5th October 2016
http://civil.iisc.ernet.in/~muddu
Sekhar Muddu Professor
Department of Civil Engineering &
Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Resources
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
Email: [email protected]
IoT Laboratory: Agrowater Project
Agriculture Sector:
Key Facts & what is needed? Indian Example
2
Opportunity in Agrowater theme
Irrigation efficiency – improvements to amount of application of water;
“More crop per drop” (PMKSY National program)
Irrigation scheduling – proper irrigation scheduling for improved crop yield and reduce
the nutrient requirement and also mitigate pollution.
Enhance Water Productivity (kg/m3)
& climate resilience.
Rice irrigated by canal system
Tank
Canal
Chak
Chak boundary
Embank-ment
Feeder channel
Catchment boundaryCatchment
area
Sluice gate and pipe
Surplus weir and escape channel
Chak outlet
Field plot
Open well/ borehole
Bore well
Banana with drip irrigation
3
Source: Kazuhiro Yoshida,
World Bank
4 Source: StartAndGrowth.com
Soil moisture & linkage to Crop Growth Moisture stress leads to poor growth of the crop & lower crop yields. Sensing the LAI & its forecast helps in water & nutrient inputs during the season plus for estimating projected crop yield.
Field Plot Expts - AMBHAS
www.ambhas.com 5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
150 175 200 225 250 275
Leaf
Are
a In
de
x(-)
Day of the Year
Simulated LAI 2011
Simulated LAI 2012
Observed LAI 2011
Observed LAI 2012
Sunflower 0
1
2
3
4
2011 2012
Yie
ld in
t/h
a
Year
2011 2012
Sunflower
Sunflower
Application 1: Variable Rate Irrigation
Information about local variability in vegetation index and canopy size (i.e using Crop as a sensor)
The irrigation requirements from evapotranspiration modeling can be coupled with a differential irrigation system and field sensor observations of Soil moisture, Canopy temperature, Nutrients
Predictive weather models to adjust irrigation schedule.
6
IBM Watson Research
Centre Model –
Applications in Napa
valley, California
Application 2: Smart Irrigation
Computer manages the irrigation of green houses with great precision based on the weather conditions of the exact moment of the day.
The computer manages water & fertilizer application – assess different fertilizer solutions with the irrigation water and controls the EC and pH levels.
7
Accenture solutions in
Asia (e.g Indonesia)
Sensors, IoT platform with cloud solutions for farmer agricultural water management solutions with decision support tool.
Robert Bosch – Global
solutions – Product
Team in India
IoT Lab @ IISc - Framework
Pardossi et al., 2009
Tools & products for Bigdata & IoT to support improvements in agricultural water resources management.
Soil moisture can be retrieved through cost effective sensors. Calibration of such ground ‘capacitance’ based sensors under all farm conditions.
Further, sensors of water flow and energy characteristics from bore well will be used for preparing a decision tool of irrigation scheduling.
Upscaling of this approach though smart sensors is a way to take the idea from
‘bench to field’.
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Bigdata Analytics of Land use dynamics, Crop types & crop yields
www.ambhas.com
