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IP MEDIA SERVICES
VINAYAGAM M
DIRECTOR
eSILICON LABS, INDIA
eSILICON LABS 2015 1
Media Services
IPTV
OTT
Netflix
CDN
ABR
Agenda
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Media Services
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• Terrestrial TV
• Satellite TV
• Cable TV
• Mobile TV
• IPTV
Traditional Media Services
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Media Services Trends
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• Interactive TV
• Video on demand (VOD)
• Time shifted− Catch-up TV (replays a TV show that was broadcast hours or days ago)
− Start-over TV(replays the current TV show from its beginning)
IPTV
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• Content: the media (video, audio)
• Video Head end: converts the content into suitable format, e.g. MPEG2, MPEG4
• Service Provider IP Network: the backbone network of the service provider (ormultiple service providers).
• Service Provider Access Network: often called the “last mile” to the users premise(house, office). Technologies such as ADSL, FTTH and Ethernet
• Home Network: set-top-box, TV’s, PCs, Smart TV, game consoles and etc…)
VideoHeadend
Content Service Provider IP Network
Service Provider Access Network
Home Network
IPTV Network Elements
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• Broadcast
• Unicast
• Multicast
IP Media Transfer
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• Broadcast (send to everyone)− Mainly used for TV guide distribution, and informational updates
• Unicast (send to individual)− video-on-demand of specialise content− Unicast allows an individual to view content whenever desired,
but is expensive (in terms of network overhead)
• Multicast (send to group of users)− Main form of delivery, especially for popular content− Users select a channel/content (equivalent of joining multicast
group), and that is efficiently delivered to all users− Even used for video-on-demand (even for specialised content,
likely there will be multiple users wanting to watch at the sametime)
IPTV Delivery
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• Delivery of audio, video, and other media over the Internet without theinvolvement of a multiple-system operator
• The Internet provider may be aware of the contents of the InternetProtocol packets but is not responsible for, nor able to control, the viewingabilities, copyrights, and/or other redistribution of the content.
OTT (Over The Top)
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• Easy to get confused OTT with IPTV, but the key difference is that IPTV is providedover managed networks.
• IPTV networks fully manage and control the traffic, delay and bandwidthcharacteristics, so as to guarantee a predictable viewer experience.
• OTT in particular refers to content that arrives from a third party – such as Netflix,Hulu, Amazon, YouTube and is delivered to an end-user device, leaving the ISPonly the role of transporting IP packets.
OTT vs IPTV
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$7.99 per month
$8.39 per month
OTT Service Providers
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NETFLIX
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• Netflix pokes fun at Amazon with explosive new drone-delivery video
• Amazon Prime Air is a conceptual drone-based delivery system currently indevelopment by
NETFLIX
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• The company was established in 1997 and is headquartered in California andstarted its subscription-based service in 1999.
• Netflix grew as DVD sales fell from 2006 to 2011
• By 2009, Netflix was offering a collection of 100,000 titles on DVD and hadsurpassed 10 million subscribers.
• On February 25, 2007, Netflix delivered its billionth DVD.
• As of October 2015, Netflix reported 69.17 million subscribers worldwide,including more than 43 million in the U.S.
NETFLIX
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• While numerous companies throughout the world have started OTT services, itcan be argued that Netflix of the United States is the most successful.
• Originally, DVD rental-via-mail business
• Netflix online allows you to watch as many videos as you want for a flat monthlyrate – all conveniently streamed directly to your home. Initially only viewable ona PC-based player, Netflix now supports direct playback on a wide variety ofdevices including game consoles, mobile devices and Internet connected TV sets.
NETFLIX
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NETFLIX
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HOW IT WORKS?
• simply, it is a web server.
• Viewing devices use the exact same technologies and protocols as any standard website.
• As with accessing any web page, the client device uses the HTTP GET command to retrieve a file from a particularweb server. The host to access and the specific file asset are identified by the familiar URL
• http://euronews.com/sport
NETFLIX
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NETFLIX
Delivering Methods
- Fixed rate – early streaming system
- Chunks: TV contents divided into multiple
segments.(actual size of chunks is
dependent on the bit rate encoding)
- Screen size, bit-rate, internet connection
etc. will be handles
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CDN (Contents Delivery Network)
- Players network is divided into Contents Providers and Service Providers
CDN
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Cache server / Origin server
- Sometimes many cache servers are needed.
Once content is requested by a client, the network first checks if it is available in a cache server, and if not,
the content is then pulled in from the origin server to the cache.
CDN
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Sample protocol files (Manifest files)
- Manifest files are divided into several files.
- Master file has the list of bit files
CDN
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CDN
Sample protocol files (Manifest files)
- The master file lists the bit rates available for a particular movie. Each bit rate is
linked to another manifest, which lists in sequence, the URLs of each file chunk for
that bit rate.
- To date, the format of the manifest file and detailed adaptive bit rate mechanisms
have been vendor specific.
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TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) based system
- IP network (data transmission): UDP system and TCP system
- UDP is good for Multicasting (IPTV is using this).
CDN
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Multi-rate Encoding system
- Latest = Adaptive Bit Rate Network.
- Different Devices use different bit-rates
Adaptive Bitrate Control
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• Detecting a user's bandwidth and CPU capacity in real time andadjusting the quality of a video stream accordingly
• Requires the use of an encoder which can encode a single sourcevideo at multiple bit rates
• The player client switches between streaming the different encodingsdepending on available resources
• The result: very little buffering, fast start time and a good experiencefor both high-end and low-end connections
Adaptive Bitrate Streaming
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• Multi-screen services are based on ABR and video streaming over HTTP.
• HLS - from Apple (HTTP Live Streaming)
• HSS - from Microsoft (HTTP Smooth Streaming)
• HDS - from Adobe (HTTP Dynamic Streaming)
• MPEG-DASH from MPEG.
ABR (Adaptive Bitrate) Technologies
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• HLS stands for HTTP Live Streaming and is Apple’s proprietarystreaming format based on MPEG2-TS. It’s popular since it provides theonly way to deliver advanced streaming to iOS devices.
• HDS stands for HTTP Dynamic Streaming and is Adobe’s format todeliver fragmented mp4 files (fMP4). HLS uses MPEG-2 Part 1, whileHDS uses MPEG-4 Part 14 and Part 12.
• MPEG-DASH. MPEG, the standards body responsible for MPEG-2 and MPEG-4, isaddressing dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (MPEG-DASH) through theuse of four key profiles—two around CFF for fMP4 and two for MPEG-2 TS.
ABR (Adaptive Bitrate) Technologies
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Recommended Bit-rates and Network Speed- Codec used: initially VC-1 for video and WMA
for audio, now H.264 (AVC), VC-1, H.263 andH.265 (HEVC) for video, and Dolby Digital,Dolby Digital Plus, AAC and Ogg Vorbis foraudio.
- According to Netflix, encode the same title 120different times before it can be delivered.
- Netflix uses adaptive bitrate streamingtechnology to adjust the video and audioquality to match a customer’s broadbandconnection speed and real-time networkconditions.
Quality Required download speed
Minimum (low) 1.5Mbit/s
DVD quality (480p) 3Mbit/s
HD (720p) 5Mbit/s
Super HD (1080p) 7Mbit/s
3D Streaming 12Mbit/s
4K UHD (2160p) 25Mbit/s
ABR (Adaptive Bitrate) Technologies
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Future Media Services
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THANK YOU
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