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Irish Identity and
Piratical ResistanceEva de Lourdes Edwards, PhD
English Department, College of General StudiesUniversity of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras
at16th Eastern Caribbean Islands Cultures
(‘ISLANDS IN BETWEEN’) Conference, ArubaFriday, November 8, 2013
Read by: Prof. Sally Delgado, UPR-RP
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Gráinne Ni Mháille
Meeting with the Queen of England, 1595
Captain Grace O’Malley commanded from 3 to 20 ships during her career. Her galleys could carry as many as 300 men apiece.
(Anne Chambers, 2012)
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Emerging Irish Identityin 16th Century ‘Ireland’
The demise in Ireland of a society ruled by powerful warrior women coincided with the advent of Christianity and the influence of Roman law which accompanied it. (Chambers, 2012)
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Celtic Goddesses
MorriganSequana
BóinnSinainn
Dillon, Myles and Nora Chadwick. The Celtic Realms: The History and the Culture of the Celtic Peoples from Pre-history to the Norman Invasion. Edison: Castle Books, 2006. Print.
Nau
tical
Fem
ale
Figu
rehe
ad o
n Sh
ip B
ow
Mor
rigan
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Trader, Smuggler, Pirate
To the English, she was a “Commander of thieves and murderers at sea.”(Warrior Women – Grace O’Malley: The Pirate Queen, documentary film, 2003)
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Rockfleet Castle
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Cunliffe, Barry. The Druids: A Very Short Introduction. New York: Oxford UP, 2010. Print.
Lonigan, Paul R. The Druids: Priests of the Ancient Celts. Westport: Greenwood P, 1996. Print.
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BadbBirth, Death, RebirthReturn to Earth’s womb after death; rebirth as a new expression of nature.
Trio of War GoddessesMacha, Morrigan, Nemain
Tripartite deities reappear in other mythologies: Sumerian, Hindu, Egyptian, Chinese, Norse, Greek, Roman, etc.
(Brabazon, 2002; Campbell, 1991; Graves, 1975; Markale, 1999)
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St. Patrick Chasing the Snakes Out of Ireland
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Portolan Maps-Navigation Charts
Developed from the 13th Century, found in Italy, Spain, and Portugal
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Clare Island in Clew Bay
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Tower of HerculesTorre de Hércules
Foundations following a Phoenician design in origin; rebuilt by Romas as a lighthouse
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-- You deign to proclaim yourself our equal?-- I proclaim myself a free Irish woman of noble blood.
The
two
she-
king
s (C
ham
bers
, 201
2)
Llywelyn, 1986
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Eden, Pinnacle Point, South Africa
Prehistoric Superhighway, orKelp Highway
Sout
h Af
rican
Roc
k Ar
t
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Seafarers
Celtic, Gaelic
Gauls, Gaelic
CeltiberianGaelic
Whorter (2008) presents the influence of Gaelic languages on modern English.
Two examples:-meaningless ‘do’ (do, does, did)- and –ing present constructions
No other Germanic languages have these features; Celtic languages do.
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Pirates of the Caribbean
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There are no coincidences,just unexpected glimpses of a hidden pattern.
Thank you.
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