-
NCPTT NotesNational Park ServiceU.S. Department of the
Interior
Lee H. Nelson Hall. NCPTT recently moved into its permanent home
in the former Women’s Gymna-sium on the campus of Northwestern
State University in Natchitoches, Louisiana. After an
extensiverehabilitation, the Women’s Gym was renamed for Lee H.
Nelson, a pioneer in the field of historicpreservation technology
and a career NPS employee. Constructed in 1923 to provide
gymnasiumspace for students of the Louisiana State Normal School,
Nelson Hall is the oldest surviving building onthe NSU campus.
NCPTT will celebrate with a formal dedication in November.
T h e N e w s l e t t e r o f t h e N a t i o n a l C e n t e r
f o r P r e s e r v a t i o n Te c h n o l o g y a n d Tr a i n i n
g • Issue 38
Partnerships: The Time for Action is Now“Currently, the United
States is losingits prehistoric and historic culturalresources at
an alarming rate . . . .” Thiswas a principal finding of the Office
ofTechnology Assessment in a 1986 re-port. The echo of the 1986
OTA’s find-ing is still heard in 2001. Too few fiscaland
preservation professional re-sources are available to the
NationalCenter for Preservation Technologyand Training and other
preservationprograms to stop the erosion of ournation’s cultural
resources. With eachpassing year, America’s cultural re-sources are
increasingly at risk by van-dalism, looting, unplanned
tourism,water and air pollution, public apathy,cultural illiteracy
and populationgrowth.
helping to preserve America’s heritagethrough technology.
The Council for Excellence inGovernment. The Council for
Excel-lence in Government was formed in1983 in Washington, DC as a
nonprofitorganization. The Council has beenthe principal force
behind the expand-ing e-Government movement and hasserved as a
“convener, catalyst, andcommunicator” to promote strongleadership
and management in theFederal government. It focuses oninnovation
and results – results thatbenefit the American public. TheCouncil
has brought together potentialprivate sector partners to Federal
pro-
grams to form cross-sector partnershipalliances – alliances that
the Councilhas begun to help NCPTT to create.
A recently signed cooperative agree-ment between NCPTT and the
Coun-cil provides for collaboration that willbring potential
strategic partners fromboth the private and public sectors toNCPTT.
The cooperative roles ofNCPTT and the Council are outlinedin the
agreement: convening work-shops, seminars and conferences
withpotential partners to identify possibleareas of collaboration;
identifyingpotential partners from within thescientific and
historic preservationcommunities; and developing specific
...NCPTT is making efforts toexpand its partnership base...
Strategic Partnerships. In a move toreverse this trend, NCPTT is
makingefforts to expand its partnership base.In seven years of
operation, NCPTThas had numerous grantee partnersand several other
partners represent-ing non-profit, corporate, federal,state,
tribal, private, university, profes-sional and international
organizations.Northwestern State University and theNational Trust
have proven to be twoof NCPTT’s valued and long-termstrategic
partners. More such strategicpartnerships must be established
be-tween NCPTT and other organiza-tions for NCPTT to attain its
goal of
(continued on page 2)
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2 NCPTT Notes •National Center for Preservation Technology and
Training • Issue 38
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preservation and heritage educationprojects that incorporate
effectiveleadership and management principlesin their design and
implementation.
Importantly, the NCPTT-Councilcooperative agreement includes
theadded goal of improving existingNCPTT programs. Several of
theCouncil’s e-Fellows participants willevaluate NCPTT’s current
website andmake recommendations for graphicdesign and content
improvement. Ateam assembled by the council fromprivate and public
sectors will workwith NCPTT to develop a distancelearning program
appropriate to deliv-ering online courses for NCPTT’sLouisiana
Heritage Education Initia-tive and the Federal Preservation
Insti-tute. NCPTT will be invited by theCouncil to participate in
their TribalTechnology Initiative and their Sustain-able
Development Extension projects.
Forging Productive Partnerships.For NCPTT the time to forge
produc-tive partnerships is now. We atNCPTT are excited about our
evolvingcollaboration with the Council. Webelieve that our
NCPTT-Council part-nership will significantly expand ourpartnership
base, help NCPTT to keepthe public trust, and meet the formi-dable
challenge of our mission: to usetechnology to serve the future
ofAmerica’s heritage for the benefit ofpreservation practitioners
and for theAmerican public.
Partnerships: The Timefor Action is Now(continued from page
1)
NCPTT Website to UndergoRedesign
As the fields of technology andresearch constantly evolve andnew
media tools become avail-able for web development, us-ers demand
more informationat a variety of different levels.
The NCPTT website plays a key rolein efforts to disseminate
informationon technology-based research andideas concerning
preservation to bothpreservation professionals and theinterested
public. The current websitewas developed and launched in 1997.It
was state-of-the-art for the time anddesigned to meet the needs of
theCenter. It incorporated many innova-tive ideas and offered
useful resourcesand information.
As the fields of technology and re-search constantly evolve and
newmedia tools become available for webdevelopment, users demand
moreinformation at a variety of differentlevels. NCPTT has hired a
webmasterto update and develop its website tomeet these
ever-increasing demands.New technologies have been devel-oped to
provide users with informa-tive content and an enjoyable
webexperience. New tools allow users toexperience information, not
simply
read it. Incorporating such tools notonly ensures that a user
has obtaineddesired information, but also increasesthe likelihood
of longer user sessionsand return visits.
Focusing on enhancing navigabilityand enjoyment with newly
availabletools, as well as abiding by governmentregulations and
standards, the
webmaster will work to make the siteaccessible to a multiplicity
of indi-vidual users with varying needs. Thenew site will have a
fresh look and new
Our New Contact Information!
National Center forPreservationTechnology and Training645
College AvenueNatchitoches, Louisiana, 71457
318/356-7444 telephone318/356-9119 facsimile
One of the new website designs under consideration.
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NCPTT Notes • August 2001 • 3
sub-sites dealing with education andinformation resources. The
webmasterand design team at NCPTT are work-ing on several
variations and demos ofthe new site. Shown in this article isone
example that is being considered.
Of primary importance in the redesignis aesthetic pleasure
combined withlogical, utilitarian construction anduser-end
navigation. The design teamhas been researching these areas forsome
time and has gathered necessaryinformation to build the strongest
sitepossible. Clearinghouse work willbegin with taking the
information cur-rently available, placing it in a largerdatabase,
and compiling as much addi-tional information as possible
withinsame database structure.
The redesigned website will also con-tain new features focused
on areas ofspecial interest: Community willshowcase local history
and architec-ture. Partners will focus on joint ven-tures and
partnerships. Resourceswill deal with various forms of func-tional
media for users. These featuresand many others under
developmentwill make the NCPTT site a great webresource for
preservation informationand resources.
Major “rehabilitation” should be com-pleted by late September or
earlyOctober, and the site will be strength-ened by a rigorous
maintenance sched-ule. The new site will have a great dealmore to
offer and should be a bench-mark for other government
websites.Interested users will be able to locatethe site at . If
thereare any features or databases you oryour organization may be
looking for,please contact :
Rodney HarrisonWebmaster
NCPTT645 College AvenueNatchitoches, LA 71457
NPS Junior RangersNCPTT is helping to educate the nextgeneration
of stewards of our culturalresources. As well as piloting its
newHeritage Education Initiative, NCPTThosted National Park Service
JuniorRangers for a morning in late June,facilitating a
comprehensive, hands-ontour of the Center. The ten JuniorRangers
have been spending theirsummer developing skills and learningabout
their heritage through workingat Cane River Creole National
Histori-cal Park and visiting sites weekly tolearn about other
natural and culturalresources in the surrounding areas.
For many of the highschool students,being a Junior Ranger has
been theirfirst job, as well as an opportunity forother new
experiences. Working at theOakland and Magnolia Plantations
foreight weeks with a standard workday ofeight and a half hours,
they have beencleaning the main house, maintainingfencerows,
gardening, and performingother roles necessary to running
ahistorical park.
The Rangers considered their visit toNCPTT a highlight
experience. Dur-ing their visit, the Junior Rangerslearned about
all of the components ofNCPTT and how the integration ofthese
components is necessary to thepreservation of America’s
Heritage.Beginning with an interview of thestaff, the Junior
Rangers learned thatpreservation requires a diverse knowl-edge base
as the staff comes from edu-cational backgrounds ranging thegamut
of arts and sciences. Then, theJunior Rangers received a more
in-
depth tour of the facilities with activi-ties corresponding to
each component.
The Junior Rangers learned the intri-cate nature of documenting
a buildingas the Historic American BuildingsSurvey team led the
Rangers in doingfield sketches of Nelson Hall. TheRangers’ view of
preservation was thenexpanded from single buildings toinclude
overall urban design. Facedwith a hypothetical situation of a
rap-idly increasing population, the Rangersacted as Natchitoches
city plannersand discussed methods to preservehistoric areas and
adaptive reuse strat-egies linked to environmental issues.
A tour of the lab facilities included adiscussion of the
EnvironmentalChamber, which simulates environ-mental conditions.
The chamber isused to test the effects of such factorsas pollution
and weathering on materi-als, which aids in determining treat-ments
for preservation. The Rangersalso completed a rock
identificationexercise where they learned the impor-tance of
accuratly identifying materialsso that effective preservation
tech-niques may be employed.
The morning concluded with sessionson Information Management
andHeritage Education. The Rangerswrote a collaborative press
release ontheir experience as Junior Rangers andtheir tour of
NCPTT, realizing thatbeing Junior Rangers and getting infor-mation
out to the public is part of be-ing heritage educators and
preservingour cultural heritage..
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4 NCPTT Notes •National Center for Preservation Technology and
Training • Issue 38
Louisiana Heritage Education Program
Sixteen teachers from Louisiana wererecently selected to
participate in theHeritage in the Classroom componentof the
Louisiana Heritage EducationProgram (LHEP). These highly moti-vated
and enthusiastic fourth- andeighth-grade teachers were recom-mended
by principals and supervisorsas the best candidates for the
program.
The Louisiana Heritage EducationProgram is the result of a
partnershipbetween NCPTT and NorthwesternState University of
Louisiana (NSU).The goals of the program are to en-hance students’
academic achieve-ment, promote stewardship ofLouisiana’s historic
sites, and serve as anational model for heritage education.
Toward achieving these goals, Heritagein the Classroom was
developed to aidin the creation of curriculum-basedlesson plans
that use Louisiana culturalresources information as content.
Thefourth and eighth grades were targeted
because the students in these gradesparticipate in LEAP 21,
Louisiana’snew criterion-referenced testing pro-gram.
The sixteen teachers met for the initialworkshop in June at
NCPTT. Otherpartners in the program — the CaneRiver Creole National
Historical Park,Louisiana Creole Heritage Center,Louisiana Office
of State Parks, Louisi-ana Division of Archaeology, and Loui-siana
Division of Historic Preservation— and NCPTT provided printed
andonline cultural resources informationas content for lesson
plans. Teachersalso reviewed criteria for a good lessonand
evaluated existing online heritageeducation programs.
At the five-day Summer Institute, theteachers received even more
informa-tion on those topics identified as his-toric places —
historic structures, ar-cheological sites, and cultural
land-scapes. At the start of the week, pre-
sentations on the three topics served asbackground information
for the rest ofthe week’s activities. A visit to the Loui-siana
Center for Educational Technol-ogy Region VI Teaching, Learning,
andTechnology Lab to explore educationalsoftware programs offered
more re-sources for teachers.
On Tuesday they participated in anumber of activities, including
a brieflecture on the history of architecture inLouisiana, a
walking tour of the his-toric district in Natchitoches and areview
of local National Register sites.A presentation on Reading a
Buildingprovided other skills for teachers. Atour of NSU’s Cammie
G. Henry Re-search Center at Watson Library of-fered information on
the resources inarchives and the use of primary docu-ments for
researching history.
Archeology was the topic for Wednes-day. Presentations on
archeology, theprehistoric Conly Site, and Los AdaesState Historic
Site provided much in-formation on ethics, laws, tools, pro-cess
and other aspects of archeology.A tour of Los Adaes added a
hands-onelement to the teachers’ experience.
Thursday was devoted to cultural land-scapes. The teachers
toured the CaneRiver Creole National Historical Parkproperties —
Oakland Plantation andMagnolia Plantation. Commentary onthe
cultural landscapes along CaneRiver Lake was provided during a
driv-ing tour of the area. Melrose Planta-tion was the final site
visited.
Each day, the teachers worked on les-son plans. Divided into
four groups,they worked toward creating a lessonbased on what they
learned during theweek. On Friday, each group pre-sented the lesson
with each memberpresenting one aspect. The lessontopics included
sculpture, classical vs.
Three teachers working diligently on an exercise concerning
early Native American cultures.
-
NCPTT Notes • August 2001 • 5
Victorian architecture, a local historichouse museum and the
state capitol.
This creating and modeling of lessonspresented an opportunity
for theteachers to focus on procedure andcontent in an environment
that offeredsubject matter support and many re-sources. The
experience will aid themwhen they begin to work individuallyon
their lesson plans.
Other workshops throughout the yearwill offer the 16 teachers an
opportu-nity for interacting with others in theprogram. They will
also have access tosubject matter experts and educationspecialists.
In September, LouisianaDepartment of Education staff willwork with
the teachers to assure thatcurriculum standards are addressed.Staff
from NSU’s College of Educationwill aid the teachers in the
develop-ment of rubrics and other assessmenttools. The February
workshop willfocus on assessing changes in students’knowledge and
attitude. The Juneworkshop will provide a forum for theevaluation
of the Heritage in the Class-room component.
Another component of the LouisianaHeritage Education Program is
the$2,500 Mini Grants program. Over2,000 announcements were sent to
thestate’s public and private schools. Thedeadline for the grant
application isAugust 15, 2001. Approximately 20selections will be
made from the appli-cations by September 5, 2001, withmoney going
to the teachers by Octo-ber 31, 2001. All of the grant projectsmust
be completed during the 2001-2002 school term.
These grants will aid teachers in devel-oping innovative,
creative activitiesthat enhance student appreciation ofLouisiana’s
resources. Any fulltime,pre-K through 12 teacher in a Louisi-ana
school system is eligible to apply.Projects are not limited to
social stud-ies classes; multi-subject and multi-
grade activities are encouraged. Someideas include researching
the history ofthe school, a Kid’s Register of HistoricSites in
Louisiana, and a virtual tour ofhistoric sites in a parish.
The third component of LouisianaHeritage Education Program
involvesincorporating heritage education intothe education
curriculum. NCPTTstaff is collaborating with staff fromNSU’s
Department of Social Sciencesand College of Education to
redesignsocial sciences and education courses.
The redesigned courses will containinformation gathered through
workwith teachers in the other componentsof the Louisiana Heritage
EducationProgram. By addressing students en-rolled in education
programs beforethey become teachers, the programwill equip them
with skills and knowl-edge before they reach the classroom.
The NCPTT began its work in heritageeducation by sponsoring a
survey ofstate historic preservation offices andother statewide
heritage organizationsconducted by the Center for
HistoricPreservation at Middle Tennessee State
University. The result was Focus on2000: A Heritage Education
Perspective.Published in 1997, this publicationdocumented the
history and status ofheritage education in this country andprovided
planning guidelines and astate-by-state look at service and
pro-gram providers.
Guided by the information producedfrom the survey, the NPS and
NCPTTlaunched the national Heritage Educa-tion Distance Learning
Initiative in thespring of 2000. The concept behindthe initiative
is the development of amodel heritage education project usingthe
evolving technologies in distancelearning to reconnect children
andcitizens with history and sense ofplace. Louisiana was chosen as
thelocation for the pilot program.
For information regarding theLouisiana Heritage EducationProgram
contact:Sheila RichmondHeritage Education Coordinator
NCPTT645 College AvenueNatchitoches, LA 71457
Heritage Education Teachers visiting the Roque House.
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6 NCPTT Notes •National Center for Preservation Technology and
Training • Issue 38
NCPTT WelcomesNew Staff
Professionals from across the United States andthe world have
joined NCPTT to pursue its mis-sion. NCPTT is also hosting a HABS
team that isdocumenting several buildings in and
aroundNatchitoches, Louisiana(see related story on page 6).
Fai Au comes to NCPTT through the StudentConservation
Association. She is a native of NewOrleans, where she graduated
from BenjaminFranklin High School. Currently, Fai is a studentat
New York University and pursuing a bachelorof the arts in fine arts
and mathematics. Fai isassisting with the Center’s Heritage
EducationProgram.
Kathryn Hallett is pursuing a master of artsdegree in
conservation science at the RoyalCollege of Art in London, England.
Kathryn isworking with the Environmental and MaterialsResearch
Program on the NCPTT/Dupont WaterRepellants study.
Rodney Harrison holds a B.S. degree in psychol-ogy, a M.Ed. in
educational technology, and anEd.S. in educational leadership and
instruction.He has worked with various departments atNorthwestern
State University on computer andweb development issues. Rodney’s
work atNCPTT centers on the continued developmentand maintenance of
the NCPTT website.
Andrew Sanders is pursuing a bachelors ofarchitecture degree at
Louisiana Tech University.He received a 2001 excellence in design
awardand has received several awards for excellence indesign
studies. Andrew’s work at NCPTT willfocus on the development of a
graphic identityfor the center that will allow for greater
commu-nity involvement and recognition.
Deig Sandoval holds a Ph. D. from the Univer-sity of Arkansas at
Fayetteville in chemistry andan M. Sc. in chemistry from Pittsburgh
StateUniversity. Dr. Sandoval will be dedicating half ofhis time to
research on effects of air pollutantson building materials at the
NCPTT researchfacilities and the other half to teaching at
North-western State University in the chemistry andphysics
department. Dr. Sandoval has taught atUniversity of Texas - Pan
American, InteramericanUniversity of Puerto Rico and Simon
BolivarUniversity in Caracas, Venezuela, and has pub-lished several
papers in chemistry.
Cane RiverNational Heritage Area
National Historic Landmarks, threeState Commemorative Areas and
manyhistoric plantations, homes andchurches.
The Heritage Area’s management en-tity is the Cane River
National HeritageArea Commission. Nineteen commis-sioners appointed
by the Secretary ofthe Interior represent an array of localand
state organizations and institu-tions. Commission co-chairs are
Rob-ert B. DeBlieux and Saidee W. Newell.
The Cane River National Heritage AreaCommission is pleased to be
collabo-rating with the National Center forPreservation Technology
and Trainingin several areas. The emphasis bothorganizations place
on preservationand education makes them naturalpartners. The
Commission hired anew executive director, Nancy I. M.Morgan, in
February. Since Morganbegan, she has been working with Dr.Robert
Stearns, executive director of
In 1994, Congress established the CaneRiver National Heritage
Area inNatchitoches and Sabine parishes inLouisiana. The Heritage
Area is alargely rural, agricultural landscapeknown both for its
historic plantationsand its multi-cultural heritage. Histori-cally,
the region is home to severalcultures, including French,
Spanish,African, American Indian and Creole.
The Heritage Area was established topreserve and promote the
rich re-sources of the region, and to provide acultural and
historical context for CaneRiver Creole National Historical
Park.The Park consists of two units locatedat Oakland and Magnolia
Plantationsin Natchitoches Parish. The HeritageArea encompasses
roughly 45,000acres along Cane River Lake. Its cen-tral corridor
begins just south of theCity of Natchitoches and extendsalong both
sides of Cane River Lakefor 35 miles. Along with the two parkunits,
the Heritage Area includes seven
The Roque House is part of the Cane River National Heritage
Area.
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NCPTT Notes • August 2001 • 7
NCPTT, and other members of theNCPTT staff to forge the
direction thepartnership will take.
The Commission particularly is excitedabout the work that NCPTT
is doingin the field of heritage education. InApril, Morgan met
with the HeritageEducation Coordinator, Sheila Rich-mond to discuss
the Commission’s rolein the heritage education initiativeintroduced
this year by NCPTT. Also,Morgan and Richmond attended aheritage
education workshop spon-sored by the Louisiana PreservationAlliance
in June 2001. Other partici-pants included representatives fromthe
Center for Historic Preservation atMiddle Tennessee State
University, theLouisiana Division of Historic Preser-vation, and
several educators from theregion. Morgan anticipates that
theCommission will work with area vol-unteer organizations and
educators tofacilitate the heritage education initia-tive on the
local level.
In April, the NCPTT participated in ameeting of the Alliance of
NationalHeritage Areas. Representatives from19 of the 23 National
Heritage Areasvisited Natchitoches for the Alliance’sannual spring
meeting. During themeeting, held on the campus of North-western
State University of Louisiana ,Alliance representatives received a
tourof Nelson Hall from architect WayneCoco, Coco and Company, and
Dr.Robert Stearns. In addition, FrancesGale, Training Directork,
and Stearnsspoke on the NCPTT’s mission andpotential funding
opportunities at alunch workshop during the three-daymeeting.
Stearns and Gale emphasizedthe fact that the historic
preservationneeds of the 23 National Heritage Ar-eas could provide
excellent testingground for NCPTT programs.
Currently, NCPTT and the Commis-sion are collaborating with the
Historic
American Building Survey (HABS) ona 12-week project concerning
architec-tural resources in the Heritage Area.The $45,000 project
is jointly fundedby the Commission and HABS, and theInternational
Council on Monumentsand Sites is providing scholarships fortwo
international team members. Thearchitectural team’s office is
located onthe top floor of Nelson Hall.
In addition to being the HABS team’shome for the summer, Nelson
Hall isthe site of the project’s opening andclosing events. On June
4, members ofthe team were sworn in as federal em-ployees for the
summer. Stearns gavethe opening address for the event,followed by
remarks by Morgan; PaulDolinsky, chief of HABS; and LauraSoullière,
Cane River Creole NationalHistorical Park superintendent.Soullière
performed the swearing-inceremony at the event, which was at-tended
by representatives from NSU,the Commission, and the media.Stearns,
Morgan, Dolinsky andSoullière are planning the HABSproject’s
closing reception and exhibi-tion, scheduled for August 22 in
LeeNelson Hall.
The offices of the Cane River NationalHeritage Area Commission
are at #1Rue Beau Port, Natchitoches, Louisi-ana. For more
information, pleasecontact:
Nancy I. M. MorganExecutive Director(318) 356-5555.
National Park ServiceU.S. Department of the Interior
NCPTT Notes
August 2001
PTTPublications 2001-
Editor Andy Ferrell
Copy Editor
Sara Burroughs
Designers Mary Striegel
Andrew Sanders
Contributors Fai Au
Mary Carroll Debra Dandridge
Frances Gale Mark Gilberg
Rodney Harrison Deborah Noble
Sheila Richmond Mary Striegel
Robert Stearns John Terninko
Tim Vitale Caroline Wright
Cover Image
Lee H. Nelson Hall, Rodney Harrison
Address
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8 NCPTT Notes •National Center for Preservation Technology and
Training • Issue 38
Historic American Building SurveyBegins Cane River
Documentation
been listed on the National Registerand is privately owned by a
local fam-ily; a small slave cabin that represents aunique
construction method, a type ofbuilding that rarely survives today;
andthe Marie-Therese Coin-coin house,the original home of the
mother ofAugustine Metoyer, the patriarch ofthe local Creole
culture. The team willalso be adding to the existing collec-tion of
HABS drawings of OaklandPlantation, part of the Cane River Cre-ole
National Historical Park, docu-menting a few of the many
outbuild-ings that have not yet been a part of theHABS process.
These buildings are all being docu-mented in the standard HABS
methodwith a complete set of field sketchesand measurements that
are translatedinto drafted, scaled drawings. The finaldrawings of
most buildings, includingplans, elevation, sections and
details,will be done by hand in ink on mylar,though the railroad
station drawingswill be produced on AutoCAD. Theteam’s four
architects are producingthis work.
Serving as field supervisor and archi-tect for the HABS team is
CarolineWright. Originally from Briggs, Texas,40 miles north of
Austin, Carolinegraduated from Tulane University inNew Orleans in
May 2001. From theTulane School of Architecture sheearned a
bachelor’s degree in architec-ture with a Certificate of
Preservation
Studies and a minor in art history. Thisis Caroline’s second
HABS summerproject; in the summer of 2000 sheparticipated in the
North PhiladelphiaSurvey Project, documenting six sig-nificant
buildings in a transitionalneighborhood of the city. Caroline
waschosen specifically for this projectbecause of the relationship
withLouisiana’s architecture and cultureshe gained from studies at
Tulane.
Edward Pillsbury comes toNatchitoches from Virginia Polytech-nic
Institute and State University,where he is working on a bachelor’s
ofarchitecture degree. He is originallyfrom Randolph, a small town
in north-ern New Jersey. This is his first experi-ence documenting
historic structures,although he does have experiencedrafting both
by hand and on com-puter.
The two remaining architects are bothinternational interns who
camethrough ICOMOS, the InternationalCouncil on Monuments and
Sites.HABS and ICOMOS have a long-standing tradition of bringing
studentsand practitioners from around theworld to the United States
to partici-pate on projects each summer.
Kati Maksay comes to NCPTT fromthe city of Cluj, in the
Transylvanianregion of Romania. After completingher studies in the
Faculty of Architec-ture at the Technical University of Cluj
NCPTT is playing host for 12 weeksthis summer to a team of
architects andhistorians working on a project for theHistoric
American Buildings Survey.The HABS team is in the Natchitochesarea
beginning the long-term projectof the Cane River Survey,
workingwithin the Cane River National Heri-tage Area to develop a
better knowl-edge of the structures within the Heri-tage Area. The
project began withBlaine Cliver, Chief of HABS/HAER(Historic
American Buildings Survey/Historic American EngineeringRecord), who
developed an interest inthe area because of its wealth of
uniquecultural resources and strong commu-nity support for historic
preservation.It was Cliver who suggested that HABSand the Cane
River National HeritageArea Commission co-sponsor the 12-week
project to document HeritageArea structures. The commission
em-braced the project as a way to recordthe Heritage Area’s
architectural his-tory, and to bring national recognitionto the
region.
The project encompasses the docu-mentation of a variety of local
build-ings important both for their architec-ture and for their
local cultural signifi-cance. Included are the Texas and Pa-cific
Railroad Depot in Natchitoches,an early 20th century station that
isbeing proposed as a new African-American museum for the town;
theCarrol Jones house, an early 19th cen-tury plantation house that
has recently
Texas and Pacific Railroad Depotin Natchitoches, Louisiana.
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NCPTT Notes • August 2001 • 9
in 1999, Kati began working for boththe SIT Architecture Studio
and theTransylvania Trust Foundation, theregional organization for
the protec-tion and restoration of the built heri-tage of
Transylvania. She participatedin the documentation of historic
struc-tures in Torocko, Romania, and com-pleted a special course
for the conser-vation and restoration of architecturalheritage and
historical sites offered bythe Catholic University of
Leuven,Belgium. Kata was selected by US/ICOMOS to participate in
the Interna-tional Summer Exchange Program byworking with the HABS
team on thedocumentation of the Cane River Cre-ole heritage.
Maciej Gruszecki is a third-year stu-dent at the Institute of
Architectureand Urban Planning at the TechnicalUniversity of Lodz,
Poland. He haspreviously participated in the docu-mentation of the
17th century SchlossArenfels in Bad Hoenningen, Ger-many, and the
19th century woodenconvalescent buildings in Kosov,
Ukraine. He was selected by US/ICOMOS to participate in the
HABSproject in Natchitoches.
Along with the drawings, a history ofmany of these structures is
being pro-duced, with both descriptive informa-tion and the
findings of archival re-search. The historian completing thiswork
for the Cane River Survey is JonWilson. Jon earned his BA degree
inearly American history from OccidentalCollege and his MA degree
in southernhistory at the University of Mississippi.Starting this
fall, Jon will be attendingthe Graduate School of
Architecture,Planning, and Preservation at ColumbiaUniversity,
where he will study preser-vation and architecture. Last summer,Jon
was the architectural historian onthe HABS project at Graeme Park,
ahistoric malt-house, in Horsham, Penn-sylvania.
At the conclusion of the project, thedrawings and histories,
along with thephotographs to be taken later byHABS’s staff
photographers, will be
entered into the archives of the Li-brary of Congress for public
use.There is the hope in Natchitoches thatthis summer’s project is
just the begin-ning of a series of summer surveyprojects of the
Cane River’s importantstructures.
(Continued to page 13)
Conservationof ElectronicMediaPartially supported by NCPTT,
theElectronic Media Group of the Ameri-can Institute for
Conservation heldtheir annual session in Dallas, duringthe AIC
Annual Meeting, June 2-3.Three themes structured the
sessions:digital tools for the conservator,website preservation and
file formatsfor text file preservation.
Digital ToolsTwo NCPTT-funded projects werepresented. John
Burke, Head of Con-servation Oakland, Museum andWebmaster for EMG
rolled out theJAIC Online website, where all but the
last two years of the AIC Journal aresearchable and online at .
Tim Vitale Pa-per, Photography and Media Conserva-tor, and Chair of
EMG, presented theAlbumen Website, , which is a con-servation
information resource tool,with science, technology, early
litera-ture, seminal texts, conservation treat-ment forum and
gallery for albumenphotography (1850-1890) online. Thesite was
co-created with Paul Messier,Photography and Media
Conservator,Boston Art Conservation and pastChair of EMG.
Website PreservationWebsite preservation is easily the
mostcomplex and the newest preservationdiscipline. Unlike other
fields of con-servation, conservators have the oppor-tunity, this
time, to stay abreast of the
artifact creation process alongside thedevelopment of its
preservation.There are no best website preserva-tion practices, and
very few actualpreservation efforts. Libraries andarchives have
been archiving websitecontent, but preservation is still morehope
and best guess, than proventechnology.
Website content consists of files thatare served to the client
over theInternet. These files can be found,saved and then scheduled
for preser-vation using standard file migrationtechnologies.
Website preservation is,however, much more. Software isneeded to
deliver and view web con-tent. The server side software consistsof
the server, such as Apache orMicrosoft NT Server; script
interpreters for Perl, ASP, Java or PHP; andexecutable programs
that are run from
Caroline Wright sketching theMaison de Marie Therese.
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10 NCPTT Notes •National Center for Preservation Technology and
Training • Issue 38
Lichen Encrustation of RockGlyphs Poses aConservation
Dilemma
managers definitive information aboutthe lichen removal
question, we haveundertaken research on the effects oflichen on
rock surfaces found nearrock glyph sites. Rock cores from
li-chen-encrusted and lichen-free areasin the vicinity of rock
glyph sites onpublic and private lands throughoutthe central United
States have beencollected. These are being studied byscanning
electron microscope imaging,chemical analysis and X-ray
diffrac-tion. This article summarizes the re-sults of our studies
at one site area innortheastern Wyoming.
The northeast Wyoming rock glyphswere created on friable, poorly
con-solidated Cretaceous sandstone. Thefresh sandstone is cemented
by illiteand kaolinite. Over the course of thou-sands of years, the
rock has weatheredand developed a ~1mm thick crust thatis cemented
by a wide variety of min-eral species. As is commonly the casein
assemblages that form at ambienttemperatures, the minerals are
fine-grained and poorly crystalline. Chemi-cal compositions have
been obtainedfor this study by microanalysis of vol-umes of cement,
though multiplegrains are averaged. X-ray diffraction
studies of the powdered rock yieldlittle information beyond the
presenceof quartz.
The cementation is radically differentin similar but
lichen-encrusted sur-faces, as established by microanalysis.We
believe this is the result of the com-plex interaction of the
lichen productswith the rock surface. At this particularsite, the
original weathered rind hasbeen destroyed and replaced by
anassemblage of different chemical com-position; but, as before,
mineral grainsare extremely small (
-
NCPTT Notes • August 2001 • 11
rain. The conference, organized by the Center forEnvironmental
Information, brought together awide range of stakeholders from 25
states andCanada, and covered an overview of the impactsof acid
rain as well as policy discussions on howto best address the
problem.
Senators Hilary Clinton and Charles E. Schumercalled for
stronger emission cuts and a bipartisaneffort to address the acid
rain problem.
Rep John Sweeney emphasized the importanceof addressing the
problem as a national issue.
Rep. Sherwood Boehlert chaired a hearing of theHouse Science
Committee that took place inconjunction with the conference. Dr.
CharlesDriscoll of Syracuse University, who providedtestimony at
the hearing, reported the results ofacid rain research published
last month in thejournal BioScience. According to Dr.
Driscoll,sulfuric and nitric acid have acidified NorthAmerican
soils, lakes, and streams, stressing orkilling terrestrial and
aquatic plants and animals.“Despite marked reductions in sulfur
deposition,present regulatory standards are insufficient
forprotection and recovery of sensitive ecosystems,”said
Driscoll.
Dr. James Galloway of the University of Virginia,told the
conference, “It is critical that scientistsand policymakers alike
take seriously the 10-foldincrease in nitrogen emissions that has
occurred
over the past century. We now know that eachnitrogen molecule
not only contributes to acidrain, but also adds to ground-level
ozone, over-fertilization of ecosystems and climate change.”
John Kinsman of the Edison Electric Institutenoted that the
electric utility industry is only partof the source of emissions
that cause acid rain,but is the only one that is regulated to
preventthese emissions. Despite the fact that electricityproduction
is up, emissions from utilities havedecreased.
The conference was co-sponsored by 54 federaland state agencies,
national associations, organi-zations, companies, and research
institutions.They include the U.S. Environmental ProtectionAgency,
National Park Service, U.S. Fish andWildlife Service, U.S.
Geological Survey, ElectricPower Research Institute (EPRI), Edison
ElectricInstitute, American Gas Association, New YorkState Energy
Research and Development Author-ity, American Fisheries Society,
Ecological Societyof America, American Lung Association, Re-sources
for the Future, Adirondack Council,Environmental Defense, World
Resources Insti-tute, and the Department of Foreign Affairs
andInternational Trade, Canada.
For more information, see
exceed its requirements are, therefore,precipitated in a mineral
zone at andbelow the lichen-substrate interface. Amineralized zone
is thus created nearthe surface of the rock. This is notequivalent
to the weathering rind ogthe rock. First, it has a different
chemi-cal and mineralogic composition. Sec-ond, it is a “cap”-
beneath this layer is alayer of poorly consolidated sandstone,
infiltrated by lichen hyphaeSo what do these results tell us
aboutconservation of lichen-encrusted rockglyphs? Physical removal
of the lichenis likely to do one of two things:1) Peel off the rock
glyph layerwith the lichen2) Expose a lichen-mediatedsurface to
abiogenic weathering with
Effects ofAcid Rain
Mary F. Striegel, NCPTT’s Environmental andMaterials Research
Director, was an invitedspeaker at a 2-day conference on the
effects ofacid rain held in Washington, D.C., May 2-3,2001. Mary
addressed the state-of-knowledgeon acid rain and cultural
materials. She reviewedprogress in the field and emphasized the
perma-nence of alterations to outdoor sculpture, historicbuildings,
and significant monuments fromexposure to air pollution.
Scientists and policymakers agreed that moremust be done to
address the problem of acid
unknown (but suspected malign) con-sequences.
Once lichen has been established on arock glyph, we are faced
with equallyundesirable alternatives. Based uponour study of
samples from northeast-ern Wyoming, we do not recommendremoval of
the lichen at this particularsite. At the moment we cannot
recom-mend an alternative treatment, al-though methods to
consolidate thehyphae-rich strata are under consider-ation. One
benign alternative is to as-certain the conditions that are
sup-porting lichen growth and to modifythe microenvironment near
the glyphimages to slow the growth of lichen.The effects of such
environment modi-
fications would need to be evaluatedagainst the consequences to
other re-sources. The alternative of rock glyphsdisappearing under
lichen, howeverunappealing, may be a wiser choice forthe time
being.
This reaserch is being undertaken byDebra Dandridge who is
pursuing herPh.D. thru a joint progam with theUniversity of Houston
and Texas A&M,.
(Continued from page 10)
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12 NCPTT Notes •National Center for Preservation Technology and
Training • Issue 38
Preserving Stained Glass Windowsern European climates. In
Europe, thecorrosion of unstable medieval stainedglass windows is a
significant problem.Atmospheric pollutants, microbialgrowth and
condensation destroy theglass structure and damage the
paintedglass. The installation of protectiveglazing is a way of
modifying the mi-croclimate of the window that is con-stantly
exposed to an aggressive envi-ronment.
In contrast, post-industrial (ca. 1850)stained glass made in the
United Statesis extremely stable and resistant tocorrosion.
Condensation is primarily aproblem because of its impact onwood
members and painted surfaces.While regional climate and the use
ofair conditioning can impact ventingchoices, venting to the
interior is oftennot a viable option for most Americanchurches. The
cost of remounting thestained glass window within the win-dow frame
to accommodate vents isprohibitively high. Venting, if adoptedat
all, is generally to the exterior.
WINVENTIn order to assess the impact of install-ing protective
glazing on stained glasswindows in churches in the UnitedStates,
NCPTT has developed aMicrosoft Excel® Spreadsheet(WINVENT) that
calculates the tem-perature distribution across the centerof a
double-glazed window. The pro-gram incorporates a number of
differ-ent convection correlations for theairspace (interspace)
between the glaz-ing layers in order to simulate ventedand unvented
conditions. The spread-sheet also allows the user to change thesky
condition from clear to cloudy andto input different glass types,
gapwidths and glazing heights. In additionto calculating
temperature distributionacross the glazing layers, the spread-sheet
also calculates the dewpointtemperature within the
interspacecreated by the installation of protectiveglazing and
predicts the appearance ofcondensation on different glazing
sur-faces.
NCPTT, in collaboration withEnermodal Enginering, Inc.
(Denver),has recently developed a computersoftware program
(WINVENT) tocalculate the temperature distributionacross the center
of a stained glasswindow with exterior protective glaz-ing
installed. The program models atypical protective glazing
installationfor a stained glass window under bothunvented and
vented conditions wherea vertical channel is created along
theentire length of the glazing system.Analysis of the data
generated byWINVENT can be used to access thelong-term impact of
protective glazingon stained glass windows and associ-ated
structural supports.
Protective glazingProtective glazing is a secondary layerof
glass or plastic installed over theexterior of a stained glass
window.Protective glazing has been promotedas an effective means of
protectingstained glass windows against vandal-ism and severe
weather and of improv-ing thermal performance. Recently,however,
concern has been expressedthat it may be causing serious damageto
many stained glass windows acrossthe United States by increasing
con-densation and heat build-up in the airspace and by preventing
maintenance.This has led to recommendations toeliminate protective
glazing when pos-sible and, when necessary, to vent theairspace,
preferably to the exterior, toencourage air circulation.
Until recently, few scientific studieshave been conducted in the
UnitedStates to assess the impact that protec-tive glazing may have
upon the long-term preservation of stained glass win-dows. Though
much research has beenconducted in Europe on this topic, ithas
focused primarily on moisture-related issues typically found in
north-
In order to assess the impact of installing protective glazing
on stained glass windows in churches in theUnited States, NCPTT has
developed a Microsoft Excel® Spreadsheet (WINVENT) that calculates
the tem-perature distribution across the center of a double-glazed
window.
-
NCPTT Notes • August 2001 • 13
To evaluate the thermal performanceof vented stained glass
windows withprotective glazing, WINVENT allowsthe user to select
different convectioncorrelations to represent air movementon the
interior, on the exterior andbetween the glazing and glass
underboth unvented and externally ventedconditions. The
one-dimensional heattransfer analysis is performed by itera-tively
solving for the temperature dis-tribution across the glazing
system.The user inputs the indoor and out-door air temperatures and
relativehumidities, incident solar radiationand outdoor wind
speed.
WINVENT calculates the total solartransmittance, absorptance and
reflec-tance of the glazing system from theaverage solar properties
of the indi-vidual glazing samples. This approxi-mation has a
negligible impact on theresults because neither the stainedglass
nor protective glazing is spectrallyselective.
To verify WINVENT, data was col-lected in-situ from a single
stainedglass window with exterior protectiveglazing installed. The
predicted tem-perature distribution across the differ-ent glazing
layers was compared withmeasured data collected from thestained
glass window with and withoutprotective glazing. Data was
collectedunder extremely hot and humid condi-tions known to promote
condensationon cool glazing surfaces. Good agree-ment between model
and the measure-ments was observed.
For information regarding WINVENTcontact:Mark GilbergApplied
Research ProgramDirector
NCPTT645 College AvenueNatchitoches, LA, 71457.
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Conservation ofElectronic Media(continued from page 9)
CGI calls. Some 3-5 years from now,the developing complexity and
fast-paced evolution of hardware and theOS will render tomorrow’s
platformsincapable of running current serversoftware, etc.
Preservation will re-quire protocols for preserving oremulating
hardware and software.The client side of the website view-ing
process uses Netscape, Opera,Internet Explorer or other browsersto
display the HTML code, interpretJavaScript and manage
plugins.Flash, Shockwave, RealNetwork andQuickTime are common
plugins thatallow viewing of multimedia siteswith Flash (spl and
swf) andShockwave (.dir, .dxr and .dcr) con-tent. Historic
browsers, plugins,consoles and etc., 10 years from now,will
undoubtedly require hardware/OS emulations; their creators mustbe
supported by the preservationcommunity, now.
Benjamin Wile, Curator of MediaArts, San Francisco Museum
ofModern Art; Jill Sterrett, Head ofConservation SFMOMA and
EMGProgram Chair; and Steve Dye, Me-dia Technical Manager
discussedSFMOMA’s effort to begin the pres-ervation of websites.
Through aseries of presentations by library andarchives
preservation professionals,SFMOMA has sought to learn
theirmethodology. As a result SFMOMAdeveloped a “from the ground
up”methodology, through commission-ing websites, so they will (1)
have fullrights to the content, (2) know howthe sites were created
technologicallyand (3) know how they are “served”to the
clients.
Mona Jimenez Video and MediaArchivist, Materia Media,
Brooklyn,NY, reported on her work at Rhi-zome, an online community
spacefor archiving and presenting contem-
porary art, providing forums for criti-cal dialog and the
preservation. Rhi-zome is pioneering web preservationefforts
through its “ArtBase,” whichuses an acquisition database to
docu-ments art works, artist intent and theirpresentation
environment. The docu-mentation format is related to thevideo
cataloging template developedby Jim Hubbard, and administered
byJimenez, for the IMAP (IndependentMedia Arts Preservation)
organizationand adds extensive artist-intent datafields, along with
data and file preser-vation links.
The Website Preservation Panel,chaired by Paul Messier brought
to-gether many of the disparate themesinto a few evolving truths.
Conserva-tors and Curators are sharing roles inelectronic media
preservation. Col-lecting by institutions — libraries, ar-chives,
graphic design [collections]and fine arts collections, varies by
typeand is based on needs being definednow. Website preservation is
beingseen as a spectrum of protocols withBrewster Kahle’s Internet
Archivebacking up the full Internet every twomonths on one end; the
haplesswebsite creator who is saving work fortheir portfolio,
somewhere in themiddle; and institutions such asSFMOMA is
investigating preservationof complex multimedia websites at
theother end.
Two basic strategies are emerging“shoot it and stuff it” and the
“gamepreserve.” Shoot it and stuff it entailscapturing what you can
today throughscreen shots and downloads, so thatthere will be
something in the future.The game preserve paradigm seeks tomaximize
the “habitat” of the historicwebsite and perpetuate it throughtime.
The collector’s task is to sortthrough the mass of web material
andinterpret content while culling forfuture consideration. It is
an unfortu-nate fact: if you don’t collect today, it
(continued on page 14)
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14 NCPTT Notes •National Center for Preservation Technology and
Training • Issue 38
NCPTT AnnouncesFY2001 PTTGrantsRecipients
Conservation ofElectronic Media
Bob Futernick, Assistant Director ofthe Fine Arts Museums of San
Fran-cisco, discussed the creation of data-bases for collections
management andadministration. It became clear howdatabases hold
information; add newvalue to existing content by addingnew content
with the same identifier,create data structure and, all the
while,keep track of everything. Theunformatted text blocks are
associatedwith an identifier such as an accessionnumber, data entry
number or dataobject.
Mark McCormick-Goodhart, WilhelmImaging Research, presented and
dem-onstrated the use of PDF (portabledocument format) for
preserving textand image files. Rather than a propri-etary
structure that formats text orimages, the PDF wrapper holds textand
images in its original format, allwithin a super structure that
providessecurity and structure (fonts, colorprofiles and metadata).
Because PDFhas become a tool in the prepress in-dustry, it is
assumed to be readable formany tens of years.
Walter Henry, media preservationcoordinator at the Stanford
Libraries,Webmaster for CoOL and participantin the JAIC Online and
AlbumenWebsite projects, compared text fileformat alternatives.
PDF, XML, SGMLand database (text block) were exam-ined. It was
shown that raw text andSGML-enabled text (HTML andXML) have great
value because theycan be repurposed as required. For-matted text
files need data manage-ment for their preservation. Databasesare
“text” preservation tools becausethey hold unformatted text blocks
andare designed to be functional (betweendifferent software and
platforms), rela-tional and migratable.
Tim Vitale, Chair EMG/AIC and Con-servator in private practice,
Emeryvilleand Oakland, CA, 510-594-8277.
Online Geographic Information Systems forGreat House
Archeological Sites in theSouthwestern United StatesGeorgia State
University Research Foundation, Inc., Atlanta, GA
$25,416
In the fall of 1999, the NPS and university part-ners sponsored
a seminar that brought togetherarcheologists who study the
prehistoric greathouse architecture of the Southwestern
UnitedStates. Each participant contributed to an exten-sive
database representing the state of knowl-edge of these
archeological features. The projectteam will develop this
information into aninternet-accessible Geographic InformationSystem
database. This project will benefit arche-ologists and other
preservation specialists work-ing with the Chacoan archeological
record, and itwill inform the public interested in these
intrigu-ing sites.
Developing Inter-Governmental Data Shar-ing between States and
Tribes: New Mexicoand the Pueblo of ZuniZuni Heritage and Historic
Preservation Office; State of New
Mexico, Office of Cultural Affairs, Santa Fe, NM
$29,416
As tribes obtain THPO status, their relationshipwith SHPOs
regarding archeological data be-comes important. This project will
develop amodel for data-sharing between SHPOs andTHPOs and
implement that model between NewMexico and the Pueblo of Zuni. This
project willcreate a template for states and tribes
regardingarcheological data sharing.
(continued from page 13)
won’t be here tomorrow. There is nosuch thing as benign neglect
forwebsite preservation, which institu-tions have enjoyed for
material culture.Conservators are brought in to makeartifacts whole
again; in the future, thiswon’t be an option.
Text File PreservationIn the EMG Digital Discussion
Group,several hands-on electronic mediapractitioners presented
talks and apanel discussed preservation of elec-tronic text files.
The half-day discus-sion was begun by the session orga-nizer, Tim
Vitale, with an overview oftext in a wide variety of format
wrap-pers. Electronic text is a collection ofalphanumeric
characters and symbols.When viewed in a plain text editorsuch as
EditPlus (not a word proces-sor), all of the proprietary
machinelanguage added in the various file for-mats can be seen,
along with the text.When preserving, text can be raw, as infiles
with the .txt extension, or held inproprietary formats such as
.wpd, .doc,.rtf, or .pdf, which may not be acces-sible in the
future.
John Burke provided an overview ofXML (extensible markup
language).Similar to HTML, both of which aresubsets of SGML
(standard general-ized markup language), XML is muchmore powerful
because the markuptags can be defined by the user throughthe use of
a DTD (document type defi-nition). Burke recommended, and itwas
agreed, that EMG will begin aConservation DTD. XML-marked-uptext is
sent through a transform engineto be formatted for viewing.
Marked-up content remains untouched andready for transform into any
otherformat, indefinitely. Browsers willsoon read the XML the same
waybrowsers read HTML today. XMLtext will be viable for several
decades,if archived or saved.
NCPTT is pleased to announce awards for the2001 PTTGrants
Program, which supports workin archeology, historic architecture,
historic land-scapes, objects and materials conservation,
andinterpretation. For the fiscal year 2001 PTTGrantsprogram,
proposals were requested in the follow-ing four project types —
PTTGrants type 1 Information managementPTTGrants type 2 Training
and educationPTTGrants type 3 ResearchPTTGrants type 4
Environmental effectsPTTGrants are awarded competitively. The
totalamount for new and returning grants for FY2001is $441,684.
Information Management
-
NCPTT Notes • August 2001 • 15
Training & Education
Interpreting Archeology Ground PenetratingRadar Data: A Users
Work ShopUSDA Forest Service, Southern Regional Office, Atlanta,
GA
$19,531
Ground-penetrating radar is emerging as thenon-invasive
geophysical tool of choice by manyarcheologists and historic
preservation research-ers to discover and map archeological sites
andhistorical features and artifacts. The technique isbecoming
popular because it is fast and accurate,and it can produce images
of buried remainsunlike those of any other geophysical method.Two
workshops will be conducted to bring to-gether investigators to
explore imagery interpre-tation results and failures.
Historic American Landscape Survey: Devel-opment of a National
ProgramAmerican Society of Landscape Architects, Washington, DC
$19,950
A Memorandum of Understanding has beenestablished between the
American Society ofLandscape Architects, the National Park
Serviceand the Library of Congress to support the re-cently
established Historic American LandscapesSurvey. To develop a
strategic plan for HALS,three symposia will be held to engage
experi-enced professionals from academia and privateand public
practice to discuss and implement twoaspects: landscape
documentation guidelines,and creating scopes of work for four types
ofHALS projects.
America’s Cultural Heritage UnderwaterMontana Public Television,
Bozeman, MT
$40,000
Researchers will produce episodes 3 and 4 of theseries America’s
Treasures Underwater, innovativeprogramming dealing with America’s
underwaterheritage for national PBS broadcast. The videoswill
strive to enhance protection and preservationof America’s
underwater cultural resourcesthrough raising public consciousness,
and topreserve stock underwater videographic footagefor future
researchers, land managers and theAmerican public.
Applied and Fundamental Research
The Powered Parachute as an ArchaeologicalAerial Reconnaissance
VehicleNorthwestern State University, Natchitoches, LA
$39,964
The powered parachute, a unique type of experi-mental aircraft,
has the potential of providing a
means of acquiring large-scale, high-resolutionaerial images of
archeological sites that is cost-effective and has unlimited
geographic mobility.Digital photography, digital videography,
andthermal imaging will be employed to evaluatethe PPC’s efficiency
in acquiring archeologicaldata. This project will provide the
archeologicalcommunity with a new research technique ofenormous
value, applicable in virtually any geo-graphic setting.
Appraisal of the Usefulness on IntegratedGeophysical Methods to
Detect and DefineBuried Structures Associated with Iron Fur-nace
Plantations in PennsylvaniaInstitute for Research and Community
Service, Indiana University
of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA
$39,991
Researchers will test and compare the appropri-ateness of a
variety of geophysical methods forthe discovery and evaluation of
buried structuresassociated with iron furnaces.
High-resolutiongeophysical surveys using ground-penetratingradar,
electrical resistivity, and magneticgradiometry will be combined
with archeologicalexcavation on a single archeological test site.
Thisis a significant new case study in archeologicalgeophysics and
has important implications forfuture investigations of similar
sites.
Computer-based Methodologies for Investi-gating the History of
Significant CulturalLandscapesUniversity of Vermont, Burlington,
VT
$36,188
This project will assess the value of computer-based
technologies, such as digital image pro-cessing, geographic
information systems andglobal positioning systems, for
reconstructing thehistory of cultural landscapes. These
technologieswill be used to identify extant landscape featuresand
land use patterns from different time periodsbased on historical
aerial photography, maps,surveys and recent satellite data.
Environmental Effects ofOutdoor Pollutants on Cultural
Resources
Suitability of Medical Chelating Agents forStain Removal in
Architectural and Art Con-servation: Laboratory and Field TestsSan
Francisco Museum of Art, San Francisco, CA
$39,863
The effectiveness of highly specific medicinalchelating agents
will be compared to chelatingagents commonly used to remove
metallic stainsfrom stone. Researchers will perform visual
andchemical tests on (1) powdered calcium carbon-
ate (2) limestone or marble samples and (3)buildings. These
tests will inform the develop-ment of future conservation
methods.
Preventive Conservation for the
PracticingConservatorConservation Center, Institute of Fine Arts,
New York University,
New York, NY
$19,965
This project will lead to the publication of atextbook for
conservators that provides a com-prehensive overview of the
principles and prac-tices of preventive conservation. The
book’sfoundation will be a compilation of a currentlywidespread
body of information, followed bycase studies and methodological
examples.
Improved Sol-Gel Consolidants for Stone,Phase 3Princeton
University, Princeton, NJ
$43,800
The project team will develop new consolidantsto correct two
deficiencies of currently availablematerials: (1) cracking of the
consolidant fromdying shrinkage, and (2) poor match betweenthe
properties of the consolidant and those ofthe stone. Both goals
will be achieved by usingsol-gel processing to incorporate a
concentratedsuspension of colloidal oxide particles into agelling
matrix. The resulting materials are ex-pected to provide better
protection againstdeterioration by environmental effects.
Protection of Metallic Monuments fromBiodeterioration, Phase
2Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
$43,800
Coating materials used to prevent the corrosionof metallic
monuments are susceptible to micro-bial attack. Researchers will
test coatings fortheir ability to withstand microbial attack
andinvestigate the use of biocides as a preventativeingredient in
coatings. The ultimate goal of thisresearch is to recommend
biodegradation resis-tant coatings.
Development and Testing of Organic Coat-ings for the Protection
of Outdoor BronzeSculpture, Phase 3North Dakota State University,
Fargo, ND
$43,800
In this program, electrochemical characterizationmethods will be
utilized to evaluate the corrosionprotection provided by coatings
under conditionsthat simulate exposure to atmospheric
pollution.Researchers will also perform initial considerationof
delivery techniques for the use of any newcoatings compositions
developed in this mannerfor field use.
-
16 NCPTT Notes •National Center for Preservation Technology and
Training • Issue 38
E X P E R I E N C E Y O U R A M E R I C A
United States Department of theInteriorThe mission of the
Department of theInterior is to protect and provide access toour
Nation’s natural and cultural heritageand honor our trust
responsibilities totribes.
National Park ServiceThe National Park Service
preservesunimpaired the natural and culturalresources and values of
the National ParkSystem for the enjoyment, education andinspiration
of this and future generations.The Service cooperates with partners
toextend the benefits of natural and cul-tural resource
conservation and outdoorrecreation throughout this country andthe
world.
NCPTTNCPTT promotes and enhances the pres-ervation and
conservation of prehistoricand historic resources in the United
Statesfor present and future generationsthrough the advancement and
dissemina-tion of preservation technology andtraining.
National Park ServiceU.S. Department of the Interior
National Center for PreservationTechnology and Training645
College AvenueNatchitoches, Louisiana, 71457
Official BusinessPenalty for Private Use, $300
First Class Mail
Postage and Fees
P A I D
National Park Service
Permit No. G-83
National Park Service
Fran P. Mainella, Director
Katherine H. Stevenson,Associate Director, CulturalResource
Stewardship andPartnerships
NCPTT
Dr. Robert Stearns, Executive Director
Mary S. Carroll, Information Managementand e-Gov Program
Director
Frances Gale, Training and EducationProgram Director
Dr. Mark Gilberg, Applied Research and Technology Transfer
Program Director
Dr. Mary F. Striegel, Environmental andMaterials ResearchProgram
Director
Kevin Ammons, Program AnalystFai Au, Education InternElizaBeth
A. Bede, EMRP Summer FellowLance Ellis, Information Technology
AdministratorAndy Ferrell, Public Outreach CorrdinatorKathryn
Hallett, EMRP Summer InternRodney Harrison, WebmasterSheila
Richmond, Heritage Education
CoordinatorAndy Sanders, Public Outreach InternDeig Sanodval,
NSU/NCPTT Joint FacultyMary Ellen Servello,Executive Secretary
Preservation Technologyand Training Board
Dr. Neville Agnew, ChairThe Getty Conservation Institute
Dr. James Huhta, Vice ChairThe Center for Historic
PreservationMiddle Tennessee State University
E. Blaine Cliver, Secretary of the Interior’sNPS/HABS/HAER
Representative
F. Blair Reeves, FAIASchool of Architecture, University of
Florida
Dr. Alferdteen Harrison,Margaret Walker AlexanderNational
Research Center
Dr. W. James Judge,Fort Lewis College
Dr. Elizabeth Lyon
Mr. Nicholas Gianopulos,Keast & Hood Co.
Gerri Hobdy
Ms. Christy McAvoy,Historic Resources Group
Norman Koonce, FAIAAmerican Institute of Architects
Roy Graham, FAIACatholic University
Eddie Tullis,Creek Indian Enterprises
