@ect
0ataStore !@ect
0ataStore o!@ects are another primary physical data!ase storage o!@ect used in -(.
;hey are designed to store very detailed &transaction level' records.
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5., (ntegration o$ (n$o Provider in SAP -
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5.3 A-AP use
A-AP use $or - $ocus $rom report creation to datapreparation and preprocessing $unctions during E;L process
in -
Si# places during e#traction8 including creating custom0ataSources8 enhancing 0ataSources8 and data selection in(n$oPac+ages
Si# places during staging8 including currency/units o$ measureconversions8 trans$er routines8 and update rules
*our places during reporting8 including generating system"entered varia!les and the report/report inter$ace
Also used at pen Bu! Service trans$ormations8 !uildingauthori:ation values8 process chains8 and virtual (n$oCu!eswith services.
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5.3 A-AP use
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Any Questions ?