IPBES GRULAC Consultation Meeting
Mexico’s Presentation
Biól. Hesiquio Benítez Díaz General Director for International Cooperation and Implementation
CONABIO-MEXICO
(11- 13 July 2013, Sao Paulo, Brazil)
Thursday, 11th July 2013
IPBES Work Programme
Knowledge systems and knowledge generation
Inputs to IPBES Programme of Work
Requests, inputs and suggestions put to the Platform: Australia, Belarus, China, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, France, Italy, Japan, UK. + CBD, CITES, CMS, UNCCD + 10 IGO and NGO. Consideration of initial elements: recognizing indigenous and local knowledge: Bolivia, Germany, Japan, Netherlands, Nigeria, USA, +3 NGO. Conceptual framework to guide the work programme: Bolivia, Canadá, EU, France, Germany, India, Japán Netherlands, Norway, NZ, UK, USA, +12 IGO and NGO. Determining a scoping process for assessments France, Japan, UK, USA, + 2 IGO and NGO
Specimen databases, catalogues and authority files
Species databases
Remote sensing capabilities and electronic cartography, vegetation data, climate data…
Statistical and analytical tools and informatics developments
National and international expert network
SNIB
Constantly
updated
Information from projects
sponsored by CONABIO, data
from repatriation and
collaboration with experts
1. What are the main priorities to address with respect to data on biodiversity and ecosystem services in the region?
1. Structure of a National Biodiversity Information System
Species Information a) Taxonomy
1. Authority files 2. Specimens georeferenced (from museums and field) 3. Inventories 4. Species listings (IUCN, CITES, ESA, National Regulations) 5. Computerization, repatriation, quality control
What are the Taxonomic Authority catalogues?
• Databases of valid scientific names of multiple taxa distributed in
México. Describing authors constitute the citation and are an
important part of the scientific name.
• Well structured hierarchical model based on recognized classification
systems (kingdom to species or infraspecies)
• Following the rules of the International Codes of Nomenclature
• Completeness at different levels (depending on the avaliable
information)
• Data bases used as standards • Based on recent taxonomic and nomenclatural
considerations
• standards for data quality control
Standardizing information
Atlas of mammals
of México (Arita &
Ceballos, 1998)
Checklist of
terrestrial mammals
of Mexico (Ramírez-
Pulido et al, 1996)
Taxonomic information based on different sources
Query of information
Wilson & Reeder, 1993
Catalogue of
native species
of mammals
Wild mammals of
México (Ceballos &
Oliva, 2005)
Herbaria
specimens specimens
Zoological collections
Collections
75 110
3,519,366 4,749,736
Estimado: 5.5 millones Estimado: 9.5 millones
Herbaria
specimens specimens
Colections Herbaria
1,464,299 registries from >189 collections from Mexico and abroad This represents a collection density of ca. 0.7 specimens /km2
EUA 22%
México 77%
UK 1%
Otros 0,005
Fuente: Proyecto Global de Maíces
59 races, collections 1940-2010
Cónico Norteño
Chalqueño
Dulce
Palomero Toluqueño
Arrocillo Amarillo
Cacahuacintle
Bolita
Tabloncillo
Jala
Celaya Tehua
Zapalote Chico
Comiteco
Nal-tel
Cónico
Tuxpeño
Vandeño
Olotillo
Olotón
Tuxpeño
Azul Apachito Gordo
Chapalote
The database has 22,931 registries
Maize diversity
Inventories
File size:
7.6MB(7962628Bytes)
Image size: 2000 x
1312
Resolution: 300 x 300
dpi
Quality mode: HI
(RGB Uncompressed)
Data quality control
Imaging adjustment
Data base
Herbarium, Botanical Gardens New York Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Herbarium, University of Arizona
Zip files are sent via FTP to Conabio
Reception
Revision
Back up
Data access to Biotica
Georreference
5.5 millions of specimens in 629 data bases
0
1.000.000
2.000.000
3.000.000
4.000.000
5.000.000
6.000.000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Lists of Mexican species
There are 6,749 species and 602 infraspecies included in various lists until 2013
List Number of species
NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 2,606 (2584 valid names)
IUCN 5,014 (4996 valid names)
CITES 2,089 (2041 valid names)
In all 314
Group CR EN VU LR/nt
LR/cd
LR/lc
LC NT EX EW DD
Plants 51 93 163 20 8 86 216 15 - 1 22
Invertebrates 19 28 33 4 1 2 246 9 2 - 97
Vertebrates 179 217 249 8 7 - 2681 163 23 6 365
249 338 445 32 16 88 3143 187 25 7 484
Number of Mexican species by IUCN category
Appendix Number of species
I 151
II 1900
III 27
I, II 11
Group I II III I, II
Plants 82 1439 2 2
Invertebrates 3 231 1 -
Vertebrates 66 230 24 9
Number of species by CITES Appendix
Category Number of species
P (in danger of extinction) 475
A (threatened) 896
Pr (under special protection) 1186
E (extinct in wild) 49
NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010
Number of species by category
Group P A Pr E Total
Algae - - 2 - 2
Plants 183 340 454 6 983
Fungi 10 28 8 - 46
Invertebrates 20 12 17 - 49
Vertebrates 262 516 703 43 1524
1. What are the main priorities to address with respect to data on biodiversity and ecosystem services in the region? (cont…)
1. Structure of a National Biodiversity Information System Species Information b) Monitoring for some biological groups
1. Regions in groups of interest (vertebrates, groups of plants)
2. From species of particular interest (crocodiles, invasive)
• CONABIO is the clearing-house for information on invasive species of
Mexico (introduced weeds, vertebrates, insect pests)
• Keeps a growing virtual library on the taxonomy, biology, sources of
origins of invaders, etc.
• It has a directory of world experts on the different groups
• Basis for decision-making on conservation, management and sustainable use
• Monitoring Program´s scope and intention:
o Relevant wild populations monitoring through specific routes
o Standard periodic surveys to obtain comparable data
o Data obtaining on presence, relative abundance, population size and trends, sex and size ratios, health state, reproduction, habitat.
• Procedures Manual for Mexico, Belize and Guatemala:
http://www.conabio.gob.mx/institucion/cooperacion_internacional/doctos/manualf_monitoreo_cocodrilo.pdf
1. What are the main priorities to address with respect to data on biodiversity and ecosystem services in the region (cont…)?
1. Structure of a National Biodiversity Information System Ecosystems a) Remote sensing (images)
1. Inventories (baselines) 2. Monitoring (change and trends over time)
a) Threats (fires) b) Ecosystems (mangroves)
b) Geoportal
CONABIO receives up to 10 full images of the country every day. We have VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite) & Rapideye
images National cartography at scales of 1:4,000,000, 1:1,000,000 y 1:250,000; Local a 1:50,000. Layers on extreme and average temperatures, rainfall,
radiation, soil, vegetation, biogeography and elevation.
2005:
770,057 ha Mexican
monitoring network
1981: 859,366 ha
2010: 764,486 ha
Map of the benthonic habitats of the
Puerto Morelos Reefs National Park
• World View 2 image, 20th
december of 2010, 4 m resolution
Identified changes: 698912.5 ha 0.3564 % del territory
More than 5,000 maps!
2. Development of bioinformatics tools Species a) Potential distribution maps
1. Conservation, reintroduction 2. Invasive species 3. Risk analysis of GMO 4. AZE 5. Citizen science
1. What are the main priorities to address with respect to data on biodiversity and ecosystem services in the region? (cont…)
Cotorra Serrana Rhynchopsitta pachyrrincha
Which is the potential area of distribution of a specie?
Species’ Predicted Distribution
from Museum specimen data
We identify the distribution areas of the agaves, for the registration of geographic denomination of origin
Since 2000, more than
3,768 (case by case)
recommendations to the
Ministries of the Environment
and Agriculture
Foto: A. Wegier
Gossypium hirsutum (algodón nativo)
Yes
No
No
Intended
introductions
Observations localities
From August 2003 to January 2013: • 2,529 users • 52,291 lists 1,106,035 validated records (until August 2012).
Communitarian bird monitoring network of CONABIO/CBM-M has more than 130 people in 5 states of southeast Mexico. This network has increased the number of records in AverAves since 2010.
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
meses ago 2003 ene 2013
Nú
mer
o d
e li
stad
os
1. What are the main priorities to address with respect to data on biodiversity and ecosystem services in the region? (cont…)
2. Development of bioinformatics tools Ecosystems a) Protected areas b) Priority Regions and GAP analysis c) IBA’s d) Fire-
3. Assessments a) Natural Capital of Mexico b) Ecosystem services valuation
• TEEB • SEEA
Terrestre
Marina
Epicontinental water bodies
260 participants Goverment, academia y civil society
Capital natural on line www.biodiversidad.gob.mx/pais/capitalNatMex.html
3 published volumes y synthesis and a synthesis for decision makers
750 authors and reviewers
227 institutions
Eje Estratégico CNM Metas Nacionales (Principales) Línea de Acción Ejemplos de Acciones
1.2 Difusión y Acceso a la Información
Debe estimularse un mayor acceso público a la información que generen
las instituciones académicas, gubernamentales y la sociedad civil
organizada, en lenguajes y formatos adecuados para diferentes usuarios.
• Se requiere incorporar a la ciudadanía en la obtención de información
básica importante acerca de la biodiversidad en diferentes localidades del
país, así como en esfuerzos de monitoreo de especies y ecosistemas
críticos por su estado de riesgo de extinción o vulnerabilidad, pero
también en ecosistemas perturbados para entender mejor aspectos
básicos para su recuperación y manejo. Es decir, es esencial el desarrollo
de lo que ahora se conoce como ciencia ciudadana y de la cual hay ya
19. Para el 2020, se ha incrementado el conocimiento
científico y tecnológico, acerca de la diversidad
biológica, sus valores y funcionamiento, su estado y
tendencias y las consecuencias de su pérdida y el
conocimiento es ampliamente compartido, transferido y
aplicado.
1.1 Generación, documentación y
desarrollo de capacidades
1. CONOCIMIENTO
• Incrementar los presupuestos operativos para fortalecer la generación
de información en materia de biodiversidad:
– Estimular programas de investigación regionales realizados con el capital
humano e institucional local.
– Establecer un programa nacional para fortalecer a las instituciones
nacionales y estatales que poseen colecciones científicas y desarrollan
inventarios biológicos.
– A poyar programas de monitoreo y evaluación de ecosistemas y de los
factores que los amenazan e impactan de manera negativa (sistemas
de monitoreo marino, terrestre y acuático continental sobre el estado de
conservación que incluyan el estudio de variables físico-químicas,
climáticas y biológicas en regiones representativas).
– Desarrollar y consolidar estudios y proyectos de valoración,
aprovechamiento sustentable y diversificación del uso de la
biodiversidad, así como su integración en las cuentas nacionales.
•Ayudar a establecer en los ámbitos local o regional instituciones puente
Publication of political instruments and setting of national biodioversity targets aligned with the Aichi Targets
TEEB and SEEA
2. What would be the clear and transparent process for sharing and incorporating relevant data?
1. Common policy to share information (i.e. Oaxaca Declaration). 2. Identification/determination of National priorities 3. Open calls for projects 4. Project Evaluation Committee (peer review) 5. Formalization, signing agreements
• Prior Informed Consent (PIC) • Mutually Agreed Terms (MAT)
6. Quality control 7. Public source of information and knowledge for all levels of
society (summaries, reports, data basis, maps, etc.)
Open calls for projects
Open calls for projects
Open calls for projects
3. What are the best ways to ensure data is comparable and time series are maintained?
1. Establishment of standards in databases and cartography (i.e. compatibility with GBIF and INEGI)
2. Baselines 3. Ensure long term financial sustainability for
monitoring (i.e. crocodiles)
It is conformed by 33 nodes in six different countries: Mexico, Costa Rica, Spain, Peru, the UK and the US. It links 124 collections and more than 5.7 million data from 170 countries.
The Biodiversity World Information Network
• Part of GBIF since 2008
4. How can IPBES contribute to monitoring of progress in meeting Aichi Biodiversity Targets (and other biodiversity- related goals) in the region?
See and discuss related documents for SBSTTA 14 at CBD portal
Identify areas of opportunity to provide support bearing in mind: • National targets • Indicators * • 5th National Reports • GBO 4 review * • Mid term review of Strategic Plan *
Role on SNIB
(National Biodiversity Information System)
knowledge, use,
applied and outreach
activities
Web-based applications attention to users
conservation
restoration
biosafety
Risk analysis
Basic
data
specimen data Taxonomic catalogues geospatial data species attributes data
MBDs
GIS
TCP/IP
XML
information
analysis
metadata statistical tools extrapolation tools visualization organization
accumulation curves bioclimatic models complimentary Hot-spot detection
Information Resources
SNIB
Anfibios
Reptiles
Aves
Mamíferos
Angiospermas
CONABIO and experts phase
Information generation
Analysis
Decision takers phase
Analysis computational models, communication y visualization Quality standards of information Integration methods Analysis and Evaluation
Analysis and integration
Síntesis científica
Decision making Support info
Evaluations
Scenarios
Results
Policies generation
Decision making
Values and benefits to society
Impacts
Users interface
Benefits on the improvement in decision taking
Analysis, evaluation and scenarios development
Establishment of institutions that promote, coordinate and carry out activities aimed to increase countries biodiversity related knowledge, to build capacity and stengthen the use for scientific knowledge to support decision making.
Bridge institutions Academic Sector Government
Basic and applied science on natural capital
Public policies oriented to sustainability
Mediadores entre los generadores y usuarios del conocimiento
Informed society and involved in decision making
Translation of the scientific information
Transmit knowledge needs and gaps in information for decision making
Thank you!
