Hurricane Electric - Massive Peering!1

Susan ForneyHurricane Electric AS6939

IPv6 at 25

25 Years of IPv6

IPv6 turned 25 in December.

While global adoption of IPv6 might not be where its architects thought, IPv6 has come of age and inserted itself firmly into the Internet.

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A Trip Down IPv6’s Memory Lane

3

1995

December 1995, IPv6 is proposed as a solution to IPv4 exhaustion in RFC 1881 and 1883.

1999

APNIC, ARIN, and RIPE were allocated the first IPv6 /23 blocks.

2001

Microsoft adds IPv6 stack to both OSs. HE gets its first IPv6 block.

2002

LACNIC becomes the fourth RIR, getting its first /23.

2003

Sprint deploys IPv6. Apple adds IPv6 support.

2004

AFRINIC gets its first /23 the final RIR .

2007

Hurricane Electric converts its network to native IPv6.

2008

US Govt is IPv6 capable across its systems. The EU sets goal for 25 percent IPv6 capable by 2010.

2009

Google search and maps available over IPv6.

2012

World IPv6 Launch Day on June 6.

2017

On July 14, IETF ratified IPv6 as an Internet Standard.

4

Why not IPv5?

5

IPv6 Adoption Rate

IPv6 has come a long way since its debut in 1995. • Over 30 percent of the world’s Internet

users are routed over IPv6.• The IPv6 routing table exceeded 100,000

prefixes.• Access to the Internet is driving IPv6

Adoption

Global IPv6 Adoption Rate

6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Belg

ium

Indi

a

Ger

man

y

Mal

aysi

a

Gre

ece

Taiw

an

Viet

nam

Uni

ted

Stat

es

Luxe

mbo

urg

Switz

erla

nd

Fran

ce

Thai

land

Finl

and

Mex

ico

Port

ugal

Japa

n

Braz

il

Uni

ted

King

dom

Sri L

anka

Ura

guay

Hun

gary

Uni

ted

Arab

Em

iratie

s

Saud

i Ara

bia

Cana

da

Net

herla

nds

Esto

nia

Ecua

dor

Aust

ralia

Irela

nd

Trin

idad

and

Tob

ago

Para

guay

Rom

ania

Nor

way

New

Zea

land

Peru

Gab

on

Aust

ria

Puer

to R

ico

Bhut

an

Boliv

ia

Czec

hia

Slov

enia

Phili

ppin

es

Pola

nd

Togo

Nep

al

Mya

nmar

Colu

mbi

a

Adoption Percentage

Global IPv6 Adoption Rate – Top 10 Countries

7

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

Belgium India Germany Malaysia Greece Taiwan Vietnam United States Luxembourg Switzerland

55.3% 54.9% 53.4%50.4% 50.2% 49.2%

45.5% 45.1% 44.7% 44.2%

IPv4 Address Table Growth Over Last Decade

8

341,000390000

441000488000

530,000587,000

646,000699,000

760,000814,000

860,000

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

900,000

1,000,000

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

IPv4

IPv6 Address Table Growth Over Last Decade

9

42007769

1160016700

2100027200

34800

47700

62400

79400

105000

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

IPv6

IPv6 Address Table Growth Over Last Decade

10

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

900,000

1,000,000

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

IPv4 and IPv6 Routing Table Growth

IPv4 IPv6

IPv6 Address Table Percentage Growth

11

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

90.00%

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

14.37% 13.08%10.66%

8.61%10.75% 10.05% 8.20% 8.73% 7.11% 5.65%

84.98%

49.31%

43.97%

25.75%29.52% 27.94%

37.07%

30.82%27.24%

32.24%

Yearly Prefix Table Growth

IPv4 IPv6

IPv6 Address Table Percentage Growth

12

014.37%

27.45%38.10%

46.71%57.47%

67.52% 75.72%84.45% 91.55%

0

84.98%

134.29%

178.25%

204.00%

233.53%

261.47%

298.54%

329.35%

356.60%

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

IPv4 IPv6

IPv4 Address Table Growth

13

2001

Global Internet Usage

14

60.07%,

39.93%,

World Population 7.6 Billion

With Internet Access

Without Internet Access

15

Global Internet Usage

16%

30%

48%

60.00%

8%

21%

41.30%

52.61%51%

67%

81%

87.00%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2005 2010 2017 2020

Global Internet Access

Users worldwide Users in the developing world Users in the developed world

16

Global Internet Usage

0%

88%

148%

173%

0%

163%

259%

287%

0%

31%

52%60%

0%

50%

100%

150%

200%

250%

300%

350%

2005 2010 2017 2020

Internet Access Rate of Growth

Users worldwide Users in the developing world Users in the developed world

17

IPv6 RPKI Adoption

IPv6 is not only outpacing IPv4 in the address tables. It is leading the way in adopting RPKI.• RPKI is a crucial tool in preventing prefix

hijacking and route leaks.• The IPv6 prefixes in RPKI is outpacing

IPv4.

RPKI IPv4 versus IPv6

18

31%

1%68%

Global IPv6 in RPKI January 2021

Valid

Invalid

Unknown

108,491108,491

26%

1%

73%

Global IPv4 in RPKI January 2021

Valid

Invalid

Unknown

903,907

RPKI IPv4 versus IPv6

19

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

40.00%

AFRINIC APNIC ARIN LACNIC RIPE

3.17%

23.96%

37.05%

10.29%

25.53%

1.13%

28.20%

22.29%21.32%

27.07%

IPv4 and IPv6 Prefix Announcements by RIR

IPv4 IPv6

RPKI IPv4 versus IPv6

20

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

40.00%

45.00%

50.00%

AFRINIC APNIC ARIN LACNIC RIPE

22.18%

30.67%

18.33%

29.80%

46.21%

8.84%

29.18%

14.52%

35.08%

42.81%

Percentage of RIR Prefix Announcements Having ROAs

IPv4 IPv6

RPKI IPv4 versus IPv6

21

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

40.00%

45.00%

50.00%

AFRINIC APNIC ARIN LACNIC RIPE

22.18%

30.67%

18.33%

29.80%

46.21%

1.13%

28.20%

22.29% 21.32%

27.07%

IPv6 ROAs Related to Prefix Announcement by RIR

Percentage of IPv6 ROAS Percentage of IPv6 Prefixes

22

25 Years of IPv6

Summary: • Over 30 percent of the world’s

Internet users are routed over IPv6, and this is increasing steadily.

• The IPv6 routing table growth rate is outpacing IPv4.

• Internet user numbers are increasing at a rapid rate, and IPv6 is the only protocol that has room for them.

Thank you!

Questions?

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