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INQUIRY ABOUTAL-MAHDI

BY

Muhammad Baqir As-Sadre

Translated

by

Sadiq Al-Mussawi

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Imam Ali FoundationThe Book identity

Name: Inquiry about Al-Mahdi

The author: Muhammad Baqir As-Sadre

The translator: Sadiq Al-Mussawi

Edition: First edition

Year: 1999 A.D., 1420 A.H.

House print: Starah

Circulation: 3000 copies

Place: Qom- Iran

Bismi Ilahi Rahmani Raheem

In the Name of Allah the

Compassionate, the Merciful

Imam Ali Foundation

P.O.Box. 37185 / 737

Fax: 743199

Tel: 743699

Qom-Iran

CONTAINS

IMAM ALI FOUNDATION'S WORD.............................................7

THE AUTHOR’S PREFACE............................................................9THE FIRST RESEARCH HOW COULD BE POSSIBLE THIS LONG AGE FOR AL- MAHDI (A.S.)?...............................................................................25THE SECOND RESEARCH THE MARVEL AND THE LONG AGE.......................................43THE THIRD RESEARCH WHY IS THIS WHOLE DESIRE TO PROLONG HIS (A.S.) AGE................................................................................................51THE FOURTH RESEARCH HOW THE PREPARATION OF THE EXPECTED LEADER HAS BEEN COMPLETED?..........................................................61THE FIFTH RESEARCH HOW CAN WE BELIEVE THAT AL- MAHDI IS ALREADY EXISTING?....................................................................................77THE SIXTH RESEARCH THUS WHY DOES NOT THE LEADER EMERGE?..................97THE SEVENTH RESEARCH IS IT FOR ONLY ONE PERSON ALL THIS RESPONSIBILITY!?....................................................................107THE EIGHTH RESEARCH

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HOW WILL BE THE MANNER OF THE CHANGE THROUGH THE PROMISED DAY?..............................................................113

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The word of Imam Ali FoundationIn the name of God, Most Gracious, Most Merciful

The Almighty (S.W.) said in His Holy Book: (He is the one who sent His Messenger with guidance and the truth full religion, that He might cause it to prevail over all religions, though the polytheists may be averse). At-Taubeh verse. 33.

There is no affair from the belief matters which have great effect in the human longings that disquiet the human mind as Al-Imam Al-Muntazar’s (May God Hasten his emergency). On the passing of the ages, while it is considered in the same time as a balm for the injuries of the believers, and as a worship of the best worships is the viaticum, and an expectation of the savior, and a hope that fill their minds up, and as a dream that they wait for achievement of it from a time to time, and the heaven had promised by it, through its several missions for the earth, and the last of them, is the final mission on the tongue of the honest and truthful prophet Mohammad (S.), that came from Him (S.) through multiple ways, that He gave a promise to his nation with Al-Mahdi, who is from Fatimeh’s children (A.S.), who will fill the earth with justice and equity as it before has been filled with injustice and tyranny.

And the martyr Sadre (May his spirit be sanctified) the author of this book which is between your hands. The

whole already agreed on his early superiority, his scientific excellence and his true belief in all his writings, so you go with him on this his inquiry about Al-Mahdi from a fact to the other in order to see that the matter of Al-Mahdi is from the Holy prophet’s progeny (A.S.), and every one is responsible for it according to the celebrated prophetic tradition (who died while he wasn’t familiar with his Imam (Leader) of his epoch, he would die a death of ignorancy). I say the matter did not only came from several ways, but it is proved by the scientific evidences also, and also it is a matter that the whole muslims are living in it, and interacting with it earnestly and positively while they are lamenting him through their supplication, and they are calling him through their poems, and they present their complaints while He is (A.S.) with them in all their affairs and waiting for a command from his Lord (S.W.) to permit him in order to occur the hope of the prophets in the promised day, and to practice the mission of the heaven until there is no house will remain, unless a call will rise up that: (There is no God but Allah, Mohammad is the messenger of Allah) according to the previous Holy verse, so while the Foundation of Imam Ali presents this book, and puts it between the hands of the people that desires to share in carrying its mission out to decelerate the fact for the masses with it’s faithfulness.

And Allah is behind the purpose.

Imam Ali Foundation

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THE AUTHOR’S PREFACE

Al- Mahdi is not only an embodiment for an Islamic belief that has a religious particularity, but He is a symbol of an expectation to whom the humanity tended with it’s variety in religions and doctrines, and informing for a natural inspiration1 through that people have understood {in spite of their variety of their beliefs, and their ways to the divine secret} that there is a promised day for the humanity on the earth, through which the missions of the heaven will achieve their great attention, and final goal, and the exhausted journey of the human on the pass of the history will find it’s stability and safety, after long suffering,

1 It is a sign for what is truly an inveteration in the humanity concienceness, and a common opinion among the majority people of the earth, so there is a strong feeling that engages the humans mind by the emergency of the savior, while the affairs will be serious and complicated, and the tribulation is heighten, and the troubles humiliated them, and the injustice fall up on them, which the religions had told about, and the history of the humanity civilizations narrated. Please review the twelve Imam’s biography book by / Hashim Maēroof Al- Hassani vol. 2: p516 and from that: the leadership {Imameh} at shiits’ view / by Dr. Ahmad subhi.

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INQUIRY ABOUT AL-MAHDI

rather this feeling with this supernatural day and the expected future is not restricted to the believers, who believe with the supernatural religiously, but it also extended to the others and that even reflected on the most insisted ideologies and the religious doctrines to refuse the supernatural as the dialectical materialism does, which interpreted the history according to the oppositions, and believed with a promised day1, through which all the oppositions will be eliminated and the peace with the rapport will be predominated through it.

By this manner we find that the spiritual experience of this feeling which the humanity had exercised on the pass of the time is the most vast of the whole spiritual experiences and most common among the human individuals. And while the religion supports this universal spiritual feelings, and emphasizing that the earth finally will be filled with justice and a quite after it has been filled with injustice and tyranny2. He will give back that feeling

1 It is a sign for the belief of the marxians and their wishes for the expected day, through which the communism finally will dominate-as they believe- and the bitter struggle will be ended according to their historical metrical famous. view.

Please review our philosophy by the martyr sadre p-26 historical.2 It is a sign to the successive of the holy tradition: {if it is not

remained from the world except one day, allah (S.W.) will have send a man from my progeny, who will fill it with justice as it before had been fulled in tyranny}, please review sunanul - Mustafa by abi

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its objective value, and He will change it into categorical belief with the future of humanity path, and this belief is not only as a source for the comfort but a source for the common welfare and power. It is a source of gift and charity; since the belief in Al-Mahdi is a belief of rejecting the injustice and the tyranny until He will predominate the whole world, and He is a source of the power and motivation that did not exhaust1, since He is a glitter light that struggles the desperation in the soul of the human, and keeps on the flaming hope in his chest whatever the misfortunes became gloomy, and the injustice became giant; since the promised day improves that it is possible for the justice to face a world which is filled with injustice and tyranny, so it upsets what is contained from the injustice props, and to renew its foundation2 again, and the injustice however it became greater and spreaded into the regions of the world and ruled over it’s fates, It is unnaturally state, and it is unavoidable to be defeated3, and that dawood vol. 2 p 207 , and review Al- Taj Aj- jamē lilusool by shaikh mansur Ali Nasif vol. 5 p 343.

1 This is a replay on who claims that the belief in Imam Al- Mahdi (A.S.) is the reason of sluggishness and the passivity, and that is the most fluent reply, which is derived from the same holy tradition.

2 It is an indication to Imam Al- Mahdi’s government that which the holy prophet (s.) mentioned. Please review: At- Taaj Aj- Jamiē Lil usool vol. 5 p. 343.

3 It is a sign to the divine promise in his (S.W.) saying: {If we want to give all goods up on those who were deemed weak on the earth and

inevitable great defeats of the injustice, while it was in the utmost authority, that puts the hope as an Immense in front of every oppressed person, and every wronged nation, to have the ability in order to change the situations and to renew the structure.

And if the opinion of Al- Mahdi was more ancient and vastest than Islam, it’s elaborated characteristics whom Islam had demonstrated, it came More gratification for the whole longings which are concerned to this opinion since the beginning of the religious history. And more donative, more excitative for the senses of the wronged and tormented people on the passing of the history.

And that because Islam changed this opinion from the invisible into a reality, and from a future into a presence and from the researching for a savior from whom the world will be brought forth to the belief with existence of the savior actually in the far passive future. And his expectation with the other longing people for the promised day. And the completion of the whole circumstances which enable him to practice his great role, So Al- Mahdi can no longer be an

we make them the Imams, and we make them the heirs} Al- qasas: 5 and a mention to his (S.W.) saying: {that he might cause it to prevail over all religions, though the polytheists may be averse. At- Taubeh: 33. Please review with interpretation of these two verses, which the hint to Al- Imam Al- Mahdi (A.S.) Yenaabie il- mawaddeh / By Al- Qundoozi Al- Hanafi p. 450.

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opinion that we are waiting for it’s birth or a prediction that we look for it’s credibility, but an exiting reality that we are waiting for it’s activity, and a concerted individual who lives among us with his full life, we see him and He sees us while He lives our hopes and pains, sharing us our sadness and gladness, and He (A.S.) watches the whole torture of the tormented people and the misery of the miserable people and the unfair injustice on the earth, so He is suffering from all that, near or far, while He (A.S.) was waiting long time for the minute through which it becomes possible for him to give his hand to every wronged and deprived person1, and He (A.S.) will cut the origins of the wrongful people.

And it is already predetermined for this expected leader not to declarate himself, nor to reveal his life to the others although He is living and waiting with them for the expected time.

1 It is a sign to the glad tidings of our holy prophet Mohammad’s (S.) that came in the Holy tradition of: {Al- Mahdi is truly in my nation, He will emerge and live five or seven or nine {the suspicion is from the narrator} he said: we asked: what is that? He (S.) answered: years, and added: the man comes on him and says O, Mahdi give me give me. He Said: put in his garment what he will be able to carry.} At- Turmuthi narrated that. Please review: At- Taajul- Jamiē lilusool / by Ali - Sheikh Mansoor Ali Nasif vol. 5: p. 343 and in which there is more than one illusion for that Al- Mahdi is survival existing, and he is living within the nation, and his emergency and living for seven years and that means, his emergency and his blessing state establishment through which the rescue and justice will found.

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And to make it clear that the thinking about this deal with the Islamic feature approaches metaphysical distance between the wronged people, all the wronged people and the expected savior, which makes the bridge between them and him (A.S.) in their spiritual sense short however the waiting lasted.

And while its requested from us to believe in the opinion of Al-Mahdi (A.S.) as a human being living for a moment, He lives as we do, and He worships as we worship, it is to make us understand that the thinking of a simple refusal all corruption and tyranny, by the way Mahdi will act it. It is truly embodiment in this refusal leader, who will emerge while there is no homage for any injustice in his neck, as it is mentioned in the tradition1.

A belief in him is a belief in this actual existed active refusal and accompanying for him.

The continues in a citation for the viaticum expectation already come through the traditions, and the claiming of the believers to wait for Imam Al- Mahdi (A.S.), and by that the spiritual connection and the conscious link between them and the leader, and the whole principalities that symbolized him, and it is a relationship and a link, that is impossible to be

1 It is told about him (A.S.) that he (A.S.) will emerge while there is no homage for any injustice in his neck. please review: Al- Ihtijaj book / by At- Tibrisi vol. 2 p. 545.

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found unless that Al- Mahdi is already embodied in a survival temporary human1.

By this manner we observe that this embodiment provided this opinion a new momentum, and made it a source of providence, and authority with a greater level, in addition to what any refusal human finds of the consolation and comfort and lightening from what He suffers from the deprivation injustice, and pains, when He feels with his Imam and the leader is sharing the pains with him, and He (A.S.) actually feels with them, since He (A.S.) is a temporary human, He lives with him and He is not a single futuristic opinion.

But that a mentioned embodiment leds to the negative positions against Al- Mahdi’s opinion it self

1 A mention to that Al- Mahdi is not only an illusion on an idea that jests the minds of the wronged people, and courts their feelings, surely he is as alive fact and that is embodied in a person himself, from here the opinion becomes a joining to their conscience, they live with it, and for it they live, and they participate in the preparation and the readiness for the clash in the definitive battle which the expected leader will lead. And if it was only a single dream or opinion, so it is unexpected to be as emotional and conscious relationship, from this the importance of the expectation will be found, and it’s justification purposes will be appeared, so in a whole, it will harmonize with the expectation, which always processed the manifestoes of the savior from the prophets and the reformers.

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in same time2 at some of the people, for whom it became difficult to imagine and suppose that.

Then they asked each other!If Al- Mahdi should be a survival human, who

lived all these sequenced generations, since more than ten centuries, and also He will live the extensions of them, until He (A.S.) appears on the theatre, So how it became possible to this human to live this long age, and to be saved from the laws of the nature which obligated on every human to pass through the senility period, since very early anteceded time, which leads him naturally to the death? Isn’t that impossible from the realistic aspect1?

2 The opinions about the expected Al- Mahdi’s affair are different and the positions are various according to the positions variety from the religious absence affair and the celebrated and frequent religious texts, but there is an agreement between the educated Muslims and the investigators of the traditions from the shiīts and sunnits for the ideology rightness with Al- Mahdi (A.S.), and the impossibility for the doubt with it, even if it came in the tradition: {he who denied Al- Mahdi had already became infidel ...} please review Qhayet Al- Maēmool shareh At- Taaj Ajjamiē lilusool / by Ash- Shaikh Mansoor Ali Nasif vol. 5 p. 343.

1 This is an inquiry from a group of the people, and really it is truly possible to record the following brief notice, although it’s replay will comes in detail:

A- It isn’t impossible according to the logical intention, but it is within the limitation of the possibility.

B- It is usually not impossible; because of the occurrence of the parallels of that actually, as the Holy Qurān mentioned in Nuh’s (A.S.) mater in his (S.W.) saying: {So he remained among them a thousand

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And they also ask!Why is the whole desires are from God (S.W.) for

this human personally?Then the natural laws1 will be idled for him, and

the inconceivable will be done in order to prolong his age and to save him until the promised day comes, is the humanity became barren to produce the capable leaders? And why is the promised day couldn’t be left for other leader, who will be born2 at the drawn of that promised day, and He will grow as the people grow, and He will practice his role gradually until He spreads the equity and justice on the earth after it has been filled with tyranny and injustice?

And also they ask!If Al- Mahdi was a noun of a concrete person who

is

year save fifty years.} Al- Ankaboot: 14.1 the breaking down of the natural laws is already happened many

times relating to the prophet’s (A.S.) marvels, and this is a necessary affair of the religion, there is no way to deny it, so if a person told by that who was obligated on us to believe him, so it is permitted without any reverse.

2 This is a sign to the belief of groups from Ahlul- Sunnah our brothers. please review At- Taajul- jamiē lilusool vol. 5: p. 360 the foot note.


the son of the eleventh Imam3 from Ahlul- Bait’s Imams (A.S.)

Who was born on 256 A.H1. And his father died in 260 A.H. so that means He (A.S.) was a little boy while his father died. And his age was not more than five years, so his age wasn’t enough to pass a period

3 This inquiry was raised before, and today also is raised, by different ways, and all these inquiries depend on suppositions, and Allusions are not stated on a base of the science, but they are not unless suspicions and poor tries to escape from the principal of the issue and it’s necessary requirements, so they are not unless be more similar to the suspicions of the materialist when they are faced by the evidences of the science, logic and intellect that related to God (S.W.), so they resorted to naive inquiries that declarate their unbelieving with what the multiple evidences are stated on. as their saying: if he was existing, why don’t we see him? and why doesn’t He (A.S.) do so and so? And so the concern of these, while they were faced with the logical evidences and the recurrent narration’s that concerned with the expected Imam Al- Mahdi of what that was accepted from the private and the general people, and by which is impossible for the human to deny, so they turned to the suspicion that truly there is no son is known for Imam Al- Hassan Al-Askari (A.S.) as they invented in order that falsely attributed to the shiīts, that they truly stand on the vault every day and call up on their Imam to come out for them, but they dispute about the vault, some of them said: He is in samaraē, and others said: He is in Najaf and the third group said: He is in other place. Please review our communication in the beginning.

1 Ash- Sheikh Al- Mufeed has already proved that in his book Al-Irshaad: p 346, and Ash- Sheikh Al- Shaērani in his book Al- yawaakeet Waljawaahir vol. 2 the search N0. 65, the birth of Imam Muhammad the son of Al- Hassan Al- Askari in 255 A.H., and they were from the most exalted of the investigators at the two groups and this rebut the suspicions which some of the science pretenders, have

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through which He (A.S.) must be prepared religiously and intellectually for the completion stage by the hand of his father, then how, and by which way this development of this individual1 could be completed in order to practice his great role, religiously, intellectually and scientifically?

And they also query! If the leader was ready, so why this whole long wait which lasted for hundreds years? Were those whole or deals and social disasters that the worlds have seen before to justify his emergency2 on the theater and to establish the justice on the earth?raised in addition to the famous tradition: (The leaders-Imams. Are twelve, all of them are from Quraish), so, it’s meaning is just corresponding with what the Imamia (Shiits) accepted and with what they caught with that the leadership of the twelve Imams, all of them are from the honest progeny, the first of them is Imam Ali (A.S.), and the last is Al-Mahdi, And they are themselves whom they are laid down, and Ath-Thaqalain celebrated tradition, supports, and certify that, and also the tradition of (who died while he was unfamiliar with his Imam of his age …), both of them are corresponding with Imamai faith. Please review the entire argumentation of Al-Usool Al-Aameh lil fiqhil-Muqaran book / By the Knower Mohammad Taqi Al-Haqeem / The research of hujyat Ahlul-Suneh: p.145.

1 Who he (s.w) truly undertook and was responsible for developing prophet Isa (A.S.), and who supplied prophet Yahya the role, and the wise while he was a youth, as it is mentioned in the Holy Qoran, It is possible for him (S.W.) to undertake and grant the man whom he (S.W.) has developed to purificate the earth from the injustice and the tyranny at the end of the World. As the famous tradition told about Al- Mahdi who is from Fatima’s progeny, and Al-Hussein’s (A.S.) issue. Please review: At-Taajul-Jamiul usool book vol. 5: p. 341- 343


Then they also query!How can we believe in the existence of Al- Mahdi,

even if we supposed that, it is possible, and is it possible for a human to believe with assumption justness from this type and does not demonstrate a convincing scientifical or logical evidence?1

Or is it enough that some narratives which are related about the prophet (S.), while we couldn’t know the extent of its reality2 to accept the mentioned supposition?

And they query for what is prepared from a role for this individual through the promised day?

How can it be possible for the Individual to have this great and definitive authority in the world life! However that individual should be great, He can’t make the history by himself, so by that He enters a new stage with it, but the seeds of the historical movement with its members will be developed through the objective circumstances, and it’s

2 This matter is truly subject to it’s special conditions, and as the prophet Mohammad (S.) deferred to his blessing emergency period, for matters and foresight that the wisdom of the sender {Allah} (S.W.) seecked through the need for him, so the matter here is the same.

1 The martyr sadre will discuss this affair in detail.2 Realy the Islamic nation scholars truly agree with the truth of Al-

Mahdi’s (A.S.) traditions, and there is no one, who contradicted unless that who is not from the people, who are not familiar with the tradition.

Please review: At- Taj Aj- Jamiē Lil usool vol. 5: p. 361.

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contradictions, And the greatness of the person1 itself will nominate him to inform the face of those objective circumstances, and the practically interpretation for what they ask from the solutions?

And they also query! What is the manner through which we can imagine, what will be achieved by the hand of that person, from a great change and absolute victory for the justice and the mission of the justice on the whole entities of the injustice and tyranny, although what they have from the power and influence, and what they have found from the distraction and ravage tools, and what they reached to the astronomical level through the scientifical

capabilities and the social, political and military powers2?

1 We already have seen how could the heroes made their nations’ history, that the martyr sadre truly presents here an original and very important meaning of the history movement, and the role of the hero person, the importance of the objective circumstances in the effect. Tomas carlil already mentioned the role of the hero in his book {the heroes}. Please review his mentioned book, which is translated by Dr. Al- Subaiē - Egypt- The thousand books series.

2 It is a sign to the sweeping ravage warfare, in addition to the technological development, which contained the mass media television. And radio and the vast effects. But we saw how could the counter weapons be found in the opposite, which often stop those effects, and we also noticed the effect of the morals in thwart the activity of the different weapons of the enemy or lessening the effects of them to the utmost of the limitations, as it happened in the political revolutions and raisings.


These questions are already circulated in this area and be said in a manner or other manner, and the actual reasons for these questions are not only intellectual but also there is a spiritual source for them, which is the feeling with the dread of the universally reigning matter and the exiguity of any opportunity to change it from the roots, and as much as what that position will rouses from this feeling which will be separated through the world by the pass of the time, the doubts will be deepen, and inquiries will be sequenced, by this manner the defeat and the littleness with the feeling by the weakness at the human will lead him to feel with great exhaustion spiritually, only by imagine the great change activity of the world which empties it from it’s whole oppositions and it’s historical grievances, and it provides the world with a new content, that established on the base of the right and justice, and this exhaustion leads him to a doubt in this manner, and to try to refuse it for a reason or other than this.

And now we bring the previous questions sequencely; to stop at everyone of them, a short stop by the limitation that these papers contain.

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THE FIRST RESEARCH

How could be possible This long age for Al-Mahdi (A.S.)?

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How could be possible This long age

for Al-Mahdi (A.S.)?

Is it possible for a human being to live several centuries as it is assumed in this leader from whom it is expected to change the world situations, whose actually his holy age is about one thousand one hundred, and fourty years, what means his age is equal fourteen times as the usual of human age, who might pass through the all regular stages of the human life, from infancy to senility?

The word possibility means one of three meanings:1 - The practical possibility.2 - The scientific Possibility.3 - The philosophical possibility.By the practical possibility I mean:The thing is actually possible for me or you or for

other by a manner to achieve it. Then the traveling across the ocean, and reaching to the bottom of the sea, or raising to the surface of the moon. Things

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actually became actually practical possibility. So there is somebody else that can practice this things by a way or other than it1.

And I mean by the scientific possibility:There are things which perhaps impossible for me

or you to practice them by the contemporary civilized means, but the science hasn’t nor it’s moving intentions have the justifications to refuse the possibility of these things, and to occurrence them according to a particular circumstances and means.

There is nothing in the science that refuses the occurrence of raising the human to the Venus. But the actually intentions of existing truly shows the possibility of that, and even if the raising is not actually easy for me or you, since the difference between the raising to the Venus and the raising to the moon is not except on different degrees, and the raising to the Venus isn’t present unless surmounting stage that additional difficulties which are resulted from the distance is farest.

1 Like these things were unimagined previously and if one person is conversed with, before it actually occurred, this conversation could be considered only as an illusion or conception.

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HOW COULD BE POSSIBLE THIS LONG AGE FOR Al-MAHDI (A.S.)

So the raising to the Venus scientifically is possible even if actually impossible practically1, and on the contrary of that, the raising to the solardisk in the middle of the sky is impossible scientifically, and that means, the science is hopeless to achieve that. So it is impossible to be imagined scientifically, and experimentally the possibility of making that protective armor from the burning by the solar heat which seems as a blazing massive kiln with the highest degree that strike on a human mind.

And by the logical or philosophical possibility I mean:

The brain truly hasn’t the argument to refuse the thing, and to judge by the impossibility of it. According to what it had been perceived before, from the previous laws.

Dividing three oranges into two equal parts, without cutting one of them into two equal parts hasn’t logical possibility, since the intellect realizes, that the three is an odd number and not even-so, it is impossible to divide them into two equal parts, since dividing them in equivalence means that they must be in two or in a couple, so they must be even and odd in

1 This speech is preside scientifically in due time, so he said: It is truly possible scientifically, but actually it was not occurred, and in fact the numerous of achievements in the worlds space, and sending the space ships to the planets and the satellites of the earth, is already became truths at the extremities of the twentieth century.


the same time, and this is a contradiction, and the contradiction is logically impossible. But the entrance of a human being into a fire while it isn’t burning him, and the raising of him to the solar without burning him by it’s heat is not logically impossible, while there is no contrary in the assumption, that the heat couldn’t be spread from the hight warmth body in to the body which is less warmth, however it opposites to the experience which proves the warmth spreading from the hot body to the cool body untill they become equal wormthly.

Thus we know that the field of the logical possibility is more extended than the scientifical possibility, and this more extended than the practical possibility.

It is unadoubtable that the extended of the human age for thousands years is possible logically; since it is not impossible from abstractive intellectual view, there is no any opposition in the assumption of this type, since the life as a notion is not penetrating to the quick and there is no argument in that.

And also there is no a doubt and no argument, that this long age is truly impossible as a practical possibility, according to the way of the practical possibilities for the descending to the bottom of the sea or raising to the moon. Since the science with it’s actual present tools, and which are available through

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the contemporary human experience can not prolong the human’s age for hundreds of years, there for we find that the most concerned people to the life and most powerful to employ the capabilities of the science, haven’t the opportunity of age unless the usual age.

And as for the scientifical possibility, today scientifically there is no thing that justifies the refusal of this matter from the theoretical aspect1. And this research is actually corresponding to the physiological interpretation of the senility and the decrepitude phenomenon of the human. does this phenomenon express a natural law which imposes the hierarchical on the cells and the tissues of the human body, and becomes less qualification to continue in it’s work, until it becomes idle in a determinative minute, even if we separate it from the impact of any external factor? Or this sclerosis and this decrease in the qualification of the tissues and the cells of the body to raise by it’s physiological roles, as a result from the struggle against the external factors as the microbes or the poisoned which ooze to the body by a food which

1 Ok, there is no a scientifical justification that refuses this notion, rather the medicine scientists are actually occupied with swift attempts to prolong the human age, and there are several trials which are applied in this field, and that is alone which raise as an intense evidence on the theoretical or scientifical possibility.


he had eaten? Or by the work that he had done or any other factor?

So this question which science puts forth on it’s self today, while it is in earnest to answer it. Up to now the question is more than the answer according to the scientifical aspect.

If we consider the scientifical view which interprets the senescence and the weakness of the senility, as a result of the struggle and friction with specific external influences, therefor it means that it is possible theoretically, if the tissues which the human body is separated from those specific influences to live more and pass the senility phenomenology and get over it completely.

And if we take care with the other view, which tend to suppose that the senility is a natural law for alive cells and tissues, in other word it means that it includes the inevitable vanishing seed into it, passes through the senility period and ends by the expiration.

I decelerate: I am saying:If we take this view upon, it doesn’t mean that

there is no any flexibility in the natural law. Rather it is flexible law-on supposition of the availability of it, since we notice that in our ordinary life; and since. The scientists observe in their scientifical laboratories, that the senility as a physiological phenomenon not

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temporal, it may be appear early or it may delay, and it will not appear unless in late time, even the man perhaps becomes aged while He has tender organs and the signs of the senility will not appear on his features as the physicians had mentioned that:1

Yet the scientists truly could benefit practically from the flexibility of the stated natural law, so they prolonged the age of some animals for hundreds as their natural age estimated. And that was by creating situations and factors which postponed the activity of the senility law. And scientifically by this it could be proved that the deferment of this law by informing situations, and specific factors is scientifically possible order, and indeed if it is impossible for the science to practice this deferment actually relating to a perfect creature as the human. And that is not unless there is a different degree between the difficulty of this practice related to the human, and its difficulty related to other creatures, and this means that the science from the theoretical phase, and as much as the moving attitudes refer to it, There is nothing that refuses the possibility of the human age elongation in

1 The physicians and the medical studies are focusing about this observation, they have many views in this field, and it is perhaps this matter has prompted them to perform attempts and trials to prolong the natural age of the human, and as usually the fields of the tests since the beginning was the animal because of the feasibility of this matter, and there is no other perils which disappoint to execute as these tests on the human.


it, even if we interpret the senescence as a result from the struggle, and the forcing with eternal affections, or a produce from a natural law of the survival cell it self, which leads it forward to the expiry.

In other word: the length of the human age and his staying alive for several centuries is possible order logically and scientifically, but it is impossible practically, so the science direction is truly going forward in the path of actualization of this possibility through long way.

And according to that, we discuss the age of Al Mahdi (A.S.), and what is surrounding it of the inquiry or amazement, then we observe: After it became sure that this long age is possible logically, and scientifically, and it became sure that the science is going on to change the theoretical possibility into practical possibilities gradually, so the astonishment is becoming meaningless, unless the removal of that, Al-Mahdi (A.S.) precedes the science itself, so the theoretical possibility will be changed into practical possibility in his (A.S.) personality before the science reaches with it’s development to the level of the actual ability for this change, and He (A.S.) is resemble to who antecede the science in discovering a drug the meaning or the drug of the cancer.

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And if that, was the case, how did He anteceded Islam which decided the age of this expected leader-in the movement of the science in this change aspect?

The response: That is not the single field in which Islam anteceded the movement of the science.

Wasn’t the Islamic law as a whole already anteceded the natural progression of the human thought for several centuries?1

Wasn’t it sponsoring with slogans which suggested plans to be pervade that the human was not mature to understand them through his distinct movement unless after hundreds of years?

Wasn’t it advanced with laws which were in the utmost of the wisdom, that the human can not get it’s securest, and the face of the wisdom in it unless before a short time?

1 The inquiries that the martyr sayeed M.B.As-Sadre has raised and which intended to settle an important fact, and that was: The Holy prophet(s.) while he has given a promise of Imam Al-Mahdi (A.S.), and this matter was not ordinary case in the human’s situation, it notifies in it’s setting a precedence in the practical possibility, after the emphasizing on the scientifical possibility, that is to say for staying the human for a long time more than the usual, like this antecedence is showing the right and the fact of existence, and this was mentioned in the holy Quran and the holy traditions in several objects, in the cases of the nature, and the cosmos of life.

Please: revise the holy Quran and the knowledge of the tradition / By Dr. Abdul-Razaaq Nawfal.


Didn’t the mission of the heaven show secrets from the cosmos which did not strike in a human mind, and then the science come to improve, and support them?

If we believe in this as a whole, why do we ask God to give us more (S.W.) the sender of this mission to outdo the science to determine the age of Al-Mahdi (A.S.)1, and I never talk here unless about the priority aspects which we able to feel with it directly, and it is possible for us to add the priority aspects to that which, the mission of the heaven is telling us it self a bout.

And the example for that, it tells us, that the prophet (S.) truly made go on by night from the sacred mosque to the remote Mosque, and this night-Journey2 if we wanted to understand it within the borders of the natural laws, it utters about the benefit from the natural laws by a manner which is

1 Referring to this, is as miracle and it is a special divine overfill, and this is an order, that muslim can’t deny it after the Holy books have told with the parallels of it, and in special the Quran, as the formation, which came about the age of prophet Nuh (A.S.), and also what the Holy Quran had told about the other secrets, therefor the numerous people of the sunnits, the sufis, and the people of the gnosis class believe with the happenings of the grace and dignity, and which similar to the miracles of the saints, pious men and the favorites of God (S.W.).

2 According to the blessed verse, (Glory to Him Who made His servant to go on a night from the sacred Mosque to the remote Mosque..)

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impossible for the science to achieve it1 unless after passing the hundreds of the years, so the same Devin authority which enabled the prophet (s.) to move fast before it becomes possible for the science to achieve that.

It made the possibility for the last stipulated caliphs of the prophet the long age, before it becomes possible for the science

to achieve that.Ok. the long age that Allah(S.W.) had provided for

Al-Muntazar, “The expected”, the savior seems a strange through the habitual limitation, even among the people in present life, and through the achieved experiments of the scientists actually.

But!Wasn’t the decisive alliterative role for which this

savior is prepared as a strange through the habitual limitation in the people life, and what were passed on them from the events through the history.

Wasn’t the change of the world, and the civilization renew according to the right, and the justice is entrusted to Him (A.S.)?

1 A sign for the space crafts and mounting the space, and going deeply through the space to the far distances from our earth, and crossing it through little hours or days, while these became facts in our temporary life within the latest of the 20th century.


So why we odd if the preparation for this great role is characterized by some of the strange events, and which are out of the habitual as the long age of the expected savior?

Then the strangeness of these events, and the departure of it out of the habitual, however it was hard, It will not exceed in any case the strangement of the same great role which must be achieved by the promised day.

So if we accepted that a single role1 historically although there is no other resembling role for it in the history of the human, so why we disagree with that long age which we couldn’t find other resembling age for it in our habitual life?

I don’t know!Is it a fortuity that only two individuals that vacate

the human civilization from its corrupted import and instructing it newly, and there will be long age for every one of them, which exceeded our ordinary ages many times?

1 A mention to what is prepared for the expected Imam Al-Mahdi (A.S.) from a role and function of change on the level of the whole human being, as in the true tradition was mentioned:{He will fill the Earth with justice and equity as it has been before was filled with the tyranny and injustice}, and this role with this function are accepted from the whole scholars of Islam, and the difference is achieved in tributary branches, therefore the inquiry which the martyr sayeed Mohammad Baqir As-Sadre raised has a strong logical justification.

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One of them who practiced his role in the past of the humanity, that was prophet Nuh, whom the Holy Quran mentioned1 that He lived a thousand save fifty years among his people, and it is predetermined for him through the flood to construct the new world.

And the other one who exercises his role in the future of the humanity, that is Al-Mahdi who lived among his people more than one thousand years till now, and it will predetermined for him to build the new world through the promised day.

So why we agree Nuh a.s. who approached the

thousand years at less estimation while we disagree Al-

Mahdi?2

1 In the blessed verse:{so he remained among them a thousand years save fifty} Al-Ankabut:14.

2 The inquiry is addressed to the muslims who believe with the Holy Quran and the Holy prophetic tradition, and it is already narrated by the scholars of sunnies for others than Nuh which was more than that is mentioned.

It is impossible for anyone to distrust that the Quran told about, so the version is clear and dogmatical which is relating with the prophet Nuh (A.S.), whereas here we haven’t a dogmatical version, Nor the matter is concerned with a prophet.

The answer: first That the mission is the same, that is the changes of injustice and depravity, and the employment as it is authorized to the prophet, it is already here authorized to whom Allah (s.w.) has also chosen him as the true narratives have mentioned. The Holy prophet (s.) declarated: {if there is no day remained from the world unless one day so Allah (s.w.) would prolong that day until He(s.w.) sends a man from my family who will fill the Earth with justice and


equity …}*

At-Taj Ajjamiē lil usool vol.5,p.343 as for the dogmatism of the tradition, which is related to Al-Mahdi (A.S.) reached the recurrence limit, which is obliged for the familiarity and certainly, so there is no disparity between the two authorities. Please review At–Taj jamiul usool vol.5p.341 and 360, so the successive transmission is narrated from Ash-Shawkani, and the investigators from the two groups reached to the saying that who atheist by Al-Mahdi (A.S.) he already atheist by the Messenger Mohammad(s.) and that is not unless it is truly proved by the successive transmission, and it is truly of the necessities of the religion, and who ever denied that he is atheist from all the religious doctrines. Please review Al-Ishāeh liashrat Al-Sāeh/by Al-Barzanji in his research about Al-Mahdi.

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THE SECOND RESEARCH

The Marvel and the long age

41

42

The Marvel and the long age

We have already known until now that the long age truly is scientifically possible but for example we suppose it is scientifically impossible, and the law of the senility is strict, and it is impossible for the humanity to overcome on it today, and on it’s long line, and to change its situations and conditions, so what does that mean? It truly means that the prolonging of the human age – as Nuh or al Mahdi (A.S.) for several centuries, is opposite to the natural laws which the science proved by the modern tools of the experience, and the induction, therefore this case becomes a Marvel which maimed a natural law in a specific case to keep on the life of the person whom entrusted with keeping on the heaven’s mission, and the Marvel is not the single from it’s kind, or a strange on the Muslim’s belief which is obtained from the text of the Quran, and the sunneh (Holy tradition).so the law of senility is more acuity than the law of the heat transmission from the hot body to the body which is less warmth until they will be equal. And this law is already idled to keep on the Ibrahim’s

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(A.S.) life, while the single way was to keep on the prophet Ibrahim’s life, so it said to the fire when Ibrahim (A.S.) was been thrown in it (We say: O, fire! be cold and peace to Ibrahim) Al-Anbia verse No 69, So He (A.S.) went out of it intact as He entered before, without any harm.

The examples of this are many in the natural laws that are vacated just to save the personality of the prophets, and the witnesses of God(S.W.) on the Earth. The sea was been tear asunder to Mosa (A.S.)1, And is been imitated to the Greek that they captured Isa2 {Jesus}, while they didn’t Captured him, and the messenger Mohammad (s.w.) went out of his home while it was surrounded with the crowds of Quraish who remained for long hours waiting for him in order to attack him, then Allah(S.W.) hidden him from their sights while He was walking among them3 All these cases are like natural laws which were idled to protect a person, since the authority of God seeked to keep on his life, so the law of the senility as one of these laws.

1 A mention to his (s.w.) saying: (Then we revealed to Musa: Stick the sea with your staff, so it had cloven asunder, and each part was like a huge mound). Ash-Shuara 63.

2 A mention to his (s.w.) saying: (And they did not kill him nor did they crucify him, but is appeared to them so (like Isa)) An-Nissaē:157.

3 Please review the book seerat-Ibn husham vol.2 p.127, he already related this event while it is accepted by the whole narrators.

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THE MARVEL AND THE LONG AGE

Perhaps it is possible for us to deduce from that with a general meaning that is when keeping on the life of Allah’s Authority “Hujjatul-lah” on the ground is contingent on the natural law idleness, and the continuity of that person life is necessary to carry out his mission for which He is prepared for. The divine providence interfered in the idleness of that law to realize that, and on the opposite is some one finished for which He was prepared by the divine, so He would die or would be martyrized according to what the natural laws would suggest.

According to this general Conception we usually face the following question:

How is it possible to idle the natural law?1

And how could the necessary relationship which takes place among the natural occurrences be broken? And wasn’t this unless opposition for the science which invented that natural law, and it abstracted this necessary relationship according to empiricism and inductive basics?!

1 It is perhaps said: that the law as a law it is certainly to be steady, so the idleness and tear is unimagined, and already some of them noticed that the tear truly must be in other law, as the matter as for the magnetism law, which necessitate the tugging of the things to words the center, although that the water ascend by the absorption operation in the plants from the root to the top by the capillaries, and this according to other law that is {peculiarity} please review the book: Al-Quran asry for a contemporary understanding by Dr. Mustafa Mahmood.


The response: the science itself already answered this question by the surrender from the necessity opinion in the natural law .and the explanation of that is: The natural laws truly that the science discovers them according to the trial and the regular notice, so when a natural occurrence happening could be even after another occurrence, by this evenness it would be deduced that the natural law, and that is truly when the first occurrence is found, the second occurrence is found after it, but the science did not suppose a necessary relationship in this natural law between these two occurrences which resulted from the essence of this occurrence, and it’s subject, and the essence of that occurrence and it’s subject; since the necessity is a metaphysical case, It is impossible for the test and the agencies of the scientifical and the inductive researches to improve it, for that the response of the modern science insisted that the natural law – as the science illustrated it isn’t resulted from a necessary relationship, even from a continuous junction between two occurrences1, so if the miracle happened and separated the two occurrences from the other in the natural law, and that wasn’t a separation for a necessary relationship between two occurrences.

In fact the miracle with it’s religious connotation, is already became batter understandable as it was

1 The martyr Sadre is already simplified the saying in this matter in his book our philosophy so, please review the p.295 and 299.

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under the classical point of view for the causal relationships.

So the previous point of view was already supposed that every two occurrences which the linking between them is evened, so the relationship among them is necessary, and the necessity means that it is impossible to separate one of the two occurrences from the other.

But this relationship is changed in the style of the modern science into the coupling law or the sequenced continuance1 between the two occurrences without supposing that invisible necessity.

And for that, the marvel becomes extra ordinary case for this evenness in the coupling and the sequence without the opposing with a necessity or leads forwards the impossibility.

As for the logical fundamentals of induction2, We

agreed with the modern scientifical point of view, that the

induction truly didn’t improve the relationship of the

necessity between the two phenomenons, but we see that it

1 Please review Our philosophy :p. 282 and the other following pages.

2 Please review the explanation and the illustration of the theory in the “logical fundamentals of induction”, so the martyr Imam Sadre “may God be pleased with him” came to an important and momentous invention in the field of the knowledge with a general manner.


shows the shared interpretation availability for the

evenness of the assembly or the sequences between the

two phenomenons continually, and this common

interpretation as it is possible to be informed according to

the supposition that a wisdom is prompted the arranger of

the cosmos to combine specific phenomenons with other

phenomenons continually, and this wisdom itself some

time invite to the exception so that the miracle could be

happened.

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THE THIRD RESEARCH

Why is this whole desire toprolong His (A.S.) age

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Why is this whole desire to

prolong His (A.S.) age

Now we discuss the second question that is:

Why is this whole desire from God(S.W.) for this human selfsame. All the natural laws must be idled in order to prolong his life? Then why is the leadership of the promised day couldn’t be late for a person, whom will be resulted by the future. And the indications of that promised day will prepare him, so He will be prominent on the area, and He will carry his expected role out.

In other word: what is the benefit from this long absence and what is the justification for it?

The numerous of people are asking this a question while they are hopeless to hear a metaphysical answer, rather we believe that the twelve Imams are a singular series1 it is impossible to change any of them, but those

1 As a sign to the Shiīt Ithna Asharia Imamia belief which is based on the proofs of the philosophical and traditional sciences, and in special according to the widely transmitted Ath-Thakalain tradition “I have left among you that if you adhere to them you will never go astray: The Book of God, and the members of my House”. Please review Sahih muslim vol.4 p.1873, and review As-Sawaaikul-Muhrika. By Ibn Hijr: p.89 in which he said: then you know that for

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inquirers are truly demanding with a social interpretation for the position, according to the perceivable truths of the great change activity, itself and the understandable requisites of the promised day.

by passing on this basis, we put out the characteristics aside temporarily, that we believe in the availability of in it these infallible Imams1 and put the following question forth:

Regarding to the expected change activity through the promised day, as it is understandable in the light of the life norms and it is experiences, can we consider his long age of their preserved leader as a factor from the factors of making a success for it, which enables him to practice it and lead it by the utmost border?

the tradition of the adherence with that several ways which came from above the twenty of the companions of the prophet. And also his(s) saying:” They will not separate from other until They enter into me at the fountain abundance and until his saying The caliphs after me are twelve whole of them are from Quraish”. And the signification as a whole is the establishment of this meaning.

1 The Holy prophet (s.) mentioned the characteristics and the roles of the Infallible Imams, and their missions with their functions, and they are the deliverers of the Islamic law, and the ships of the rescue, and the safety of the nation and the protectors of the nation from the error as it is mentioned in Ath-Thaqalain tradition, and the tradition of will not be separated, and both of them maintain their infallibility, it is incredible, that they are the protectors of the nation from the error, and they will not separate form the infallible Qurān, while they are not infallible!! Please review these subjects: The general principals of the comparative jurisprudence / by the intellectual Muhammad Taqi Al – Hakeem / The research of the prophet’s practice validity: p. 169 ….

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WHY IS THES WHOLE DESIRE TO PROLONG HIS (A.S.) AGE

thus we answer that by the positive for several reasons as the following:

The great change activity truly requires a unique psychological setting in the leader who practices it and which is full with the feelings of superiority and the feeling with the dwindling of the supercilious entities, for which the eliminating is prepared and change it’s civilization into a new world.

so as much as the leader’s heart can survive, and who is the changer of the feeling with the insipidity if the civilization by whom He struggles, and obvious sense, that is just appoint on the long line of the human civilization, it becomes powerful from the psychological aspect1 in order to face it, and to stand against it, and to continue with his efforts opposite it up to the victory.

It is clear that the desired volume from this psychological sense agree with the volume of the change itself, and what is intended to omit from the civilization and entity, whenever the meeting was to a greater entity more established, and heighest, it seeked a greater propel from this replete spiritual sense.

1 The historical leader must be ready psychically and be prepared as a suitable preparation to carry out this mission. This affair is undisputed, so if we turned to the holy Qurān, we would find it discourses about this affair through the history of the prophets by a very clear style, and particular relating to the prophet Nuh (A.S.) which is a matter that strikes the sight and the view, and perhaps for the similarity and the identification in the role and the mission which are interested to them, as the martyr sadre {May God be pleased with him} has told about it.


since the mission of the promised day is to change a world, which is filled up with the injustice and oppression, a general change with the whole of it’s cultural morals and various entities, of course this mission is searching for individual who is greatest with his sense of that whole world, for a person who is not from the generations of that world who grew up under the effect of this civilization, for which it is wanted to be damaged.

to substitute the civilization of justice, and right instead of that, since the person who grows up under the shadow of the established civilization which established the world with its authority, morals and its thoughts, who lives with the feeling of the dignity against it, because He was born while it was established and grew up since He was a little, and it was tremendous. He opened his eyes in the world, through which He didn’t find unless the various appearances of it.

and in a contrary of that, a person who goes deeply in the history that He lived before, and that civilization truly found the blossoms, and He saw the great civilizations which governed the world one after the other, and then they are damaged and collapsed1.

1 We can approach this meaning by what we have survived and seen the raising and improvement of the soviet-union, until it became the second center in the power of the world. And it participates the civilization power and the political supremacy with America, and both of them mounted the atmospheres of the space, and then we saw the collapse and the rupture of the members of the soviet union as the regular speed of the fall, How much effect it had? And how much of deep meaning in it?

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He saw that by his true eyes and didn’t read it in the history books ......, then He saw the civilization for which predetermined to be the last section of the human story and that will be before the promised day, He saw it while it was a little seed that couldn’t be seen unless by difficulty, and then He saw it while it was already taking place in the human social entrails, and while it was looking for the opportunity to grow and emerge, and then He coeval with it, while it already began to grow and advance, and attacked by the deterioration one time and got success in other time, and then He attended it while it was flourishing and became a giant, and gradually dominated on the whole authorities of the world completely.

A person of these situations, who lived the whole these periods with complete insight and attention, while He was watching at this giant, which He wanted to struggle with from the corner of the long historical extension whom He lived it with it in his full sense, not through the books of the history, but He looks at it not as inevitable predestination, nor as {Jean Jacques Rousseau}1 who considered the kingdom in French, so it was already

narrated about him that He was afraid, when He imagined France without a king, although He was one

1 Jean Jacques Rousseau {1712- 1778} a French writer and philosopher that some of the critics considered him as the outmost face influence in the modern French literature and the modern philosophy, and his writtings and essays arranged for the French revolution, and the most famous of his publications is {The social riddle}.


from the great philosophical, and intellectual propagandists for advancing the existing political situation through that time, since {Rousseau} grew up under the royalty, and breathed it’s air during all his life. However this person who is penetrated deeply within the history, so He has the gravity of the history, and the power of the history, and the replete sense that what is surrounding him from the beings and civilization, which are resulted in one day from the history, the means are fulfilled for it and the means also will be fulfilled so it will be vanished, nothing will be reminded, from it as nothing was found from it in the nearest or Fareast recently. The historical ages of the civilizations and beings truly however they are prolonged, they aren’t unless short days from the long age of the history. Have you read Al- Kahf chapter? and have you read about those youths who believed in their lord and He (S.W.) increased them in guidance?1

and they faced ruling pagan regime, which hadn’t mercy up on anyone and didn’t stop to strangulate any seed of the monotheism and the raising from the polytheism unit, so their souls became powerless, and the desperation enters into themselves, and the vents of the hope were closed in front of their eyes, so they resorted to the cave while they were seeking a solution for their difficulty, from God (S.W.) after the solutions fatigued them, and it became greater, that the oppression is

1 It is a sign to the blessed Quranic verse: surely they were youths, who believed in their lord and we increased them in guidance Al Kahf: 13, and please review the interpretation of it in Al- Kash- shaaf book by Az- Zam akhshari vol. 2 p. 706.

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continuing to umpire to wrong and to subdue the right and to kill every one whose heart palpitates for the right.

Do you know what Allah (S.W.) acted up on them?He (S.W.) had put them into a sleep for three hundred

and nine years1 in the cave, then He (S.W.) had waken them from the sleep, and held them for the life theatre, while that being which was surprising them with his power and injustice is already collapsed and declined, and became a history that could not scare any one, and couldn’t move a tranquil thing, the whole of that was for these young men to see the demise of that injustice and which his circulation power and, continuity, and to see the end of his order with their eyes, and the injustice became little in their minds.

Indeed if this clear view is found for the fellows of the cave with the whole of what it was included from psychical height and impetus through that unparalleled phenomenon which prolonged their life for three hundred years, so the same thing will be occurred to the expected leader through his long life, that gives opportunity to him in order to see the giant while He is a pygmy, and the lofty tree, while it is a seed and the hurricane while it is just as a breeze2

1 And they remained in their cave three hundred years, and {some} add {another} nine. {AL- Kahf: 25}.

2 And whole of that have a role in the education of him and the preparation of him, which was special preparation, including that he has the deep and comprehensive view, as well as he (A.S.) finds by himself the dwindling of those arrogant people who fill the world with the hubbub and tumult, while they scare the people, and this watching


In addition to that, the experience which the escorting of these sequential cultures that provide him (A.S.) with, and the direct facing for it’s movement and progressions has a great effect in the intellectual preparation, and to deepen the experience of the leadership of the promised day; since it puts the saved individual in front of several practices of the others including the whole points of the weakness and the power, and the kinds of the errors with true, which supplies the individual a greater ability to evaluate the social phenomenon with the perfect attention on its origins, and all the historical circumstances.

Thus the stored change activity of the expected leader is passing on the basic of a specific mission, that is the mission of Islam, and it is of course this activity in this case requires a leader who is close to the principal sources of Islam, while his personality is already constructed a perfect structure in autonomous shape, and separated from the effect of the civilization that assumed for the promised day to fight them.

Then on the contrary of that, the person who is born and grown up under the protection of this civilization, his feelings and thoughts will be effloresced within the limitation of it. Then He often can’t liberate from the reminding of that civilization and its principals, even though He led a transformational charge.

qualifies him more and more to perform his universal mission for the change, that is to fill the earth with the injustice, after it has been filled with the injustice this in addition to the particular divine providence, and his self capabilities.

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So in order to be sure that the saved leader will not be affected by the civilization for which He is perfected to change, it is inevitable that his personality is already structured a perfected structure within a previous cultural stage, which is the nearest in the general spirit and from the aspect of the origin for the cultural state, which the promised day moves to achieve it by the leadership of his own1.

1 It is impossible for a person to expostulate, that the prophet (S.)

was living under the patronage of the ignorant through this nationality

of his mission and his great change function, so that he was not

effected by it, and also as for the previous prophets, so what is the

interpretation of this opinion? The answer for this:

A- The prophet (S.) is actually subjected for a state of a complete

isolation from the ignorant culture, and it is truly as it is narrated

through the prophetic biography, that the privacy is already made

interested for him, and he (s.) was isolated in heraē cave to devote

himself to worship, and also the prophets were away from what their

societies were on, and they were isolated, and for that it is mentioned

in the holy Qurān as He (S.W.) said {so when he withdrew from them

and what they worshipped besides Allah, we gave him Ishaq .....}

marium: 49.

B- It is revealed to the prophet, while He (S.) is directly supported

from the heaven, and He (S.) is informed with the activities and steps

which he may follow, step by step, and as for the Imam (A.S.) it is not

THE FOURTH RESEARCH

mentioned- according the Imamia belief, and he isn’t informed

directly from the heaven. Surely he is supported and included under

the divine providence, so he (A.S.) needs for a particular preparation.So in the same time which he will be closed and contacted with the

Islamic tradition, he (A.S.) derived the excellence, knowledge and science from his grandfathers (A.S.), He will be aware from all the humanity experiences, and the civilizations in their development, and the factories of the origin and authority of them, and also their failing with the factories of their weakness and collapse, so He (A.S.) derives the experience, the ability and the comprehension with the whole orders, this in addition to our belief with the scientific personal abilities of the Imam (A.S.) that Allah (S.W.) had given him, and so He (A.S.) is supported from the heaven, as it will be clear for us through the fourth research.

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How the preparation of the expected Leader has been

completed?

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How the preparation of the expected Leader has been completed?

Now we come on the third inquiry as the following:

How will the preparation of the expected leader be achieved while He (A.S.) didn’t live with his father Al- Imam Al- Askari (A.S.) unless five years approximately? Which is the childhood period, and that is not enough to the leader’s personality maturation, so what are the situations through which He was perfected?.

The response:Al- Mahdi (A.S.) followed his father in the

muslims leadership. And that means He truly as an Imam had the whole spiritual and intellectual content of the Imamat {leadership} since the very early time of his Holy life.

A group of his previous fathers (A.S.) preceded him to the leadership {Imamat} so Imam Mohammad

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the son of Al- Jawaad (A.S.) got the leadership on while He was eight years old1

AL-Imam Ali the son of Muhammad Al- Haadi who got on the leadership while He was nine years old2, and al- Imam Abu muhammad Al Hassan Al- Askari (A.S.)3 the father of the expected leader who got on the leadership while He was twenty-two years old.

It is observed that the early leadership phenomenon it is up-to it’s utmost through Imam Al- Mahdi and Al- Imam Al- Jawaad’s (A.S.) personality.

We called it as a phenomenon since it originates a scientifical palpable denotation regarding to Imam Al- Mahdi’s fathers (A.S.) which Muslims had lived before and that they were aware of it inspite their experiences related to the Imam (A.S.) in a way or other, and it is impossible for us to demand with the establishment of one phenomenon from the

1 Please review: Al- Fusool- Al- Muhimmeh. By Ibn Il- sabbkh- Al Maliki Al- Malki {T. 855 A.H.} And review: Al Irshaad by Ash- Sheik Al- Mufeed: p.316.

2-3 Please review the epilogue in the leaderships, history {Al- Tatimeh fee tawarekh Al- Aēmeh by As- syeed Tag Al- deen Al- Aamili one of the knowers of the eleventh century A.H, the publish of Al- bietheh institution- Qom. and Review: Al sawaaēq al Muhrikeh by Ibn Hijr: p.123- 124, that he mentioned a part of Imam AlMahdi’s behavior and his chrisms.

3

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WHO THE PREPARATION OF THE EXPECTED LEDERE

occurrences which is more intelligible4 and forceful than the nations experience, for that we explain this meaning through the following points:

A- The Imamat in Ahlul-Bait (A.S.), wasn’t a way center that the king inherits the power from his father, And He will be supported by the role of his government, like the ruling regime supported it as the fatimian’s caliph leadership {Imamat}, and the succession of Abbasian caliphs, but it was assuming the loyalty of it’s vast popular principals by the means of the spiritual disturbing, and the intellectual satisfaction of this principals by worthiness of this Imamat {leadership} to guide Islam, and to lead it according to intellectual and spiritual principalities.

B - These popularity groups are truly stated since the beginning of Islam, and they grew up, and extended through the two Imams al- Baqir and As- Sadiq’s (A.S.) epoch, and the school that was been taken care by these two Imams have innermost of these groups that became in forming a vast intellectual tendency within the Islamic world, and that included hundreds of jurist scholars and

4 Please review: Al- Irshaad by Ash- Shaikh Al- Mufeed: p. 319 and after this As- Sawaaequt Muhriqeh: p. 123- 124.

The narrators narrated the dialogue which took place between Imam al – Jawaad {a.s.} and yahya the some of Aktham through the period of Al – Maēmoon, and How Imam could proof his scientism and his ability to confute the opponent he was through his early age.


commentators and the knowers from a different kind of Islamic and humanitarian knowledge, which were known at that time, even Al- Hassan the son of Ali Al- Wash- Shaē said: when I have entered Al- Kufeh mosque I saw nine hundred sheikhs1, all of them were saying. Jaēfar the son of mohammad told us.

C - The conditions that this school, and like it the popular groups in the Islamic group that you believed in it, that you practice it lows, to appoint the Imam and to know his fitting for the leadership {Imamat}, according to them, they are difficult conditions; since they believe that the Imam couldn’t be appointed as an Imam unless He could be the must knowledgeable of his era2.

1 Please review: Al- Majaalis As- Sanyah by As- Syeed Al- Ameen Al- Aamili vol. 5: p. 205, and this affair is a famous which the prominent and the common people reported.

And also review Sihah Al- Akhbaar book by Mohammad Sirajud- deen Al- Rifaēi: p. 44 related from Imam As- Sadiq, and the four Doctrines book by Asad Haidar: vol. 1: p.06. And Ibn Hijr narrated in As-Sawaaiequl- Muhrikeh p. 120: {Jafar As- Sadiq, that people narrated from him of the sciences, which is the caravans carried, and it’s celebration is separated through the whole countries, and the great leaders narrated from him as Yahya the son of Sāeed and Ibn Juraij, Malik, As- Sufyani, Abi Haneefeh, Shuebeh and Ayub As- Sikhtyani..).

2 Since Imam was the most knowledgeable of his era’s inhabitants, this matter is agreeable by Shiīts. Please review the eleventh chapter by the intellectual Al- Hilli, while they (A.S.) were presented more than one test to confirm this claim, so they succeeded in them.

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D- The school and it popular groups were presenting the great sacrifices in the way of the resistance on it’s belief with the leadership, since it was informing a hostile error in the view of the temporary caliphate, and at least from the intellectual aspect even the matter which resulted that regime taking up on torturing and Killing campaign continually approximately, several people were killed and imprisoned, and the hundreds loosed their lives in the darkness of prisons, which means that the belief in the leadership {Imameh} of Ahlul-Bait (A.S.) cost them expensively1, and there is nothing of the temptation for the person unless what believer feels with the believing or that He supposed the rapprochement to Allah (S.W.) and the rank at God (S.W.).

E- The Imams whom the groups submitted to them by the allegiance and leadership weren’t isolated from them, nor they confined in elevated towers as the roles have usually done with their nations, and they

Please review: As-Sawaaiqul- Muhrikeh by Ibn Hijr p. 123. He already elaborately mentioned this affair about Yahya Ibn Aktham’s argumentation’s about Imam Al- Jawaad (A.S.).

1 The believing in the leadership of Ahlul-Bait’s Imams truly cost their followers the numerous and the value, so this is established historically that there is no way to renounce it, and the eyes witness is also indicating to the absent.

please review Mukatilut- Talibyeen book / by Abel - Farajul- Asfahani.


were not vanished from them unless that the sultan carry them away by the prison or punishment, and we know through the great number of the narrators and the inspired relators about every one of the eleven Imams, and through what is narrated from the writings, which were occurred between the Imam and his coetaneous people, and through what Imam was doing as journeys from aside, and through the agents of his own in the different fields of the Islamic world from other side, and through what the followers {shiīts} have gotten habit of the inspection and visits of their Imams in Madinah Munawwarah, when they go to the Holy house from every where to do the pilgrimage in junction1.

All that obliged a continual communication between the Imam and his extended groups through the Islamic regions in a distinct measure with the various classes from the scholars, and others than them.

F- The contemporary caliphat for the Imams (A.S.) was looking at them and their spiritual leadership and Imamat as a great danger source for their being, and

1 The Imams have already recommended their followers as the several narratives mentioned.

Please review: Usoolul- Kaafi book vol. 1: p. 322 and Al- Hujjeh book, section 2, it is an obligated on the people, that when they finished their ceremonies, they came to the Imam and asked him about their religion and matters, and to declare their loyalty and friendly to him.

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worthies, then according to this principality, it made all the efforts, and tries in the way of destroying this leadership, and been patience in the several negativism’s in case of it.

And sometimes it seemed with autocracy and strictness aspects, when the ensuring of it’s situations compelled it for that, so the detention and pursuit campaigns for the Imams themselves were continued, although that truly results from the sense of the felling or the disgust at muslims, and all the people who are the supporters from different classes.

If we took these six points into the consideration, while they are historical facts indubitably, we could get with a result that is:

The early leadership {Imameh} phenomenon truly was a practical phenomenon, and wasn’t a fiction of the illusions; since the Imam who appeared on the theatre while He was a little boy, He declared himself as a spiritual and intellectual leader {Imam} for muslims, and all that tendency admitted with the friendship and leadership to him. It is definitely that He must be on a perfect clear once and noticeable but great quality from the knowledge of science, and the vast thought, capacity and the mastery from the interpretation, doctrines, and jurisprudence, because if He (A.S.) wasn’t so, the groups couldn’t declare their belief with his leadership {Imameh}.


In addition to what is mentioned in the previous time, that Imams in positions which allowed to their groups to interact with them and because of the different limelight to be thrown up on their life and their personalities and characteristics.

Do you ever see the boy who will nominate himself for the leadership of his own, and will make himself as a chief for Islam while He is at the sight and hearing of, the people from his public groups.

Then they will believe in him, and they will try to give value from their safety, and life, in the way of that aim, and do not bother themselves to discover his actual situation, and that phenomenon of this early leadership {Imameh} dos not shake them in order to research the fact of this position and to evaluate this young Imam1?

Then suppose that people didn’t move to scout the position, so is it possible for the days and months but years to pass on this matter without the exposure of the fact inspite of the continually natural reaction between the young boy Imam and the whole people?

Is it honestly and from the wise that He has been actually a juvenile in his mind and his science, and that will not be exposed through this long communication?

1 A mention to Imam Al- Mahdi (A.S.), and before that to Imam Al- Jawad (A.S.) for example.

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And if we assumed that it was impossible for the popular groups of Ahlul- Bait’s leadership to discover the reality of the matter, so why the present caliphate kept silent and didn’t try to declare the fact if it was agreed with its benefit?

And however it was easy for the existed authority, if that young Imam was a child in his thought, and culture as it is usually, in the children, and it results for not meriting the Imamat, and spiritual leadership, and thought. If it’s difficult to satisfy that someone at the age of forty of fifty can not merit the leadership, that doesn’t mean there is a difficult satisfaction for the child to not merit it, however intelligent and meriting the Imamat, with it’s meaning which was known by Imamia1 shiīts.

And this was easier and simplest than the compound ways, and the curbing with the temerity techniques that the regime followed at that time.

The single interpretation of that temporary caliphat ubstaining from the play by this paper2 was the

1 That means, it is obligation that he (A.S.) must be the best of the people, and the most knowledgeable as a belief of Imamia Ithna Asharia.

Please review Haqul-Yakeen Fee maerifat usool Ad-deen by sayeed Abdul-lah Shubber {1242 A.H.} vol. 1: p. 141. the third intention.

2 Intended that they presented the young Imam against the public for the test in order to show them the fact of the matter.


perceiving of it, that the early leadership {Imameh} was an actually phenomenon and not artificial thing.

And truly it really perceived that, after it tried to play with that paper, but it couldn’t, and the history told us about attempts from this type, and the flop of them1, while the history didn’t tell us yet about a position in which the early leadership phenomenon tottered or the young Imam faced an embarrassment which overcome on his ability or shake the belief of the people by him.

And this is the meaning that we have mentioned about the early leadership phenomenon, which is actual phenomenon through the life of Ahlul-Bait (A.S.), and it wasn’t save a supposition, also this actual phenomenon truly has it’s roots and it’s similar cases in the tradition of the heaven, which extended through the missions and leaderships.

There is an example for the early leadership phenomenon in the tradition of the heaven about, Ahlul- Bait (A.S.) that is Yahya, that Allah (S.W.) said {O, Yahya: take hold of the Book with strength,

1 Almaēmoon has already done that, and what have Imam Al Jawaad (A.S.) of the jurisprudence the and science is declarated and become clear at the particular from the scientists, please review Al- sawaaiqul-Muhriqeh book. By Ibn Hijr: p.123.

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and granted him wisdom while yet a child mariam vers: 12.

And when it is proved that the early leadership is a really phenomenon, and it is actually existed in the Ahlul- Bait’s (A.S.) life, So there is no objection regarding to the leadership of Al- Mahdi (A.S.) and appointing him (A.S.) after his father, while He was a child1.

1 The faithful people of shiīts alrady saw Imam Al- Mahdi and communicated with him and took the for nations from him, as it was occurred by the way of the four vices. Please review Tabsiratul wali fiman rae al- Qaāim Al- Mahdi / by Al- bahraani, Al- Irshaad / by Al- shaikh Al- Mufeed: p. 345, and please review Tafseal an wafyan Feeddifaē Anel- kafi / Asyeed kaafi Al- Ameedi vol. 1: p. 535.


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THE FIFTH RESEARCH

How can we believe that Al- Mahdi is already existing?

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How can we believe that Al- Mahdi

is already existing?

Now we come over the fourth question and that is:Suppose that the hypothesis of the expected leader

is possible with the whole what is included from the long age, early leadership and silent absence, so the possibility is actually not enough for the conviction of him (A.S.).

How can we actually believe in the existence of Al Mahdi?

Is it enough that some of the narratives which are narrated from the prophet (S.), which are found into the books for the entire conviction by the twelfth Imam, inspite of what is there of the strangeness and out from the inhabited in this supposition?

But how can we improve that there is actually a historical existence for Imam Al- Mahdi (A.S.) and it was not only a supposition, that the spiritual

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circumstance is available to stabilize him in the minds of great number from the people1?

The response: Al-Mahdi’s opinion truly as the expected leader to change the world into the best, is already came in the general traditions of the Holy prophet, and in the narratives of Ahlul- Bait’s (A.S.) in particularly, and which are maintained in several texts to the extend that is impossible to be doubted, and (400) four hundred traditions from the prophet (s.) are already counted from our brothers Ahlul- sunnah’s2 way, and also the narratives total which have come about Imam Al-Mahdi from Ash-shiīts and Sunnis ways, were more than six thousand narratives3, and this is a great statistical number. It’s parallel, couldn’t be found in the several of a priori Islamic

1 These inquiries are suggested by the Martyr Sayeed Muhammad Baqir ul- sadre as of the paradoxes which were raised and usually were brought forth about Al- Mahdi (A.S.) and which is the utmost of what is brought forth in this regard, even truly some of contemporary writers already raised it at last who were propelled by un scientifical impulses, and that evocation is accompanied by a condensed clamor, and pitiful attempts from the wahabian to circulate and adopt it, so the motives will not be ambiguous for any one after that the martyr Imam sadre answered with a scientifical replay to whom that he wanted the fact.

2 Please review Al Mahdi book by As - Syeed {the uncle} As- Sadre, and review: what is written by Sheikh Al- Ibaad in the Islamic universal Magazine / No. 3 year 1969 and review: Al- Mahdi Al- mawaud Al- Muntazar / by Asheikh najimuddeen Al- Askari.

3 Please review Muntakab Al- Athar Fee Al- Imam Ath- theni ashar book / by ashaikh lutf Al- lah As- safe. {the martyr sadre}.

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WHO CAN WE BELIEVE THAT AL-MAHDI IS ALREADY EXISTING?

matters, in which Muslims usually doesn’t have adopted.

And as for this idea embodiment in the twelfth Imam (A.S.) there are enough and clear justifications are found for the contentment with him.

It is possible to sum these justifications up in two evidences:

The first is Islamic one.And the other is scientifically. By the Islamic

evidence we prove the existence of the expected leader.

And by the scientifical evidence we prove only that Al- Mahdi is not truly as a myth and only supposition, but as a truth, it’s existence is proved by the historical experience.

But for the Islamic evidence:That is embodied through the hundreds of the

stated narratives which came from the prophet (s.)1, and the Imams from Ahlul- Bait (A.S.), and which deals with the appointment of Imam Al Mahdi (A.S.), and He is truly from Ahlul- Bait (A.S.)2

1 Please review: Muējam Ahaadeeth Al- Imam Al – Mahdi (A.S.) book / by the Islamic knowledge institution / vol. 1- the traditions of the prophet.

2 It is brought out by Ahmad, Ibm Abi shaibeh, Ibn Majeh, Naēim Ibm hammad, im Al- Fitan from Ali (A.S.), said the prophet (S.) said {Al- Mahdi is from us, Ahlul- Bait, Allah will support him in one


From fatima’s sons1,And from Al-Hussein’s progeny2,And He is truly the ninth one from Al- Hussein’s

sons3

And truly the Khaliphs are twelve4.

night}.Please review: Al- Hawwilil Fataawi book / by Al Syuti vol. 2 p.

213, 215. And it is mentioned in it also: It is brought out by Ahmad, Ibn Abe Shaibeh and Dawood, from Ali (A.S.) from the prophet (S.) as he said: {If there is no days remained from the epoch unless one day, Allah (S.W.) will have send a man from my family who will fill the earth with justice as it before filled with injustice}. And please review: Saheh Sunan Al Mustafa: vol.2 p.207 and Sunan Ibn Majeh vol. 2 p.4085 year 1367 A.H. And review: Muejam Ahadeeth Al Mahdi: vol. 1: p.147 and the pages after it. Which narrates multiple traditions from Al- Sahah and the chains of traditionalists in this aspect.

And review: Mawsuat Al- Imam Al Mahdi the arrangement of Mahdi Faqih Imami vol. 1, in which photographed narratives from several books about Al Mahdi and his characteristics and every that regard to him (A.S.) and there is a copy of Shaikhul- Ibaad’s lecture about what is coming from the traditions and narratives in Al- Mahdi (A.S.).

1 Al- Haawilil Fataawi book / by Al- Sywti Jalaluddin vol. 2 p. 214: and Abu Dawood with Ibn Majeh, at- Tabraani and Al- Hakim from Ummu Salameh said: I heared the Prophet (S.) said: {al Mahdi is from my progeny of Fatima’s sons}, and review Sahih Sunanul- Mustafa book / Abi Dawood vol. 2 p. 208.

2 The tradition of Al Mahdi from Al- Hussein’s (A.S.) progeny, as it is mentioned in the following references according to what is narrated in Al- Mahdi traditions exiguous which are {The Fourtieth traditions by abi Nāem Al- Asfahaani as it am in Akdul- durer book /

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These narratives distinct that general opinion and show it in the 12th Imam from Ahlul Bait (A.S.).

These narratives reached a great number of the multitude and circulation through the Imams (A.S.) precaution and reservation in presenting that on the public level, in order to protect Imam Al- Mahdi (A.S.) from the assassination or the quick dispatch1.

by Al- Maqdisi Ash- Shafiey, and it is brought out by At-Tabaraani, and in Al- Seereh Al- Halabya vol. 1: p. 193, and in Al- Kawl Al- Mukhtassar book / by Ibn Hijr. Please review Muntakhabul- Athar book / by Shaikh Lutfallah As - Saafi in that he narrated from Al- shiits books, and review Tawheenul- Riwayeh which profess that he is from Al- Hassan’s (A.S.) sons As- Sayeed Al- Ameedi’s book {difaē Annil- kaafi vol. 1: p. 296}.

3 Please review the narrative which tells that he is the nineth of Al- Hussein’s sons in Yanabiē ul-Mawaddeh by Al- Qundoozi Al- Hanafi: p.492, and in Maktalul- Imam Al- Hussein by Al- Khawaarzimi vol. 1: p. 196, And in Fraeidul- Simtain / by Al Juwaini Al- Shaafiey vol. 2: p. 310- 315 .

The traditions from 561- 569, and please review Muntakhabul- Athar book / by the intellectual Ash- Shaikh As- Safee who brought them out from the ways of the two parties {dkfae- Annil- Kaafi vol. 1: p. 294}.

4 The tradition {The caliphs after me are twelve all of them are from Quraish} or {This religion will still be existing till twelve all them are from Quraish managed it}.

This tradition is widely transmitted, the sihahs and the chains of the narrators narrated it from several ways even if it different some thing in it’s text. Yes, they disbelieved and disturbed in the interpretation of it. Sahih- Al - Bukhare vol. 9 p.101 Al- Ahkaam section, Al- Istikhlaaf chapter. Sahih-Muslim vol. 2 p. 119 Al-Imareh section. Musnad Ahmad vol. 5: p. 90, 93, 97.


And is not the multitude number of the narratives, that are the only base to accept them, but there is an addition to that, which also attributes for an evidences that prove it’s reality, so the holy Prophetic tradition about the Imams, or the caliphs or the commanders after him, that they are twelve imams or caliphs or commanders, according to what the authors have already enumerated the narratives in different ways, and the narratives had been counted, which reached more than two hundred and seventy narratives1, which had been gotten from the famous of the tradition books of shiīts And sunnah, including Al-Bukhari2, Muslim3, Al- Turmuthi4 Abidawood5, Musnad Ahmed4, And Mustadrak Al- Hakim Ala- Sahihain5.

1 Please review Al- Khaibatul - Kubra {the long absence} / by Sayeed Muhammad Al - Sadre p. 272 and the pages after this.

1 Please review Tajj Al- Jaameā Lelusool vol. 3: p. 40 He mentioned: the two sheik and At- Tirmuthi narrated it, and please review the investigation and the way of the tradition and it’s chain of the narrators in Al- Imam Al Mahdi book / by / Ali Muhammad Ali: Al- Dikheel.

2 Sahih Al- Bukhari / vol. 3 / p 101 Al- Ahkaam section Al- Istkhlaaf Chapter.

3_ 5 Please review Tajjul- Jameā Lilusool vol. 3: p. 40: The two Sheiks and At- Turmuthi narrated this tradition, and in the footnote he said: Abu Aswood narrated that in. Al Mahdi’s section by the term {while the religion is existing till twelve caliphs come to you ...}, and pleas review sunan Abi Dawood vol. 2: p 207.

4 Musnad Ahmad vol. 5 p 93, 100.5 Al- Mustadrak on Al- Sahihain vol. 3 p. 618.

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And it can be observed here that Al-Bukhari who narrated this tradition, was a coeval to Imam Al-Jawaad and the two Imams Al-Haadi and Al-Askari, and in that great significance; since it proves that the tradition is already recorded from the prohet (S.), before it’s meaning took place, and before the opinion of the twelve Imams should be completed, and that means there is no doubt that the narration of the tradition was effected by the situations of the ithna ashari Imamian, and as an influence of it; since the false traditions that attributed to the prophet (S.), while they were influenced or justified of a late situation through a time that can antecede that situation for which they informed a reflection to it in it’s declaration, and recording, and while we already had the material evidence, that the mentioned tradition proceeded the historical sequence of the twelve Imams, and it is checked up in the books of the traditions before the completion of the Ithna a shari Imamian reality, it is impossible for us to be sure that the tradition was not as a reflection of a special situation, but it was interpretation about a divine fact, that is pronounced with who doesn’t speak out from desire1, so He said {truly the caliphs after me are twelve}2, and the Ithna Ashari Imami have came,

1 It is a sign to His (S.W.) saying {Nor does he speak out of desire, It is naught but revelation that is revealed} An- Najm. verse 3- 4.

2 The chain of the tradition is preceded.


while it began from Imam Ali and finally ended with Al- Mahdi to be the single and reasonable1 application for that Holy prophetic tradition.

As for the scientifical evidence:It is truly a result from an experience that the

nation from the people had lived through a period which extended to 70 years approximately, which was the period of the short absence, and in order to explain that, we introduce for that by giving a brief idea about the short absence2.

The short absence truly expresses about the first period of the leadership of the expected leader (A.S.). It is already predetermined for this Imam since He (A.S.) got the leadership {Imameh} to hide him self from the universal eyes, and to remain with his name far from the events, although He was near to them with his heart and mind, and it is observed that this absence can cause a great impact for the public groups of the leadership {Imameh} in the Islamic nation if it was happened suddenly, because these groups were

1 The Knowers disturbed in the interpreting of this tradition after they have agreed on the truth of it, and what that disturbance adduced from the substantiations that disagreeable, but some of them were completely unreasonable.

Please review what sayeed thamir Al- Ameedy has narrated from their sayings, and he already discoursed this matter as a scientifical and adequate argumentation, and concealed their interpretations.

2 Please review Al- Khaibatul- Sukhra / by sayeed Muhammad Al- Sadre. He sadre has already treated it’s research exhaustively.

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used to meet the Imam in every era and to communicate with him (A.S.), and return to him to solve the various difficulties, so if the Imam (A.S.) become suddenly invisible to his followers and they felt with severance from the intellectual and spiritual leadership of them, and this sudden absence1 causes the feeling with the astronomical determination vacancy, it must destroy the whole entity and to disciple it’s union, so it is been obligatory facilitate for this absence; and for the groups to be familiar with this situation gradually, and to adopt themselves step by step according to this situation, and this preparation was the short absence through which Imam Al- Mahdi (A.S.) become invisible to the universal theatre, but He (A.S.) was in continual and connection with his groups and followers by the way of his trustee vices, and the expert of his followers who were informing the connection’s point between him and the believers of his Imamian’s way2.

The charge of the behalf of Imam is occupied by four people, whom the groups agreed with their piety caution, and they honesty that they lived in, and those mentioned are the following:

1- Al- Umar Osman the son of sāeed.1 As a sign to the great absence.2 pleas review Tabsiratul- Wali Feemanrēa Al- Mahdi Al- Qāim.

Book, By sayeed hashim Al- Baharaani. Defending from Al- Kafee book / By sayeed thamir Al- Amidi vol. 1 p. 568 and the pages after it.


2- Al- Umar Muhammad the son of Osman the son of sāeed.

3- Al- Hussein the son of Rouh Abul- Qassim.4- Ali the son of Mohammad As- samari {Abul

Hassan}.These four1 individuals have already practiced their

charges of this deputy-ship according to the mentioned arrangement and when one of them died, the other vice took his place, who must follow him according to appointment by Imam Al- Mahdi (A.S.).

The vice was connecting with the followers and carrying their inquiries to the Imam and submitting their difficulties to him (A.S.) and then He was carrying his responses sometimes orally or always written by the papers for2 them.

People already faced the solace and the sadness by these communications and indirect connections while they lost their Imam.

And they observed that all the signatures and communications were coming from Imam Al- Mahdi

1 please review the biography of these four vices through the short absence book / by Muhammad Al- Sadre’s third section p.395 and the pages after it, which published by Daar At- Tāarf lilmatbuaat Bairut-1980.

2 And these are named Al- tawqiāt {signatures}, which were literal and oral responses, and which are narrated from Imam Al- Mahdi (A.S.), please review Al- Ihtijaj book / by Al- Tibrisi vol. 2 p. 532 and the pages after it.

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(A.S.) by the same hand writing and style1 during all the representation period of the four vices which lasted about seventy years.

As- Samri was the last vice who already declarated the final of the short absence, and who was distinguished with the pointed vices, and the starting of the long great absence, through which there is no appointed vice for the relationship between the Imam the leader and his followers.

It’s been understood that the change from the short absence into the long and great absence in conforming the short absence for it goals and it’s benefit; since it encouraged in this slowly action to the followers {shiīts} against the shock and the sense with the great vacuum, because of the absence of Imam by this gradual process, and managed to confirm the shiits situation according to the absence, and prepare them gradually to accept the general agency idea about the Imam, by that, the agency is changed from the Imam,

1 It is acceptable among the literary means, and at the literature critics in the past, and modern ages, that the style is the individual, and this saying is true. From here we realize, and heard that the several authors or the literature readers know the hand writhing of every writer, verso it should be or text, which is written by someone else, they will know who is the writer, and for anyone of his personality which seems trough his writing, and it differs from the others, this in addition to the hand writing of his own that is distinguished from the other handwritings that belong to the others.


into the appointed individuals and then from the appointed individuals1 into the universal line2.

It is the path of the religious jurist who is just and acquainted with the world and religion matters unconformity with the change of the short absence into the long {great} absence.

And now you can estimate the position according to what had been already mentioned, to perceive clearly that Al- Mahdi is a fact that a nation from the people were lived, and believed with it, and the envoies with the vices expressed it along seventy years through their communication with the others, then there is no one noticed a play in sayings, or a swindle in the behavior, or contradiction in the narrative on anyone of them through the whole of the period.

Swore by God, can you imagine, that is it possible for a fib to continue for seventy years, and four people will practice it accordingly, and all of them on the way of the sequence met up on it, and they continue to work according to it as if it is a case, which they lived in by themselves, and saw it with their eyes without getting anything that causes doubting at them,

1 It is a sign to the four mentioned vices.2 Which is agreeable from the {religious authorities}, and it is

observed here the attributes that, Imam sadre discoursed the obligation to be found in the authority {the leadership of the religion}.

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and there is no a special and a distinguished relationship among these four individuals, that present a kind of a connivance to them, and they will gain the confidence of the whole communities through what their behavior is distinguished with of the reality, and their belief with the reality of the affair in which they claim that they are truly feeling it and living with it?!

It is said in a previous time. {The train of the lying is short}.

The life logic also prove that it is impossible practically an account of the expectations, that a lying stays in this manner and all this time through all these relations and communications and it gains the trustee of the whole surrounding it.

By this way we can know the phenomenon of the short absence is possible to be considered as a scientifical experience, to prove it’s objective truth, and to accept the Imam with his birth’s1 life absence,

1 The contact between the leader Al- Mahdi (A.S.) and his shiīts groups is truly by the way of His vices and deputies, or by other various styles, and that is an objective historical truth.

There is no way to deny it just as in the conciliation besides the other several evidences which are learning on the announcement of whom must be believed. and he (A.S.) is the intended of the recurrent traditions as the tradition mentioned: {who died and he did not familiar with in the leader of his time leader, he would die a pre- Islamic death} etc ...

All that in a whole is confute and by a dogmatic manner what the suspicious people raised about the Imam is existence and the


and his general declaration about his long {great} absence that on the basis of it, He concealed himself from the eyes and did not show himself up to anyone1.

continuance of his Holy blessed life. Please review the short absence / by Mohammad As- Sadre p. 566.

1 The Holy signature of the leader Al - Imam Al- Mahdi (A.S.) it is been seen in unclear shape after the great absence of his and this point is accepted by the Imamia scholars. Please review the argumentation of this matter. In The short absence / book by sayeed Muhammad Al- Sadre. p. 639.

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THE SIXTH RESEARCH

Thus why does not The Leader emerge?

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Thus why does not The Leader emerge?

Thus why does not the leader emerge all along these ages?

If He is ready for the social action, so what is the thing that prevent him from the emergence on the theatre of the life through the means of the short absence or after it, instead of changing it into a great absence, when the social action circumstances of the change was more simple and easier at that time, and his actual relationship with the people through the arrangements of the short absence period was to let him collect his raws and to start his activity with a powerful beginning, while the ruling powers around him couldn’t reached the utmost level of The power and ability as the humanity reached at last through the scientific and industrial progression?

The response is: The success of every social change activity relates with the objective conditions and it’s circumstances, and it is impossible for it to

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achieve it’s goal unless by the conditions and circumstances is full filed.

The social change activities whom the heaven out bursts them on the earth are distinguished with the unrelated to the objective circumstances in it’s missionary aspect1, since the message which the change activity depend on here is divine, and it is from the heaven’s made, it is not from the objective circumstances made, but it depends on the objective circumstances in it’s executive aspect, it and it’s success with it’s scheduling are related and it’s specific time, with these situations that the heaven waited for five centuries of the pre- Islamic paganism, until the last messages of it which is descended to the hand of the prophet Mohammad (S.), since the relationship with the objective circumstances for the execution was dictating it’s delay through the world’s need for it since long time ago.

1 Through the importance, that the martyr sadre had given to the objective circumstances and it’s role to enrich the revolutions with the means of success, and to help them in order to gain the success, hence the martyr Sadre broughts a new theory up in the comprehension for the social change activity, which the heaven creates through the supernal missions, so, it is in it’s missionary aspect it connects with it’s particular law, but in it’s executive aspect employs the objective circumstances and it connects with them in scheduling and success, and I mean by the objective circumstances: The political and the social states of the nation and the contemporary political actuality and the scale of nation’s ability in the capabilities of it’s own personality and the spiritual inclination.

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THUS WHAY DOES NOT THE LEADER EMERGE?

And the objective circumstances which have an effect in the executive aspect of the change activity, among it, what formed the suitable climate, and the general weather for the objective change’s, and from them that informed some of the particulars, which the movement of the change requires through it’s detailed turning points.

As for the moving activity which for instance lining successfully led in U.S.S.R., was connected with a factory as a matter of breaking out the world war (I), and the Czarism decay, and this which shares in creating the suitable climate for the change activity, and that was connecting with other limited, and partial factors, for instance lining safety in his journey through which he sneaked into USSR, and then he led the revolution. So if accidentally something hinder him on the way, it would be a reason for the revolution to get away that is the cause for him to appear on the theater.

And the Allah’s (S.W.) commandment that you never find any chang in the changes Devin, on a comfort in the part of changes in some specific time which periods doesn’t go with it, and public weather to save change aspect, from here we realize that Islam came on the last moment at the end of the messengers, many difficulties happened in some ages.


Inspite of Allah’s (S.W.) authority for defeating the whole difficulties and the impediments in the way of the heavens mission, and to create the suitable climate for that by the marvel, He (S.W.) didn’t desire to use this style; since the test and the suffering with the tribulation through which the human integrate prescribed on the heaven change activity to be naturally and objectivity from this aspect, and this sometime doesn’t forbid the interference of Allah’s (S.W.) regarding to some cases, which can not create the suitable climate {situation}, but sometimes the movement through that suitable climate perhaps requires it, and for that the assists and the divine providence that Allah (S.W.) provides to his Holy men within critical minutes.

He (S.W.) protected the mission, For example Namrud’s fire suddenly becomes comfort and peace to Ibrahim1, and the hand of perfidious jewish, which is raised with the sword over the Holy head of the prophet (S.) suddenly became paralyzed, and lost it ability to move2, and suddenly a great storm that over spread the atheists and polytheists, camps who

1 A sign to his (S.W.) saying: {They said: Burn him and save your gods, if you are going to do {anything}. We said: O’ fire be comfort and peace to Ibrahim; And they desired a war on him, but we made them the greatest losers} Al Anbyae verses no. 68 – 70.

2 Please review the narrative in the interpretation of Qurān by Ibn Katheer vol. 2: p. 33, and review: Al Bihar / by Al- Majlisi vol. 18: p. 47, 52, 60, 75 the section of the prophet’s (S.) Marvels.

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encircled by madinah at the day of Khandaq and stirred the terror in their minds and hearts1.

But all that did not pass the situation and the offering of the assist through the decisive minutes after the climate was suitable and the corresponding situations for the change in general perhaps was informed in natural shape.

So according to the objective situations, we study the position of Al- Imam Al- Mahdi (A.S.) to demonstrate the change activity for which He (A.S.) is prepared for, the executive aspect is truly as any other social change activity with the objective circumstances that contribute in ensuring the suitable climate for it.

So it was naturally to be placed according to that.It is known that Al- Mahdi (A.S.) hasn’t already

prepare himself for a limited social act, nor for a change activity that restricted for this or that part of the world, since his mission for which He was kept by God (s.w), is a public change, which brings people, the whole people out from the darkness of the tyranny to the glow of the justice2.

1 Please review The Islamic history book / by At- Tabari vol. 2 p. 244, the events of the fifth year, A.H.

2 As the Holy Prophetic tradition text: {if there is no day left from the world except one day, Allah (S.W.) will prolong that day till he (S.W.) sends a man from me or from my progeny, who will fill the earth with Justice and equity as it before was fouled with tyranny and


And the practicing of this great change activity is not enough by only reaching the mission and the righteous leader, other than, the conditions could be completed through the epoch of the prophecy it’s self, but it requires a suitable universally climate and a helpful general situation, that ensures the required objective circumstances for the universal change activity.

And from the human’s aspect, the civilized feeling of a human by the exhaustion considered it as a principal factory in creating that suitable climate to agree with the new justice mission, and this feeling by the exhaustion is formalized and established through the various civilization experiences, from which the human of the civilization gets out, while He is oppressed with negatives of what He has built, He is Perceiving his needs for the assistance, and paying attention by his nature to the invisible or to the transcendental.

From the material aspect, it is possible for the conditions of the modern material life to be more available than the old life conditions in a period as the period of the short absence to publish the mission through the whole world, and there by what will be

injustice}.Please review: Al- taJ Al- Jamea Lilusool / by Mansoor Ali Nasif

vol. 5 p. 360 the foot note, He said: Abu dawood and At- Tirmuthi narrated it.

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achieved of approaching the distances, and the great ability for the communication among the people of the earth and to ensure the tools and means, that a central system needs to practice the enlighten for the people of the world and their culture on the base of the new mission.

As for what is mentioned through the inquiry of the military tools growing that whom the leader will face through the promised day, whatever his emergence was delayed, so this is reality, but what is the growth of the material shape of the power benefit with the spiritual defeat from the inside, and the spiritual structure collapse of the human who owns the whole of these powers and tools? And how many times a high civilized stracture colapsed in the history in the first gas touch; since it was colapsed before that, and lost the trust of his existence and the satisfaction of his being and the confidence of his reality1.

1 We already have seen the confirmation for this saying through the initial of the ninth that the martyr Sadre has pronounced according to his deep experience with the human community, the USSR. Is already collapsed a very fast collapse, while it was one of the two leaders, who were dominating on the world and by a manner, which amazed the whole communities.


THE SEVENTH RESEARCH

Is it for only one person all this responsibility?!

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Is it for only one person all this responsibility?!

Now we come on another question from the chain of the previous questions and that question is:

Is it possible for a single person however He had great ability to complete this great role? And, Is the great individual unless that human whom the situations nominated to be a chief for the nation in order to fulfill it’s movement?

And the opinion within this question is related with a limited point of view of the history, which interprets it according to the consideration of the human as a minor factor1in it.

And the objective powers surrounding him are the principal factors, and through the limitation of that, the individual wouldn’t be in the best situations unless

1 An allusion to the historical material theory, which is the Makisi’s interpretation for the history, please review: Iqtisadona book vol. 1: p.19, in which there is a scientific analysis and a deep philosophical argumentation / written by the Imam martyr sadre.

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the intellectual interpretation about the path of this principal factor.

We have already explained in other points in our published1 books, that the history contains two pivots:

The first of them is the human, and the second is the material powers that surrounding him. So as the material powers, the production of the situations and the effect of the nature in the human, so the human also effects in what is surrounding him, from the powers and circumstances, and it is unjustifiable to suppose that the movement starts from the material, so it ends at the human unless by the size which is found the justification to suppose the opposite, so the human and the material are communicating by the passing of the time, and within this limitation, so the human and the material are serving each other, so in this case, it is possible to the individual to be More great than the parrot in the tendency of the history, and in special when we put in account the relationship factor between this individual and the heaven2.

This relationship truly entered at that time as a leading power, which leads the movement of the

1 A sign to {our philosophy} book, and to the preface of the book {Iqtisadona}.

2 Please review, Al- Abtaal {The heroies} book {The hero in prophet shape} by Thomas Karlil / translated by Dr. Al- sibai, the chain of the thousand books- Egypt.


history. And that which is achieved through the prophecy history, and especially through the history of the seal prophecy, the prophet Mohammad (S.) is truly by the role of his missionary relationship with the heaven, He (S.) himself received the order of the historical movement, and established a civilization flowage, that it was impossible for the objective surroundings, which were encircled with him to yield him in any case, and as we have explained that through the second preface of Al- Fatawa Al- Wadiha- book1

And what was possible to be occurred by the hand of the Holy-prophet (S.), Is also possible to be occurred by the hand of the expected leader from Ahlul-Bait whom He (S.) promised2 by him (A.S.), and whom the prophet (S.) mentioned about his great role.

1 Please review the second preface in Al- Fatawa Al- Wadiha book: p. 63 in which there is an explanation in detail for affair matter.

2 At- Taj Al- jamiē Lilusool vol. 5: 343, from Abi sāeed, from the prophet (S.): {Al- Mahdi is from me his fore head is bright and his nose is crooked, he will fill the earth with justice and equality as it before was fouled with tyranny and injustice}.

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THE EIGHTH RESEARCH

How will be the manner of the change through the promised

day?

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How will be the manner of the change through the promised day?

Finally we come on the last question from the questions that we have presented in the past pages.

This question is about the manner through which we can imagine what will be occurred by the hand of that individual from a decive victory for the justice and eradication on the injustice regims that faced him, then the distinctive answer on this question is related with the information about the time, and the period through which is predetermined for Al- Imam Al- Mahdi (A.S.) to appear on the theatre, and the possibility of the assumption of what that period will be distingushed with the particularities and circumstances in order to put the plane according that, and the change activity will perhaps follow, and the path that the change activity already will move through it, so while we unaware with the period, and do not know anything about it’s circumstances and situations, It is impossible for us scientifically to accept what will be happened through the promissed

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day, even if the possitions and imaginations were possible, that always depend on the intellectual principle, not on the relay and corporal basics.

And there is a single principle supposition, which is possible to be accepted according to the traditions that told about him (A.S.)1, and the observable experiences from the great change activities through the history, which a supposition of the appearance of Al- Imam Al- Mahdi (A.S.) after a great vacancy, that resulted from suffocating cultural crisis2, and that vacancy enabled the new mission to be spreaded through the world, and this deterioration facilities the mental climate to accept it, and this deterioration is not only a single event that accidentally occurred in the history of the human civilization. but it is a natural

1 It is mentioned to the emergency signs or the circumstances and the events with the episodes that anteceded the blessed emergency as the narratives had described, and it is simplified in details under the topic {The emergency era} by / sayeed Mohammad As- Sadre. Please review: Al- Irahaad / By Ash- Shaik Al- Mufeed: p 356 and the pages after this, and also review Al- Ishae Ali Ashraatil- Saēh / by Mohammad bin Rasul Al- Husseini Al- Barzanje.

2 In which is mentioned to what will led the humanity to from a cultural impasse because of the competitions and the struggles among the material civilizations, and the political regimes, and their failure is already in granting the safety the stability and the happiness for the human. The signs like this vacancy is have already began to appear, and to be broaden little by little through our temporary era in the eastern and western of the earth, and every observer who observes reportage’s knows that completely. And the promised day is not far.

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HOW WILL BE THE MANNER OF THE CHANGE THROUGH THE PROMISED DAY?

result of the oppositions of the history, which is deprived from God (S.W.), and which finally can’t find a decisive solution, so the fire will enflame that leaves naught nor does it spare naught.

Through these means the light appears to smother the fire, and to settle the justice of the heaven on the earth.

So the praise to God, who is the lord of the creatures peace and blessing be upon the honest Mohammad and his progeny (A.S.).

Mohammad Baqir Al-Sadre.

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