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Irradiation plan Victor Rykalin
Irradiation plan
Victor Rykalin
04/22/23 Victor Rykalin 2
Content• A bit more than introduction
• What do we expect from the irradiation studies ?
• What do we want to test?
• Irradiation facilities
• Time. Dose. Money.
• Summary
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Some basics
First dopant, PPO (s. absorption = s. luminescence)
Second dopant, POPOP (s. absorption = s. luminescence of PPO, s.luminescence with longer wavelength than of PPO) , high conversion quantum efficiency, high thermal and photo resistance.
WHILE BEING IRRADIATED1.Complex process of degradation with active radicals appearance and output of the gas from polymer and from the dopants.
2. Two parameters degrade as a result: a. light output b. transmittance
3. Impact of thickness and measurements conditions ( air, Temperature, exposition time.
4. Light output recovery versus time (10-20 %).
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M. Kobayashi (KEK)17 November, 2003
Basics on effect of radiation
V.I. Rykalin et al. Radiation damage in polystyrene based scintillator Preprint IHEP Protvino 1991 - 187
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Recovery
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ZEUS experienceZEUS NOTE 98-026 April 3,1998
23 %
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What do we expect from the irradiation studies ?
• We have to measure the light output of the extruded scintillator(bulk) and DHCAL cells (without fiber, with fiber) before and after irradiation, the same for the absorption and transmission spectra.
• MRS irradiation (possible).
• We have to persuade ourselves that 10 years of scintillator based DHCAL operation at LC is not a problem (total dose ?)
• To have an information about radiation resistance of the extruded scintillator for the perspective customers (DHCAL, MINERVA, ALICE ….)
• Publication (TN)
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Irradiation facilities• FERMILAB. Protons 7 Gev (1012 p/cm2 sec, painful
bureaucracy) fee - nervous system.
• INDIANA cyclotron 200 Mev (109 -1011 p/cm2 sec, plug and play, wide spot) fee - $ 500/hour
• MICHIGAN. Co60 1 Mrad/hour, ~ $100/hour
• KANSAS, ANL, OTHERS (no experience)
• My preference(if protons) -------------> INDIANA (if gamma)-------------------------------->MICHIGAN
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INDIANA
Proton Capabilities of the RERS
Energy range: 30 to 200 MeV
Lower energies readily available via degraders. Momentum analyzed beams with a small spread are available at 50, 70, 100, and 150 Mev.
Flux: 1E2 to > 1E11 p's/sec cm2
Routine 1E5 to 1E11 p's/sec cm2 (SEM for dosimetry).
From 1E2 to 1E6 p's/sec cm2 (scintillator for dosimetry).
Areas: Less than 2 cm to 40 cm diameter.
Uniformity: < 30% variation over area.
Absolute Dosimetry: Better than 10% routinely.
Exposure Durations: A few seconds upward routinely available. RERP, Indiana University Cyclotrotron Facility2401 Milo B, Sampson LnBloomington, IN 47408
PHONE #: (812) 855-2913FAX #: (812) 855-6645
For additional information, email Barbara [email protected]
http://www.iucf.indiana.edu/RERP/rerp/cap.shtml
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MICHIGAN
Ford Nuclear Reactor to ShutdownTo: [email protected], [email protected]
Subject: Ford Nuclear Reactor to Shutdown
From: "Christopher W. Becker" <[email protected]>
Date: Wed, 28 May 2003 15:12:59 -0400
Reply-To: "Christopher W. Becker" <[email protected]>
Sender: [email protected]
All,
The Ford Nuclear Reactor is scheduled to complete nearly 45 years of service on 3 July 2003 at 3:30 p.m. EDT.
Please, no responses.Respectfully,
Christopher W. Becker, Reactor - Laboratory ManagerT h e U n i v e r s i t y o f M i c h i g a nPhoenix Memorial Laboratory - Ford Nuclear Reactor2301 Bonisteel BoulevardAnn Arbor, Michigan 48109-2100Phone: 734.764.6224Fax: 734.936.1571Pager: 734.670.7210
Text Paging: [email protected]
Co 60 facility will be open untill July 2004 !
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Time. Dose. Money.
• Optimum dose to accumulate ~ 1 Mrad. ??? (ask me)
• Time estimation: 1 Gy= 100 rad 1Gy ~ 3.5*10E(9) / cm^2, MIP in carbon. For 200 Mev protons we have ~ 1.4*10E(9) protons. Then 1 Mrad = 10 E(4) Gy -------------> 1.4*10(13) protons/cm^ 2. Then for 200 Mev and for the 10 cm beam spot we have flux 1*10E(9)p/cm^2*sec , so we have to stay on the beam 1.4*10000 sec ~ 4 hours
• 4 hours *$ 500 = $ 2000
1 SET
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Summary
• Where? At Indiana, IUCF or at Michigan
• What? Cells and scintillator bulk. MRS ?
• Who? Me and Dmitry?(IUCF)
• How ? Without problems
• How much ? ~$2000 + travel (IUCF), ~$200 + shipping and receiving (UMICH)
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100*5 mm^2 scintillator
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4. Cells measurements
Light output measurements and selection of the scintillator for the cell fabrication
Fluorescence measurements
Cells production
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10 pieces, one edge open and polished,
NICADD painted cells.
10 pieces, 19*19 mm^2
10 NICADD painted pieces + sigma grooved fiber.
2-3 MRS for 1 Mrad only.
1
2
3
4
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To do list (30 days after irradiation, some measurements during recovery period)
• 1. Unwrapped square, light output (Ru 106), Fluorescence before and after 500 Krad, 1 Mrad(FNAL).
• 2. Painted , one end opened, Sr 90 , 500Krad and 1Mrad, NICADD
• 3. Cells + fiber , Sr 90, 500 and 1 Mrad, NICADD
• 4. Noise counts at different temperature, Number of PE with the same input signal (LED), NICADD( KEEP track of all parameters as HUM, Temperature etc)
500 Krad
1000 Krad
