Ionic Bonding: A TutorialDebbie Pugliese

Terry Hafer

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Tutorial DirectionsUse the mouse button or the right

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Use the left arrow key in order to go back (except for on the quiz, in which there will be a button to push to go back).

Ionic Bonding…What is it?An ionic bond is a transfer of electrons from one

atom to another.That is, electrons are removed from one atom and

added to the other to create full and empty outer shells, following the octet rule.

Example:Na+1 + Cl-1 NaCl

Animation of Ionic Bonding

Click on video to play.

Why does Ionic bonding happen?Electronegativity values will decide whether or not the

bond is an ionic bond or a covalent bond.Electronegativity essentially is a measure of an element’s

tendency to attract electrons.If the electronegativity is greater than 1.67, then the

bond is ionic. If it is less than 1.67, it is covalent.A chart of the negativities can be found on the next slide.

**NOTE: The chart listed is just an example of an electronegativity chart. In the future, values will be taken from Mr. Wolfe’s electronegativity chart for examples and quiz questions.

Example 1KClChlorine has an electronegativity of 3.00 Potassium has an electronegativity of .843.00-.84 = 2.162.16 is greater than 1.67, and therefore the

bond is ionic.

Example 2NO2The electronegativity of Nitrogen is 2.81The electronegativity of Oxygen is 3.37The electronegativity difference is .56,

therefore the bond is covalent (because it is less than 1.67).

Note: electronegativity of Oxygen does not get doubled because there are two.

Example 3MgOMagnesium has an electronegativity of

1.2Oxygen has an electronegativity of 3.53.5-1.2 =2.3The electronegativity difference is

greater than 1.67, therefore the bond is ionic

Are you ready?

Click here to take the quiz Go back

DirectionsTo signify your answer, click the blue button

below the answer you believe to be correct.Have your electronegativity sheet handy. You

will need it to answer some of the questions.

Start the quiz!

Question 1True or False:

Ionic bonding is the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

True

False

Correct! Good Work!

Next Question

I’m sorry. Your answer is incorrect.

Remember: Ionic Bonding is the transfer of electrons

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Question 2NaFThe electronegativity of Sodium is .96The electronegativity of Fluorine is 4.00The electronegativity difference is 3.04Is the bond ionic or covalent?

Ionic Covalent

Question 3What is the electronegativity difference of

CaS2?

a. 3.90

b. -3.90

c. 1.44

d. -1.44

Question 4Is the bond of BaCl2 ionic or covalent?

Ionic Covalent

Question 5Is the bond of CO2 ionic or covalent?

Ionic

Covalent

I’m sorry, your answer is incorrect.

Remember, an ionic bond happens when the electronegativity difference is greater than

1.67, and if the electronegativity difference is less than 1.67, the bond is covalent.

Click here try again

I’m sorry. Your answer is incorrect.Remember: the electronegativity difference is the larger number minus the smaller one. It

should only be a positive number. The number should not be doubled if there are two of

them.

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I’m sorry. Your answer is incorrect.An ionic bond has an electronegativity

difference of greater than 1.67 whereas a covalent bond has an electronegativity

difference of less than 1.67.

Click here try again

I’m sorry. Your answer is incorrect.An ionic bond has an electronegativity

difference of greater than 1.67 whereas a covalent bond has an electronegativity

difference of less than 1.67.

Click here try again

Correct! Good Work!

Next Question!

Correct! Good Work!

Next Question!

Correct! Good Work!

Next Question!

Correct! Good Work!

Click Here!

Congratulations!You now have a better understanding of Ionic

Bonding. Good luck with your Chemistry studies.