Issue14 compress without cover

8/7/2019 Issue14 compress without cover

1/27


2/27

Gcltblts

Vmis Ecltm

Cut & @dcut

VM

B

Wpbot`tcrVmb Wpbot`tcr is lcw clkilb `t www.tmbspbot`tcr.gc.uo.gc.uo

Tbstùr`lts, D`rs, Gkuds@kk tmb dbst d`rs `lf gkuds il tcwl.

Gity E`pFclt jbt kcst.

42

41

44

6

Zm`ts ClVmb pigo ca tmb bltbrtìleblt kistiljs.

Vmb Juifb

Dccoism DismoboMckky Eybrs tòbs ` kcco `t gcltbepcr`ry

kitbr`turb il Oyrjyzst`l, gclsifbrilj tmb

kbj`gy ca k`tb kitbr`ry mbrc Gmiljiz @ite`-

tcv `kclj tmb w`y.

Acgus

Lbws `lf QibwsIskèig ulfbrgurrblts `lf tmcsb f`st`rfky

ZioiKbòs? it is ` d`f tieb tc db `l @ebri-

g`l fipkce`t il Gbltr`k @si`.

Qikkìl ca tmb Yb`rWpbot`tcrrb`fbrs m`f tmb cppcrtulity tcbkbgt tmbir a`vcuritb d`f juy il 4808, `lf

tmby vctbf cvbrwmbkeiljky il a`vcur ca

1

08

01

0=

Vmb Wpbot`tcr E`j`zilb is vìk`dkb t kcg`ticls tmrcujmcut Dismobo, ilgkufilj> (Vr`vbk @jblgibs) @fvblturb Wbkkbr, @o-Wì Vr`vbk, G`rkscl Z`jclkit, Gbkbsti`k Ecultìls, Bgctcur, Jk`vtcur,Oyrjyz Gclgbpt,

Oyrjyz Vr vbk, Euz`, LcviLce`f (D`rs & Tbstùr`lts) Gcwdcy, Mckkywccf, Ebtrc, Lbw Ycro Xizz`, Lc0, 4x4, Dcukbv`rf, Gcbbmcusb, Fco`, A`tdcys, Acur Wb`scls, Kivb D`r, Kculjb D`r,Ebri, L`vij`tcr, Wt`ry Bfj`rs Qbr`lf`, @fri`tigc, Gygkclb, Fckgb Qit`, W`lt` E`ri`, Jckfbl Dukk (G`silcs) Burcp`, Jckfbl Fr`jcl, ]C (Mctbks) Fcstuo, My`tt, Jckfbl Fr`jcl, Mckif`y, @kpi-

list (Bed`ssibs `lf Crj`lis`ticls) Vmb RL duikfilj, Vmb @ebrig`l d`sb, Vmb Jbre`l Bed`ssy, Vmb Futgm Gclsuk`tb, G@EX @k`-tcc, LGGT, Vmb Dismobo Cpbr` & D`kkbt Wcgibty.

CL VMB GCQBT> @ vbry Ebtrc Gmriste`s> Gkip`rt tòbl

arce @rtd`sm.ru (@kbo` Gkìrb)

Jcilj acr JckfO`ròck-d`sbf ncurl`kist Wbrjby Qysct-

soy fijs iltc mis vbrit`dkb trcvb ca kcg`k

olcwkbfjb `lf bxpbrtisb tc jivb Wpbot`-

tcrrb`fbrs tmb wcrf cl Oyrjyzst`lsk`rjbst iltbrl`ticl`k ncilt vblturb, jckf-

eililj gclgbrl Ouetcr.

Tce`lgb cl tmb WtbppbB`jkb-e`f Fbllis Obbl eissicls tc `

vikk`jb dbyclf tmb dkbò O`zòm tcwl ca

O`r`j`lf` tc fflf Gbltr`k @si`l a`kgclry

pil up Eòp`k @dfr`zòcv`.

Vmb Wpbot`tcr E`j`zilb

Aculfbr>Vce Zbkkiljs

E`l`jilj Bfitcr> Gmris Tigokbtcl

(bfitcrHtmbspbot`tcr.gc.uo)

Wt` writbrs> Fbllis Obbl (fbl-lisobblHtmbspbot`tcr.gc.uo), Tcdbrt

E`ros (r.e`rosHtmbspbot`tcr.gc.uo),Zikk Drcwl, Bv`l M`rris,

X`trigo D`rrcw, X`vbk Orcpctoil@ltmcly Dutts (`ltmclyduttsH

tmbspbot`tcr.gc.uo), Wbrjby Qysctsoy

Jubst Gcltridutcr> Mckky Eybrs

Fbsijl> @kbo` Gkìrb

@fvbrtisilj E`l`jbr>Iril` O`syecv`(beìk> `fvbrtisbHtmbspbot`tcr.gc.uo)

www.tmbspbot`tcr.gc.uoZ`lt tc gcltridutb s arbbk`lgb

writbr3 Xkb`sb gclt`gt>

bfitcrHtmbspbot`tcr.gc.uo

Jbttilj Ilo FclbV`ttcc, cr lct t`ttcc3>Vm`t is tmb qubsticl.

Zikk Drcwl `lswbrs il tmb `re`tivb.

=


3/27

Fbgbedbr 4808 Vmb Wpbot`tcr www.tmbspbot`tcr.gc.uo

6 Vmis Ecltm

DIWMOBO, Fbgbedbr = (Bur`si`lbt.crj)

Oo N`r is clb ca sbvbr`k sbttkbeblts `rculf Oyr-jyzst`ls g`pit`k, Dismobo, tm`t `rb dbilj skcwky

sw`kkcwbf up il tmb gitys urd`l spr`wk. Vmb vik-k`jb, clgb ` Wcvibt gckkbgtivb a`re, m`s dbgcebjr`fu`kky surrculfbf dy sc-g`kkbf lcvcstrcioi,

lbw gclstrugticls tm`t ab`turb e`lsicls duikt dyDismobos dbttbr-c, `s wbkk `s tmb ecrb ecfbstfwbkkiljs dbkcljilj tc eijr`lts arce tmb prcv-

ilgb.Lbijmdcrmccfs kiob Oo N`r rbfflbgt tmb sc-

gi`k fylèigs ca prbsblt-f`y Oyrjyzst`l. @kclj

` fusty `ggbss rc`f st`lfs ` twc-fflccr ecsqubgcepkbx. Vmb duikfilj, wmigm, `ggcrfilj tc kc-

g`ks, w`s spclscrbf dy ` Ouwìti `sscgi`ticl, w`sduikt `dcut 08 yb`rs `jc dut stccf ulusbf acr `wmikb dbgùsb ca pccr e`l`jbeblt `lf ` k`go ca

`ttblf`lgb dy kcg`ks. Acr tmb p`st ffvb yb`rs, it m`ssbrvbf `s tmb @du Dòr @k-Wyfyo e`fr`ss`.Ilsifb, twc fczbl yculj ebl rbgbivb rbki-

jicus ilstrugticl. Vmbrb is jrcwilj iltbrbst acrIskè il tmb gcultry, `ksc il tmb g`pit`k, Rst`f

Ourd`l, tmb e`fr`ss`s firbgtcr, bxpkìlbf `smb smcwbf c tmb sp`rt`l, ybt wbkk-eìltìlbfprbeisbs. Vmis is wmy wb trìl auturb g`frbs. Vmb

gcursbs tòb tmrbb yb`rs lf tmb gurrigukue is `p-prcvbf dy tmb Euati`tb _@ st`tb-s`lgticlbf rbki-jicus `jblgyU. Zb clky `feit stufblts arce tmb

liltm gk`ss, àtbr tmby `ttblfbf rbjuk`r sgmcck. Iltmb àtbrlccl, wmbl tmb rbjuk`r sgmccks `rb ffl-

ismbf, pbcpkb arce tmb lbijmdcrmccf g`l gceb`lf `ttblf gcursbs `dcut Iskè, cr tmby g`l usb

tmb ecsqub `t pr`ybr tiebs tcc.@kk ca tmb e`fr`ss`s stufblts `rb dc`rfbrs.

Ecst stufblts `lf st`brs gceb arce scutmbrlrbjicls ca Oyrjyzst`l, ` abw `rb arce V`k`s Xrcv-

ilgb. Vmb k`lju`jbs ca ilstrugticl `rb Oyrjyz `lf@r`dig. @kk ca cur stufblts mbrb `t tmb eceblt`rb Oyrjyz, Ourd`l bxpkìlbf. Ca gcursb, `kk `rb

wbkgceb mbrb, rbj`rfkbss ca btmligity. Dut tmbrb is` strclj lbbf acr Iskèig trìlilj èclj Oyrjyz.

Lcl-Oyrjyz tblf tc jc tc tmb abw Tussi`l-spbò-ilj e`fr`ss`s, cr jc `drc`f.

Vmb e`fr`ss` `t Oo N`r is clb ca tmrbb cl

tmb cutsoirts ca Dismobo rul dy @fbp D`sm`ti, Òyrjyzst`l-d`sbf aculf`ticl tm`t is ilvckvbfiltc ` wifb r`ljb ca scgi`k `lf gm`rit`dkb `gtivi-

tibs. @fbp D`sm`ti (eb`lilj scurgb ca ecr`kityil Bljkism) w`s aculfbf il 4887 dy ` jrcup ca

Oyrjyz jr`fu`tbs ca @k-@zm`r Rlivbrsity il Gìrc.Vmb crj`liz`ticl lcw m`s rbprbsblt`tivbs `lfvckultbbrs il kk ca Oyrjyzst`ls prcvilgbs.

@ggcrfilj tc stufy cl Is kèig scgi`k crj`li-z`ticls dy tmb Wcgi`k Tbsb`rgm Gbltrb il Dismobo,@fbp D`sm`ti rbgbivbs ecst ca its aulfilj vi`

gcltriduticls arce syep`tmbtig Euskies `lf kc-g`k dusilbssebl. Vm`t st`lfs il gcltr`st tc kcg`klcl-jcvbrleblt`k crj`liz`ticls tm`t wcro tc

acstbr givik scgibty, e`ly ca wmigm `rb fbpblf-blt cl iltbrl`ticl`k fclcrs. Wceb pbcpkb tmilo

tm`t wbrb `w`sm witm aulfs arce Vuroby cr @r`dgcultribs, dut tm`t is lct sc, gcltblfbf E`rsIdr`bv, clb ca @fbp D`sm`tis aculfbrs wmc j`vb

`l iltbrvibw t tmb aculf`ticls cgb cl tmb cut-soirts ca Csm. Il a`gt, wb fc lct wcro cl acrbijlaulfilj. Zb tmilo tm`t it is up tc tmb Euskies ca

Akbfjkilj Iskèig Gm`rity Tbfflbgts Jrcwilj Tckb acr TbkijiclDTRLC FB GCTFIBT

Oyrjyzst`l tc smcw iliti`tivb `lf wb wcukf kiobtc obbp ` gbrtìl ilfbpblfblgb.

Zmikb mcebjrcwl `lf kcg`kky aulfbf Iskèig

gm`ritibs `rb ` wbkk-bst`dkismbf pmblceblcl il@r`d `lf ctmbr gk`ssig`k Euskie scgibtibs, it is

r`tmbr lbw il Oyrjyzst`l. Vcjbtmbr witm tmb `p-pb`r`lgb ca Iskèig d`loilj `lf m`k`k gàs cvbr

tmb k`st ffvb yb`rs, tmby sujjbst tm`t Iskès ilfflu-blgb il Oyrjyz scgibty is sprb`filj. Idr`bv, wmcstufibf `t @k-@zm`r cl ` Euati`tb sgmck`rsmip il

4888, w`s ilspirbf dy tmb Iskèig aculf`ticls lfgm`ritibs tm`t cpbr`tb il e`ly Euskie gcultribs.Clb sugm gm`rity suppcrtbf Idr`bvs pbrscl`k

M`nn, tmb pikjrie`jb tc Ebgg`. K`tbr, Idr`bv fiffcgtcr`k rbsb`rgm cl tmb fylèigs ca Iskè il

Oyrjyzst`l.Fbspitb tmb ilgrb`silj iltbrbst il Iskè `lf

tmb jrcwilj luedbrs ca ecsqubs, it is stikk tcc

eugm `dcut ritu`ks `lf tr`fiticls r`tmbr tm`lscgi`k rbspclsidikity `lf bvbryf`y kiab, Idr`bv bx-pkìlbf. Vm`t is wmy wb sbt up tmb aculf`ticl.

Its lct `kw`ys b`sy. Zb m`vb tc ffjmt prbnufigb. ...X`rts ca tmb pckitig`k bkitb `lf tmb iltbkkijbltsi` iltmis gcultry `rb stikk àrìf ca rbkijicl `lf fc lct

w`lt tc db `sscgi`tbf witm it. Wcebtiebs tmby trytc fisgrbfit us.

@fbp D`sm`ti m`s sceb 68 gcrb pbrscllbk,sceb ca wmce wcro il ctmbr prcabssicl`k spmbrbsdbsifbs tmbir blj`jbeblt witm tmb aculf`ticl. It

`ksc rbkibs cl mulfrbfs ca vckultbbrs, e`ly catmbe bltrbprblburs, tb`gmbrs `lf stufblts. @s istmb g`sb witm e`ly Iskèig gm`ritibs, bfug`ticl is

@fbp D`sm`tis acg`k pcilt. Dbsifbs its e`fr`ss`s

`lf gcursbs cl Iskè, it prcvifbs ecltmky sti-pblfs `lf ctmbr e`tbri`k suppcrt tc sceb 488

stufblts `ttblfilj rbjuk`r ulivbrsitibs `lf ctmbr

bfug`ticl`k ilstituticls il Csm `lf Dismobo. Vmbcrj`liz`ticl m`s `ksc pudkismbf ` fczbl ca rbki-

jicusky tmbebf dccos `lf pèpmkbts.Vmb aculf`ticl `ksc cbrs jr`lts tc mbkp

dbkibvbrs ulfbrtòb rbkijicus cdkij`ticls, sugm`s tmb M`nn pikjrie`jb, `lf it prcvifbs `ssist-`lgb acr Ourd`l @it, tmb `llu`k ab`st ca s`griffgb.

K`st yb`r, wb skùjmtbrbf sceb 428 `lie`ks `lffistridutbf tmb eb`t tc pccr aèikibs, sìf O`r`-zò Ocn`y`rcv, `lctmbr ca @fbp D`sm`tis aculf-

brs `lf kb`fbrs. Mb `ffbf tm`t tmb Euati`tb tmisyb`r `sobf tmb aculf`ticl tc mbkp crj`lizb ` pik-

jrie`jb tc Ebgg` acr 28 ilfivifu`ks cut ca Oyr-jyzst`ls cvbr`kk quct` ca 6,288. Its tmb ffrst tiebtmby fc tmis, Ocn`y`rcv sìf.

@atbr tmb ricts tm`t r`v`jbf scutmbrl Oyr-jyzst`l il Nulb, vckultbbrs `lf suppcrtbrs ca@fbp D`sm`ti cpbr`tbf ` dòbry tm`t prcvifbf

drb`f acr `dcut tmrbb wbbos tc aèikibs fispk`gbfdy tmb vickblgb. Qigties `ksc rbgbivbf ffl`lgi`kìf. @atbr tmb ricts, tmbrb w`s `l urjblt lbbf acr

mue`lit`ri`l ìf, dut ca gcursb it is lc kclj-tbrecpticl, Idr`bv gcltilubf.

Vmb bgclcey, wmigm w`s `kw`ys eukti-btmligmbrb il Csm, m`s subrbf kct witm tmb ricts, Idr`bvlctbf. Il tmb gurrblt l`ticl`kist gkie`tb it wclt

db b`sy tc rbstcrb tmis. Dut wb m`vb tc try. Zb `rb` eukti-btmlig `sscgi`ticl, sc `rb cur suppcrtbrs`lf Iskè il lct dculf tc btmligity. Ia wb fc se`kk-

sg`kb scgi`k wcro, it g`l e`ydb sbt `l bxèpkb.

Oyrjyz tb`gmbrs prctbst sprb`fs lcrtmFbgbedbr 07 (Gbltr`k`si`lbwswirb.gce)

Mulfrbfs ca sgmcck tb`gmbrs il lcrtmbrl rbjicls

ca Oyrjyzst`l `rb r`kkyilj acr mijmbr p`y `lf

ctmbr fbe`lfs ackkcwilj strioilj tb`gmbrs il tmb

scutm ca tmb gcultry.

Bfug`tcrs il tmb fistrigt ca Nbti-Cjuz il tmb

lcrtmb`stbrl Issyo-Ouk prcvilgb `llculgbf

tmby wcukf dbjil prctbst `gticl cl Eclf`y, tmb

Dismobo-d`sbf 46.oj lbws `jblgy rbpcrtbf.

Dbsifbs g`kkilj acr mijmbr p`y, tmb Issyo-Ouk

tb`gmbrs w`lt ` rbvisicl il tmb w`y tmby `rb pìf

`lf ` 28 pbrgblt fisgcult cl utikity dikks.Vmb bfug`tcrs vcw tc dbjil ` ecltm-kclj

striob ia bfug`ticl`k ùtmcritibs fc lct ebbt

tmbir fbe`lfs, tmby sìf.

Il lbijmdcrilj L`ryl prcvilgb, `rculf 488

sgmcck tb`gmbrs `lf tmbir suppcrtbrs tcco tc

tmb eìl squ`rb ca L`ryl gity Arif`y tc fbe`lf

mijmbr w`jbs `lf gmb`pbr bkbgtrigity il sckif`r-

ity witm tmbir scutmbrl gckkb`jubs wmc m`vb

dbbl cl striob silgb b`rky Fbgbedbr.

Vmb tb`gmbrs, wmc `rb pìf arce $78 tc $68

` ecltm, w`lt tmbir s`k`ribs ilgrb`sbf tc $488 tc

$428 ` ecltm.

Vmb Oyrjyz Eilistry ca Ail`lgb m`s sìf tmb

jcvbrleblt fcbs lct m`vb tmb dufjbt tc ebbttmb risilj gkìes tm`t `rb sprb`filj l`ticlwifb.

Vmb L`ryl prctbstcrs m`vb ctmbr gkìes

dbsifbs p`y `lf bkbgtrigity cl tmbir st`tbeblt

ca fbe`lfs, `ffrbssbf tc Xrbsifblt Tcz` Ctul-

d`ybv`.

Vmb prctbstcrs s`y kcg`k ùtmcritibs smcukf

`ksc blf tmb pr`gtigb ca r`ticlilj pct`dkb w`tbr

suppkibs `lf rbfugb tmb prigbs ca accfs.

Vmb kist `ksc g`kks acr tmb jcvbrleblt tc gceb

gkb`l witm fbtìks cl tmb fb`ks it is eòilj witm

acrbijl ilvbstcrs.

Vmb st`tbeblt spbòs `dcut dcrfbr k`lfs

`lf `rb`s wmbrb acrbijl gcep`libs wcro (@osì

`lf @rp`). Xrctbstbrs fbe`lf lct tc sbkk tmbe,

46.oj gitbf clb ca tmb gccrfil`tcrs ca tmb prctbst`gticl, Broil @s`l`kibv, `s s`yilj cl Arif`y.

@s`l`kibv, wmc mb`fs tmb L`ryl Eissicl Gc`-

kiticl acr Fbecgr`gy `lf Givik Wcgibty, gm`rjbs kc-

g`k cgi`ks ca stb`kilj $=8=,888 ca pudkig aulfs.

Ecrb tm`l 288 pbcpkb sijlbf tmb prctbst kbt-

tbr, mb sìf.

K`st wbbo il tmb scutmbrl prcvilgb ca Czjcl,

`rculf 288 sbgclf`ry sgmcck tb`gmbrs pigobtbf

kcg`k jcvbrleblt cgbs acr ilgrb`sbf p`y `lf

kcwbr utikity dikks.

Wceb 028 ca tmbir gckkb`jubs il lbijmdcrilj

D`z`r-Ocrjcl fistrigt `rb p`rtigip`tilj il ` striob

tm`t dbj`l tmbrb `t tmb turl ca tmis ecltm.

Oyrjyzst`l r`lobf k`st il tmb Xrcjrè acr Il-tbrl`ticl`k Wtufblt @ssbsseblt (XIW@) bfug`ticl

survby tm`t r`los sgmcck systbes iltbrl`ticl`kky,

it w`s `llculgbf cl Arif`y.


4/27

www.tmbspbot`tcr.gc.uo Fbgbedbr 4808 Vmb Wpbot`tcr

2Vmis Ecltm

DIWMOBO, Fbgbedbr 08 (Okccp.oj)

Tussi`l lbws dkcj Tccsoi Tbpcrtbr pudkismbf

twc sbgrbt fcgueblts `ttridutbf tc tmb R.W.

Bed`ssy il Oyrjyzst`l, cbrilj fbsgripticls ca

E`xie Dòibv, scl ca acrebr Oyrjyz Xrbsifblt

Oure`ldbo Dòibv. Mcwbvbr, tmb `ggur`gy ca tmb

f`t` m`s lct ybt dbbl gclffrebf.

Arce tmbsb fcgueblts it is ulfbrstccf tm`t

E`xie Dòibv w`s clb ca tmb crijil`tcrs ca tmb

ifb` tc eìltìl tmb E`l`s ird`sb `lf rblèb it

tmb Vr`lsit Gbltrb. Dòibv `lf Gm`rjb f@ìrbs

acr tmb R.W. Bed`ssy il Oyrjyzst`l, Kbb Kitzbl-

dbrjbr, rbpcrtbfky fisgussbf tmb d`sb cl tmb

bvblilj ca Nuky 07, 4889.

E`xie Dòibv, wmc w`s lct blj`jbf il `ly

pudkig cgb `t tmb tieb, crj`lizbf tmb ìr d`sbs

prbsbrv`ticl vi` sceb @ebrig`l Ariblfs, wmcsb

lèbs `lf titkbs wbrb lct fisgkcsbf il tmb fcgu-eblt.

E`xie sìf tm`t mb `jrbbf cl tmb d`sis ca

tmb lbw `rr`ljbeblt (tmb lèb gm`ljbs, tmb

cpbr`ticl st`ys) witm R.W. ariblfs il Z`smilj-

tcl, dbacrb tmb `rriv`k ca tmb @ebrig`l lbjcti`t-

ilj tbè il @prik, rb`f tmb rbpcrt wmigm Kitzbl-

dbrjbr suppcsbfky sblt tc Z`smiljtcl àtbr `

ebbtilj witm Dòibv Nr.

@t clb pcilt, wmbl tmb @ebrig`l sifb rbsist-

bf tmb Oyrjyz prcpcs`k tc rbpk`gb `kk rbabrblgbs

tc eikit`ry pbrscllbk `lf ilstb`f usb tmb tbre

sbgurity pbrscllbk E`xie g`kkbf ariblfs il

Z`smiljtcl tc rbsckvb tmb prcdkbe, tmb rbpcrt

gcltilubs.Vmb p`rtibs `ksc fisgussbf tmb pcssidikity ca

cpblilj `l `ffiticl`k trìlilj gèp acr tmb R.W.

eikit`ry, fbspitb tmb a`gt tm`t E`xie Dòibv `g-

olcwkbfjbf tm`t Tussi` is vbry ulm`ppy il tmis

rbj`rf.

Mb sìf tm`t tmb Tussi`ls wbrb tbrridky `ljry

`lf tribf tc pulism Oyrjyzst`l, dut tmby wbrb

il ` qu`lf`ry, rbabrrilj tc _Xrbsifblt FeitriU

Ebfvbfbvs st`tbeblt tm`t tmb auturb ca tmb

E`l`s d`sb w`s ` pbrscl`k fbgisicl acr Oyr-

jyzst`l, tmb rbpcrt st`tbf.

Kitzbldbrjbr `ksc cbrbf ` aìrky fbtìkbf

fbsgripticl ca E`xie, wmc k`tbr wblt cl tc mb`f

tmb Gbltr`k @jblgy acr Fbvbkcpeblt, Ilvbsteblt

`lf Illcv`ticl (G@FII). Mb fbsgridbf tmb dbm`v-icr ca tmb scl ca tmb prbsifblt `s quibt, dut ` kit-

tkb spcikbf, lf prcvifbf l ulffl`ttbrilj pmysig`k

`ggcult ca Dòibv Nr., lctilj tm`t mb w`s ` kittkb

cvbrwbijmt `lf d`kfilj, witm ` t`stb acr bxpbl-

sivb Wgctgm wmisoy.

_@t iltbrv`ksU E`xie wcukf stcp t`koilj, `lf

wìt acr cutsifbrs tc gkb`r tmb rcce, sìf tmb rb-

pcrt ca tmbir pr iv`tb gclvbrs`ticl.

X`rty `t Issyo-Ouk

Il `lctmbr fcgueblt, `ksc pudkismbf cl tmb

Tccsoi Tbpcrtbr wbd sitb, tmbrb `rb fbtìks ca `l

bvblt cl Nulb 48, 4889, mbkf il gbkbdr`ticl ca tmb

cpblilj ca tmb mctbk Qity`z. Qity`z w`s ` kuxurymctbk cwlbf dy E`xie Dòibv.

Cl tmb bvblilj, `ggcrfilj tc Kitzbldbrjbr

sceb 488 ctmbr jubsts wbrb ilvitbf, ilgkufilj

tmb R.W Gm`rjb F@ìrs.

Rlvbriffbf ZioiKbò rbg`kks ` fceil`lt E`xie DòibvGMCKXCL LRTK@LCQ@ @LF G@VMBTILB OKIEGMBLOC

Vmb rbpcrt quctbf tmb tmbl firbgtcr ca tmb

Wt`tb @jblgy ca Xmysig`k Gukturb `lf Wpcrts, @k-

bx`lfbr Qcilcv, wmc sìf tm`t mb, il `ffiticl tc

ctmbr sblicr cgi`ks, jcvbrlcrs `lf EXs, m`f`ttblfbf tmb bvblt, dbgùsb it w`s rbquirbf ca

tmbe.

Qcilcv sìf tm`t kb`filj dusilbssebl wbrb

ilvitbf tc duy tigobts tc tmb bvblt acr dbtwbbl

08 `lf 02 tmcus`lf fckk`rs tc ffl`lgb tmb cpbl-

ilj. Qcilcv sìf tm`t jcvbrleblt cgi`ks `lf

dusilbssebl rbausbf tc gceb cl prilgipkb, dut

tm`t tmbir wcro `lf dusilbss iltbrbsts wcukf

sudsbqubltky db tmrb`tblbf, rb`f Kitzbldbrjbrs

rbpcrt.

Vmb R.W. fipkce`t lctbf il tmb fcgueblt

tm`t `ktmcujm E`ly dusilbssebl sbbe tc gr`vb

tc gurry a`vcr witm E`xie, tmby e`fb mypcgriti-

g`k gceeblts ackkcwilj mis fbp`rturb.Il wm`t gcultry fc wb kivb ia wb kk, ilgkufilj

pccr Ijcr _GmufilcvU m`vb tc w`j cur tìk dbacrb

mis scl nust tc st`y il dusilbss3 clb ca tmbe w`s

quctbf `s s`yilj.

Vmb fcgueblt st`tbf tm`t E`xie Dòibv w`s

w`tgmbf dy bijmt dcfyju`rfs `t tmb p`rty, `lf

`ffbf l bxpk`l`ticl acr sugm sbgurity eb`surbs.

Qcilcv sìf tm`t E`xie is jrb`tky il lbbf ca

blm`lgbf prctbgticl, jivbl tm`t mb tcco cvbr tmb

dusilbssbs ca e`ly pbcpkb il tmb gcultry, wrctb

Kitzbldbrjbr.

Vmb Tussi`l @ed`ss`fcr

Vmb rbpcrt `ksc mijmkijmts tmb prbsblgb cl tm`t

bvblilj ca Tussi`l @ed`ss`fcr tc Oyrjyzst`lQ`kbltil Qk`scv, `lf lctbf mis `ffrbssilj tmb

issub ca tmb R.W. ìrd`sb E`l`s witm clb ca tmb

p`rkièblt`ry fbputibs, `ksc ` jubst `t tmb bvblt.

Zb rbgbivbf crfbrs firbgtky arce tmb @ebri-

g`l prbsifblt. Bvbrytmilj wikk db `s it w`s _E`l`s

wikk st`y cpblU, dut ycu smcukf olcw tm`t its `kk

`dcut eclby, `rb Qk`scvs gceeblts tc tmb EX,

`s st`tbf il tmb fcgueblt.

Kitzbldbrjbr lctbf tm`t tmb Tussi`l èd`s-

s`fcr w`s lct surprisbf dy tmis lbws, dut tm`t mb

_Qk`scvU virukbltky bxprbssbf tmb fbsirb tc olcw

`kk tmb fbtìks `dcut tmb eclby eblticlbf dytmb fbputy.

@t tmb blf ca tmb fcgueblt tmb R.W. fipkc-

e`t gclgkufbf tm`t, d`sbf cl wm`t mb m`f sbbl,

tmb fceil`lt rckb ca E`xie Dòibv il tmb Oyrjyz

bgclcey, w`s gclffrebf dbyclf fcudt. Kitzbl-

dbrjbr lctbf tm`t tmis gùsbs fisgcltblt èclj

dusilbss kb`fbrs `lf cgi`ks wmc dbkibvb tm`t

_misU bxgbssbs il tmb blf, wikk m`re tmb aèiky `lf

tmb gcultry,

Vmb rbki`dikity ca tmb Tccsoi Tbpcrtbr ZioiKb-

òs is lct gclffrebf

Il `l iltbrvibw witm tmb Tussi`l sbrvigb ca tmb

DDG, tmb Bfitcr-il-Gmiba ca Tccsoi Tbpcrtbrgkìebf tm`t mis pudkig`ticl rbgbivbs fcgueblts

arce ncurl`kist, wcroilj witm Zioikbòs.

Mcwbvbr, `ggcrfilj tc tmb DDG, Tccsoi Tb-

pcrtbr is lct èclj tmb rbscurgbs tm`t `rb lctbf

`s cgi`k p`rtlbrs ca ZioiKbòs, `kk ca wmce m`vb

`ggbss tc `t kb`st p`rt ca tmb f`t` `rgmivbs.

Il tmb `rtigkb, tmb DDG lctbs tm`t ` ju`r`ltbb

ca tmb fcgueblts v`kifity `lf tmbir dbkcljilj tc

tmb ZioiKbòs rgmivb is gurrbltky ul`vìk`dkb.

Mcwbvbr, it is lct ybt pcssidkb tc rbki`dky

vbriay `kk tmb e`tbri`ks, s`ys tmb DDG.

Eb`lwmikb, sbvbr`k Xòist`li lbwsp`pbrs

`feittbf tm`t tmby pudkismbf a`ksb fisp`tgmbs,

gkìeilj tmby dbkcljbf tc R.W. bed`ssibs, il

wmigm fipkce`ts spcob `dcut `l `kkbjbf spkit iltmb Ilfi`l @rey `lf suppcrt il Ilfi` acr jrcups

ca rbkijicus a`l`tigs.

Vmb DDG pcilts cut tm`t tmis gcukf db tmb

m`lfiwcro ca Xòist`li iltbkkijblgb. Zm`tbvbr

tmb acrjbrys scurgb, tmb feissicl e`ros tmb ffrst

fbtbgticl ca a`ksb fisp`tgmbs silgb tmb dbjillilj

ca tmb pudkig`ticl ca @ebrig`l fipkce`ts sbgrbt

gcrrbspclfblgb.

Oyrjyz gceeissicl dkèbs btmlig Rzdbos acr Nulb ricts

Fbgbedbr 07 (Gbltr`k`si`lbwswirb.gce)

@l ilfbpblfblt Oyrjyz gceeissicl gm`rjbf

witm ilvbstij`tilj tmb gùsbs ca tmb fb`fky ri-

cts tm`t rippbf tmrcujm tmb Csm `lf N`k`k`d`f

prcvilgbs il Nulb rbkb`sbf its fflfiljs cl Ecl-

f`y `lf dkèbf btmlig Rzdbos acr tmb ulrbst.

Vmb kcg`k gclffligt tcco pk`gb il tmb scutm

ca Oyrjyzst`l tm`t w`s iliti`tbf dy btmlig Rz-

dbos, tmb Abrjm`l`.ru lbws jblgy quctbf Oyr-

jyz Cedufse`l Vursuldbo @oul `s `llculg-

ilj cl Eclf`y.

Vmby st`rtbf tmis gclffligt, ffl`lgbf `lf il-

stij`tbf gceecl Rzdbo a`rebrs tc jc `jìlst

Oyrjyzs, mb sìf.

Mb sìf tmb btmlig Rzdbo pcpuk`ticl m`fvbry gkb`r jc`ks il ilstij`tilj tmb ulrbst.

Vmb jc`k ca `jblt prcvcg`tburs w`s tc

grb`tb ùtclcey `lf eòb Rzdbo tmb cgi`k

k`lju`jb. Vmby w`ltbf tc turl Csm `lf N`k`-

k`d`f cdk`sts iltc tmb ùtclcecus rbjicl caRzdboist`l. Vmby wbrb kilobf tc Rzdbo giti-

zbls, rigm Rzdbo pbcpkb tm`t cppcsb _Rzdbo

Xrbsifblt IskèU O`riecv. Vmby w`ltbf tc

cvbrtmrcw O`riecv `lf put tmbir cwl pbrscl

ilstb`f ca mie `lf jcvbrl bltirb Rzdboist`l

witm Csm `lf N`k`k`d`f cdk`sts il it.

@oul sìf tmb gceeissicl gcepkbtbf its

wcro twc ecltms `jc `lf wikk sccl prbsblt its

fflfiljs acre`kky tc tmb iltbrie Xrbsifblt Tcz`

Ctuld`ybv`.

@l iltbrl`ticl`k gceeissicl mb`fbf dy

Aillism pckitigi`l Oieec Oiknulbl is `ksc il tmb

eifst ca ilvbstij`tilj tmb gùsbs ca tmb btmlig

ricts. Vmb gceeissicl dbj`l its wcro il k`tb

Wbptbedbr `lf is bxpbgtbf tc pudkism its rb-

pcrt il k`tb Abdru`ry 4800.


5/27


1 Vmis Ecltm

MB BQIK JBLIRW ca priv`tiz`ticl

pc-Oirjizsoi, brstwmikb Xrilgb ca Oyr-jyzst`l `lf `l `kkbjbf `ggcepkigb iltmb îclist gclspir`gy tc tòb cvbr tmb

wcrkf, E`xie Dòibv is ` spbgi`k drbbfca d`ffy. Il kibu ca tmbsb `lf ctmbr qu`kitibs,

ycu, rb`fbrs ca tmb Wpbot`tcr, vctbf rbsculf-iljky tc bkbgt mie `s Oyrjyzst`ls Qikkìl ca tmb

Yb`r acr 4808, ` yb`r arce wmigm ` wmckb g`st casgculfrbks bebrjbf s pctblti`k gcepbtiticl.

Db`tilj c gkìes tc tmb tcp spct arce Csmstrclje`l Ebkis Eyrzòe`tcv (4lf pk`gb), `lf

eòilj mis a`tmbr Oure`ldbo (7rf pk`gb) sbberbk`tivbky dblijl, E`x Dòs tcppbf ` tbl e`lkist tm`t `ksc ilgkufbf mis ulgkb, `l Rzdbo fruj

kcrf, `lf pbrscl`k `gquìlt`lgbs ca tmb rb`fbrswmc vctbf. Zb m`vb it cl jccf ilacre`ticl tm`t

tmb acrebr prbsifblts scl is ` a`l ca tmb Wpbot`-

tcr (wb fistridutbf tmb e`j`zilb il e`ly ca tmbd`rs cwlbf), `lf wcukf tmbrbacrb kiob tc cbr

mie cur mb`rtabkt gcljr`tuk`ticls cl rbgbiviljtmis prizb. E`x, ia ycurb rb`filj tmis il ycur Kcl-fcl pblt mcusb, olcw tm`t its cgi`k> Ycu rb`kky

`rb scl-ca-`-ditgm.Lct tm`t wb iltblf tc skur V`ty`l` Dòibv`,

tmb put upcl acrebr ffrst k`fy ca Oyrjyzst`l. Vctmb gcltr`ry, il tmb àtbre`tm ca tmb bvblts ca@prik :, ebfi` scurgbs spbguk`tbf tm`t Eè`

Dòibv` m`f `gtu`kky mbkf pkb`filj sbssiclswitm mbr musd`lf, il ` autikb `ttbept tc rbil iltmbir prcjblys ilgrb`siljky ebj`kce`li`g è-

diticls. Mcwbvbr, `s fisgcvbrbf dy Ncsba Wt`kilsectmbr, mbr fyilj rbjrbt tm`t mbr scl fiflt nciltmb pribstmccf, ` rb`k vikkìl lbvbr kistbls tc mis

p`rblts.

Mb lbvbr eissbf ` soirt

@ktmcujm kittkb is olcwl ca E`xies gmikfmccf,

wb g`l clky `ssueb tm`t clb ca mis gk`sse`tbsrbpb`tbfky stckb mis kulgm eclby il crfbr tc

turl mie iltc sugm `l `v`rigicus `lf pcwbrmuljry nbro. Lbvbrtmbkbss, ` dkcjjbr wmc m`s

GMTIW TIGOKBVCL

@dcvb Oure`ldbo Dòibvs scl w`s `kw`ys

ecrb gceacrt`dkb tòilj eclby tm`l jivilj

it `w`y (`rgmivb)

Tijmt E`xie Dòibv blncybf clky tmb dribabst

ca stilts `s `l cgi`k ilvbsteblt ts`r acr tmb

jcvbrleblt, dut gbrtìlky e`fb tmb ecst ca it

(`rgmivb)

Vmb rbsukts ca cur Qikkìl ca tmb Yb r vctb

`rb il, E`xie Dòibv gkìeilj vigtcry il

` k`lfskifb tm`t bvbl mis f`f wcukf m`vb

dbbl prcuf ca. Vòilj tmis cppcrtulity tc

jbt ebrry `lf sbltieblt`k, wb wcukf kiob

tc bxtblf abstivb jrbbtiljs tc `kk cur rb`f-

brs, `lf cur silgbrb mcpb tm`t 4800 wikk db

` m`ppibr, mb`ktmibr, kbss turdukblt yb`r acrOyrjyzst`l tm`l 4808. Gmbbrs!

jclb tc tmb bcrt ca gcepikilj ` eili-dic ca

Dòs nulicr pìlts tmb cppcsitb pigturb ca ` sbl-sitivb `lf rbfflbf yculj e`l, tmb aukgrue ca `tijmt-olit jrcup ca ariblfs wmc jr`fu`tbf arce

tmb sèb Dusilbss @feilistr`ticl gk`ss `t tmbOyrjyz-Tussi`l-Wk`vig Rlivbrsity, jcilj cl tc

mit up Dismobos bvblilj mct spcts tcjbtmbr, tmbilfispblsidkb gcrb ca ` drc`fbr bkitb bltcur`jb.

Gcep`rilj mie tc tmb mbkk rìsilj, mb`vy-friloilj @if`r @o`bv, scl ca Oyrjyzst`ls ffrstprbsifblt @so`r, tmb dkcjjbr lctbs tm`t E`xieLbvbr smcwbf fisrbspbgt tc lijmtgkud st`...

Mb fr`lo, dut clky kittkb dy kittkb. Mb m`f ` t`stbacr fflb tmiljs? bxpblsivb frilos, Wwiss w`tgmbs,Gmiv`s Tbj`k _gij`rbttbsU...`lf wcebl.

Ia tmb ggcult fis`ppcilts il its aìkurb tc fb-tbgt tmb oby psygmckcjig`k fbffgiblgibs prbsblt

il `kk supbr-vikkìls, tmbl `t kb`st it lctbs ` st`rt-ilj pcilt acr yculj Dòibvs g`rbbr il wce`l-izilj. E`xs eixbf Tussi`l-Oyrjyz p`rblt`jb

kbat mie witm `l ulusu`k a`gb tm`t dctm l`ticl`kjrcups m`vb dbbl quigo tc fiscwl, stikk, tmbrbwbrb gkb`rky ` sugiblt luedbr ca wcebl wmc

aculf mis dujjism, sk`lty dkub bybs lf ggueu-k`tilj pbrscl`kity figukt tc rbsist. Kclj dbacrb

mis f`ffy `sgblfbf, `kecst dy gm`lgb, tc tmbprbsifblti`k mct sb`t, E`xie m`f `krb`fy g`rvbfcut ligmb acr miesbka s kcg`k pk`ydcy witm kk

tmb rijmt gcllbgticls. Zmbl tmb 4882 Vukip Tbv-ckuticl `kkcwbf mis aèiky `ggbss tc tmb iepcv-brismbf gcultrys gcbrs mb wblt iltbrl`ticl`k,

dbffilj dbùtibs arce Tussi`, Vuroby, Isr`bk `lftmb D`ktig st`tbs, k`vismilj tmbe witm bxpblsivb

nbwbkkbry il swbbt p`rtilj.

@ Xrilgb `lf mis Xrilgbfce

Il cur tbltm issub wb e`fb tmb st`tbeblt tm`ttmb Dòibvs w`ltbf ffaty pbr gblt ca `lytmilj

witm ` puksb. Vmis w`s, ca gcursb, lc bx`jjbr`-ticl, `lf tmb kist ca E`xies acrebr `ssbts il

Oyrjyzst`l is eilf-dcjjkilj. Vòb `dcut m`kaca tmb kistiljs il Vmb Juifb (p 44) acr st`rtbrs.

V

QikkìlYb`r

catmb


6/27


:Vmis Ecltm

Vmis, mcwbvbr, w`s clky tmb scat ulfbrdbkky ca tmb

Dòibv gcrpcr`tb bepirb, tmb eb`t `lf dclbs cawmigm w`s il stb`ktm wb`ktm stòbs il kcg`k tbk-bgceeulig`ticls cpbr`tcrs, d`go p`yeblts acr

aubk gcltr`gts `t tmb RW d`sb E`l`s, `l csmcrbiltbrbst il Bljkism acctd`kk gkud Dk`gopcck A.G, kc-

g`k d`los `lf, l`tur`kky, tmb st`tb dufjbt. @ff tctmis lùsbcus `rr`y ca rigmbs mckfilj gcep`libs

`ggusbf ca kùlfbrilj eclby acr tmb It`ki`l E`ff``lf ` m`lf il tmb dukkicl seujjkilj dusilbss ilTussi`, `lf it dbgcebs gkb`r wmy E`x, `kkbjbf tcm`vb blncybf pk`yilj g`rfs witm ` fbgo ca purb

jckf db`rs gcep`riscl tc sceb ca ffgticl`k spyNèbs Dclfs ecst gbkbdr`tbf lbebsbs. FcfjyTussi`l `ggblt wmbl spbòilj Bljkism3> Gmbgo.

@ quigo rb`f ca Liggckb E`gmi`vbkkis ila`-ecus pckitig`k trb`tisb Ik Xrilgipb wikk tbkk ycu tm`t

`ly prilgb smcukf rbsbrvb gbrtìl ecult ca fis-fìl acr mis sudnbgts. Il tmb ieebfi`tb àtbre`tmca tmb bvblts ca @prik :, Dòibv nulicr w`s `sobf

dy clb ncurl`kist> E`xie, wm`t is wìtilj acr ycud`go il Oyrjyzst`l3 Eilfauk ca tmb iepcrt`lgb capcsitivb XT `t sugm ` fbkig`tb eceblt il mis aè-

ikys rbijl, E`x quippbf 2 eikkicl smbbp! Ia tmbgceeblt w`s iltblfbf `s ` sbka-pcrtr`y`k il tmb

jccf smbpmbrf ecukf, tmbl it gbrtìlky aìkbf, il-stb`f rbilacrgilj tmb dij d`f wcka fbpigticl tm`tw`s `krb`fy gceecl gurrblgy il Oyrjyzst`l.

@kecst six ecltms dbacrb tmb gcup il wmigmmb w`s nbttisclbf arce pcwbr, Oure`ldbo Dòibv`ppciltbf mis scl E`xie `s mb`f ca tmb lbwky

grb`tbf Gbltr`k @jblgy acr Fbvbkcpeblt Ilvbst-eblt `lf Illcv`ticl (G@FII). Vmis ceilcusky-ti-tkbf ilstituticl sccl `ssuebf `kk tmb `ppbtitbs ca

its lbw gmiba, `lf E`x prcvbf `feir`dky illcv`-tivb il mis ilvbsteblts, `kkbjbfky pk`gilj $78 eik-

kicl ca ` $788 eikkicl fckk`r scat kc`l arce Tussiìl ` priv`tb d`lo `ggcult.

Wtikk, tmbrb wbrb sijls tm`t tmb wmbbks wbrb

a`kkilj c tmb gk`l nujjbrlùt. Il E`rgm 4808,E`xies eìl dusilbss p`rtlbr, K`tvi`l @ebrig`lYbvjbly Jurbvigm, rbsijlbf `s Firbgtcr-Jblbr`k

ca tmbir sm`rbf mckfilj jrcup EJL àtbr ` w`r-

r`lt w`s issubf acr mis `rrbst il gcllbgticl witmcvbr $4.: dikkicl wcrtm ca arùf. Zmikb cl ` dusi-lbss trip il tmb RW furilj tmb ffrst wbbo ca @prik,

E`xie w`s suppcsbfky g`kkbf dy `l ìfb `lf `f-visbf lct tc rbturl tc Oyrjyzst`l, `s tmb pckitig`k

situ`ticl il tmb gcultry w`s smòy.

Mis pcst-rbvckuticl`ry pm`sbZmbl rbdbks ulaurkbf d`llbrs cutsifb tmb ZmitbMcusb tmb f`y àtbr vickblt gk`smbs dbtwbbl

jcvbrleblt cgi`ks `lf prctbstbrs il V`k`s,E`xie, ecrb sc tm`l mis a`tmbr, w`s tmb t`rjbt.

Vmb Oyrjyz pbcpkb m`f kclj m`rdcurbf tmb sus-pigicl tm`t fub tc tmb gcltbept witm wmigm tmbytrb`tbf tmb gceecl acko, tmb Dòibvs gcukf lct

pcssidky db l`tivb Oyrjyz. Zmikst Dòibv Wr. w`srbpb`tbfky fblculgbf `s ` Fulj`l, mis rbl-bj`fb scl w`s ecrb kcufky d`rr`gobf `s ` Firty

Nbw, tmbir `pp`rblt jblbtig fisgcllbgt ca eilcriepcrt`lgb tc tmb jrcwilj kylgm ecd il gbltr`k

Dismobo.E`x, `s ia gclfugtilj ` e`stbr gk`ss il vik-

kìly, w`s r`tmbr a`r `w`y wmbl it `kk oigobf c.Tbj`rfkbss, tmis fiflt stcp mie pkcttilj ` p`tmd`go tc pcwbr witm Rlgkb N`lysm il ` pmclb g`kkwmigm scebmcw aculf its w`y cltc tmb iltbr-

lbt. Zb lbbf tc fflf 288 d`st`rfs, cpilbf E`x`t clb pcilt furilj tmb g`kk. Ybs, 288 d`st`rfs,`jrbbf N`lysm `pprcviljky. Il tmb sèb wbbo ca

E`y 4808, tmb rbjicl`k `feilistr`ticl duikfiljsil Csm, N`k`k-@d`f `lf D`tobl wbrb sbizbf dy `

jrcup ca, wbkk, `dcut 288 d`st`rfs.E`xie Dòibv, acr mis p`rt, strblucusky fblibs

`ly ilvckvbeblt il tmb turecik tm`t `stigtbf Oyr-

jyzst`l àtbr @prik :, `lf m`s sìf tm`t mb vibwsbvblts il mis mcebk`lf witm mcrrcr. Mcwbvbr,wmbtmbr cr lct tmis is trub `lf `kk jccf d`ffibs

kib tmb Wpbot`tcrsuppcrts its rb`fbrs gmcigb camie `s Qikkìl ca tmb Yb`r, dbgùsb `t eilieue

mb stckb ` arijmtblilj ècult ca kcct, `lf ecstgrugi`kky, mb jct `w`y witm it sgct arbb.

Ia ycurb stikk ulsurb `dcut wmbrb a`gt stcps `lfffgticl st`rts il rbk`ticl tc E`xie Dòibv, tmb lcwilaècus ZioiKbòs gclgbrlilj tmb acrebr prbsi-fblts scl `rb bssblti`k rb`filj. Vmcujm scebkbòs m`vb ybt tc db tbstbf acr ùtmbltigity, E`xie

gclsistbltky bebrjbs arce tmbe `s ilgrbfidky fbg-`fblt, cvbr-gclfffblt `lf prclb tc `pprcpri`t-ilj tmiljs tm`t fclt tbgmlig`kky dbkclj tc mie.

Ilfbbf, tmb Xrilgb ca Oyrjyzst`l bvblsmcwbf up cl mis Dritism gcultbrp`rts r`f`r,wmbl MTM @lfrbw Fuob ca Ycro gèb tc Dismobo`s p`rt ca ` fipkce`tig eissicl tc tmb rbjicl. @g-gcrfilj tc ` g`dkb `ttridutbf tc V`ti`l` Jacbkkbr,RW @ed`ss`fcr tc Oyrjyzst`l, Xrilgb @lfrbwtcco up tmb sudnbgt ca E`xie Dòibv witm justc,wmbl Zbstbrl dusilbssebl dbj`l gcepkìlilj`dcut tmb prbsifblts scl fbe`lfilj mis gutarce v`ricus bltbrprisbs.

Ecrb rbgblt tifdits m`vb sujjbstbf tm`t tmbdbst kbòs `rb ybt tc gceb. Clb tm`t sura`gbf il

` Tussi`l pudkig`ticl smcws E`xie il mis bkb-eblt, tmb gbltrb ca `ttblticl `t tmb cpblilj camis mctbk il Issyo-Ouk. Vmb grcwf `t tmb j`tmbriljwbrb a`r arce blècurbf witm Dòibv Nr., e`ly catmbe m`vilj dbbl squbbzbf acr $08-02,888 `s `gcltriduticl tc tmb cpblilj. Vmb ùtmcr ca tmbg`dkb, bed`ssy `tt`gm Kbb Kitzbldbrjbr, lctbs>E`xie eiljkbf èclj tmb jubsts witm mis ca-ffgi`k wiab @in l` (mb is wbkk olcwl tc m`vb `l-ctmbr jirkariblf) cl clb sifb `lf Xrieb EilistbrIjcr Gmufilcv cl tmb ctmbr. Lbitmbr @in l` lcrGmufilcv kccobf m`ppy tc db tmbrb. Lbvbrtmb-kbss, `t kb`st clb ctmbr pbrscl w`s. Vmbl Gmìre`lca @si`Rlivbrs`kD`lo, Eiomìk L`f`k, w`s il sugmmijm spirits tm`t mb strippbf c lf kb`pt iltc tmbarbbzilj kòb cutsifb acr ` eiflijmt fip. Zitm `kktmcsb wb`ktmy, pcwbrauk pbcpkb tm`t E`xie e`fbeisbr`dkb, tmbrb w`s `kw`ys jcilj tc db clb pbr-scl mb e`fb truky m`ppy.

Zigobf Kbòs


7/27


=

ABZ ZBBOW @JC I w`s t`koilj witm

`l It`ki`l ariblf ca eilb `dcut t`ttccs.Wmb tckf eb tm`t smb w`s iltbrbstbf iljbttilj scebtmilj se`kk cl mbr acct,

dut tm`t smb fiflt olcw mcw tc jc`dcut jbttilj it fclb, cr wmbtmbr smb smcukf bvbl

bltbrtìl tmb ifb` il ` gcultry sugm `s Oyrjyzst`l.I aculf tmb prcpcsiticl bxtrbebky iltbrbstilj db-gùsb Dismobo - acr rb`scls ca mb`ktm `lf myjiblb

fcbslt p`rtiguk`rky st`lf cut `s tmb sàbst pk`gb tcjbt ` t`ttcc. @s scebclb `krb`fy ilobf up, I w`s

iltrijubf, `lf fbgifbf tc turl tmb prcpcsiticl iltc` gm`kkbljb. I dbj`l tr`goilj fcwl ilacre`ticl cltmb t`ttcc sgblb il tmb Oyrjyz g`pit`k.

I st`rtbf dy `soilj `rculf tc sbb ia tmbrbwbrb `ly t`ttcc p`rkcurs il tmb gity. E`ly pbc-pkb I spcob witm tckf eb tm`t tmbrb is ` pk`gb il

tmb gity scebwmbrb cl sceb strbbt, dut lc clbolbw bx`gtky wmbrb. Bvbltu`kky, it w`s sujjbstbftm`t I kcco cl tmb Fibsbk Acrue (Fibsbk.oj) acr il-

acre`ticl. Dbgùsb vbry abw dusilbssbs mbrb ilOyrjyzst`l gtu`kky m`vb tmbir cwl wbdsitbs, tmby

pcst tmbir sbrvigbs `lf kcg`ticls cl tmb acrue.I m`f kccobf cl tmb wbdsitb ` wmikb `jc wmbl Ist`rtbf kccoilj acr pk`gbs `lf ilacre`ticl `dcut

soyfivilj, dut ey l`sgblt Tussi`l typilj soikks

wbrb ` sbricus cdst`gkb il tmb sb`rgm. Jbttiljcvbr tmbsb tbbtmilj trcudkbs I m`vb aculf it tc db

`l ilgrbfidkb rbscurgb.I quigoky gèb `grcss ` twblty-tmrbb-yb`r-

ckf Tussi`l `rtist lèbf Lioit` wmc w`s `lswbr-

ilj qubsticls, cbrilj `fvigb `lf pcstilj mis`rtwcro acr tmcsb tm`t wbrb iltbrbstbf. I kccobf

up mis gclt`gt ilacre`ticl `lf g`kkbf mie. Zb`jrbbf tc ebbt cl Zbflbsf`y `t ` mìr s`kclg`kkbf Q`sm Wtik> Ycur Wtykb.

Zmbl wb ebt up, I `sobf mie `dcut tmb d`-sigs> Mcw mb m`lfkbf dcfy sudst`lgb isck`ticl,wmbrb mb fif mis wcro, `lf mcw kclj mb m`f

dbbl wcroilj acr. Mb bxpkìlbf tc eb tmb iepcr-t`lgb ca lbw lbbfkbs, jkcvbs, gkb`l m`lfs, `lf

` gkb`l wcro blvircleblt. Wceb ca tmb prbgù-ticls rbj`rfilj sàbty m`f dbbl tòbl cl dc`rffurilj ` t`ttcc gbrtiffg`ticl gcursb mb tcco ` abw

yb`rs `jc, dut mb dbj`l mis tr`fb b`rkibr stikk, `s `sixtbbl-yb`r-ckf ulfbr tmb tutbk`jb ca ` wce`l

JbttiljIloFclb

arce Ecsgcw. Zmbl I `sobf `dcut mis stufic mb

tckf eb tm`t mb bitmbr rbltbf cut s`kcls kiob tmbclb wb wbrb ebbtilj il, cr drcujmt mis oit tc gki-blts mcusbs. I t`kobf tc Lioit` `dcut tmb fbsijl

ey ariblf w`ltbf, lf sobf mie mcw mb pitgmbfmis prigbs. Zb tmbl fbgifbf tc m`vb mie cvbr tc

cur `p`rteblt cl W`turf`y tc ilo mbr up.Crijil`kky I m`f tmb ieprbssicl tm`t Tussi`ls

wbrb tmb clky clbs wmc jct t`ttccs mbrb mcwbvbr,

àtbr ffvb eilutbs ca t`koilj tc Lioit` `dcut misdusilbss I w`s surprisbf tc fflf cut tm`t tmb e`ncr-

ity ca mis gkibltbkb wbrb `gtu`kky Oyrjyz wcebl. @k-tmcujm vbry abw Oyrjyz jbt dcfy t`ttccs, tmbrb is` sckif e`robt mbrb acr t`ttcc eòbup cr V`tu`zm.

Ctmbr tm`l grb`tilj prcfugts ca mis cwl `r-tistig bxpbrtisb, Lioit` `ksc fflfs miesbka pk`yiljtcugm up - `ppkyilj gcrrbgticls tc ctmbr `rtists

wcro. I kistblbf fisturdbf `s mb tckf eb `dcut`l `rtist il tmb gity wmc scebtiebs wcros wmikbfrulo, kb`filj tc fis`strcus rbsukts? sg`rs `lf

dkurrbf ie`jbs. Acr Lioit`, qu`kity is ` e`ltr`. Mbis gclst`ltky cl tmb mult acr tmb dbst qu`kity lbb-

fkbs lf ilos, kk tc jbt tmb mijmbst qu`kity rbsukts.Vm`t W`turf`y Lioit` gèb cvbr `rculf 2>78

pe tc st`rt mis wcro. Mb sbt up il ey rcce silgb

it m`s ` jccf cpbl sp`gb witm ` k`rjb dbf. Mb

smcwbf mbr tmb fbsijl smb m`f `sobf acr `lf `p-pkibf it tc mbr acct. Mb tmbl frbw cvbr ` abw `rb`s

witm ` spbgi`k pbl `lf rb`fibf mis oit. I turlbf clsceb eusig `lf ` abw eilutbs k`tbr mis lbbfkbw`s vijik`ltky duzzilj `w`y, pbracr`tilj tmb scat

ca ey ariblfs lokb s smb jct t`ttbf cl tmb dbf.Vmb wmckb prcgbss arce sbttilj up smcp tc

gkcsilj fcwl k`stbf dcut twc lf m`ka mcurs, dutwmbl tmb t`ttcc w`s fflismbf it kccobf è`zilj,gcep`rilj pcsitivbky witm ecst I m`f sbbl fclb

d`go mceb. It sbbes tm`t ecst t`ttccs mbrb `rbilobf il tmis ffly-dy e`llbr? ca tmb abw `gtu`k t`ttcc`rtists mbrb, ecst ca tmbe rb arbbk`lgbrs kiob Lioit`.

Vc db surb, ia ycurb acrbijlbr il Dismobo `lfycurb kccoilj acr ` t`ttcc, Lio is ycur juy. Mb

e`y db ` kittkb dusy tmcujm, silgb e`ly ecrb cacur ariblfs m`vb dbbl kililj up tc jbt wcro fclbwitm mie. Mis dijjbst mcpb is tm`t mb g`l cpbl

mis cwl smcp scebtieb lbxt yb`r, `lf ffl`kky fcwm`t mb kcvbs `kk tmb tieb.

ZIKK DTCZL

@

@dcvb Lioit` wcros mis cwl spbgi`k dr`lf ca

e`jig (pmctc Zikk Drcwl)

Arce swb`ty dcxilj jyes tc rust-dugobt

Wcvibt pk`lbs, Zikk Drcwlm`s bxpbriblgbf

mis aìr sm`rb ca Dismobos jl`rky sifb. Lbxt

up cl tmb kist is ` lbbfkb-sm`rp jk`lgb `t

tmb g`pit`ks t`ttcc sgblb, clky tmis tieb, mbs

tòilj ` d`go sb`t.

@rtistig V`ttcc lf Xbre`lblt Eòbup

Vbk.> 8-222-1:6-08=

Beìk> lioigm-lbcHy`lfbx.ru

()

.> 8-222-1:6-08= Lioit`.

Lioigm-lbcHy`lfbx.ru

Lioit`s Qizito`

Cut & @dcut


8/27


9/27


08 Cut & @dcut

V ZCRKF DB IL@GGRT@VB tc g`kk Gmiljiz

@ite`tcv ` fissifblt writbr. Il a`gt, ùtmcri-

tibs il Ecsgcw catbl gbkbdr`tbf mis kitbr`ry

`gmibvbeblts `s prcca tm`t tmb Wcvibt ie-

p`gt cl ilfijblcus pcpuk`ticls il tmb lcl-

Tussi`l rbpudkigs m`f dbbl ` rcusilj suggbss.

Zritilj il dctm Tussi`l `lf Oyrjyz, @ite`tcv

wcl ecrb tm`l acrty st`tb prizbs cvbr tmb gcursb

ca mis kitbr`ry g`rbbr, wmigm sp`llbf arce tmb kit-

br`ry tm`w ca tmb pcst-Wt`kil yb`rs, tmrcujm tmbkclj fr`j ca tmb Drbzmlbv yb`rs `lf iltc cvbr `

fbg`fb-`lf-`-m`ka ca Oyrjyz ilfbpblfblgb. Jivbl

tmb ulicl-wifb `ggkìe witm wmigm mis wcro w`s

rbgbivbf, @ite`tcvs writilj, kiob tm`t ca ctmbr

Wcvibt-br` ùtmcrs, is vuklbr`dkb tc `ggus`ticls ca

dbilj ebrb Gceeulist X`rty ecutmpibgb. Vmis is

` gceecl pcilt ca gcltblticl il tmb stufy ca Wc-

vibt kitbr`turb, `s e`ly sgmck`rs ùtce`tig`kky gcl-

fbel wcros tm`t abkk il stbp witm p`rty figt`tbs `s

dbilj gceprceisbf cr gcltrivbf. Wpbòilj il `l

iltbrvibw il 4882, Oyrjyzst`ls kitbr`ry gmèpicl

m`f tmis tc s`y il rbspclsb tc ` qubsticl `dcut kip

sbrvigb tc tmb gblscr>

Il bvbry `jb `lf ulfbr bvbry rbjieb, `lf bspb-gi`kky `t tiebs ca tct`kit`ri`lise il wmigm `rt is sud-

nbgtbf tc gclst lt gblscrsmip, tmbrb is ` pcssidikity ca

fè`jb tc tmb `rtists arbbfce, tc mis pcssidikity ca db-

ilj ar`lo `lf trub tc miesbka `lf tc mis abbkiljs. Dut il

bvbry br` `lf ulfbr bvbry rbjieb, it is `kw`ys tmb sèb

qubsticl witm rbj`rf tc tmb ilfivifu`ks ecr`k kbvbk.

@f pt ticl is tmb mue`l dbiljs gclst`lt gcep`l-

icl il tmb wcrkf, ybt wb eust lct acrjbt tm`t silgbrity

`lf mclbsty `rb ecr`kity `t its mijmbst kbvbk. Zb eust

blsurb tm`t tmby wikk gcltilub tc bxist `lf tc cpbr`tb

il cur wcrkf, fbspitb tmb acrgbs tm`t `rb `gtilj `jìlst

tmbe `lf tryilj tc supprbss tmbe.

Vmcujm pbrm`ps k`goilj tmb fissifblt grbfbl-

ti`ks ca ` Wckzmblitsyl-typb, @ite`tcv w`s gbrtìlkylc Wcvibt stccjb. Mis 09:7 pk`y Vmb @sgblt ca Et. Auni

cpblky eusbs cl tmb ecr`k gceprceisbs lbgbssi-

t`tbf dy m`rsm supprbssicl ca fissblt ulfbr Wt`kil.

Mis ffrst lcvbk, Vmb F`y K`sts Kcljbr Vm`l ` Mulfrbf

Mckky Eybrs, ` fcgtcr`k stufblt `t tmb Rli-

vbrsity ca Qirjili`, is writilj mbr fissbrt`ticl

cl gcltbepcr`ry kitbr`turb il Oyrjyzst`l

`lf O`zòmst`l. Ecrb sc tm`l tm`t ca its

k`rjbr lbijmdcur, Oyrjyzst`ls dcco e`robt

is abbkilj tmb strìls ca pcst-Wcvibt tr`lsi-

ticl `lf kiljuistig fivisicl. Lbvbrtmbkbss,

tm`los tc sbvbr`k kb`filj kijmts il tmb kcg`k

kitbr`turb gceeulity, mbkp is t m`lf.

IMCKKY EYBTW

Yb`rs (09=8), tbkks tmb stcry ca `l bkfbrky O`zòm

e`l tryilj tc dury mis fb`f ariblf `ggcrfilj tc

tr`fiticl`k Euskie gustces ` gcltbepcr`ry stc-

rykilb tm`t dkblfs ackokcrb witm ` surprisilj sgiblgb

ffgticl sudpkct. Vmcujm it w`s `ggkìebf dy Wcvibt

gritigs, its èdijucus tmbebs gceecl ab`turbs

ca @ite`tcvs writilj `kkcwbf acr euktipkb rb`f-

iljs. @l bxtr` gm`ptbr, wmigm @ite`tcv sìf m`f

dbbl gut dy Wcvibt gblscrs dbgùsb it fbpigtbf tmb

iltbrrcj`ticl, tcrturb `lf fb`tm ca ` e`l `rrbstbffurilj Wt`kils rukb, w`s pudkismbf il 0998. Vmb

gm`ptbr e`y m`vb m`f pbrscl`k sijliffg`lgb. Zmikb

@ite`tcvs a`tmbr, Vcrcouk, w`s clb ca tmb ffrst Oyr-

jyz gceeulists `lf ` rbjicl`k p`rty sbgrbt`ry, mb

w`s `rrbstbf il 097: `lf kiquif`tbf cl gm`rjbs ca

dcurjbcis l`ticl`kise. Mis dcfy w`s aculf furilj

tmb bxg`v`ticl ca e`ss jr`vb t Gmcl V`sm, tmb rb-

sukt ca ` e`ss`grb furilj tmb mbijmt ca Wt`kils Jrb`t

Xurjb (sbb Wbgrbts ca tmb Fb`f? issub = ca tmb Wpbot`-

tcr). Vmb dribabst jk`lgb t tmis gm`ptbr fiseissbs `ly

lcticl tm`t @ite`tcvs ùtmcri`k iltblticls wbrb tc

tcw tmb p`rty kilb.

@ite`tcvs ffrst suggbssauk wcro, Nèiky , w`s

pudkismbf acr tmb ffrst tieb il 092=, il dctm Tus-

si`l `lf Oyrjyz. K`goilj tmb pckitig`k bfjb ca mis

k`tbr wcros, tmis dbùtiaukky-writtbl lcvbkk` w`s

lclbtmbkbss ` gritig`k ffrst stbp il jìlilj rbgcjli-

ticl acr Oyrjyz kitbr`turb. Vmb bpclyecus mbrcilb,

mijm-spiritbf, sm`rp-tcljubf `lf dbùtiauk, struj-

jkbs `jìlst tmb gclfflbs ca mbr se`kk vikk`jb kiab

`lf `l uls`tisayilj e`rri`jb. Mbr lbw musd`lf, `

sckfibr il tmb w`r, eblticls Nèiky` clky dribffly `t

tmb gclgkusicl ca mis kbttbrs arce tmb arclt? lf jivb

rbj`rfs tc ey wiab. Il tmis, wm`t tmb Arblgm writbr

Kcuis @r`jcl m`s aècusky g`kkbf tmb wcrkfs ecst

dbùtiauk kcvb stcry, rb`fbrs witlbss Nèiky`s `wò-

blilj sblsb ca sbka `lf sudsbqublt tr`lsacre`ticl

vi` mbr kcvb ca F`liy`r, ` rbgbltky fbecdikizbf `lf

wculfbf Oyrjyz-O`zòm ycutm, wmcsb e`stbry casclj bvcobs tmb tr`fiticl`k rt ca òils.

@ite`tcv w`s ` l`ticl`k ùtmcr arce tmb

vbry cutsbt, ` a`gt wmigm dbgcebs `pp`rblt witm

mis mb`vy usb ca Oyrjyz ackokcrb il `kecst bvbry-

@dcvb V`kbs `dcut m`rf-wcroilj `lts il Oyr-

jyzst`l m`vb jclb dikilju`k, dut lct il tmb

w`y ycu eijmt m`vb bxpbgtbf (Mckky Eybrs)

@dcvb TijmtT`ritbt dccostcrbs tmb g`pit`ks

e`robt kb`fbr, `rb cpbl arce 9-1pe Eclf`y

tc Arif`y, 9-2pe cl W`turf`ys `lf 9-7pe cl

Wulf`ys (Mckky Eybrs)

Lbxt X`jbGmiljiz @ite`tcv, pbbrkbss il gcl-

tbepcr`ry Gbltr`k @si`l kitbr`turb, fibf cl

Nulb 08, 488= (`rgmivb)

DccoismDismobo


10/27


00Cut & @dcut

tmilj mb wrctb. Il Nèiky , acr bxèpkb, tmbrb `rb

rbabrblgbs tc tmb kbjblf`ry ffjurb ca E`l`s. Vmb

Kbjblf ca tmb Dirf Fclbdì pk`ys ` gbltr`k rckb

il Vmb F`y K`sts Ecrb Vm`l ` Mulfrbf Yb`rs, `lf

tmb pkct ca Vmb Zmitb Wtbèsmip rbvckvbs `rculf

`lgiblt Oyrjyz eytms `lf ackot`kbs, ilgkufilj tmb

Ectmbr-Ckbliom` kbjblf. Mb p`vbf tmb w`y acr

tmb fbvbkcpeblt ca ` ecfbrl l`ticl`k kitbr`turb

il tmb se`kk Wcvibt rbpudkig, grb`tilj wcros tm`t

wbrb fistilgtky Oyrjyz, stcribs tm`t frbw cl Oyr-jyz tr`fiticls `lf fb`kt witm tmb issubs ca Wcvibt

Oirjmizi` il tmb twbltibtm gbltury, wmikb `ksc eò-

ilj gceeblt cl tmbebs gbltr`k tc tmb jrb`tbr

mue`l gclfiticl? kcvb, futy `lf subrilj. Vm`t

mb `ggcepkismbf tmis wmikb st`yilj, acr tmb ecst

p`rt, witmil tmb gclfflbs ca Wcvibt Tb`kise, is lc

t`r cl mis `gmibvbeblt. Ilstb`f, it smcukf sbrvb `s

` rbeilfbr ca mis uliqub `dikity tc grb`tb wcros ca

dbùty il tmb a`gb ca ifbckcjig`k `fvbrsity.

@ Lbw Vypb ca Gblscrsmip

@ite`tcv, kiob e`ly ctmbrs, gbkbdr`tbf tmb lbw

arbbfce tm`t writbrs m`vb aculf silgb tmb gckk`psb

ca tmb Wcvibt Rlicl, `s ` wifb `rr`y ca prbvicusky

t`dcc sudnbgts `lf stykbs gèb tc tmb acrb cvbr-lijmt. Acrblsig grieb `lf wbka`rb bss`ys, rbkijicus

`lf eystig`k trb`tisbs, stcribs ca brctig l`turb `lf

prcsb witm gclspigucus scgi`k gceeblt`ry m`vb

dbgceb ilgrb`siljky gceecl il Oyrjyzst`l, rbp-

rbsbltilj lbw `vblubs ca bxpkcr`ticl acr pcst-

Wcvibt writbrs `s wbkk `s tmb bvbr-bxp`lfilj t`stbs

ca rb`fbrs. Drc`fblilj cppcrtulitibs acr ` ecrb

firbgt bxprbssicl ca sbka `lf ulgblscrbf rbsb`rgm

m`vb `ksc kbf tc tmb risb ca ebecirs `lf dicjr`pmi-

g`k kitbr`turb. Ilfig`tivb il tmis rbspbgt is tmb sbribs

Vmb Kiab ca Tbe`ro`dkb Xbcpkb il Oyrjyzst`l, pud-

kismbf dy tmb bfitcri`k dc`rf ca tmb ncurl`k Kitbr`ry

Oyrjyzst`l, `lf Oukdyudyu Dboturj`lcv`s sbribs

Fùjmtbrs ca tmb Oyrjyz K`lf, tmb tmirf dcco cawmigm w`s pudkismbf il Dismobo tmis yb`r.

Mcwbvbr, kiob e`ly ctmbrs, @ie`tcv w`s obbl

tc pcilt tc ` arbsm acrgb il tmb dr`vb lbw wcrkf ca

pcst-ilfbpblfblgb kitbr`turb, bqu`kky g`p`dkb ca

gclstrìlilj tmb arbbfce `lf grb`tivity ca writbrs>

It is iepcssidkb tc s`y tm`t `t tmis tieb it is ` dbt-

tbr br` clky dbgùsb tmbrb is arbbfce `lf tmb gblscr

is lct g`pbrilj `rculf ycu. Vmis is lct sugiblt. Cs-

tblsidky, wb m`vb cvbrgceb tmis figukty, dut il tmb

eb`ltieb lbw figuktibs m`vb `risbl, wmigm `rb

scebtiebs bvbl ecrb gcepkbx. Acr bxèpkb, tmb

e`robt bgclcey tm`t figt`tbs bvbrytmilj. Vmis tcf`y

is tmb jrb`t tyr`lt, `lf it is ecrb figukt tc wil ycur

pk`gb s ` writbr `lf eìlt il it.

Qy`gmbsk`v Wm`pcv`kcv, pcbt kùrb`tb ca Oyr-

jyzst`l, ` e`l il mis sixtibs wmc vbrit`dky dristkbs

witm blbrjy, m`s ` p`rtiguk`rky pbssieistig vibw ca

mis gcultrys gurrblt kitbr`ry tr`nbgtcry. Il `l `rti-

gkb writtbl il 4880, mb e`fb ` frè`tig gclgku-

sicl `dcut tmb frb`ry auturb acr kitbr`turb il Oyr-

jyzst`l, `l cpilicl tm`t mb stikk prcabssbs tcf`y>

Il tmb k`go ca iltbrbst `lf `ly, kbts s`y, giviki`l

sbka-s`griffgb il rbk`ticl tc tcf`ys l`ticl`k kitbr`ry

mbrit`jbil tmb st`jl`lt gclfiticl ca cvbrky pckiti-

gizbf `lf `dsblt cppcrtulitibs acr pudkismilj kitbr`-

turb (dctm Oyrjyz `lf Tussi`l-k`lju`jb kitbr`turb),

I sbb ` frb`ry auturb. Il `ly g`sb, Tussi`l-k`lju`jbkitbr`turb il Oyrjyzst`l tcf`y fcbs lct `gtu`kky bxist,

dut its quigo `lf jr`y fb`tm smcws, ffrst, tm`t gukturb

g`l b`siky sucg`tb - it is lbgbss`ry clky tc fbprivb it

ca ìr - `lf, sbgclfky, tm`t eclcgukturb is `ksc lct

` vi`dkb crj`lise. I tmilo Oyrjyz kitbr`turb wikk jc

tmrcujm ` pìlauk st`tb ca mcpbkbsslbss `lf fyilj

dbacrb it wikk db rbvivbf - dut tmis wikk db il ctmbr jbl-

br`ticls, il ` fibrblt mistcry, witm `lctmbr ecr`k

bxpbriblgb.

Dòmtiy`r Ocigmuybv, gmìr ca tmb Fbp`rteblt

ca Kitbr`ry Mistcry `lf Vmbcry `t tmb Oyrjyz-Tus-

si`l Wk`vig Rlivbrsity il Dismobo, rbeìls cptieistig

`dcut tcf`ys situ`ticl, jcilj sc a`r `s tc prcgkìe

it ulp`r`kkbkbf il tmb kitbr`ry mistcry ca Oyrjyzst`l.Acr bvifblgb ca tmis, mb pcilts tc tmb gckkbgtbf

wcros ca Wm`pcv`kcv, Wvbtk`l` Wuskcv`, @kbos`lfbr

Lioitbloc `lf mis cwl rbgbltky pudkismbf titkbs.

O`z`t @oe`tcvs lcvbk @rm`t wcl iltbrl`ticl`k

rbgcjliticl il 488:, tmb Vcotcjuk Wt`tb Xrizb ca

Oyrjyzst`l il 488=, `lf m`s dbbl tr`lsk`tbf iltc

sbvbr`k fibrblt k`lju`jbs. V`kip Idrìecvs ffrst

dcco wcl tmb Iltbrl`ticl`k Kidr`ry Gcltbsts Tus-

si`l Xrizb il 488:, wmikb Bv` @kkis 4889 lcvbk Vmb

Zikf @si`l Crgm`rfis ` dbstsbkkbr il Dismobo.

Ikieom`l Kìkiybv`, kcg`k ùtmcr ca sbvbr`k Tus-

si`l-k`lju`jb lcvbks, dbkibvbs mbr cwl cpilicl

`dcut tmb auturb ca Oyrjyzst`ls kitbr`turb tc db sit-

u`tbf scebwmbrb dbtwbbl tm`t ca Ocigmuybv `lfWm`pcv`kcv. Wmb fis`jrbbs tm`t Tussi`l-k`lju`jb

kitbr`turb il Oyrjyzst`l fcbs lct bxist, tmcujm smb

`feits tm`t tcf`ys e`robt prbsblts ` gm`kkbljb tc

wcukf-db prcabssicl`k writbrs `lf tm`t wm`t smb

g`kks tmb dcce ca lbw kitbr`turb il Oyrjyzst`l is

ecrb catbl writtbl il Oyrjyz tm`l Tussi`l. Acr mbr

cwl p`rt, smb mcpbs tc eòb mbr wcro `vìk`dkb tc

rb`fbrs cutsifb ca mbr cwl gcultry.

@ Wmriloilj E`robt Gut il Vwc

Vmb kiljuistig a`gtcr rbvb ks itsbka `s ilgrb`siljky

iepcrt`lt, silgb e`ly ab`r tm`t tmb gcultrys

tr`fiticl`k Oyrjyz-Tussi`l dikilju`kise is dbjil-

lilj tc pck`rizb, fivifilj `l `krb`fy se`kk rb`filj

pcpuk`ticl iltc twc se`kkbr jrcups prbfig`tbf cl

k`lju`jb. It sbbes tm`t abw ùtmcrs, cr rb`fbrs,

m`vb tmb `dikity cr fbsirb tc aulgticl `t ` mijm kbvbk

il dctm Oyrjyz lf Tussi`l. Ocigmybv wcrribs tm`t,

arce tmb pcilt ca vibw ca Tussi`l-k`lju`jb kitbr`-

turb, tmis luedbr is dbgceilj bvbl se`kkbr>

Jbcpckitig`k, mistcrig`k, `lf guktur`k prcgbssbs

m`vb sijliffg`ltky l`rrcwbf tmb sgcpb ca kitbr`turbs

cpbr`ticl `lf iep`gt cl tmb pudkig gclsgicuslbss.

Vmis `ppkibs p`rtiguk`rky tc tmb kitbr`turb writtbl il

Tussi`l. Gm`ljbs il tmb btmlig gcepcsiticl ca tmb

rbpudkig, tmb fbtbricr`tilj fbjrbb ca Tussi`l prcff-

giblgy, p`rtiguk`rky il rur`k `rb`s, m`s ilbvit`dky kbf

tc tmb kcss ca pctblti`k rb`fbrs ca Tussi`l-k`lju`jb

kitbr`turb il Oyrjyzst`l.

Vmbsb twc jrc ups ca ùtmcrs `lf rb` f-

brs, writilj `lf rb`filj il twc fiaabrblt k`l-

ju`jbs, `rb catbl gcepkbtbky isck`tbf,


11/27


04 Cut & @dcut

aulgticlilj ilfbpblfbltky witm bxtrbebky kie-

itbf olcwkbfjb ca tmb ctmbrs bcrts. Vmis sbj-

rbj`ticl ca tcljubs is vivifky fbeclstr`tbf dy

tmb prbfceil`lgb ca twc kitbr`ry ncurl`ks il Oyr-

jyzst`l. Tussi`l-k`lju`jb writbrs m`vb tmbir cwl

kitbr`ry ncurl`k, Kitbr`ry Oyrjyzst`l, `lf Oyrjyz-

k`lju`jb writbrs m`vb tmbirs, Vmb Lbw @k`-Vcc.

Vmis sgmise il Oyrjyzst`ls kitbr`turb m`s cdvicus

gcllbgticls tc tmb fbbpbr guktur`k `lf pckitig`k

fisgcllbgt il ` gcultry tm`t is, il e`ly w`ys, fi-vifbf.

Iltbrlbt tc tmb Tbsgub3

Wbvbr`k ca Idrìecvs `w`rf-willilj smcrt stc-

ribs, @kkis gcepkbtb lcvbk, `s wbkk `s wcros dy

Wm`pcv`kcv, Wuskcv`, `lf Lioitbloc `rb `vìk`dkb

arbb ca gm`rjb cl tmb wbdsitb Lbw Kitbr`turb ca

Oyrjyzst`l (mttp>//kitbr`tur`.oj). Vmis ieprbssivb

iltbrlbt rbscurgb e`y db fispk`ybf il bitmbr Tus-

si`l cr Oyrjyz. Aculfbf il 488= dy Ckbj Dclf-

`rbloc, it is fbsijlbf tc suppcrt gcltbepcr`ry

ùtmcrs ca Oyrjyzst`l. Vmb prcnbgts eissicl

st`tbeblt dbjils>

Oyrjyzst`l is ` rigm gcultry. Tigm il t`kbltbf

pbcpkb, writbrs `lf `rtists, eusigi`ls `lf ffkeeò-

brs, wmc, `k`s, `rb catbl acrgbf tmbsb f`ys tc wcro

witmcut `ly suppcrt. Vmb prcnbgts cdnbgt is tc mbkp

`t kb`st sceb ca tmcsb wmc writb, wmcsb wcros `rb

gclsifbrbf gcltbepcr`ry l`ticl`k kitbr`turb.

Lctilj tm`t it is dbgceilj ilgrb`siljky fi-

gukt tc pudkism tmb usu`k w`y, tmis prcnbgt pud-

kismbs wcros cl its sitb arbb ca gm`rjb, witm tmb

vckult`ry p`rtigip`ticl ca ùtmcrs, il tmb mcpbs

ca rb`gmilj ` wifbr ùfiblgb d`sb. @rju`dky, tmis

sitb witm its sizb`dkb d`lo ca ùtmcr dicjr`pmibs

`lf gclt`gt ilacre`ticl, `s wbkk `s tmcus`lfs ca

arbbky-`vìk`dkb stcribs, lcvbks, vbrsb, `lf kitbr`rygritigise gcukf db gclsifbrbf fbfflitivb prcca ca

tmb gclgbrtbf bcrts ìeilj tc prctbgt `lf sup-

pcrt tmb fbvbkcpeblt ca Oyrjyzst`ls l`ticl`k

kitbr`turb lf gukturb.

Kitbr`turb lf Gukturb Zcroilj Vcjbtmbr

Qiotcr O`fyrcv, Jblbr`k Firbgtcr ca T`ritbt dcco-stcrbs `lf pudkismilj mcusb, `lf tmb prckiffg ùtmcr

ca lb`rky ffaty wcros, m`s ` ffre jr`sp ca tmb gcl-lbgticl dbtwbbl l`ticl`k kitbr`turb `lf l`ticl`k

gukturb. @dcut ` yb`r `lf ` m`ka `jc, mb cpblbf `

gmìo`l`, cr tb` mcusb il T`ritbts eìl smcp cl :=

Xusmoil strbbt. Clb ca tmb stcrbs illbr rcces is fbg-cr`tbf kiob tmb ilsifb ca ` yurt, witm tr`fiticl`k Oyr-

jyz eusig`k ilstrueblts, gkctmilj, `lf fbgcr`ticlsm`ljilj cl tmb w`kks. Vmbrb, sittilj `t ` se`kk rculf

t`dkb, W`kt`l`t, tmb mb`f gclsukt`lt `t tmb T`ritbt Vb`Mcusb, wikk prcufky sbrvb ycu tb` `lf gccoibs wmikb

bxpkìlilj tmb ils `lf cuts ca tr`fiticl`k Oyrjyz kiab.Vmb sijl cl tmb fccr rb`fs> Zb wbkgceb ycu

tc tmb Vb` Mcusb. Tbk`x witm rce`tig tb`, ieebrsbfil l`ticl`k gckcr. W`kt`l`t s`ys tm`t tmb Vb` Mcusb

wbkgcebs `ly jubsts wmc `rb iltbrbstbf il kb`rl-ilj ecrb `dcut Oyrjyz gukturb, `lf tm`t smb rbju-

k`rky mcsts jrcups ca kcg`k sgmcck gmikfrbl, s wbkk stcurists. Ilgrbfidky, tmis is `kk prcvifbf dybzpk`tlc,

`lf bvbl ieprceptu visits `rb bltmusi`stig`kky `g-gceecf`tbf.

O`fyrcv m`s `ksc gclvbrtbf clb ca tmb dcco-stcrbs rcces iltc ` eusbue fbvctbf tc mistcrig`k

Oyrjyz `rtia`gts, fcl`tbf arce ` priv`tb gckkbgticl,il tmb dbkiba tm`t ` pbcpkb smcukf olcw `lf prb-

sbrvb tmbir cwl mistcry. Vmbrb `rb `lgiblt stclbtccks arce Issyo-Ouk `lf tr`fiticl`k Oyrjyz, O`zòm,

`lf Rzdbo gbrbecli`k nbwbkbry, cr or`slc-rbgmo`tm`t f`tb d`go tc tmb liltm gbltury, `s wbkk `s Tus-

si`l sècv`rs, w`stb-eòbrs, `lf spillilj wmbbkswitm rccts f`tilj d`go tc tmb b`rky Tussi`l sbttkb-

eblts il lilbtbbltm gbltury Gbltr`k @si`.T`ritbt pudkismbf `l `w`rf-willilj dcco fb-

tìkilj tmis jrcwilj gckkbgticl, prcvifilj ilacre`-ticl `dcut tmb `rtia`gts, `lf mijm-qu`kity gckcur

pmctcjr`pms ca tmb v`ricus itbes il tmb eusbue.

It is `vìk`dkb il dctm Bljkism (188 sce) `lf Tussi`l(6=8 sce). Vmb mcurs ca tmb eusbue-rcce `rb tmbsèb s tmcsb ca tmb dccostcrb, lf, kiob tmb gmìo`-l fcwl tmb m`kk, `feissicl `lf ` juifbf tcur `rbjivbl tc visitcrs arbb ca gm`rjb.

Fbspitb `l `pp`rblt smcrta`kk il fbe`lf, tmbrb

`rb stikk ` luedbr ca gmcigb kcg`ticls acr tmb

Dismobo-d`sbf dccowcre tc cjkb titkbs, r`ljilj

arce eusty kidr`ribs tc mip kidr`-gàbs.

Luso`Dccostcrb

21 Broilfio

E-A 9è-1pe, W`t 08è-2pe

Cpblbf il 09==, tmis is tmb clky st`tb-cwlbf

Oyrjyz-k`lju`jb dccostcrb il `kk ca Oyrjyzst`l.

Tb`fbrs arce `s a`r `w`y `s Gmil` eòb trips tc

tmis dccostcrb, s`ys tmb e`l`jbr, il crfbr tc stcgo

up cl Oyrjyz-k`lju`jb dccos. Kidr`ri`ls `ksc

arbqublt tmb stcrb, sb`rgmilj acr dccos tc `ff

tc tmbir gckkbgticls. Luso` is st`tb sudsifizbf, sc

dccos rb sckf t kcwbr prigbs tm`l bksbwmbrb.

Gàb Didkictbo`

28 @omuld`bv`, tbk> 20-24-27.

Il tmis trblfy twc-rcce gàb-d`r, ycu g`l fflf

Burcpb`l `lf Oyrjyz guisilb, bsprbssc, tb`, wilb,

dbbr, arbb Zi-Ai lf dccos. @l bltirb w`kk ca dcco-

g`sbs mckfs dctm gk`ssig `lf gcltbepcr`ry kitbr`-

turb, wmigm gustcebrs pbrusb `t tmbir kbisurb. Ycu

e`y tòb dccos mceb àtbr sijlilj up acr ` gkud

g`rf, wmigm ksc jivbs ycu 08% fisgcult cl accf

`lf frilo. Vmb gkud g`rf is arbb cl ycur dirtmf`y.

Cfissbn Dccostcrb

68 E`l`s (nust dbkcw Oibvso`y`)

E-A 9è-1pe, W`t 08è-1pe, Wul 00è-2pe

Il sbvbl rcces ycu g`l fflf bvbrytmilj arce tbxt-

dccos `lf figticl`ribs tc Tussi`l `lf Zbstbrl

gk`ssig lf gcltbepcr`ry kitbr`turb (il Tussi`l) tc

dccos cl spcrts, psygmckcjy, dbùty, mcusbobbp-

ilj, `lf ebfigilb. Il tmb eìl rcce, tmbrb is `l

bxgbkkblt sbkbgticl ca dbùtiauk `rt dccos, lbxt tc

` k`rjb t`lo ca gckcrauk ffsm.

T`ritbt Dccostcrbs

:= Xusmoil lf 4:0 Gmui Xrcspbot

Vmb dbst sbkbgticl ca Bljkism-k lju jb dccos

`vìk`dkb acr s`kb il Dismobo, s wbkk s l bxgbkkblt

r`ljb il dctm tmb gcultrys cgi`k k`lju`jbs.

Wbvbr`k dccos arce Ecsgcw iltblfbf acr Tus-

si`l-spbòbrs stufyilj Bljkism, dut jivbl tm`t

tmbrb is sceb gceeblt`ry `lf ` jkcss`ry il Tus-

si`l, tmby e`y db ca iltbrbst tc Bljkism spbòbrsstufyilj Tussi`l `s wbkk.

Vmb Wikv` Gbltrb

91 Gmui Xrcspbot

E-W`t :è-=pe, Wul =è-:pe

Ilsifb tmb eìl m`kk ca tmb pcst cgb, yurt st`lfs

il tmb gcrlbr> Vmis is tmb Wikv` Gbltrb. @rculf tmb

yurt `rb t`dkbs `lf st`lfs ca dccos, witm ecrb

titkbs ilsifb tmb yurt. Vmbrb is Tussi`l `lf Oyrjyz-

k`lju`jb kitbr`turb acr fukts lf gmikfrbl, s wbkk

`s ` fbgblt sbkbgticl ca Oyrjyz `lf Tussi`l tbxt-

dccos, jrèe`r dccos, `lf figticl`ribs, ilgkuf-

ilj ` Oyrjyz-Ecljcki`l figticl`ry.

Il tbepcr`ry Dismobo Dcco Aìr, kcg`k pudkism-

ilj mcusbs `rb sbkkilj lbw dccos cl tmb se`kk

squ`rb dy @k`-Vcc Ecvib Vmb`tbr, arce 00>88è

tc 7>88pe, bvbry W`turf`y tmrcujm Fbgbedbr.

Dccos,Dccos...`lfDccos


12/27


13/27


14/27


15/27


01 Acgus

Vmis ecltm, O`ròck-d`sbf ncurl`kistWbrjby Qysctsoy kccos `t sceb ca tmboby a`gts rbk`tilj tc G`l`fi`l-Oyrjyzjckf eililj cpbr`ticl Ouetcr, ` prcvif-br ca wcro tc `kecst 4,288 kcg`ks il tmbIssyo-Ouk rbjicl.

IJM RX il tmb pbreàrcst zclb il tmb

b`stbrl p`rt ca tmb Vibl Wm`l ecultìl

r`ljb, tmb jckf crb eikk Ouetcr rbp-

rbsblts clb ca tmb mijmbst prcgbssilj

ulits ca its oilf il tmb wcrkf. Duribf `t

`ktitufbs ca cvbr 6,888 ebtbrs, tmb prbgicus ebt`k

it bxtr`gts is ca gritig`k iepcrt`lgb tc Oyrjyzst`l, `

gcultry wmcsb clky ctmbr l`tur`k rbscurgb ca lctbis w`tbr.

Witu`tbf il tmb gcultrys b`stbrl Issyo Ouk rb-

jicl, `rculf 728 oe arce Dismobo, tmb Ouetcr

Cpbr`tilj Gcep`ly (OCG) tcco its lèb arce tmb

kcg`k Ouetcr rivbr, upstrbè arce wmigm Wcvibt-

br` jbckcjists stuedkbf cl k`rjb jckf fbpcsits.

Fbspitb tmb a`gt tm`t jbckcjig`k survbys ca tmb `rb`

m`f dbbl ulfbrtòbl silgb 0948, tmb ffbkf itsbka w`s

clky fisgcvbrbf k`tbr il 09:=. Dy 0990, wmbl tmb

Wcvibt Rlicl w`s cl tmb gusp ca gckk`psb, it w`s bs-

tie`tbf tm`t tmb ffbkf gcltìlbf :01 tcls ca jckf, ca

wmigm 701.2 tcls kblt tmbesbkvbs tc cpbl pit eil-

ilj ebtmcfs.

Vmb Jblbr k Firbgtcr tb ca Xrbgicus Ebt`ks`lf Fièclfs m`f `krb`fy gclfugtbf ` ab`sidikity

stufy ìebf `t mijm-`ktitufb bxtr`gticl dy 09=9.

Lbvbrtmbkbss, ` rukilj dy tmb Gculgik ca Eilistbrs

fbbebf prcpcs`ks acr ` prcnbgt tcc bxpblsivb. Vmb

ilgrb`siljky g`pit`k-str`ppbf ulicl siepky gcukflt

gceb up witm tmb pprcxie`tbky 992 eikkicl Wcvibt

rcudkbs ($0.61 dikkicl `t tmb tieb) rbquirbf tc turl

tmb frbè iltc rb`kity.

Rpcl ilfbpblfblgb tmrbb yb`rs k`tbr, tmb cpbl

fccr pckigy `fv`lgbf dy tmb rbpudkig ulfbr Airst

Xrbsifblt @so`r @o`bv `kkcwbf acr arbsm wbstbrl

ilvbsteblt il tmb fbvbkcpeblt ca l`ticl`k eilbr`k

fbpcsits. @atbr g`rbauk gclsifbr`ticl ca difs arce

sbvbr`k ilvbstcrs, tmb jcvbrleblt ca tmb Oyrjyz Tb-pudkig j`vb prbabrblgb tc l cbr t`dkbf dy G`l`fi-

`l cutfft Gèbgc. Cl Fbgbedbr 6, 0994 il Vcrcltc,

Gèbgc lf p`r`st`t`k Oirjiz`ktyl sijlbf jblbr`k

`jrbbeblt cl tmb fràt Ouetcr Jckf, grb`tilj OCG,

Mwmigm wcukf sudsbqubltky `ssueb rbspclsidikity

acr tmb bltirb prcfugticl gygkb arce st`rt tc fflism.

Vm`los tc e`ssivb ilvbsteblt il tmb prcnbgt -

cvbr $624 eikkicl il st`rt-up - tmb a`gikity w`s duikt

`t drbòlbgo spbbf, `kdbit clky dy tmb st`lf`rfs

ca mijm `ktitufb eililj. Gclstrugticl ca tmb eilb

dbj`l il 0996 `lf rb`gmbf gcepkbticl il 099:.

Vcf`y, tmb Ouetcr jckf ffbkf r`los `s clb ca tmbk`rjbst jbckcjig`kky gbrtiffbf fbpcsits ca tmb ebt`k

il tmb wcrkf, 206 tcls ca wmigm `rb tmcujmt tc db

bxtr`gt`dkb.

Acr tmb l`ticl`k jcvbrleblt il Dismobo, rbsukts

wbrb pkb`silj. @s p`rt ca ` gcultry wmbrb ffvb-yb`r

pk`ls rcutilbky aìkbf tc ebbt ulrb`scl`dkb t`r-

jbts, tmby wbrb m`ppy blcujm tc lcw db p`rt ca `

prcnbgt wmigm w`s bxgbbfilj bxpbgt`ticls.

Il its ffrst yb`r ca cpbr`ticl OCG cvbrs`w tmb

prcfugticl ca 02.1 tcllbs ca jckf, `jìlst tmb

04.= tcllbs pk`llbf. Il 099=, 48 tcls ca jckf wbrb

ecukfbf `jìlst tmb 0:.2 tcls stipuk`tbf il `llu`k

prcnbgticls, wmikb tmb sèb yb`r s`w tmb cpbr`ticl

grcss tmb clb eikkicl culgbs tmrbsmckf. Lbvbrtmb-kbss, `s Ouetcr `ssuebf `l ilgrb`siljky iepcrt`lt

rckb il tmb kcg`k `lf l`ticl`k bgclcey, gclgbrls

wbrb ìrbf `s tc mcw tc ilgrb`sb tmb kcljbvity ca

sugm eutu`kky prcfft`dkb vblturb.

Il 4889, fub tc tmb rbsukts ca aurtmbr bxpkcr`ticl,

tmb kiab ca tmb Ouetcr eilb w`s rbvisbf `lf bx-

tblfbf ultik 4809. Rlfbr tmb ùspigbs ca Xrbsifblt

Tcdbrt Q`lfbr, cl dc`rf t tmb cpbr`tilj gcep`ly

silgb Abdru`ry 4808, OCG m`s firbgtbf ` rbgcrf

$091.: eikkicl tc upjr`fb bquipeblt, bxp`lf tmb

qu`rryilj `rb` `lf gclstrugt lbw ulfbrjrculf

st`ticls. Wugm ilvbsteblt is ìebf `t ilgrb`silj

tmb kclj tbre prcspbgts acr tmb fbvbkcpeblt ca tmb

eilb.Il 4886, tmb Ouetcr Jckf prcnbgt w`s rbstrug-

turbf, `lf tmb Oyrjyz jcvbrleblt dbgèb tmb

sbgclf k`rjbst sm`rbmckfbr il tmb prcnbgt àtbr

Gèbgc. Vmb jcvbrleblts sm`rb il tmb prcnbgt

WBTJBY QYWCVWOY

Jcilj

@dcvb Eililj cpbr`ticl Ouetcr jkcws ulfbr` sbttilj sul (`kk pmctcs Wbrjby Qysctsoy)

@dcvb Tijmt O`riezm`l Om`s`lcv witm mis

pìltilj Vmb Wpirit ca Ouetcr

acr Jckf


16/27


0:Acgus

lcw ècults tc dbtwbbl $=2 `lf 088 eikkicl.

Gèbgc, wmcsb mb`f qu`rtbrs `rb il Vcrcltc, G`l-

`f`, cwl 02.11% ca Gbltbrr` Jckf Ilg, l cutfft witm

rbjicl`k bxpbriblgb. Il `ffiticl tc tmb sitb `t Oue-

tcr, Gbltbrr` Jckf is ilvckvbf il bxpkcr`ticl prcnbgts

il Ecljcki` lf Tussi`l prcvilgb Vuv`. Il 488:, tmb

jcvbrleblt il Dismobo clgb `jìl ilgrb`sbf tmbir

sm`rb il tmb Gbltbrr` Jckf ar`lgmisb, `lf il 4889,tmb Oyrjyz p`rkièblt siepkiffbf tmb t`x rbjieb acr

tmb cpbr`ticl. Jrcss rbvblubs `rb sudnbgt tc ` 06%

t`x, clb pbr gblt ca wmigm jcbs tc aulf acr tmb fb-

vbkcpeblt ca tmb Issyo- Ouk rbjicl.

Il `ffiticl tc bepkcyilj rcujmky 4,288 pbcpkb,

92% ca wmce `rb gitizbls ca tmb rbpudkig, Oue-

tcr `ksc eòbs vckult`ry gcltriduticls tc sgmccks

`lf mb`ktmg`rb a`gikitibs il tmb `rb`. Jr`fu`kky, tmb

luedbr ca acrbijl bxpbrts t tmb pk`lt is dbjillilj

tc fwilfkb, s tmby rb skcwky rbpk`gbf dy kcg`ks tm`t

m`vb gceb up tmrcujm tmb r`los. Zitm its ieprbssivb

e`lpcwbr, tmb prcfugticl g`p`gity ca tmb pk`lt is

lcw bstie`tbf tc db `s eugm `s 01,888 tcllbs ca

crb pbr f`y, ` ffjurb bvbl Wcvibt eilbr @kbxbi Wt`-om`lcv wcukf m`vb dbbl prcuf ca.

Vbgmliqubs t tmb pk`lt rb guttilj bfjb ybt gcl-

vblticl`k, ackkcwilj tmb st`lf`rf pr`gtigbs ca cpbl

pit eililj. Crb is fbkivbrbf tc tmb clsitb grusmilj

a`gikity lf tmbl jrculf fcwl dy l IW@ eikk, lbw

illcv`ticl il prcgbssilj wmigm kkcws acr uktr`-fflb

jrilfilj. Vmb jrculf crb is sudnbgtbf tc jckf rbgcv-

bry tbgmlckcjy, bepkcyilj ` g`rdclizilj sckuticl,

`lf tmb lb`r-fflismbf prcfugt g`st jckf iljcts cr

Fcrb dukkicl - is tmbl sblt acr aurtmbr rbfflilj.

Ia ycu m`vb ` k`rjb wcfjb ca g`sm tm`t ycu fclt

olcw wm`t tc fc witm, sm`rbs il Ouetcr p`rblt

Gbltbrr` Jckf `rb `vìk`dkb acr purgm`sb cl tmb Vc-

rcltc Wtcgo Bxgm`ljb (VW]) ulfbr tmb syedck GJ.B`rkibr tmis g`kblf`r yb`r, kcg`k wcrobrs mbkf ` prc-

tbst tmrb`tblilj tc striob ia w`jbs wbrblt ilgrb`sbf.

Vmb fisputb w`s quigoky rbsckvbf `lf w`jbs `t tmb

pk`lt wbrb rìsbf.

Zmikb Ouetcr jblbr`kky blncys pcpuk`r sup-

pcrt èclj its mcst gceeulity, lct bvbryclb

is tmrikkbf `dcut tmb ncilt vblturbs bxistblgb `lf

its `pp`rblt iep`gt cl kcg`k bgckcjy. Zmbl tmb

pk`lt ffrst dbj`l dbilj gclstrugtbf, kbjblfs

suffblky sprcutbf il tmb vikk`jbs surrculfiljtmb pk`lt, b`gm ca tmbe suppcsbfky gblturibs ckf.

@ggcrfilj tc clb ca tmbe, tmbrb is ` rifjb il

tmb ecultìls ca Issyo-Ouk, `l `lgiblt dukk, wmigm

tcco its pk`gb cl tmb ecultìl a`gb àtbr fb`tm,

db`rilj tmb jckf fbpcsit cl its d`go `s ` s`grbf

futy. Vmb dukk is lct tc db fisturdbf cl pìl ca

fb`tm ia tèpbrbf witm, mb wikk gùsb irrbp`r`dkb

m`re tc tmb mue`lity il mis kcg`k lbijmdcurmccf.

D`sbf cl tmis `lf ctmbr sieik`r kbjblfs, Oyr-

jyzst`li gcltbepcr`ry rtist O`riezm`l Om`s`lcv

e`fb sbribs ca pìltiljs fbvctbf tc tmis sudnbgt.

Vmb sbribs is cl tmb tmbeb ca Bgckcjy

tmrcujm tmb bybs ca `l `rtist rbfflbgtilj mis pìl

`lf `lxibty rbj`rfilj tmb m`reauk `gtivitibs cae`l `jìlst l`turb.

Vmb pìltilj @rj`ki rbprbsblts tmb spirit ca

`rj`ki, `l ilfijblcus Gbltr`k @si`l ecultìl

smbbp, wmc kccos fcwl arce tmb soibs il wbò-

lbss `lf mcrrcr `s mb cdsbrvbs e`ls `ttbepts

tc fbstrcy mis fbsgblfblts.

@lctmbr pigturb ilvcobs Ouetcr spbgiffg`kky.

It is ca ` durlilj ecultìl fflcwbr, wmigm st`lfs

ffreky `jìlst tmb G`l`fi`l eililj iltbrbsts

dcct, `s it blfb`vcurs tc stèp tmrcujm tmb

ecultìls. Il tmb d`gojrculf, ecrb slcw gcv-

brbf switgmd`gos risb up, fispk`yilj tmb ilfcei-

t`dkb spirit ca l`turb itsbka.

Vmb tmirf il tmb sbribs g`rribs ` ecrb pc-btig ebss`jb> Ybkkcw pcppibs `lf wmitb fìsibs

sprcut cl tmb sifb ca ` ecultìl? syedcks ca

kcvb, kiab `lf tmb btbrlity ca dbùty il tmb wcrkf.

Vmb fflcwbrs, stb`fa`stky jrcwilj cl tmb d`rb

Vmrcujm tmb Bybs ca `l @rtistskcpbs `lf ffl`smilj kiob st`rs tc tmb sul, rbfflbgt

tmb m`rfilbss ca l`turb, lf tmb dikity ca dbùti-

auk grb`ticls tc tòb rcct il mcstikb gkie`tbs.

Il ` acurtm, Om`s`lcvs r`jb gcebs tc tmb

acrb clgb ecrb `s mb fbpigts tmb ecst tbrridkb

`lie`k ca tmis wcrkf - ` e`l pciltilj tmb d`rrbkca mis smctjul t kk tm`t is il arclt ca mie, ilgkuf-

ilj ` slcw kbcp`rf, fbstrcyilj m`recly `lf fi-

vbrsity il tmb l`tur`k wcrkf.

Xbrm`ps tmb gbltr`k pibgb il tmis sbribs ca

pìltiljs is wcro ca rt titkbf Vmb Wpirit ca Oue-

tcr, pìltbf d`go il 4882. Vmb pigturb m`s dbbl

kcfjbf il ` fbgcr`tivb arèb e`fb ca wccf `lf

m`s prifb ca pk`gb il Om`s`lcvs kivilj rcce. @t

tmb acrbjrculf ca tmb pìltilj is ` dukd-mb`fbf

ckf e`l, wmcsb a`gb rbfflbgts tmb wisfce ca tmb

`lgiblts. Vmb wcro s wmckb rbfflbgts tmb rtists

drc`fbr gclgbrls `dcut tmb fbstrugticl ca tmb

ecultìl r`ljbs `lf tmb fbpkbticl ca eilbr`k

rbscurgbs. @t tmb m`lfs ca prcfftbbrs, tcxig tb`rscczb fcwl c tmb ecultìl a`gb, wmikb rcws ca

jckf dukkicl bebrjb cut ca tmb dcfy ca tmb `l-

giblt, wmc st`rbs cut il eutbf s`flbss.

Cl tmb stbbp rcgoy skcpbs ca tmb ecultìl,

eb`lwmikb, slcw kbcp`rfs kcco fcwl il fbspìr

`t tmb gm`cs dbkcw, wmikb tmb `rtists a`vcuritb

drbbf ca smbbp kcco iepkcriljky tcw`rfs tmb ckf

a`gb acr juif`lgb.

Vmrcujm mis grb tivity, O`riezm`l Om`s lcv

`ttbepts tc rb`gm cut tc mue`l gclsgicuslbss

`lf bxpkìl tmb fbstrugticl gùsbf tc l`tur`k

m`recly dy e`ls `gtivitibs. Vmb sbribs gclgkufbs

witm Vmb Kclbky Jr`vb ca ` Lce`f. Il Om`s`lcvs

vibw, e`l is `ksc lcl-rblbw`dkb. Kb`vilj fbv`st`-ticl dbmilf mie `s mb jcbs iltc `lctmbr wcrkf, `l

b`rtmbl duri`k eculf spbòs ca tmb tr`jig l`turb

ca mue`l kiab `lf its g`rl`jb, pittbf, clgb ecrb,

`jìlst tmb stcig btbrlity ca tmb ecultìls.


17/27


0= Acgus

B ZBTB D@TTBKILJ `grcss tmb

mb`rt ca Bur`si` il ` mulo ca dkub

Wcvibt stbbk, rifilj tr`gos tmrcujmd`rrbl stbppb. Cur fbstil`ticl

w`s O`r`j`lf`, ` gity sc rbectb

`lf ul`ppb`kilj tm`t it w`s tmb dutt ca ncobs

tmrcujmcut tmb RWWT. It w`s olcwl acr juk`js

`lf gc`k eilbs, dut wb wbrb jcilj acr sceb-

tmilj eugm ecrb `ppb`kilj. I m`f rb`f `dcut `

abe`kb b`jkb multbr wmc kivbf il ` vikk`jb nust

cutsifb tmb tcwl, tmb clky wce`l dbroutgmi il

tmb wmckb ca O`zòmst`l. Mbr lèb w`s Eò-

p`k @dfr`zòcv`. Zmbl ey Oyrjyz tb`gmbr

kb`rlbf I kiobf b`jkb multbrs, smb drcujmt il

` gkippilj ca Eòp`k `lf I kb`rlbf mcw tc s`y

dbùtiauk jirk. Wmb w`s stullilj il drìfs `lf

` aur m`t, strclj witm `l b `jkb cl mbr `re. I m`ftc ailf mbr. Wmb w`s mulfrbfs ca eikbs `w`y,

dut I gcukf usb ` trìl trip.

Cur gcupb e`tbs wbrb skbbpilj il tmb

dulos dbkcw. V`kj`t w`s ` O`zòm dusi lbsse`l

wmc m`f smòbl cur m`lfs, tòbl mis p`lts

caa, `lf ieebfi`tbky kìf fcwl tc l`p. X`vbk

w`s clb ca tmcsb tcc-Tussi`l Tussi`ls, witm `

e`lky ecust`gmb `lf `l `rey t`ttcc. Mb w`s

rb`filj ` sgiblgb aigticl dcco `lf t`koilj tc

V`kj`t, wmc w`s `skbbp `lf gbrtìlky lct kistbl-

ilj. @d`y `lf I k`y cl cur stce`gms `lf j`zbf

cut tmb wilfcw, w`tgmilj tmb ecultìls ca

@ke`ty rbgbfb iltc tmb mcrizcl. Vmb gkigo-gkigo

ca tmb tr`gos `lf V`kj`ts slcrbs eixbf wit m tmbg`kks ca igb grbè k`fibs il tmb m`kkw`y. I aculf

trìl kiab str`ljbky sbrblb. I gcukf st`y cl mbrb

acr f`ys, I tmcujmt.

Z`koilj arce trìl g`r tc trìl g`r, I p`ssbf

fbà jirks sbkkilj pbls `lf k`rjb ebl il ul-

fbrsmirts st`lfilj il kilb tc jbt dcikilj w`tbracr tmbir tb`. X`stcr`k k`lfsg`pbs ak`smbf cl

tmb wilfcwp`lbs `s smbpmbrfs pusmbf tmbir

akcgos up mikks. Il dbtwbbl g`rs I w`tgmbf tmb

tr`go dkur dy dblb`tm ey abbt, `lf tcco ` pig-

turb witm ey gèbr`. @ rcvilj trìl gcp tcco it

`s `l `gt ca bspicl`jb `lf `sobf eb ` tmcu-

s`lf qubsticls, dbeusbf. I smcwbf mie sceb

pigturbs ca b`jkbs `lf jct `w`y witm ` ailjbr

w`j.

@s tmb sul w`s sbttilj, wb m`f ` gce-

eul`k eb`k witm cur gcupb e`tbs. Dcwks ca

tb` wbrb dcrrcwbf arce tmb trìl `ttblf`lts

`lf `ppkbs wbrb skigbf up acr sm`rilj. X`vbk

m`f ` Vuppbrw`rb ca omckcfbts, cr pcro nbkky. Itkccobf `s `ppbtizilj `s it sculfs, dut witm `

f`sm ca cjclyco, ` oilf ca spigy tce`tc bkixir,

it tr`lsacrebf iltc scebtmilj bfidkb. Vmbrb

wbrb ` gcupkb ca se`kk fb`f aism il tmb lbwsp`-

pbr, wmigm ` gclsgicus-`jìl V`kj`t sbt `dcut

fbdclilj. Vmis w`s ` gukturb ca sm`rilj. I gut

up ` kittkb gòb `lf p`ssbf ` pibgb tc V`kj`t, mb

tcco ` g`lfy `lf put it il ey m`lf. Zb wbrb

str`ljbrs, dut tmbrb w`s lclb ca tmb blacrgbf

fist`lgb tm`t pbcpkb put dbtwbbl tmbesbkvbs

il tmb Zbst. Zb wbrb grèebf tcjbtmbr il `

gcrlbr ca ` trìl `lf wb eijmt `s wbkk db oilf

tc clb `lctmbr.

Vmb lijmt w`s spblt pk`yi lj Jil Tueey,g`rfs p`ssbf arce db f tc dbf. Zb obpt tmb fccr

ca tmb gcupb cpbl tc sgcut acr ` gutb yculj

O`zòm k`fy wmc obpt p`ssilj cur w`y. Bvbry

FBLLIW OBBL

Z

Tce`lgb cl tmb

Vmb Wpbot`tcr s vbry cwl b`jkb a`l`tigFbllis Obblw`ltbf ` kiab-sizbf stcgo-ilj ffkkbr tmis abstivb sb`scl. Il sb`rgm ca`l `fvblturb `lf tmb `bgticls ca tmbrbjicls clky abe`kb a`kgclbr, mb tcco `lcvbrlijmt trìl tc tmb d`go ca dbyclf....

Wtbppb

@dcvb Vmb mulo ca dkub Wcvibt stbbk tm`t

drcujmt Fbllis clb stbppb gkcsbr tc Eòp`k

(`kk pmctcs Fbllis Obbl)

@dcvb Tijmt Eòp`k @dfr`zòcv`, tmb clky

abe`kb b`jkb multbr il O`zòmst`l, `lf pcs-

sidky, tmb wcrkf

Lbxt X`jb Vr`lsk`tcr @d`y w`tgmbs tmb stbppb

dkur cut ca tmb trìl wilfcw


18/27


09Acgus

tieb smb seikbf `t us `lf wb seikbf d`go, @d`y

`lf I wcukf gclspirb kiob sgmcckjirks? Kbts `so

mbr ia smb w`lts tc pk`y g`rfs! @t tmb lbxt stcpsmb kbat, mckfilj m`lfs witm mbr dcyariblf.

It w`s w`re cl tmb trìl `lf bvbl w`rebr

wmbrb I skbpt? up tcp wmbrb tmb mb`t m`f lc-

wmbrb bksb tc akbb. I lcffbf caa ` abw tiebs, ul-

s`tisaibf. @t clb stcp, X`vbk gèb il witm ` aism

twc abbt kclj, drijmt pilo `lf arbsmky ak`ybf.

Mb seikbf `lf pusmbf ey lcsb iltc its s tilo. Vc

tmb tiebkbss sculf ca gk`goilj tr`gos I abkk d`go

iltc ` fbkiricus skbbp, pulgturbf dy smcuts `lf

g`kks arce stcps il tmb lijmt. O`r`j`lf` k`y

`mb`f, pukkilj us acrw`rf, bvbr acrw`rf.

Zb wcob tc f`rolbss. Ziltbr il tmbsb

lcrtmbrl k`titufbs eòbs tmb ecrlilj sul

smy, sc wb `tb cur drbòa`st ulfbr akucrbsgbltkijmts. Cur gcupb e`tbs wcukf rifb tmis trìl

aurtmbr iltc tmb f`y acr us it w`s tieb tc fb-

p`rt. O`r`j`lf` m`f slugo up cutsifb cur wil-

fcw, `lf w`s g`kkilj us iltc its strbbts.

Vmb gity sebkkbf ca ilfustry `lf tmb g`rs

wbrb `kk gc`tbf il firt. Zb lbbfbf ` dus tc

@osu-@yuky, ` se`kk vikk`jb wmbrb Gbltr`k @si`s

clky wce`l b`jkb multbr rbsifbf. @s ia sbvbl-

tbbl mcurs cl tmb trìl wbrb lct blcujm, wb

lcw m`f tc spblf twc ecrb frivilj d`go tmb

w`y wb m`f gceb. @d`y aculf us sceb tigo-

bts `lf jct us cur dus, `lf wb stccf il kilb

il tmb gckf. @ wce`l w`s kb`lilj cut ` wil-

fcw, `llculgilj mbr mct p`stribs tc bvbry k`stp`ssbrdy. Mbr g`kks sculfbf kiob ` kukk`dy tc ey

tirbf b`rs, sès`, sès`, cvbr `lf cvbr. Vmb

sulkijmt stikk yculj, wb aikbf cltc tmb dus `lf

sbttkbf iltc cur sb`ts, skbbp dbgoclilj us d`go

iltc f`rolbss.

I wcob up, swb`tilj. Vmb mb`t w`s dk`stilj`lf ey gc`t w`s stikk cl. Vmb dus w`s lbw `lf

tv-bquippbf, `lf ey duse`tbs gr`lbf tmbir

lbgos tc w`tgm ` d`f Tussi`l grieb frè`

smcwilj `t tmb arclt ca cur ecvilj gilbe`.

I tribf tc tulb cut tmb julsmcts `lf a`kk d`go

iltc skuedbr. Wccl, tmcujm, @d`y lufjbf ey

smcukfbr `lf pigobf up mis d`js. Zb m`f `r-

rivbf. Cutsifb, tmbrb w`s lct eugm tc jrbbt

us. Vmb tcwl squ`rb w`s gc`tbf il euf. Ebl

stccf muffkbf cl its pbripmbry, st`rilj iltc

tmb acj tm`t smrcufbf tmb stbppb. Zb g`kkbf

Eòp`k `lf wìtbf il ` se`kk gàbtbri`. Vmbrb

w`s ` eur`k ca yurts cl tmb w`kk, `kk dikkcwilj

secob, `kk prceisilj `ggceecf`ticl ecrb

wmckbsceb tm`l tmb stclb duikfiljs `lf st`-

dkbs tm`t m`f rbpk`gbf tmbe il tmis kiabkbss vik-

k`jb.

Vwc yculj wcebl gèb tmrc ujm tmb fccr`lf kccobf `t us fcudtaukky. It w`s Eòp`k `lf

mbr sistbr-il-k`w, W`kt`l`t. Eòp`k w`s fclb

up il eòbup `lf drìfs `lf kccobf kcvbky,

yculjbr tm`l I bxpbgtbf. I fiflt rbgcjlizb

mbr witmcut tmb O`zòm gcstueb smb fcllbf

il tmb pmctcs I m`f sbbl. Lcw tmby wbrb dctmfrbssbf il gk`ssy dk`go, rb`fy tc ieprbss tmbir

lbw visitcrs. Vmby smcwbf us cutsifb, wmbrb

wb `kk pikbf iltc ` g`r `lf frcvb tmrcujm tmb

gckf tc mbr mcusb, twc dkcgos `w`y.

Ilsifb, it w`s w`r e. Vmbrb w`s ` dij cvbl il

tmb oitgmbl tm`t sblt its mb`t tmrcujm tmb w`kk

tc tmb kivilj rcce wmbrb wb s`t. Eòp`ks a`-

tmbr Eur`t drcujmt us dkcgo ca pmctc kdues

tc cggupy cur tieb `s tmby gccobf ` eb`k tc

wbkgceb us tc tmbir gcultry. Vmby wbrb kiob

ycur `vbr`jb aèiky pmctcs, jrcup smcts il

arclt ca k`lfe`ros, dut m`ka ca tmbe m`f b`jkbs

il tmbe, pbrgmbf kiob rct`tilj aèiky ebedbrs.

Il clb, tmbrb w`s lct clky `l b`jkb dut `l cwk,bybs dij `lf `kbrt. Eur`t sìf tm`t tmby gùjmt

tmb dirf nust acr its ab`tmbrs, wmigm it smbf il

k`rjb luedbrs `t ` spbgi`k tieb bvbry yb`r. O`-

zòms dbacrb mie m`f tckf eb tmbsb ab`tmbrs

wbrb s`grbf. Wceb s`y it is dbgùsb ycu g`l

rb`f Ocr`lig sgript il tmbir e`roiljs.

Wccl kulgm w`s sbrvbf. Zb quigoky fb-

vcurbf cur eb`t `lf pct`tcbs, st`pkbs ca

stbppb guisilb. Zmbl wb m`f w`smbf it `kk

fcwl witm `t kb`st acur dcwks ca tb`, I pitgmbf

sceb qubsticls tc Eòp`k `lf @d`y iltbr-

prbtbf. Zclfrcusky, @d`y wcukf caabr ey

qubsticls il Oyrjyz `lf Eòp`k wcukf `lswbr

il O`zòm. Vmbsb twc tcljubs wbrb sidkiljs,e`fb gcusils dy Wcvibt k`lju`jb pckigy il tmb

b`rky yb`rs ca Gbltr`k @si`s ilgcrpcr`ticl iltc

tmb ulicl.

Cutsifb, tmbrb w`s lct eugm

tc jrbbt us. Vmb tcwl squ`rb w`s

gc`tbf il euf. Ebl stccf muf-

fkbf cl its pbripmbry, st`rilj iltctmb acj tm`t smrcufbf tmb stbppb


19/27


48 Acgus

Ecst ca tmb tieb, Eòp`k `lswbrbf clky

` abw wcrfs `lf W`kt`l`t stbppbf il tc spbò

acr mbr smy sistbr. I st`rtbf dy tbkkilj mbr mcw

ieprbssbf I w`s witm wm`t smb w`s fcilj. O`-zòm scgibty w`s gclsbrv`tivb `lf sbjrbj`tbf,

ybt Eòp`ks p`ssicl acr tmis tr`fiticl fbaibf

`kk its tieb-mclcurbf dculf`ribs. Mbrb w`s `

wce`l il tmb e`lkibst ca spcrts, `kk dkccf `lf

db`sts `lf mcrsbd`go mults. Wmb w`s ` syedck

ca ` lbw O`zòm wce`l, I sujjbstbf, clb wmc

gcukf fc `lytmilj. Wmb nust dkusmbf> Yb`m,

e`ydb.

It w`s m`rf tc jbt eugm ecrb cut ca mbr,

sc il ` drbò ca sikblgb tmby sujjbstbf wb jc

cutsifb `lf tòb sceb pmctcs. Zb w`lfbrbf

cut cltc stbppb. Eòp`k gèb cut il mbr fflbst

a`kgclry-w`rb, ` tr`fiticl`k O`zòm rcdb `lf `

aur m`t. Wmb kccobf stullilj. I pìf mbr gcepki-

eblts, dut tmby lbvbr sculf quitb `s silgbrb

il tr`lsk`ticl. Zitm `l b`jkb cl mbr `re, I nust

`dcut aìltbf. Vmb dbùtiauk jirk `lf tmb dbù-

tiauk dirf m`f dbbl p`rtlbrs acr tbl yb`rs. I w`s

nb`kcus. Eòp`k pbttbf mbr b`jkb jbltky `lf

e`lbuvbrbf mbr iltc tmb nbbp, wmigm wb rcfb

tmrcujm tmb strbbts tc tmb bfjb ca tcwl. Zb jct

cut `tcp ` sgblig mikk, tmb wilf bvbl gckfbr `t `

mbijmt, gmikkilj cur dclbs. Eòp`k m`lfbf tmb

dirf tc mbr a`tmbr `lf w`kobf `kclj tmb rifjb,

`lf tmbl g`kkbf cut. Vmb b`jkb fflbw tc mbr dut

vbbrbf `w`y, k`lfilj il tmb jr`ss. Eòp`k st`ybf

bvbr g`ke, jbltky g`kkilj Obk! Obk! kiob ` sclj. It

w`s tmb dirfs sijl`k tc gceb tc mbr e`stbr. Wit-

tilj studdcrlky il tmb wbbfs, tmb b`jkb smcco

its wiljs dut wblt lcwmbrb. Eòp`k pbrsistbf,

siljilj Obk, Obk iltc tmb wilf. Vmb g`kk w`s sc

`kkurilj tm`t it w`s ` surprisb tm`t bvbry b`jkb

acr eikbs fiflt swilj `rculf `lf mb`f cur w`y.

Mbr b`jkb w`s prcuf, tmcujm, `lf tcc aukk ca

accf tc gccpbr`tb. Clky àtbr gceilj gkcsb fif

tmb dirf cdkijb, nuepilj up tc Eòp`ks wìtiljwrist witm ` ffl`p ca its wiljs.

Vmb igy wilf m`f arczbl us `kk tc fisgce-

acrt, sc wb spbf d`go tc tmb w`retm ca tmb

mcusb. Eòp`ks ece m`f st`rtbf eòilj db-

smp`reò, tmb l`ticl`k fism ca lccfkbs `lf

euttcl. Cl tmb oitgmbl t`dkb smb rckkbf cut

fcujm, sprb`filj it tmil il ji`lt girgkbs. Vmbsb

smb wcukf skigb iltc squ`rbs `lf wbf tmbl b`t

tmbe witm cur m`lfs.

Acr ` wmikb, wb iltbrvibwbf Eur`t. Zitm

`kk tmb `ttblticl cl mis fùjmtbr mb sbbebf

` kittkb kbat-cut, dut it w`s mb wmc m`f tùjmt

mbr `kk smb olbw. Mb tckf us `dcut `kk tmb gce-

pkbxitibs ca tmb tr`fiticl mb m`f drcujmt Eò-

p`k up witm? mcw tc prcpbrky abbf `l b`jkb, acr

ilst`lgb. Vmb eb`t eust db wbijmbf bx`gtky,

lct witm ` sg`kb dut witm ` guppbf p`ke, `lf

w`smbf ca `kk its dkccf. @ dkccfy eb`k wikk bx-

gitb tmb dirf, `lf tcc eugm eb`t wikk stuaa it tc

gcepk`gblgy.

Wccl, wb tcc wbrb gcepk`gbltky stuaabf.

Vmb dbsmp`reò w`s sbrvbf `lf fbvcurbf

witmcut `d`lfcl. Vmb eb`t w`s tblfbr `lft`sty, `lf tmb lccfkbs wbrb b`sy tc m`lfkb il

tmb gustce`ry acrokbss a`smicl. I m`f twc dcwks

ca a`tty drctm acr fbssbrt. Vmbrb wbrb twc ctmbr

jubsts, rbgblt ieeijr`lts arce tmb O`zòm fi-

`spcr` il wbstbrl Ecljcki`. I tckf tmbe I m`f

dbbl tc D`y`l-Ckjii `lf tmby wbrb pkb`sbf.

Zb m`f ab`stbf witm cur kbjs ackfbf cl tmb

jrculf, `lf lcw pikkcws wbrb drcujmt cut tc

aurtmbr rbk`x tmb wbkk-abf. Clb Ecljcki`l O`-

zòm rbstbf mis mb`f cl tmb kbjs ca tmb ctmbr,

`lf tmby pigobf tmbir tbbtm il s`tisa`gticl.

Zb st`ybf up k`tb pk`yilj ` kcg`k g`rf

jèb, ` O`r`j`lf` a`vcritb g`kkbf Dybko`,

cr Wquirrbk. @d`y `lf W`kt`l`t wbrb pk`yilj

e`tgmeòbrs, sc wmikb tmby pìrbf up, Eòp`k

w`s p`rtlbrbf witm eb. Wmb s`t `grcss arce eb,

seikilj, catbl cur bybs ebbtilj acr tmb dribabst

ca eceblts. I `f`pt pccrky tc lbw g`rf jèbs,

`lf bvbry tieb I sijmbf witm arustr`ticl, Eò-

p`k jijjkbf. @d`y `lf I m`f dbbl ncoilj `kk

wbbo `dcut mcw smb w`s tmb wce`l ca ey

frbès, ` dbùtiauk jirk witm ` dirf wmc I wcukf

swbbp caa mbr abbt. Lcw, I abkt str`ljbky gcl-

lbgtbf tc mbr, bvbl tmcujm wb m`flt sm`rbf `

wcrf il tmb sèb k`lju`jb. I m`f sbbl mbr pig-

turb il ` Oyrjyz gk`ss e`j`zilb gkippilj, `lf I

m`f vblturbf cut tc ailf mbr il tmb eiffkb ca

lcwmbrb. Vmb str`ljblbss ca it `kk nuedkbf ey

gceecl sblsb, `lf I tmcujmt ca st`yilj mbrb

acrbvbr, kb`rlilj O`zòm, kivilj witm ey dbùti-

auk drifb `lf mbr b`jkb, jivilj ey mb`rt tc `

multbr il tmb mb`rt ca Bur`si`.

Zb wbrb str`ljbrs, dut tmbrb

w`s lclb ca tmb blacrgbf fis-

t`lgb tm`t pbcpkb put dbtwbbl

tmbesbkvbs il tmb Zbst. Zb wbrb

grèebf tcjbtmbr il gcrlbr ca

trìl lf wb eijmt s wbkk db oilf

tc clb `lctmbr


20/27


21/27


44

VMB JRIFBDismobo kiabD`rs

Fulj`l

$ - Bxpbgt gm`ljb arce 028 sce

$$ - @ kittkb cvbr 428 smcukf fc tmb tr igo

$$$ - Bxpbgt tc p`y il tmb rbjicl ca 728

$$$$ - @ grisp 288 (cr ecrb) lbbfbf il tmis ncilt

Gmilbsb

@o-D`t` (08=, Idrìecv`)Vmis pk`gb eust sbrvb up prbtty ùtmbltig fismbs

`s its `kw`ys aukk ca Gmilbsb pk`yilj e`m-nclj `lf

w`vilj tmbir gmcpstigos `dcut. Wecoy `lf stuy,

dut il ` ligb w`y. $

Gcwdcy* (Vcotcjuk/Crczdbocv`)

Dismobos `kk-@ebrig`l rbstùr`lt-gue-f`lgb

gkud m`s lcw jclb ` kittkb ecrb up-e`robt, dut

wikf lijmts `rb stikk tc db m`f. Fij il tc ` oikc ca

gmigobl wiljs `lf tmbl mit tmb f`lgb akccr. $$$

Mckkywccf*(Fruzmd`/Wcvibtso`y`)

@s ycu wcukf prcd`dky jubss, fbgcr`tbf witm

ecvib pcstbrs, pmctcs ca gilbe` igcls `lf `

dulgm ca @ebrig`l oitsgm. Mckkywccf is pcpu-

k`r witm ` yculjbr grcwf `lf is usu`kky p`gobf

arce eif-bvblilj clw`rfs. @ aul pk`gb acr ` abwfrilos dbacrb mb`filj caa tc tmb gkuds. $$

Lbw Ycro Xizz` (0::, Oibvso`y`)

Fbgcr`tbf witm pigturbs ca tmb Dij @ppkb `lf

sbrvilj ` ailb sbkbgticl ca stbòs `lf ctmbr

@ebrig`l-tmbebf fismbs, LYX is surb tc jbt Lbw

Ycrobrs tmiloilj ca mceb. Acr mceb fbkivbry

rilj (8704) 989989. $$$

(Broilfio/Vcotcjuk)

Vmb cwlbrs gkì e tm`t tmb ilspir`ticl acr tmb titkb

gèb arce tmb airst kbttbrs il b`gm ca tmbir sur-

lèbs - pukk tmb ctmbr clb juys, tmb dkcob is `kk

cvbr tmb w`kks. Vmb pizz`, kiob tmb prbsifblgy, m`s

gbrtìlky dbbl cvbr-mypbf, dut tmb gmigobl pk`t-

tbr `lf tmb gmbbsb durjbrs `rb ` trb`t. Dij pcr-

ticls. $$$

K`lfù (E`l`s/Jcroy)

A`lgy scebtmilj ` kittkb fibrblt3 Ia ycu g`l tck-br`tb tmb `rtmritig sbrvigb, K`lfù islt ` d`f spct

acr ` pcro stbò cr sceb ctmbr @rebli`l gukil`ry

jccfibs. @ksc, trb`t ycursbka tc sceb fbgblt @reb-

li`l gcln`g wmikst ycur mbrb, ycukk lbvbr jc lb`r

Dismobo gcln`g jìl. Bvbr. $$$

rbstùr`lts`lf

Mui Eil (Tbkcg`tbf tc tmb Mctbk Fcstuo)

@ acrebr a`vcuritb, wb m`vb dbbl tckf tm`t Mui Eil

m`s lcw rbkcg`tbf tc tmb Mctbk Fcstuo. @pp`rbltky

tmb eblu m`s dbbl rbvèpbf `lf tmb prigbs il-

grb`sbf. Vmb Wpbot`tcrwikk db gmbgoilj it cut sccl.

Zb mcpb tmby stikk sbrvb tmb spbgi`k Fulj`l tb`, `s

its r`tmbr jccf.

Vmbrbs ` fflb kilb dbtwbbl d`r `lf rbstùr`lt il

Dismobo. Xk`gbs ecrb suit`dkb acr friloilj sbssicls

`rbe`robf witm ` st`r *

Xrigb Juifb(eìl gcursb `lf ` j`rlism)

(2, Jbrzbl`)Fcl ycur dbbr friloilj trcusbrs `lf mb`f fcwl

tc Dismobos tòb cl ` D`v`ri l-stykb dbbr m`kk. Vmby

drbw tmbir cwl stu - sugm ` rbkiba arce tmb ilsipif

dikjb tm`ts lcre`kky sckf `s k`jbr. Gcepkieblt ycur

pilt witm ` pk`tb ca Jbre`l sùs`jb witm sùbrorùt.

$$$

(@ke`tilosocy`/Gmui)Bxgbkkblt kittkb stckvy` (g`ltbbl) aukk ca tmb tiebkbss

rbjicl`k a`vcuritbs. Dbilj m`l Rijmur rbstùr`lt its

jbrc k je`l cr k je`l p` Rijmursoip`rtiguk`rky st`lf

cut. Lc secoilj, sit, b`t `lf kb`vb. $

@ebrig`l

@rebli`l Jbre`l

Rijmur

(VbpkIokugmy vikk`jb)Zccfbl g`dil kcg`tbf dy ` rusmilj strbè tmirty eil-

utbs cut ca tcwl. Vmb cvbrprigbf accf is ecrb tm`l

gcepbls`tbf acr dy tmb gmikkbf `tecspmbrb `lf wikf

surrculfiljs. Mctbk `ggceecf`ticl `ksc `vìk`dkb.

Mb`f scutm cl @ke`tilso`y` `lf obbp jcilj. $$$$

D`g`rfi* (Vcjckco Eckfc 0:/0)

Bkitb kculjb d`r `ìr witm sbp`r`tb rcces acr fil-

ilj, f`lgilj `lf wmikilj tmb lijmt `w`y secoilj

muoo`m pipbs. Rrd`l jrccvbs pk`ybf `t ` rb`scl-

`dkb vckueb `lf ` aukk eblu tm`t ilgkufbs ` r`ljb

ca t`sty pk`ttbrs. $$$$D`rgcfb* (Vcotcjuk/Wcvibtso`y`, ilsifb Ectc)

@ mip, gkb`l iltbricr, a`st wi-ff `lf `l `crf`dkb

dusilbss kulgm m`vb e`fb D`rgcfb scebtmilj ca

` mctspct silgb it cpblbf il b`rky 4808. Vmb pk`gb

gcebs tc kiab `t lijmt wmbl 7 FNs gcepbtb acr ycur

`bgticls witm `l `rr`y ca d`ljilj tulbs. $$

(Xr`vf`/Ouk`tcv`)

Dkclfbr Xud is tmb lbw drbwbry-rbstùr`lt tc try

cut. G`vbrlcus ybt gcsy ilsifb, tmbrbs fbgblt dkubs

bvbry lijmt, kivb Xrbeibrsmip Acctd`kk, Burcjrud

`lf ` jccf sbkbgticl ca `kbs. Il rbj`rf tc tmb k`ttbrwb rbgceeblf Irism Tbf. $$$$

Duffm` D`r (Wcvibtso`y`/@omuld`ybv`)

Duffm` d`r cbrs t`stb ca tmb B`st ilsifb t`stbaukkygclstrugtbf zbl kcj g`dil. Vmb susmi is bxgbkkblt, lf

acr tmcsb cl dufjbt, tmb stir-ary lccfkb fismbs eòb

`l bxgbkkblt kulgm. Tbgceeblfbf! $$$$

G`ptìl Lbecs (06, Vcjckco Eckfc)

We`kk lùtig`kky tmbebf rbstùr`lt witm ` sbkbgticl

ca bvcg`tivbky lèbf fismbs ilgkufilj Aism arce tmb

smips dcy `lf Vcljub arce tmb dc`tswìls wiab.

Gcsy wccfbl iltbricr `lf pcrtmckb stykb wilfcws

grb`tb `l ulfbrw`tbr kcj g`dil bxpbriblgb. Wpirits,

gcgotìks `lf ` jccf dusilbss kulgm. $$$

Gbso`* (002, @kè`tilso`y`)

Gcusil tc Dkclfbr Xud, tmis Drcs Gc. tmbeb d`r is

wcrtm gmbgoilj cut acr its a`lt`stig tirèisu gòb

`kclb. Bvbry tmirf dbbr is arbb dut fclt jbt tcc bx-gitbf - tmby gceb il 8.6k jk`ssbs. $$$

Gcbb Mcusb (9, E`l`s & Vcjckco Eckfc/Tysoukcv )

Vrb`t ycursbka tc sceb ca tmb fflbst gcbb `lfgòbs Dismobo m`s tc cbr `t tmb ie`jil`tivbky

lèbf Gcbb Mcusb, ` gcsy dcutiqub gà witm `

Burcpb`l ffl`vcur. Gurk up `lf rb`f ` dcco, cr nust

frcp il acr ` g`bilb mit `lf ` gmcgck`tb ffx. $$$

Gcsec D`r* (Wcvibtso`/Ecsocvso`y`)

Dc`rf tmb swbbt sebkkilj bkbv`tcr, `sgblf tc tmbtcp-fflccr Gcsec D`r `lf spk`sm tmb g`sm witm ycur

abkkcw arbb-spblfilj gcseclùts. Bkbj`lt iltbricr,

pkusm sca`s, a`lgy frilos `lf prbtty wìtrbssbs.

Muzz`m! $$$$

Grcstili(090, @dfr`me`lcv`)Witu`tbf ilsifb tmb My`tt, tmis is ` ncilt tc db rb-sbrvbf acr ` dusilbss kulgm cr e`rri`jb prcpcs`kclky. Gmba V`lbr Brfbeir sbrvbs up ecutm-w`tbr-ilj iltbrl`ticl`k gusilb, dut `t ` prigb. $$$$$

Iltbrl`ticl`k

Eieilc (4:, Oibvso`y`)

Eieilc is ligb, gcsy lf sbrvbs up dcwk-aukks ca stbè-

ilj, mb`rty Jbcrji l a`rb witm pcebjr`l`tb sbbfs

`-pkblty. Zb rbgceeblf tmb on fn puri, omilo`ki`lf`lytmilj tm`ts sbrvbf il pct. Z`tgm cut acr Rlgkb Ncb

`t tmb fccr. $$$$

Jbcrji`l

Gmugmu`r` Mcj` (00:, Gmui)

Zitm tmis Gmilbsb rbstùr`lt, ` kittkb cut ca tmb w`y

`lf r`rbky visitbf dy tcurists, ycu rb`kky abbk ycu

`rb jbttilj tmb rb`k fb`k. Tbqubst `(ycur cwl

pbrscl`k Gmilbsb dcikilj-pct) `lf r`lfceky sbkbgt` v`ribty ca ulusu`k Gmilbsb fbkig`gibs tc tmrcw il.

Dbw`rb, tmb spigy sùgb, `ktmcujm fbkigicus, e`y

kb`vb fbkig`tb stce`gms il sceb fistrbss sbvbr`k

mcurs k`tbr - gclsifbr tmb lct-spigy sùgb `s ` suit-

`dkb `ktbrl`tivb $$

Arulzb

(Gmui/Xr`vf`)Arbb sbebgmoi is clb ca e`ly rb`scls tc gmbgo cut

Date post:	09-Apr-2018
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