,
. ~ A Remote-Controlled, Multi-Channel, Analog-Data,
. , . \J- .. i ""'--:. O-FO rll~-ill~II-~lril-imiii-Oirqu---" TeI.:e~YDi~:5t.m .~.'. j - 1 0034765
., . ~ i Report Series/ BI-R.73.11/September 1973
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B:CDFORD INSTITlYl'E OF OCEANOGRAPHY
Dartmouth, Nova Scotia Canada
A REMOTE-CONTROLLED, MULTI-CHANNEL,
ANALOG-DATA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
by
D.F. Dinn
Atlantic Oceanographic Laboratory Marine Sciences Directorate
Department of the Environment
This is an internal technical report which has received only limited circulation. On citing this report the reference should be followed by the words 'UNPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPT'.
September 1973 REPORT SERIES BI-R-73-ll
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ABSTRACT
A remote-controlled, l3-channel, analogue-data telemetry system
operating on IRIG proportional bandwidth FM channels and telemetering via
an FM, VHF radio link has been developed. The system is intended for un
attended operation at sea on a stable platform and is powered from a sub
merged battery pack which is limited to water depths of 90 metres. Integral
signal conditioners enable data from a resistive wavestaff, an Aerovane
anemometer, a three-component thrust anemometer, and from a fast response
thermistor to be normalized and telemetered to a shore-based receiving
station within a 20-nautical mile range •
This report reviews the development of the system, presents a
detailed system dcscriptioY: , and recommends procedures for system calibration.
o
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
(ii )
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract ......................................... . ( l· )
List of Tables ................................... . (iii)
List of Figures . .................................• (i v)
Purpose .......................................... .
Evolution ........................................ .
General Description .............................. .
3.1 3.2
Shore Equipment ......................•...... Remote Equipment ........................... .
Detailed Description of Remote Equipment .....•....
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 l~ . 6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15
4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19
4.20 4.21 4.22
Battery Power .............................. . Main Vol tag;e Regulators .................... . Battery Voltage Monitor ....................• Low-Current Voltage Regulators ............. . Thrust Anemometer P~plifiers ............... . Thrust Anemometer Cover .................... . Wave Measuring Circuitry ...............•.... Aerovane Anemometer ........................ . Temperature Measurement .................... . External Signals ........................... . VCO Input Limiting ...................•.•.... Voltage Controlled Oscillators ............. . Modulation Control Amplifier ............... . Telemetry Transmitter ...................... . Interwiring on Deck 6 of the Electronics
Package ............................... . Antennas ................................... . Command Receiver ........................... . Detectors .................................. . Interconnections on Deck 3 of the Electronics
Package .............................. . Control Circuitry .......................... . Command Ret ransmi t ......................... . Operation of the Remote Equipment from the
Stable Platform ....................... .
Detailed Description of Shore Equipment
5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4
Command Encoding and Transmission .......... . Audio Panel ................................ . Antenna and Telemetry Receiver ............. . Multiplex/Reference Combiner ............... .
1
1
5
5 8
14
14 15 17 17 21 24 27 31 33 35 35 38 40 41
41 41 43 43
45 45 63
63
65
65 68 70 70
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(iii )
Contents continued
6 .
7·
8.
9.
10.
Appendix A:
Appendix B;
Table 1: ?: 3: 4:
5:
5.5 5.6 5./
Tape Recorder .....................•......•.. Data ~oni toring ......................•...... Command Readout Unit .................•.....•
Remote Equipment Calibration ...............•......
6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6./ ~ .8
Equipment .............................•..... Regulator Adjustments .................•..... Thrust Anemometer fuiplifier Adjustment •..... Battery Voltage Monitor ............•........ Wavestaff Electronics Board ................ . VCO Calibrate Voltages ..................... . VCO Adjustments ............................ . Transmitter Deviation ...................... .
Shore Equipment Calibration
/.1 7.2 7.3 7.4
Equipment ............•...................•.. Command Ene oder ......•..•............•.....• MPX/Reference Combiner ............•...•.••.. Discriminators .......................•.•••..
Conclus ion ......•...................•.••••••..•.•.
Acknowledgements ...............•.............•....
References ......................•...........••••..
Addi tional Gysten. Tnformation
Telemetry Syst em Pin Listings
LIST OF TABLES
IRIG Standard Frequencies ............•.••......... IRIG Channel Allocations ............••............ COllllnand Directory for the Telemetry System ..•.•... Air Sea Interaction Telemetry System -
Drawing List ........•...••.••...•...•••.....• Battery Life •.............•......•..•......••..•..
72 72 75
76
76 76 79 81 81 84 84 86
86
87 87 87 88
88
91
100
9 lh 50
91 99
Fir,ure 1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
7:
8:
9:
10:
11:
12:
13:
14:
15:
16:
17:
18:
19:
20:
(iv)
LIST OF FIGURES
tJ:ap of Halifax l:arbour and Approaches Shovring the Stablf Platform Location ................... .
Telemetry System, Shore Equipment
Telemetry ::,fstem, Shore Equipment Block Diagram .
Telemetry System, Rerr:ote Equipn.ent Electronics Package
Telemetry Systerr, Remote Lquipment Electronics Package, Cover Removed ........................•.....•....
Telemetry System, Remote Equipment Block Diagram
Remote Equipment, Schematic, Main Regulators ....
Remote Equipment, Schematic Battery Voltage Monitor Circui t ....•.......•....•....•..................
Remote E~uipment, Schematic, Low-Current Regulators
Remote Equipment, Schematic, Thrust Anemometer Amplifiers .................................... .
Thrust Anemometer Cover ........................ .
Thrust Anemometer Cover, Wiring Diagram ........ .
Flexible Resistive Wave f'taff .................. .
Remote Equipment, Schematic, Wave Staff Electronics Board ......................•....................
Remote Equipment, Schematic, Wave Height Signal Amplifier ......................................•
Control Circuit for Modified Aerovane Anemometer .
(a) Remote Equipment, Schematic, 'Iemperature Probe Circuit .........................•...•..
(b) Remote Equipment, Schematic, Deck 2 ........ .
Remote Equipment, Schematic VCO Input Limiters "
Remote Equipment, Schematic, Deck 6 ............ .
Eemote Equipment, Schematic, Turn-On Detector ...
4
6
7
10
11
13
16
18
20
23
25
26
28
30
32
34
36 37
39
42
44
(v)
Figures continued
Figure 21:
22:
23:
24:
25:
26:
27:
28:
29:
30:
31:
32:
33:
34:
35:
36:
37:
38:
39:
40:
41:
Remote Equipment, Schematic, Command Detector ...
Remote Equipment, Schematic, Deck 3 ........•....
Remote Equipment, Schematic, Command Decoding Circuitry ....................•..................
Remote Equipment, Schematic, Relay Control Circuit (HCC) .......................................... .
Voltage Waveforms f'ertaining to Figure 23 During the Decoding of Command 36 ........••••.•....••..
Remote Equipment, Schematic, Thrust Anemometer Amplifier Gain and Offset Command Decoding Circuitry
Remote Equipment, Schematic, Test Unit ...•.•...•
Shore Equipment, Interconnection Diagram .....•.•
Shore EquipmE'nt, Schemati c, Command Encoder .....
Shore EquipmE!nt, Schematic, Audio Panel ........ .
Shore Equipment, Schematic, MPX/Reference Combiner
Typical Frequency Response of a Discriminator 11 Hz, Linear-Pllase Output Filter .............•........
Shore Equipment, Schematic, Command Readout Unit.
Remote Equiprr,ent, Subassembly, Regulator Board
Remote Equipment, Subassembly, Amplifier Board
Remote Equipr ent, Subassembly, Deck ~ Components
Remote Equipment, Subassembly, Havestaff Electronics Board .................•.............•.•.........
Remote Equipment, Wiring Diagram, Deck 1 III III III III III III III III
Remote Equipment, Interdeck Wiring Diagram III III III III III III
Remote Equipment, Sensor Cables III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III
Remote Equi.pwent, Sensor Csoles III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III
46
47
53
55
57
59
64
66
71
74
77
80
82
83
85
94
95
97
1. PURPOSE
This handbook presents a summary of the evolution, design, opere.tion,
and maintenance requirements c·f a 13--channel, remotely controlled, analog
data, telemetry syste1'l produced b,Y SvsteJ'l'ls Enei.neering group for the Air
Sea Intera.ction group at U e Atlantir Oceanographic Laboratory, Bedford
Institute. The handrook :i s intended primarily for documentation and to give
its users sufficient knowled.ge of the sy3tem to ensure that it is calibrated
and used in a manner that will ensure reliable results.
2. EVOLUTION
The Air-Sea Interaction group is concerned with investigating the
transfers which take place· between the air and the sea. It has been realized
for some time that these transfers play a large part in determining climatic
conditions on the earth. The s tress of t~e winds on the ocean surface, the
transfer of heat, the evaporation rate from the oceans, the stability of
stratification of the air near the ocean surface, and. the sea state are five
parameters which can be derived from the fluctuations of wind velocity, tem
erature, humidity and wave height. It is desirable to measure these para
meters in a location sufficiently far from land so that the effect of the
sea/land boundary conditions may be considered negligible. The location
chosen in 1967 by the Air-Sea Interaction group was a point two miles from
the nearest la.nd in the approaches to Halifax Harbour (44 °27'33"N, 63°31'45"W).
A special thrust anemometer VTas developed by the Air-Sea Interaction
group (Doe, 1963) to measure wind turbulence in three orthogonal compor-ents.
The anerrometer is sensitive to accelerations and in order to obtain mean
ingful measurements it is practically essential that a stable structure be
used for mounting the anemometer. A less stable structure could be utilized
if the response of the ~emometer to accelerations was determined and the
accelerations of the mounting structure were measured and recorded. The
Air-Sea Interaction group cho~e the stable platform approach and over a period
of several years a floating structure, referred to as the Mark I stable
platform, was developed.
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The platform would likely be inaccessible in high winds and/or high
sea states when the more scientifically interesting phenomena would be
occurring. 'rhus some means of transmitting the measured data to a shore
receiving station and of controlling the platform instrumentation was
required. An electrical cable connection was not feasible owing to the high
in~tial cost, the expense of laying and the limited usefulness of a cable
circuit. As a result, FM radio telemetry appeared to be a highly suitable
method. A VHF telemetry link (228.0 MHz) was chosen for the platform-to-shore
path and a UHF control link (465.2 ~Iz) from shore-to-platform. Frequency
division-multiplexing was considered to be a suitable method of transmittin~
a number of channels of data simultaneously. Tone burst keying, utilizing
a telephone type dial to generate coded commands, enabled control of the
remote instrumentation to be accomplished.
A command and telemetry system as outlined above was developed in
conjunction with the stable platform. 'llhe platform., together with the
Mark VI thrust anemometer, an Aerovane anemometer an~ the telemetry system
was installed at the selected site in 1967. The scientific results from
this installation (Smith et al., 1969) were encouraging but the telemetry
system proved to be marginally reliable. Also it was generally felt that
wind speeds higher than those previously encountered at the relatively
sheltered site (0-15 m/s) were required. These facts, together with com
plaints from local fishermen, led to the removal of the platform in October
1968.
A more exposed location (44°29'26"N, 63°23'3l"W) was chosen in the
approaches to Halifax Harbour (Fig. 1) and the Mark II stable platform, a
bottom.-mounted structure, was installed in April 1969. The original command
and telemetry system was refurbished and its design improved to increase
reliability. The instrumentation was installed on the platform in September
1969 and meaningful data on w~nd turbulence was collected at a telemetry
receiving station based at Osborne Head (Smith, 1970).
In December 1969, after numerous mooring problems, the stable
platform failed in a '"' evere storm and all equipment on it was lost OYer
board. In order to continue the Air-Sea Interaction study, a replacement
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command alld telemetry system was required hence a new design was begun
immediately. At the same time the Mark III stable platform was being
fabricated (Mills~ 1972). This structure was moored in October 1970 in
the same location as Mark II (Figure 1). During the same month the tele
met~y system and instrumentation were placed on the structure. The system
operated reliably for the duration of the experiment (Mills, 1972) which
was terminated abruptly in December 1970 when the Mark III platform was
damaged in rough seas. The telemetry system was recovered in this instance.
The design of the repla.cement command and telemetry system closely
followed. the original for reasons of econony, as a consid.erable investment
had already been n:ade in spares. Significant iJllprovements and changes,
however, were incorporated.
Circuitry was added to enable meaS1ITements of wave height, air
temperature, and battery voltage to be made. Provision for utilizing the
thrust and AeY'ovane anemometers was, of course, retained. To enable an
assessment of the performance of the stable platform, provision for inter
facing a three-component accelerometer and four mooring-wire load cells
was incorporated in the system.
To improve reliability, waterproof connectors .lere specified for
all signal and pOI'ler connections to the tel~metry package. A specially
designed submersible e;land was fabricated for the entry of r.f. coaxial
connections (Vine, 1970). Further improvement in reliability was gained
by a redesign of the slow-acting method of co~and decoding used in the
original system.
Consideration of the r.f. propagation loss over the telemetry
path from the stable platform to the receiving station at Osborne Head,
a distance of 28 km, revealed that a 0.25 \'!att VEF transmitter would give
adequate signal strength at the receiver (Jasik, 1961). The original system
used a 5 watt transmitter. The saving in battery current obtained by utili
zing a low power transmitter significantly increased battery life.
In an effort to reduce the amount of heavY equipment on the platform,
6~~~' ... • °
0 •••
44° 30'
ASAMBRO ISLAND
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6~ 30'
STABLE PLATFORM LOCATION
-$-440 29' 26" N 630 23' 31" W
TRUE N
44°
PENNANT PT.
o
W~----~----~E
HALIFAX HARBOUR
ENTR ANCE
I I I 2 3 4 !5
NAUTIC AL MILES
FIGURE 1: Map of Halifax Harbour and Approaches showing the Stable Platform Location
S
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it was decided to enclose the tatteries in a pressure protected case which
would sit on the sea floor.
The following sections of this report deal with the design
description, operat.ion, and maintenance of the system.
3. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The Air-Sea 'l' .' lemetry S~!stem is comprised of two main sections, the
shore equipment or control station and the remote equipment or controlled
station.
3.1 Shore Equipment
The shore equipment less receiver is mounted in a standard
10 -inch rack (Fig. 2). A block diagram of the equipment is shown in
Figure 3. The command encoder, with a telephone-type dial, is coupled to
a L~F, FM transmittpr with its associated antenna. Emergency voice communi
cat i on is possible over thp telemetry system using the microphone and speaker.
Telemetry signals, including commands regenerated by the remote equipment,
are sensed by the recei vinL; antenna and receiver. The AGC voltage fron the
receiver, which increases ree;ativel~· with increasing RF signal strength, is
used to control the d. c. power supply in the command readout un.i t so tha.t
the unit does not operate on receiver output-noise in the absence of a signal.
The receiver output, a frequency-division-multiplexed signal, operates the
command readout ur:it and is fed to the multiplex--reference combiner. The
combiner filters the receiver output to limit the noise bandwidth and adds
to it an internally generated 14.5 }:IIz signal prior to recording. The 14.5kHz
is utilized on playback to automatically reduce errors caused by stretching
of the t ape or u;'l changes in the tape transport speed.
'l'he c"n,1·j :t(~r outpu'c, is the input to channell of a two
channel analog tape r ecorder. Channel 2 is used to make a voice record of
date, time. run number ancl pert :i. llent IJ1eteorolog i cal information at the time
of recording. The tape recorder inruts may be monitored prior to or during
recording, and the output:: nay be monitored durinlZ recording. \'lhen recording
is in progress, the outpu~ 3ignal from channell of the recorder is used to
drive the discriminators which demultipJex and demodulate the multiplexed
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aaaaa
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TAPE RECORDER
AUDIO PANEL
COMMAND READOUT UNIT
COMMAND ENCODER
PATCH PANEL AND BATTERY MONITOR
DISCRIMINATORS
MULTIPLEX-DATA / 14 K Hz COMBINER
UHF TRANSMITTER
FIGURE 2: Telemetry System, Shore Equipment
A
-
B
W RECEIVE ANTENNA
1
MIC c[)---j AMP
~
2
COMMANDO ENCODER •
MPX TONES
~- 3 4
W TRANSMIT ANTENNA
i 465.2MHi! COMMAND
TRANSMITTER
PLUS TELEMETRY 228.0MHi! MULTIPLEXEDI MULTIPLEX - 14.5~Hi! TAPE DISCRIMINATORS DEMOg~T~ATED BATTERY
TELEMETRY TONES I REFERENCE RE. RECORDER rr I RIG PATCH VOLTAGE RECEIVER COMBINER CHAN I CHANNELS PANEL INDICATOR
AGC I TO 13 VOLTAGE
COMMAND READOUT 1-1 --~
UNIT
r+-i CHAN 2
qr MICROPHONE
I-
CHART 1 RECORDER I
'A
I-
BEDFORD INSTITUTE I B HEADPHONES
I 2 -I 3
TITlE
DARTMOUTH NOVA SCOTIA
AIR SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
DRN. W.A. COLLINS I J:/r,::,... __ DATE 11/6171
DRAWING Nl! B -8-17-56
4
FIGURE 3: Telemetry System Shore Equipment Block Diagram
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information. Discriminator chaEnels 1 through 12 are data channels;
channel 13 is the 14.5 kHz reference channel. Channel numbering is in
accordance with the Inter-Range Illstrumentation Group (IRIG) format (Gruenberg,
1967); a listing of IRIG channels and frequencies is given in Table 1. The
resulting recording is compatible with the AID interface equipment at the
BIO computing centre where the recorded data may be automatically reduced
and processed (Thorburn and Dinn, 1971).
Discriminator outputs are fed to a patch panel where selected
channels may be connected to the chart recorder for monitoring. Battery
voltage is one of the parameters which is sensed at the remote site; this
information is transmitted to the shore station where it is displayed on a
meter which is part of the patch panel. Monitoring the battery voltage in
this manner gives an indication of when batteries should be changed.
3.2 Remote Eguipment
The remote equipnent electronics package (Figure 4) is housed
in a waterproof aluminum container 60 cm (24 inches) long and 28 cm
(11 inches) in diameter. Electrical connections to the equipment are made
via vlaterproof connectors (Electro Oceanics) which can be seen in Figure 4 surrounded by a protective ring. The equipment is normally mounted by two
wing brackets; however, for testing and troubleshooting with the cover
removed (Figure 5), the protective ring is used as a support.
A block diagram of the remote equipment is shown in Figure 6. Command signals are sensed by the co~mand receiver via a six-element yagi
antenna. The receiver output, which is a tune-burst signal, is detected and
used to operate relays in the control circuit making it possible to change
various parameters of the system.
The remote equipnent has two modes of operation, active
and standby, and ma.~; be placed in either mode with the proper commands. In
the standby mode only the rece~ .fer and the detectors are pmlered, .Thile in
the active mode aJl sub-units ir the remote equipment are operating. Battery
life is extended considerab~v by putting the system in standby when data
transmission is not required. Power is supplied by a 36 volt lead-acid
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rUBLE 1
IRIG Standard Frequencie s
j I Channel Lower Band Band Centre Upper Band !:::.f No. Edge Edge
I -Frequency· Period Frequency: Period Frequency Period liz
I Hz Hz Hz I llS llS llS I
400 i 430 I
~O 1 370 i 2702.7 12500.0 !2325.5 I
2 518 ' 1930·5 560 , 1785.7 602 i 1661.1 84 I I
3 675 1481.4 730 i 1369.9 785 I no ; 1273.9 I i i
4 888 !1126.1 960 \ 1041. 7 1,032 '968.99 14 ~ I I
1 83l.95 5 1,202 1,300 i 769.23 1,398 715.31 19E) i
6 1,572 ;636.13 1,700 :588.23 1,828 547.05 256 I I
7 2,127 ! 470.15 2,300 ; h34.78 2,473 404.37 346
8 2,775 /360.36- 3,000 I 333.33 I
3,225 ' 310.08 450
9 3,607 1277.2h 3,900 I
1256.41 4,193 238.49 586 i !
10 4,995 i 200.20 5,400 : 185.19 5,805 172.27 i 810 I I I
11 6,799 ! 147.08 7,350 i 136.05 7,901 126.57 : 1,102 ,
12 9,712 102.97 10,500 ! 95.238 11,288 88.590 11,576 I I I
13 13,412 74.560 14,500 ! f;S.966 15,588 64.152 I 2,176 ! I
14 20,350 I 49 .11~0 22,000 h5.455 23,650 42.283 I 3,300
15 27,750 136.036 30,000 133.333 32,250 31.008 4,500
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FIGURE 4: Telemetry System, Remote Equipment, Electronics Package
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MODULATION CONTROL AMPLIFIER
veo's
THRUST ANEMOMETER
AMPLIFIERS
STEPPER SWITCH
MAIN REGULATORS
WAVE STAFF ELECTRON ICS
TEMPERATURE PROBE
ELECTRONICS
FIGURE 5: Telemetry System, Remote Equipment, Electronics Package, cover removed
F M TELEM ETRY TRANSMITTER
DC-DC CONVERTER
DECK 5
RELAY CONTROL
BOARD
RELAYS
DECK 4
DETECTORS
DECK 2
DECK 1
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battery pack. The various other voltages required to operate the equipment
are derived from the battery voltage via the power regulation circuitry.
The command retransmit circuit and the battery voltage
vnitor are used to normalize the 27-volt command pulses and the variations
i~ batterJ voltage to a ±2.5-volt base as required by the voltage controlled
osci11ators (VCOs). In addition, the remote equipment contains matching units
_::.' ,,' :'gna1 conditioners for various external sensors. The thrust-anemometer
amplifiers accept low level signals (0 to ±200 mY) from the anemometer and
increase these signals to ±2.5 volts full scale. The gain and the offset
of the amplifiers may be varied in discrete steps by the control circuitry
~ n conjunction with commands from the shore equipment.
The variation in submerged length of a resistive wave staff
as a result of changes in ~ater level is convertei into a proportionately
varying voltage by the waVE staff electronics.
The tenpere.ture probe circuit produces an output voltage
which is a function of the resistance of a thermistor which is exposed to
the air. Commands from the shore equipment enable the mean temperature, or
fluctuations about the mean temperature, to be sensed.
COMmands from the shore equipment also enable the Aerovane
anemometer output to be scaled to suit the existing wind conditions via the
Aerovane anemometer control circuit.
The outputs from these various sLgnal conditioners and four
other external siEnals are each conn~cted via limiter circuits to the input
of individual voltage controlled oscillators (VCO) operating on IRIG pro
portional-bandwidth channels. The limiter circuits prevent overdriving of
the '.'CO' s and thus eliminate breakthrou,;~ from one channel to another. ~he
current IRIG channel allocations are presented in Table 2.
Ir.tnediately after the stable platform ioTas installed, a three
component accelerometer and four tensj on measurin[" devices were attached to
obtain engineering information on the platform's s t ability (Mills s 1972).
•
THRUST ANEMOMETER
COV(H CONTROL
THRUST ANEMOMETER
. r TO BATTERY
VOLTAGE MONITOR
RECEIVER
- 13 -
[§~:~~~VV} +15 V +6 V -15 V
- -20 V
OPEN/CL~~=O=U:T=P:U=T:::::::::::::::::::::::::::r ________ ~
{
:I ___ --I~-V-_l +15 V
+27 V + 15 V -15 V -20V
-15 V
OF~SET
CH ·12
CH II
CH 10
SWITCHED - ON IN "ACTIVE" MODE
EXTERNAL CONTROL
FOR TESTING
TEMPERATURE PROBE
EXTERNAL SIGNALS
RESISTANCE _ESTAFF
EXTERNAL MODULATION
FROM BATTERY
AEROVANE ANEMOMETER
{------1
r COSINE
~ __ ~S~IN~E~ ______ ~
FIGURE 6:
+25.5 V
LIMITER CIRCUITS VOLTAGE
CONTROLLED OSCILLATORS
Telemetry System, Remote Equipment Block Diagram
- 14 -
Under shore command d.c. reference voltages m~y be substituted
in place of the outputs of the limiters to calibrate the VCO. The VCOs
are designed such that their outputs can be multiplexed simply by connecting
them together. The resulting multiplexed signal is fed via the modulation
control amplifier to the VHF telemet:r;r transmitter.
TABLE 2
IRIG Channel Allocations
Channel 1 Aerovane Sine Signal
2 Aerovane Cosine Signal
3 Battery Voltage
4 vTave Height Signal
5 Tension, Mooring Cable #1
6 Tension, Mooring Cable #2
7 Tension, Mooring Cable #3
8 Tension, Mooring Cable #4
9 Air Temperature
10 Thrust Anemometer Component 1/ Accelerometer Component 1
11 Thrust Anemometer Component 2/ Accelerometer Component 2
12 Thrust Anemometer Component 3/ Accelerometer Component 3
14 Command Retransmit
4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF REMOTE EQUIPJTNT
4.1 Battery Power
In normal use, power is supplied to the telemetry system by
a bank of nine l2-volt, 90-ampere-hour, lead-acid storaf,e batteries connected
in a series-parallel arrangement to provide 3C volts with a 270 ampere-hour
capacity. The batteries are contained in a pressure-proof steel box measur
ing approximately 99 x 72 x 28 cm (3) x 28.5 x 11 inches) which is capable
of withstanding water pressures at ~ depth greater than 98 metres (300 feet).
- 15 -
When fully loaded with batteries the box weighs approximately 300 kg
(660 pounds).
The battery box rests on the sea floor. A four-conductor
(each #12 AWG) electrical cable, connected to the box via a submersible
connector carries power to the surface where battery voltage is available
on two independent pairs of wire. High-current circuits, such as motors,
and low'-current, sensitive, electronic circuits are each operated by separate
pairs, thus avoiding difficulties caused by a common cable impedance.
When the battery is fully charged and is disconnected from
the charging circuit, the battery voltage settles to approximately 39 volts.
For practical purposes, the ene-of-discharge voltage vihile supplying 1 ampere
was determined from tests to be nominally 31.0 volts. Cable losses (1 volt
in this case), reverse-polarity-protection diode losses (1 volt) and regulator
losses (1 to 2 volts) limit the maximum regulated voltage which can be derived
from the battery to approximately 27 volts. This voltage permits the use
of many commercially available electronic subassemblies reQuiring a 28-volt
±10% supply voltage, hence the choice of a 36-volt power source.
4.2 Main Voltage Regulators
Each of the tYro pairs of wires from tpe battery is connected
in the electronics package to inaepcndent +27-volt regulators which are
mounteu on Deck 3 (Fig. 5). The regulator schematic is presented in
Figure 7. Regulator B serves the thrust anemometer cover motor (section 4.6);
while reiSUlator A serves the remainder of the telemetry system. Both regu
lators have a series input diode to protect the system from application of
the incorrect battery polarity. In aGdition, an automatic 3 ampere current
limit control has been incorporated in each regulator. The nominal load-current
rating of the regulators is 2 amperes. Referring to regulator A the voltage
at Q6 base is nominally 29 volts set by D7 and D8. Transistors Q6 and Q7 form
a compound-follower circuit w~ich drives a simple eTIitter-follower po#er-
output stage. ApproxilJ'ate l y 1. 5 to 2 volts is lost in these follmTers
resulting in an output voltage of approximately 27 volts.
1 2
DI 20C8(1 R l
04 EXTERNAL
+36V INPUT ( 2N3716/ TO BOARD FROM BATTERY 0 ~ " r - - -, (ALSO 08) , ~+27V OUTPUT
3 4
- 17 -
Resistor R10 is a current-sensing resistor. If the load
1.ere such that it required more tr..an 3 amperes, the voltage drop across R10
would cause Q5 to conduct such that the voltage at Q6 base would drop to a
value sufficient to limit the current to 3 amperes.
4.3 Battery Voltage 110nitor
As indica.ted in S~ction 4.1, the battery voltage is a
reasonable indicator of the relative operating capacity remaining in the
batteries and for this reason is monitored and the result is telemetered to
the shore station. The voltage which is actually sensed is that at the input
of main regulator A (Figure 7). A voltage drop of approximately one volt
occurs in the battery cables, thus when the voltage being sensed falls to
30 volts the battery has reached the end of its useful life.
The battery voltage monitor produces an output between -2.5
and +2.5 volts for an input between +28 and +38 volts. The schematic is
shown as part of Figure 8 and consists of Ql, D2, R4, R5, R6, R9 and R15.
Pin 3 of the schematic carries the representative battery voltage from which
33 volts is subtracted by Ql. Transistor Ql is connected as a current
source, drawing just under 1 rnA through Rh and returning it to the -15 volt
supply. With 28 volts between pins 3 and 7 of the circuit, R6 is adjusted
so that -2. 5 volts is obtained at pin 5. Resistor R9 and the input impedance
of a VCO connected to pin 5 attenuate the nominal 10-volt change in input
vol tage to a 5-vol t change centered about zero.
'The batter! monitor is mounted on a printed circuit boa.rd
on Deck 4 of the electroni cs pe.ckage.
4.4 Low-Current Voltage Regulators
Supply voltages of +25.5 volts, +15.0 volts and +6.0 volts
are derived from separate voltage regulators (Figure 9) operating directly
from the 27-volt output of main regulator A. A dc-dc converter producing
-20 volts is used in conjunction with another regulator to provide -15.0 volts.
All of these components are mouni ed on Decl: 6 of the remote equipment
(Figure 5).
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•
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- 19 -
Operation of the -15 volt, +15 volt and 6 volt regulators is
basically identical. For the +15 volt regulator, D5 and D6, fed by constant
current diode D7, provide a reference voltage of nominally 6.6 volts.
Transistors Q7 and Q8 form a voltage comparator; Q9 and Q10 are connected
in a compound follower circuit; D8 allows the use of a higher collector feed
resistor for Q7 resulting in higher gain and improved regulation. An increase
in load current tends to cause a decrease in output voltage and in the volt
age at Q8 base. As a result Q7 conducts an increased amount of current which
increases the collector current of Q9, which in turn provides an increase
in emitter current of Q10 sufficient to meet the new load demand.
A protective current-limiting feature is provided by Q7 and
Rll. lfuen the load is such that a current of more than 0.35 ampere is
demanded, the voltage drop across Rll is sufficient to cause Q7 to conduct,
providing a bypass for the current that normally flows from Q9 base. IE th
the base current of Q9 lim:~ ted, the load current is also limited.
The -15 volt and +15 volt regulators differ only in the
polarity of the semiconductors. The reference voltage for the 6 volt regu
lator is derived from +15.0 volts via R24 and R25, and current from this
regulator is limited to.0.25 ampere.
The 25.5 volt regulator is similar to the other three with
the exception of its output stage. Transistor Q19, in Figure 9, is an
emitter-follower operating from the output of the voltage comparator and
feeding a collector-output, series-pass transistor which produces a regulated
output with as little as 0.2 volts emitter-collector operating voltage.
When the voltage drop across R32 under normal operation (200 mV) is considered
as well, it is evident that output of the regulator will be maintained at
25.5 volts for input voltages as low as 26.0 volts. If the compound follower
output stage were employed here, as in the three other regulators, a minimum
input voltage of 26.8 volts would be required to maintain a regulated output.
Since the 27 volt input may vary by as much as ±l volt the collector-output
arrangement is the only suitable one.
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4.5 Thrust Anemometer Amplifiers
The ~( VI three-component thrust anemometer being used in
the Bedford Institute's air-sea interaction program resolves the displacement,
caused by wind drag, of a perforated sphere 3.8 cm (1.5 inches) in diameter,
into three orthogonal components (Smith, 1969). Three linear voltage
displacement transducers (LVDTs) within the anemometer produce output voltages
proportional to displacement for each of the three components. At wind speeds
approaching 40 metres per second (78 kt), the nominal upper measurement limit
of the thrust anemometer, the output voltage of either horizontal component
when aligned with the wind direction is approximately 200 mY. The vertical
wind component drag force typically varies between zero and one-fifth of the
horizontal components, thus producing an output between zero and 40 mY. The
thrust anemometer amplifiers (Figure 10) are required to bring these low level
signals up to 2.5 volts full scale, and to compensate for long-term and
temperature-induced drifts in the anemometer outputs. The amplifiers are
contained on a single printed. circuit board which is mounted on Deck 5 (Figure 5).
In order to ensure good resolution over the range of wind
speeds from 0 to 40 metres per second, four discrete gain settings are pro
vided by the amplifiers. ~he gain of all three amplifiers is changed with
a single command. The gain of the two horizontal-component amplifiers is
selectable at 12.5, 25, 50 or 100, while that of the vertical-component
amplifier is selectable at 62.5, 125, 250 or 500. The increased vertical
sensitivity is necessary because the vertical component of the wind force is
generally smaller than either horizontal component.
The three outputs of the anemometer at zero-wind conditions
should ideally be zero but because of mechanical shock during installation,
temperature changes and long-term drift the outputs may fall anYVlhere
between 0 and ±15 mY. Offset voltages may be applied to the amplifier inputs
to ensure that the amplifier outputs will be close to zero at zero wind
conditions. Four positive offsets, four negative offsets (±1.67, ±3.33,
±5.00, ±6.67 volts) and a zero offset are available and may be chosen
independently for each amplifier.
- 22 -
\-lith reference to Figure 1.0, Al is an operational amplifier
used in a non-inverting, follower-vli th-gain configuration. The gain is set
by R5 and R8 and is nominally 108. The effect of the offset input resistors
Rl, R2, R3 and R7 on the gain is negligible.
The LVDTs in the thrust anemometer have a typical output
resistance of 1300 ohms. The anemometer output, which is isolated, appears
across 5P3-14 and 5P3-13 (Figure 10). The low side of the output connects
to 0 volts via R18. By adjusting R20 the residual output voltage of the
anemometer may be nulled out. The output resistance of the anemometer and
Rll through R17 form an input attenuator. Gain commands from the shore
station effectively connect 5P3-8 to one of 5P3-9, -10, -11, or -12, giving
nominal voltage gains of 100, 50, 25 or 12.5 respectively. The reduction
of the maximum gain from 108 to 100 is a result of the loading effect of the
attenuator in conjunction vli th the thrust anemometer output resistance.
Constant source impedance is seen by pin 3 of the operational amplifier and
is maintained by R15, R16, and R17. Undesired changes in amplifier output
voltage resulting from changes in the input bias current of the operational
amplifier are thus minimized.
Offset commands from shore result in +15 volts or -15 volts
being applied to 5P3-4, -5, -6, or -7. The only exception occurs at zero
offset when 5P3-5 is taken to 0 volts. Because the offset input voltage is
applied to the inverting input of the operational amplifier, a positive
voltage must be used to produce a negative shift in the amplifier output.
The choice of offset resistors controls the gain of the circuit with regard
to the offset voltage. For example, to obtain +5.00 volts offset, -15.0 volts
is applied to the amplifier via R7 and Rl vlhich totals 301 k~L Since the
feedback resistor is 100 krl the circuit gain is -1/3 and a shift of +5 .00vol ts
occurs at the output.
Resistor R4 is used to limit the amplifier output current in
the event that the amplifier is overdriven. RIO is used to set the amplifier
output to 0 volts after R20 has been adjusted and zero offset has been
selected.
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Schematic, Thrust Anemometer Amplifiers
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I
- 24 -
Note that .A.MP 2 schematic is identical to that of AMP l.
However, in AMP 3, the value of R48 is 187 ohms, giving an amplifier gain
of 535. When the loading effect of the attenuator is accounted for the
maximum gain available is 500.
4.6 Thrust Anemometer Cover
Because of long-term drift, temperature-induced drift and
tilt of the tower structure, the thrust anemometer outputs at zero wind
conditions cannot be relied on to be precisely repeatable. Since the
absolute wind velocity is an important parameter, a means of monitoring the
anemometer outputs at zero wind is required. To this end a method of simu
lating zero wind conditions by completely covering the anemometer was devised.
The anemometer cover (Figure 11) was produced by Nova Scotia
Research Foundation (Taiani, 1970). It consists of two concentric, fibreglass
reinforced-plastic cylinders; the inner one (10 cm diameter x 100 cm long)
is normally flange-mounted rigidly to a supporting structure, and the outer
cylinder (15 cm diameter x 92 cm long) is carried up or down by a motor
actuated lead-screw. The motor is contained within the inner cylinder near
the bottom. The anemometer is normally mounted in the upper end of the inner
cylinder. The outer cylinder has a top cap containing a central hole approxi
mately 5 cm in diameter through which the upper portion of the anemometer pro
trudes when the cover is open (outer cylinder down). ~~en the cover is closed,
the outer cylinder is up and effectively shrouds the anemometer from the "rind.
The hole in the top cap is closed off by two overlapping shutter-leaves which
operate as the top of the outer cylinder clears the anemometer.
A wiring diagram of the anemometer cover is shown in
Figure 12. A 5-pin connector, J3, in the base of the cover assembly couples
power from the electronics package to the cover motor. When the anemometer
is to be exposed, a command from the shore staU.on applies +27 volts between
pins E and A of the connector. Motor current is typically 1.5 amperes
starting, 0.3 amperes running. The Irotor operates turning the lead scre"r
which carries the outer cylinder dmm. At the end of its travel the limit
switch is tripped thus interrupting power to the motor. The motor may now
- 25 -
FIGURE 11: Thrust Anemometer Cover
1 2 3 4
I" Jl 391/2"
PI "I A .. r--.
COMP I { A RETURN H ... H -
A
B ... - B COMP 2 { RETURN J .. J ITT-CANNON -
C C MS3102E 14S-5P COMPo 3 { (5 PIN MALE) RETURN ... K K
COMMON A ---BLACK RED
F F -+6·00 V { -RETURN L - L
B ~ ( U"""'T V"
'r' LIMIT I
SHIELD N N C ~ SWITCH I MOTOR
BENDIX '-CONSOLIDATED WIRE CLOSE D WHITE J...
~ ~ ~
10-74722-14P ANID CABLE # 1709 OPEN E ... GREEN
J3 - 18~3 SO (19 PIN MALE)
J2 CABTIRE CABLE BLACK
THERMISTOO {
r-..... NOTE: A S
... T I. LIMIT SWITCH SHOWN AT COMPLETION OF
B "CLOSE" CYCLE. T' SHIELD C ~BELDEN 8412 CABLE
U
D ~ BENDIX BEDFORD INSTITUTE 8
E ~ 10-72622-14S DARTMOUTH -- NOVA SCOTIA
F ~ (19 PIN FEMALE) mu THRUST ANEMOMETER
BENDIX COVER WIRING 10-74714-6P DRN. W.A. COLLINS I I-p.-,.,~ ·
(6 PIN MALE) DATE 14/6171 I
DRAWING Nil 8-8-17-55
2 3 4
FIGURE 12: Thrust Anemometer Cover Wiring Diagram
A
8
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4
- 27 -
be operated only by applying +27 volts between pins D and A which serves to
close the cover. The limit switch mechanism is designed so that the switch
will trip when the outer cylinder reaches the end of its travel in either
direction or when the motion of the cylinder is sufficiently impeded, e.g.,
by icing. Thus, the motor cannot remain in a stalled or high-load condition.
In addition to J3, the base of the cover assembly contains
a 19-pin connector, Jl, and 6-pin connector, J2, used to carry anemometer
signals and a thermistor signal respectively. The anemometer itself is
connected to Jl via Pl and a short length of cable within the inner cylinder
of the cover assembly.
During the 1970 field season wires from a thermistor were
routed through the anemometer case to its output connector. From there the
signal was available on J2,
4.7 Wave MeasUl'ing Circuitry
4.7.1 Wavestaff
Waves are measured by means of a 12.2 metre (40-feet)
resistance type wavestaff produced by Nova Scotia Research Foundation (Taiani,
1971). The staff is made of flexible nylon tUbing with a spiral groove in
which nichrome wire is wound (Figure 13). The wire size is such that the
total resistance of the staff is approximately 465 ohms. The wavestaff may
be coiled to a 1.2-metre (4-feet) diameter for ease of transport. In use,
the staff is supported vertically on the stable platform by a taut steel
cable through the centre of the tube. At the top of the staff there is a
two-contact waterproof connector. The resistance of the staff as measured
across these contacts is, by virtue of the conductivity of the sea water,
proportional to the amount of the staff which is out of the water and hence
is related directly to wave height.
Wavestaff ~lectronics Board
The wavestaff is excited by a 1.5 kHz, 5 rnA peak
alternating-current from the wavestaff electronics circuit. Since the current
is fixed, the voltage across the staff is a function of resistance only.
UNDERWATER MALE CONNECTOR ELECTRO OCEANICS. IHC.
CATALOG NO ""7 ~~___ ~ ~~M~~~
o:o:r:::tL_J..'~--'
---~
Yii DIAMETER FLExIBLE "'STAINLESS STEEL CABLE ~
•
HaCHROIrol[ RESISTANCE WIRE
WIRE IS SECURELY WOUND IN THREAD GROOVE NilO
OVER INSULATED RETURN
INSULATED RETURN WIRE
BELDEN TYPE 8960
Yi 0 0 l ~. I 0 NYLON TYPE 101
~:?--~SCROLL PITCH - Z TURNS PER FOOT
DIMENSION "f·
VARIASLE OtMENSION TABLE
EFFECTIVE NICHROME FLEXIBLE DIMENSION "[" THREADS TOTAL RESISTANCE WIRE DlA. STAINLESS STEEL INCHES PEA INCH RESISTANCE LENGTH, FT CABLE LENGTH, FT CltNS (APPRO)Q
20 O.CX79 a illS NO.2~ .. 2" • • .0 >0 o.ong aas HO.zs, >. ... • • '0 • 0 o 0201 8 III S NO.24 .. ••• • • ••
FIGURE 13: Flexible Resistive Wave Staff
I
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______ -1. !~~~~SLS ..... SpTEEl WIRE
TAKEN FROM ' NOyA SCOTIA RESEARCH FOUHO.TIOH DRAWING NO [-I-I PATRICK .. TAIAHI
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.... 29 -
The a.c. staff voltage is converted to a proportional d.c. voltage by the
wavestaff electronics circuit, the output of which may be adjusted to pro
duce a to +5.0 volts corresponding to a rise in water level of 12.2 metres.
The wavestaff electronics board (Figure 14) is
mounted on Deck 3 of the remote equipment (Figure 5). The schematic may be
considered in four separate functional blocks. The first is a standard
astable multivibrator or square wave oscillator, comprised of rCl and asso
ciated components, producing a 23-volt peak-to-peak output at 1.5 kHz.
The second block is a voltage-to-current converter
consisting of a diode bridge (Dl through D4) and components shown within
the bridge. Whenever the diode bridge is biased positively or negatively
by more than 4 volts on its lateral corners, Ql functions as a current source,
passing current from the top corner to the bottom corner of the bridge. The
current may be adjusted between 3 rnA and 8 rnA by means of R8 to accommodate
wavestaffs with resistances between 800 ohms and 300 ohms, respectively.
Capacitors C5 and c6 block direct current, thus the current produced by QI is
seen by the wavestaff as an alternating current. During the positive half
cycle, current flows from rCI via Dl, Ql, D4, C5 and c6 into the wavestaff,
while during the negative half-cycle the flow is from the wavestaff via C5,
c6, D2, Ql, D3 and into rCI.
The third block is the detector which produces a
d.c. voltage from the a.c. voltage across the combined resistance of the
wavestaff and RIO. Variable resistor RIO functions as an offset control to
permit setting the output voltage so that a volts output corresponds to a
water level just at the bottom of the staff. The actual detector is a
negative-output, voltage-doubler consisting of C7, DIO, Dl3 and a filter
network C8, R13 and C9. The clamping voltage for the doubler is +7.3 volts
produced by Dl4 and D15. As the input voltage to C7 is increased, the
detector output voltage will decrease from +7.3 volts to zero. A rising
water level produces a decrease in staff resistance which causes a decrease
in voltage across the staff and thus an output voltage which increases
positively. Hence the output voltage of the circuit is in the same sense
as the wave being measured.
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RI5 !><O'<
MIN OU~~T DRIJ:'T \I~ Te.M~ER ..... TURE ..... ,_ •
3. "'LL P'Ol,..,RI'Z.ED C,...,PACITORS ~e. DJ?'( T,lttrNTA.LUH T"(~~·ILT.:Ipe.,..J liEiSAIfi">iNSffTUTE ==1 4
A
B
c
5 ..... LL PoTENT\OMe.TER~ ARE OOUR:N~ ~'2."'O H. .... IR SEI'. INTERI'Cr\ON I 0 TP ~ .. 7·3 "Ol....,.~ O.C
TP 4- - 2.0 'VOl.:T''S D . C. :t::/'t
2
FIGURE 14: Remote Equipment:
3
TE.L.EMETR,( S'(STEM SCHEMI'.-nC. ",,"'VE "' ..... FF ElECTRONICS
-. .; ... .. ; .... i ___ ._ NO",,"
1Il1l: 2& A.PRIL ~~"70 I )~ __ •• C-B-I7- 47
4
Schematic, Wave-Staff Electronics Board
LV o
- 31 -
The output is buffered by emitter-follower Q2,
which, in this application, requires a negative supply in order to remain
linear for output voltages near zero. The final functional block is used to
produce -20 volts for this purpose by feeding the output of the multi vibrator
to a voltage doubler circuit comprised of DB, D9 and associated components.
Wave Height Signal Amplifier
The wave height signal amplifier is a unity-gain,
non-inverting amplifier used to buffer the output of the wavestaff electronics
board and to shift the signal from the a to 5 volt range to a -2.5 to +2.5 volt
range as required by the veo input. The amplifier circuit (Figure 15) con
sists of ICl and associated components. Resistors R10 and R12 form a voltage
divider providing +2.5 volts to the inverting input of the amplifier, thus
subtracting 2.5 volts from the input signal. Resistor RB is used to limit
the maximum current that can be drawn from the amplifier under fault conditions.
4.B Aerovane Anemometer
4.B.l Modifications to the Aerovane
The standard Aerovane anemometer (Bendix Corp.,
Friez Instrument Division, Model 120) registers horizontal wind speed V a
and direction e in cylindrical coordinates. A propeller-driven magneto a
generates a voltage proportional to wind speed, and the directional signal
is generated by a synchro transmitter which requires more 115-volt, 60-hertz
power than can conveniently be supplied at the remote site. The Aerovane
was therefore modified to register in two Cartesian coordinates by replacing
the directional synchro with a precision sine-cosine potentiometer (Figure 16).
The voltage from the Aerovane magneto, representing total wind speed, is split
by a voltage divider, Rl and R2, and applied to the potentiometer so that the
voltages at the cosine and sine terminals are proportional respectively to
the south-to-north wind component, VI = V cos e , and the east-to-west a a
component, V2
= V sin 8 . a a The spee~-indicating magneto remains loaded by
the recommend~d impedance of 1150 ohms, as it was before modification, so
that the manufacturer's calibration remains valid. The modified Aerovane
sensor is wind-powered and does not require a separate electrical supply.
A
-
B
-
c
-
D
~
., I'" 47 ~bK
.,.~ ~X .r.
.. " 'o~
t-%'I FROM !!Urrr..TT j ' I
1 2
i--I -I +'5- --,
R" ,0"
"'0 50\· 11<
",., '00"
", .. "'7:Z~ ~~ ... lew
". I ,I,!,
I 3
~ ~~ 107 ... r: .~ ,.., 'ill
." .,. Z:r 1;'
, 1 ! 11!1!1
I 4
A
r- B ~i.
R " ~ Rtl .. " ~ R2/O "0'- ''!' ... 11t!\ !II" .'" < . "
0" 0:."1. l- f--< .... 10,
.,. R:t7 '00 '00 ~ ~
I-
11 1 ! ! ! 1 ! b i ! Z ~~ ...... ~'( 3
)1,1,1 ,,1,,1 LJ
I 177 e~ I I t ~ ,4 I~ ." 17 I ~ ,~ to :1 :::: ,~ Z4Z!> '2" " te Z~ ~ ~I ?,'Z !~ !!4-L ______________ l
c NOTt!.~ .
, Ut..lLESS O"HE.~"""~E NOTED .... LL ~E~I~"OR~
A..RE 1 .. "" .'"1. 'Z .... LL POTEN"\OME,~R~ A.RE BOURN~ ~'2.E.O H .
~ E"Qulv ..... I-EWT R~'SoI~T ........ C~ OF R'ZI .. R: 22. ~ I', K B , ... '-10 ~;; -='!l~~~:_, .,;~~~'~~o:.:.'~iiI-
FIGURE 15:
2 3
'" ",R
~L , "0
~\ w .... ~ !.(.\(,,".4 ·J.~ '::l.3.2.w
~I_ Rle ""'E"f: 200~ ",."7 "',., .... ERE 2· "'" K
RS ......... ~ "" w ,".
B£DFORD INsmuTE DAImIOUTII --- NOyA. scanA
mu A.I~· SEA. INTERf.:Ir...CTION
TELE~ET~~ 5~5TEM
~C.HEM.A.:T\C . DECK 4 COMPOt..ie: ...... --::
a... ~-.-. I L '" ~ --~.
M~ 2 ,..,-.,qc ... '')7-, ~
OM""'"' C-B-I,-4-3
4
Remote Equipment: Schematic, Wave Height Signal Amplifier (enclosed by broken line)
~
D
LU I\)
- 33 -
4.8.2 Aerovane Control Circuit
The sine and cosine output voltages are connected
to the anemometer control circuit in the electronics package via a three
conductor cable (Figure 16). Relay Kl is shown in the closed position which
is its normal state when wind speed and direction are being monitored. To
simUlate zero wind conditions, which in the case of the Aerovane means zero
output voltage, Kl is placed in the open position by a command from the shore
station. The voltage applied to the VCO inputs is then zero.
With Kl closed, the sine and cosine voltages are
connected to voltage dividers comprised of R3 through R6. Under remote control
K2 may be set in the position shown in Figure 16 whereby the full output
voltage of the anemometer is applied to the VCOs. This condition corresponds
to a full scale wind speed of 21.3 metres per second (41.3 kt). When K2
is set in the opposite sense, the anemometer output voltages are scaled by
1/2 before being applied to the VCOs. (Note that the parallel equivalent
of 116 kn and 750 kn is 100 kn.) Thus, a full scale range of 42.6 metres per
second (83.6 kt) is achieved. The voltage divider resistors are mounted on
a printed circuit board on Deck 4 of the electronics package and are labeled
R22 through R27 in Figure 15.
4.9 Temperature Measurement
A wind turbulence thermometer, compatible with the telemetry
system, was developed for air-sea interaction studies by the electronics
design group of the Metrology division at Bedford Institute of Oceanography
(Bendell, 1970). ~he basic requirement for a temperature measuring unit
capable of measuring rapid (10 Hz), minute (O.OlOC) temperature fluctuations
of the air near the sea. surface was met using a microbead thermistor manu
factured by Victory Engineering Corp. (Veco # E41A401C)" in conjunction with
a stable, bridge-amplifier. The thermometer is intended for use in the tem
perature range -20°C to +30 oC. To obtain the high resolution required a
method vIas devised to centre a ±2. 5°C measurement range on the mean temperature.
In operation the thermistor is mounted on the case of the
thrust anemometer and is protected by the anemometer cover when the cover
A
8
AEROVANE MAGNETO o TO + 10 VOLTS
SONEX TYPE
TEX -3005 BR
VCO
750K Rin
2
0- 5 VOLTS
J= RI 750 Il
EQUIVALENT OUTPUT LOAO
1150 n
1°'.
L:R2
750 Il 1"1.
~o-ll>-~~ ..... /\ l>-~ ~~~"'/..... \
..... "'" \ // \
( \ \ \ \ \
VCO
750K Rin
\ \
\
2
R4 116 K 1-'0
120· o VOLTS
0-5 VOLTS
o VOLTS
3
O·
SINE - COSINE
POTENTIOMETER
( C.I.C. NO 448532) TYPE 206
o VOLTS
4
C r-} CONNECTOR
CABLE
2" CONNECTOR
ZERO WIND SIMULATOR RELAY
3
BEDFORD INSTITUTE DARTMOUTH NOVA SCOTIA
TITLE
AEROVANE ANEMOMETER CONTROL CIRCUIT
DRN. ART COSGROVE I ENG. J.) 1'- ~._
DATE 26-9-71
DRAWING NQ 8- 8-17 - 59
4
FIGURE 16: Control Circuit for Modified Aepovane Anemometer
A
8
w +:-
- 35 -
is closed for a zero wind measurement. During this time a servo amplifier
in the air temperature electronics nulls the output of the thermistor bridge
amplifier. The voltage required to produce a null is a measure of the average
temperature. The circuit (Figure 17) is calibrated to produce -2.5 volts cor
responding to -20°C and +2.5 volts for +30 oC. When the thermistor is exposed,
the servo function is inhibited. The output voltage of the circuit under this
condition is a measure of the temperature fluctuations, where the output
voltage of ±2.5 volts corresponds to nominally ±2.5°C. In either mode, the
relationship between temperature and output voltage is not linear, since the
thermistor used is a nonlinear device. To obtain precise temperature infor
mation the equation relating temperature and output voltage for the particular
thermistor must be considered (Bendell, 1970).
4.10 External Signals
As indicated in Figure 6, IRIG telemetry channels 5, 6, 7
and 8 are used to carry information derived from four unspecified external
sensors. The sensors may be of any type, but each must supply an output
voltage between +2.50 volts and -2.50 volts. A limited amount of power is
available from the electronics package to operate the sensors and any condi
tioning circuitry required to produce the necessary output voltage.
During the 1970 field season, signals derived from four
strain-gauge instrumented turnbuckles, one in each of the main mooring cables
of the stable platform, were telemetered to the shore station. Signal condi
tioners associated with each turnbuckle produced an output of -2.50 volts for
zero cable tension increasing to +2.50 volts for 20,000 Ib tension. It was
necessary that simultaneous measurement be made of the tension in each of the
main mooring cables to permit an assessment of the total loading on the
structure (Mills, 1972).
4.11 veo Input Limiting
Although the normal full scale output voltage of all the
sensor amplifiers and conditioning circuits is ±2.5 volts, many are capable
of producing output voltages as high as ±13 volts when overdriven or when a
failure occurs. If a voltage of this magnitude were applied to the input
16.2K .05%
100n~
400n 05%
OV
-15V
383n
+15V
-15V
12 K
+15V
-15V
nE41A401C)
THERMISTOR .---
25K .05%
80K .05%
80K .05%
OV 500K .05%
100pF
500 K
.05%
+15V
4.99K
OV
IK
150K
.02 fLF
+15V
10 K
1%
9.09K 1%
OV
IN4447(2)
IK
RESISTORS 5 % UNLESS MARKED
100 pF
100 K
+15V
-15V
+27V
-20V
470 n
500 fLH
I·lfLF
OV
t"T
T
70t"T
5
I I
16?:
L 15
MOTOR
OV(P)
FIGURE 17( a) : Remote Equipment: Schematic Temperature Probe Circuit
JI-7
JI-12 JI-II
+15V
-15V
OV (POWER)
+27V
-20V'
OV (SIGNAL)
TEMP OIP
THERMISTOR
SHIELD
t"T COMMAND
T COMMAND
2 JI
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
LA)
0\
I
r--
I" RED
"' +15V
2 " YELLOW
" -15V
OV (POWER) 3 "'
D. BROWN
+ 27V 4 GREEN
-20V 5 " ORANGE
OV (SIGNAL) 6 " L.BROWN
TEMP OIP 7 " VIOLET
,.... B " [ 1 9 /
"' !a,
THERMISTOR
SHIELD 10~ -t.T COMMAND II"
f COMMAND 12 "
-JI VON :5P
POTENTIOMETER -MOTOR
;: ;: +1--
..... u u u U II>
~ L-
REDI WHITE
ORANGE I WHITE
;: ;: > > II> I ..... ::!; ::!; I u u o t- O U N N U
I + Ir W ~ ;:
-15V 0 Cl.
+15V P .C. BOARD (DWG . B - D-56-IA) SIG.COM .
0 ..J
THERMISTOR w :r --- II>
~
FIGURE 17(b): Remote Equipment: Schematic Deck 2
15 __ I-
it I I
6 J.!~ I
~+7 I I I I
L, I I 1
~:
1\ T
RLI SIEMENS V23003(OR 7)-
B0037- BIIO
w -.;j
- 38 -
of a VCO, it would be overdriven and its output frequency might fall within
an adjacent channel allocation thus causing interference and making the
adjacent channel useless for data transmission.
To avoid this interference problem a set of 13 limiters
(Figure 18), one for each VCO, is used to ensure that the veos are not sub
jected to input signals larger than ±4.2 volts, a value below which channel
overlapping does not occur. Zener diodes Dl and D2 are connected to produce
approximately -3.5 volts and +3.5 volts, respectively. Terminals 1 through
13 (14 is spare) are connected to the inputs of their respective VCOs, which
are connected in turn to the outputs of the assigned sensor amplifiers and
conditioners. If the voltage on terminal 1, for example, tends to exceed
+3.5 volts, D4 conducts, and in conjunction with D2 prevents the voltage
from increasing beyond +4.2 volts. Should the voltage on terminal 1 tend to
exceed 3.5 volts negative, D3 conducts and, with Dl, limits the voltage to
-4.2 volts. Current from the sensor amplifier is limited at the amplifier
to less than 20 rnA.
It should be noted that when the input voltage applied to
a limiter is within the range of ±3.5 volts, the limiter has no loading
effect on the input since D3 and D4, for example, are both reverse-biased
for this particular input condition.
4.12 Voltage-Controlled-Oscillators
A voltage-controlled-oscillator (veo) is an oscillator whose
output frequency is determined by the amplitude of a control voltage input.
Generally a linear relationship exists between the output frequency and the
input voltage. Thus a VCO is a linear frequency modulator. Changes in the
input voltage are encoded as changes in the output frequency. Signals from
many sensors may be frequency-division-multiplexed by using different centre
frequencies.
The 13 Sonex type 3005/BR VCOs in the remote equipment
(Figures 5 and 6), operating on IRIG proportional-bandwidth channels 1
2 3 4 ,
-20 Volts 0
A >R2 5.6K l.W 4 -3,5 V
,~ " ,
" " " , ,r ,
" " V , " " DI D3 D5 D7 D9 DII DI3 DI5 DI7 DI9 D21 D23 D25 D27 D29
IN747A
r, .-- - ~ - f-- - - - - - - - - -, "
, ,r " " ,r ,r ,r , ,
" " " " ~2 04 D6 D8 010 DI2 DI4 DI6 DI8 D20 D22 D24 D26 D28 D30 1N747A
+3.5 V
~~~8K ( ( ( ( (
..LW I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 4
D3 - D30 ARE IN4447
)
+ 27 Volts
8 BEDFORD INSTITUTE
DARTMOUTH NOVA SCOTIA
lTTLE
SCHEMATIC VCO INPUT LIMITERS
DRN. ART COSGROVE I ENG. IJ 7-;~ DATE 23-9-71 I DRAWING N2 8-8-17-51
2 3 4
FIGURE 18: Remote Equipment: Schematic, veo Input Limiters
A
8
W \0
- 40 -
through 12 and channel 14, contain an internal relay which allows the
control circuitry (tigure 6) to apply d.c. calibration voltages to the VCO
inputs. The full-scale frequency deviation is ±7.5% of the centre frequency
for each channel ~Table 1). Any 5-volt input range between -5 volts and
+5 volts may be Jsed to produce this deviation. External adjustments are
provided so thrt/lthe deviation sensi ti vi ty and the centre frequency may be
preset to desir~ld values. Input resistance is nominally 750 krl, and power
consumption is /9 mA at 28 volts d. c.
I ' Linearity of the voltage-to-frequency characteristic is ,
generally exp~essed as the percentage departure of the actual transfer charac-
teristic from/the best straight line approximation to the characteristic. For
the TEX-3005/BR the linear:..ty is specified as ±0.25%.
The output network of the VCO may be considered as a voltage
source externally adjustabJe from zero to 3.5 volts rms in series with a
resistance of 47 krl. The recommended load is 8 krl, but values much lower or
higher than this may be used. In the electronics package the outputs of the
13 VCOs are connected together to combine or multiplex the 13 signals onto
one line. Thus the load on anyone VCO is the parallel equivalent of the
output resistances of the other twelve or approximately 4 krl. The maximum
contribution to the output voltage by anyone VCO is 0.27 volts rms.
4.13 Modulation Control Amplifier
The modulation control amplifier (Fig. 5 and 6) is a variable
gain buffer amplifier which enables the amplitude of the modulation input
voltage to the telemetry transmitter to be set with one adjustment instead
of by individual adjustment of the 13 VCO output levels. The modulation
input amplitude controls the deviation of the transmitter output frequency.
'The amplifier is a Teledynamics Model 119lD wide-band ampli
fier. The amplifier has input and output impedance of 100 krl and 50 rl
respectively. The voltage gain is continuously adjustable from 1 to 20 by
means of an external control.
- 41 -
4.14 Telemetry Transmitter
A Nautel Model CDI02 VHF, FM telemetry transmitter (Nautical
Electronics Laboratories Ltd., 1970) operating at 228.0 MHz is used (Figures 5
and 6). The transmitter requires 90 mA from a 27-volt supply, produces typi
cally 0.3 watt rms power into a 50 0 resistive load, and is protected from
damage for all loads from open circuit to short circuit, i.e., any VSWR.
Input impedance at the modulation port is nominally 20 kO and the modulation
sensitivity is 140 kHz per volt. Modulation frequencies between 300 Hz and
30 kHz are accepted provided the maximum deviation is limited to 120 kHz.
The transmitter output is fed to the antenna via RG-8 50 coaxial cable.
The transmitter is mounted on Deck 6 of the remote equipment.
4.15 Interwiring on Deck 6 of the Electronics Package
The limiter circuits, VCOs, modulation amplifier, and tele
metry transmitter discussed above are shown interconnected in Figure 19, which
also shows the dc/dc converter and voltage regulators discussed in section 4.4.
The chassis of Deck 6 is used as the primary ground reference for the system.
In general, all ground or zero-volt wires from the other decks and circuits
in the electronics package use Deck 6 as a common zero-volt point. This
procedure minimizes interaction between circuits resulting from common
impedances in the power and signal return lines.
4.16 Antennas
The receiving and transmitting antennas used with the remote
equipment are both six-element yagis with a directional gain of 9 dB and a
nominal impedance of 50 ohms. The receiving antenna is a Sinclair type 307,
the transmitting antenna, type 206-EB (Sinclair Radio Laboratories, 1969).
The antennas are mounted on the instrument mast in a manner which allows
them to be easily directed at the shore station.
In the 1970 field season the antennas were employed in the
vertically polarized mode. There is, however, evidence which indicates that
improved signal-to-noise ratio may be achieved using horizontal polarization
because much man-made eJectrical noise tends to be polarized more strongly
A ~J>
""""NO" Da·I..~
z
~ I j j i i ~ i j i ~ .1 ... I.! 1"1~1''''iI.;;P t:S~'~z~~~'~!~ ~.6,~(~.~ol·
~~v=~~~9 ~~~~g JI,~>~~~gt ~o~~~oio~o~o~o~o~o!o~o~o8
ii;;iiiiiiiiiifttiiiiiiiiJ
3
II II II II :7Iflrlllrlrlll[I[lm~~f:I~~~~ I~ '-.J!o "oJ.- ~.Jl "J& .. ..I~ 6.,.110 Eo';11 ",.lIt ~ II = II ~~ II 'i::':':' II = ~I 'i*~ I ~":"; ~ ~ rFl ~ rP1 II ~ ,..+;71 -=-
,~--... ~~ .....r:::E:
..
A
~.J'1lI 6.,11' = .. .,J'. ~ <- <--.- -.-
" '~§l~'~~ CJ~ '-~6
~ '-YeO
IB
c
o
yeo .00 .<0 ·vco N"P\.,"'1fll
~.o COl_I' c:._,t c"""," ,I. T1!\..'I!:-~IC. .., 11"10
...cO "CO 'VCo ,",CO ... co veo ... co c_ ' c_ .t c:_"" ~ C:_ ... e .. _ ~ c ...... ~ c ... _ T c: .. _'t
~:~. +Z7 .. " ·"Y -nlj-- :1 'n.n"_VI-4F TR"' .... tIoMITT!:.R
LX« COHV£RT'E~ T_~"Il"
.. ,!:OILC.=~~CD ~iv.. --r
":~
VOl..TI>.GE REGUL .... TQR'!I CIRC.UIT C~o
rE>J4 O'IODI~
~~.....,.. 50tl. ,. ".J~ ~
o_,.~ NHJTIC"",- II:"\.£CTROWC'5
'----------------~ ••• 2'~ .....
:~lrI f'l~
ffn Irm tTTn
.J...
!l.!!o ,
NOTES
FOR ""n.'E:Me~'( S~E OWG o·a-n-S .... 'B
FO" VOLT""GoC' "'IlGu'-.... ~". c •• eVIT C.-.AO 1!oC ... e:M .... T1C:; ~a.a. OWG o-'&·r'7-~ .
& ..... LL Vc05 ARE SON':')!. .,.,,~ TI!.K·300~e.R c ........... 1I.1.. '"TO It. ~ ,. CI"~
• PI ... FUtotCT,()N~:
~ .. -, ~ .. ~ .. "' ... 4 ,
".''fIX. -...c:. CJ04 ...... 1"\I1" ........... TU,.1l·O'I'~.C. ~ I OUT~
~I"'I~."'~ ~"'4 ~ -. .. ..... ~~ _ .. c; ...... ,GIIlO\.WO
"'''' l' .n. VDC .8 ~~~~ I!!!!!!!!!:!~::~~~l:::~:!ll ""'" . ~ ..
~w .. (t .. v •• '1'.., ....... ~.~N«1 ..... c:.I'..51!.~
"'G~.'" + le..,ac CAL COo*<\I'MD ::.:=
c
!il II; ~:~:~~t:~::~ ~~~S~~~ ~~~~fi!~~~~~~~~~; tt~'~~~ 2~~~~~~~~·~~g~»9 vv'otfO I·· ... ~;';'iOOOOO
1 - -- _ ...... 10 111\.1 AIR 'SEA. INTER#fio.CTION
TELEMETR~ ~"S~~H
~CH£M ••• :TlC OECI4 6 e 1~1'111 A,DO~D ':'UP"Io.l4 C C;: ... ,1'
_AoOIW.-..4
'" ... .....,-; .. - !\-..o.I .... ,. ....... __ ,._ .
~~~<ol~'t.~J,.~~~ · · ..... ........ D-B-I1- I~
.... • !I"'eo '"10
J.:'e:,",I~'t><
z 3 ..
FIGURE 19: Remote Equipment: Schematic Deck 6
+="" I\)
- 43 -
vertically than horizontally. If planned tests support this evidence the
system will use horizontally polarized antennas in future.
4.17 Command Receiver
The command receiver used in the remote equipment is a TRF
Model RU-104G. It is a miniaturized, fixed tuned (465.2 MHz), single con
version type capable of receiving frequency modulated signals. The output
level is typically 1 volt rms into 1000 ohms for an input signal with
±150 kHz deviation. The upper and 10wl~r 3 dB frequencies of the receiver
output are typically 50 kHz and 200 Hz. Po~er consumption is 1.4 watts at
28 volts.
l~ .18 Detectors
Two detectors are used to convert the tone-burst output of
the command receiver to voltage pulses. These are the turn-on detector and
the command detector, both of which are mounted on Deck 3 as indicated in
Figure 5 and have a common input.
4.18.1 Turn-On Detector
The turn-on detector (Figure 20) responds to a
2.3 kHz tone-input with an amplitude of 100 mV ±6 dB and produces a 27-volt
output level 3 seconds ±l sec after application of the input. The output
is used to set the latching, turn-on relay thus putting the system in the
active mode. The fact that an input must be present for 3 seconds prior to
an output arriving ensures that the system will not be inadvertently placed
in the aotive mode by receiver output noise.
The desired input frequency is selected by FL1,
a bandpass filter with 2.3 kHz centre frequency and a 0.35 kHz 3-dB band
width. The approximate matching and insertion loss of FLl is 10 dB. Thus,
with 100 mV rms input, 30 mV rms is available at the base of Ql which is
a common-emitter amplifier with emitter-feedbacy- giving a voltage gain of
approximately 90.
Transistors Q2 and Q3 form a detector with a
threshold preset by R4 and R6 which hold the d.c. voltage of Q3 base at
A
-
B
1 I 2 I
R7 10K
3 I 4
• • , , 4 ~ " , • w." , , , ~ + 2 7 VOLTS
..J.! t 'CI 01 47 ... F IN9G.S sSt
R2 ~ IR~ ~RG 210K 10K 22K 410K
~
~+---4 8"" (IOOHv l RI +
10K. FILTER CO;;
I>-JPUT 4 .'22 ... F (TURN-ON -TONE FlI ~'/ TONE FRat'! 2 3 REC.EIVER) 0 0
RII 27K
RI2 47K
RI3 ~R14 2·2K "l' 5G.,,-
NOTES:
\. ALL RESISTORS ..... REo !l4 w , ~ %
'2. FILTER IS UTe No MNF -2-3
:e.. VOLT"" IN BRI>\CKETS ) "'-RE RM~ SIGN .... \.. YOLTJ>..GES. OTHER VOLTA.GES ..... Re
O. C. CONDITIONS.
4. .....LL C"'-F' ..... CITORS ARE POL ..... RI'ZEO
T ..... NT ..... LUM .'( PE S _
1 I 2
R15.J! 41K"C4
3~F' 3'5"
T
RIO 4 10.11.
R9
2115823 ~RB k;
IOK as
> 22K -fr CG
RIG b·8K
kK!2Q4
~N"',,!
, 1~.f48
3
RII 10K
....,.. 47 ... F 3O;;V OUTPUT
3
"XD3 ~IN43BS
RIB ::30.ll.
2
"TO TURN -ON RELA"Y
o VOLTS
B 124-(,-'11 I Q4. wl'oS 20./31.44
p,..,
L"TR
24-APR.I\...
,q'JO
O""'TE
Q4 ............ '2l '2.N~~&5. NO'TE 2. W' ... ~ t-'\"'F' .. 3-9 '30 "w"'~ 28" ...... ODED """"'" 4-
~~VI"\O"'"
BEDFORD INSTITUTE DAR'l!MOUTH NOVA sconA
TI11.E AIR -SEA INTERACTION
TELEMETR,( SYSTEM SCHEMATIC, TURN-ON DETE.CTOR
DAN. _717""" I 5C""LE NON~
DATE 27 FEB 1970 II ;. ~, ;_.r~_
DRAWING Nil B - B- \ 7- 33
4
FIGURE 20: Remote Equipment: Schematic Turn-on Detector
• - .
A
-I='" ~
-I='"
B
- 45 -
0.6 volt above that at Q2 base. The result is that Q3 is at cutoff for input
signals less than approximately 25 mY. For input signals between 50 mVand
200 mY, Q3 conducts on each half cycle and its collector-current pulses are
averaged by a low-pass filter made up of c4 and R15. The collector-current
of Q3 and values of c4 and R15 are selected so that the voltage across c4 rises to +3.5 volts in approximately 3 seconds. When the voltage across c4 reaches +3.5 volts, Q4 conducts causing Q5 to saturate and produce a +27 volt
output which sets the turn-on relay.
4.18.2 Command Detector
The command detector (Figure 21) is very similar
to the turn-on detector. The input filter has a centre frequency of 3.9 kHz
to match the command tone, and a 3 dB bandwidth of 0.59 kHz. The time
constant of the low-pass filter (c4, R15) has been selected to suit the
tone-burst repetition rate (10 Hz) generated by the telephone dial on the
shore station command encoder. The resulting detected output at Q5 collector
is a sequence of 27 volt pulses. If, for example, the number '6' had been
dialed at the shore station the sequence would contain six pulses. When
the number '0' is dialed, the sequence contains ten pulses. The output of
the command detector operates the nonlatching command relay
4.19 Interconnections on Deck 3 of the Electronics Package
A schematic diagram showing the interconnection of the
telemetry receiver and detectors discussed above, the wave staff electronics
circuit, and the main regulators is presented in Figure 22.
4.20 Control Circuitry
The function of the control circuitry (Figure 6) is to inter
pret and act on the outputs of the detectors. The output of the turn-on
detector is merely used to operate the turn-on relay in the control circuit,
but the output of the command detector must be decoded before it can be useful.
4.20.1 Command Organization
All commands, except the turn-on and turn-off
commands, are represented by a t,w-digi t number ~ which is normally dialed
from the command encoder at the shore station. The turn-on command requires
A
B
1
I~ . '! v
..
2
R, 10 k
Reo CI .01 ~7",F hN~'~ ~!\"
~ I'~~ ~4"101<.
\IOO"W) RI I 10K. FIL,.ER
INPuT 4 (I COMMAND-,ONE FLI 'tNPUT FRO..... 2.3 RECEIVER)
NOTES:
RII 271<.
RI2 4,K
ALL RESISTORS P-.RE \/4 W. 5 %
FILTER \5 UTC No MNF-3·9
I.
2.
3. VOLT~ IN BRAC.KETS ) A.I<?E. RM5 5IGN ..... L
VOL ...... GES. OTHER \JOLT ..... GES ..... RE
D.C. C~OITIONS.
4 . ALL C ..... PACITOR5 ""RE POLt>-I<?I7.EO
TA.NT .... LUM T(PE"5.
1 2
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C4-I"F I ~"
.. C5 ~f
3
02. 1>14447
3
Rn
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<-
RIO lOA
CEo
+
47 ... F 3~1I
--0 3
O-:!. \N~~5o:.
I
~ .... iRIS :l 2-
B 14-'-10
Z4 A.
4
+ 27 VOLTS
A
OUTPuT TO COM M "'NO RELAY
o VOLTS
~7 ....., .... ~ 4·1k I c..5 ""' ... ~ o.22.,-..,C:
~4 "" ...... ZN'!~"S· ~~L 30" wA,-e, 2& v. ADDEO ..... OT~ 4
L.TR O"TE REV I '!!> I 0'-1 I B BEDFORD INSTITUTE
DARTMOIITH NOVA SCOTIA
TITLE AIR - SEA INTERACTIObt
TELEMETRY SYSTE.M SCHEMATIC, COMMA-NO DETECTOR
DIIN. ~ ""...-4. SCALE: ,""O",E
DATE 2~ FE.B 19,0 ::l7~
DRAWING Nil B - 5 - '7 - 3 I
4
FIGURE 21: Remote Equipment: Schematic Command Detector
~
+:"' 0\
......
A 3B
C.t:I>.NNON De Z50P
r--+ Z7 "~,, •• Iflt:.I'lEC I
O/Pc.C»1I"\Jot1,O~ t OVOLT'!:o ,
O/P TUKW t .... PI.,e,E 4 • 27 VOL'~ O.C 5
J COM"'~O . "uRNoO~ ,
·2.7 "OL~ DC :> f----J .. 27 vO\..."\'"'!. (co-.;~R\
~ 34 .... OL'~(CO .... e.R) '0
.. '3G. ""O~T':'- II
~ER)~R"'fJt£'T\AlI:l CO .... ~R '-'0-"'1'& RC'1'lJf:\I, .3
+Z~·~ \I ~e.CioI..llJrQ"J!r .4
......, ... " .. ~T"'''F 3"'.......... 1~ "" ....... I!. I-fT OV'TPVT
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4"zl
WAVE STAFF ELECTRONICS C\RC.urr CARO
c- B-17 - 47
2 3 4
+2.1 SWrTCMUl 4 ou-<PVT
o ¥OI..T"io ~ COMMANO TONE DETEC.TOR INPI. . .rr
I CIRCUIT C.-...RD
INPUT I
o "OL"~ 2 TURN.ON TONE DETEC.TOR. ""'''''' .Z7.JOC..'nIo : CIRCUIT C ..... RO
,P2 eENOI-K
DC:X::)P."·1S
r::o - FM
-t<! RECEIVER NOTE.'5: q! J2 TRF INCOR~OR ..... TED I. FOR A.S5EMBL""1 SEE owe; De \-:'- 5 .... ~
=t:;: SPRINGF'I~LD "IRGIN'''' COMM""ND TONE DETEC.T"oR 5C,HEM,:o..,."TIC MOO~I... RU - I04!G Z FOR '-----t2 _ ","~.:a. ""'M~ S,.E Ow"" B-e.-I"7-.oI.
RECE.IVER C :n 3 FOR TURN-ON 'Tc::>t--IE DETEC.ToR SCHEM,...",C A.I'--ITEto..IN""
SEE. D"'''' B-B-17-~3.
4_ CONNECTl0fl.l5 TO J2. ON RE<.EI'IEIi:':
PIN 1 +Z2. vDC. TO + 3<0 VDC.
z 3 ZERo VOLT5
0, "OLT~ A-I
5 SIGi.N~ STRENGoTH + 2.7 VOLT<;:, • 27 VOLT G N{C
a-.Tn'RY + ~'"- VOL"~ , REGUL,,"-TOR oF':. ., ouTPuT
',;., e..t>..TTERY RE,uRN "'-
6-8-17-45 A. ~17/517'.1""ODEO ~EC."'" E R 01 p Ttl ~~()
LTR ~TE REV\5.ION
BEDFORD INSTITUTE DMIT1IOUTH --- NOVA SCOnA "Z7 VOL"T~ (COVER) 6
mu AIR- SEA INTERA.CTION "8" eAT'm':1 + % VOLT':) (COVER') 7 27 VOLT (COVER) TELEMETRY S""'STEM
.,; SJro.."TTt:;RY R:E"'lU~ e REGUL .... TOR "s" ~CHEMA.TIC _ DECK :. (CQ'\l~R)VO\..~ R:ETV~ 5
DIM. lIJCGIJt'T---. sc.o..u=: . .-....aONE
MTE .2. 1="E.1!o 1'370 /:-~
DMWING .. t c- B-17-IO
2 3 A
FIGURE 22: Remote Equipment: Schematic Deck 3
A
B
c
-
D
+:---,J
- 48 -
approximately three seconds to be sensed (Section 4.18.1) and is executed
by operating a pushbutton switch on the command encoder. The turn-off
command is a single '0' digit. Operation of the command encoder is detailed
in Section 5.1 of this report.
The total number of commands used in the telemetry
system and the function of each command were dictated by the requirements
of the various sensors which were to be placed on the platform. An inter
pretation of these requirements led to the list of commands presented in
Table 3.
4.20.2 Command Decoding
The basic command decoding is accomplished by
the use of a rotary stepper switch, associated latching relays and control
circuits.
A rotary stepper switch is a mechanism consisting
of one or more wiping contacts carried by a common shaft which is rotated
by a unidirectional ratchet and pawl. The ratchet and pawl are actuated
by an electromagnet (solenoid) in response to momentary current pulses.
While a current pulse is present the solenoid is energized and the pawl
is cocked. At the instant the pulse ends the solenoid de-energizes and
releases the pawl, which, with the aid of spring tension, rotates the ratchet
and shaft ahead one step. The wiping contact thus moves from one fixed con
tact to the adjacent one and its position is controlled by the number of
pulses to the solenoid.
The stepping switch used in the remote equipment
is an Automatic Electric Type 88 consisting of 10 decks or levelS each with
11 fixed contacts. The eleventh contact is known as the rest or home contact.
To establish a fixed starting point for the wiping contact the stepper switch
must be returned to the home position after each group of solenoid drive pulses
has occurred.
Utilizing one stepper switch to decode a two-digit
number involves certain requirements. The first and second digits must be
somehow distinguishable from one another. On the first digit, one of ten
choices is available (only one of seven is being utilized in the present
•
•
- 49 -
system). This choice must be sensed and remembered. A magnetically biased
latching relay, one of seven relays referred to as bank relays~ is used to
remember the first-digit choice. One of ten choices is then available to
the second digit. The choice must be again sensed and stored . This is
accomplished using a second latching relay, one of a number of relays
associated with each bank relay and known as selection relays.
Two additional decoder requirements are necessary:
(a) The bank relay which stores the current first-digit choice should
be reset after the second-digit choice is completed.
(b) The selection relay which stores the previous second-digit choice
should be reset whenever a subsequent first-digit choice is made in
the same bank.
Ambiguity will result if more than one bank relay, or more than one selection
relay associated with any bank relay, is set.
4.20.2.1 Details of Decoding
The circuitry which performs command
decoding is shown as part of Figure 23. Whenever a turn-on command is given,
the output of the turn-on detector, appearing at J3-14, sets relay K13 thus
supplying +27 volts to the various circuits in the command decoding circuitry
(Figure 23) and to the rest of the remote equipment. All relays in Figure 23
are shown in the rest or reset position. Pins 2 and 4 of all relays are at
zero volts. For the latching relays, pin 1 is the set terminal and pin 3 is
the reset terminal.
Output pulses from the command detector
are connected via J3-1B to the actuating coil of K15, the command relay.
Contacts 6 and 7 of K15 supply 27 volt pulses to the solenoid or actuating
coil of the stepper switch via D9 and the stepper's interrupter contacts
and also via R21. The current supplied via D9 (approximately 1 ampere)
flows until the solenoid operates causing the interrupter contacts to open.
When the interrupter contacts open, R21 supplies the solenoid holding cur
rent (0.3 ampere) which is significantly less than the actuating current.
When K15 is de-energized, so also is the stepper coil, and the interrupter
contacts close.
TABLE 3
Command Directory for the Telemetry System
• COMMAND FUNCTION
Depress tur-a-on Places remote equipment in the aative condition sw~ tch and hold for from the standby condition. approximately 3 sec.
n Applies - 6.67 Vdc offset to T.A.* amplifier 1. 12 11 5.00 Vdc 11 " " " 1. -13 11 - 3.33 Vdc 11 11 " " 1. 14 " 1. 67 Vdc 11 11 11 11 1. 15 11 0.00 Vdc " 11 " 11 1. 16 11 + 1.67 Vdc " " " " 1. 17 " + 3.33 Vdc 11 11 11 11 1. 18 " + 5.00 Vdc 11 11 I' 11 1. 19 " + 6.67 Vdc 11 11 II " 1.
21 Applies - 6.67 Vdc offset to T.A. Amplifier 2. 22 11 5.00 Vdc 11 11 11 " 2. -23 11 3.33 Vdc " 11 11 11 2. -24 11 1.67 Vdc 11 " 11 " 2. 25 " 0.00 Vdc 11 11 11 11 2. 26 11 + 1.67 Vdc 11 11 11 " 2. 27 " + 3.33 Vdc " " " " 2. 28 " + 5.00 Vdc " " " " 2. 29 " + 6.67 Vdc 11 " " " 2.
31 Applies - 6.67 Vdc offset to T.A. amplifier 3. 32 11 5.00 Vdc 11 11 " " 3. -33 " 3.33 Vdc 11 11 11 11 3. -34 11 1.67 Vdc " 11 11 11 3. 35 " 0.00 Vdc " 11 " " 3. 36 " + 1.67 Vdc " 11 " 11 3. 37 " + 3.33 Vdc " 11 " 11 3. 38 11 + 5.00 Vdc 11 " " 11 3. 39 " + 6.67 Vdc " 11 11 11 3.
40 Sets gain of T.A. amplifiers 1,2 and 3 to 12.5, 12.5 and 62.5.
41 " " " " " 1, 2 and 3 to 25, 25 and 125.
42 " " " " " 1, 2 and 3 to 50, 50 and 250.
43 " " " 11 " 1, 2 and 3 to 100, 100 and 500.
*TA - ~brust Anemometer
•
Table 3 continued
COMMAND
50
51
60 61
71
72
73
70
80-89
90-99
o
- 51 -
FUNCTION
Simulates zero wind conditions by causing thrust anemometer to be covered and by disconnecting the outputs of the Aerovane anemometer. Also causes temperature probe to be covered and produce an output corresponding to the average temperature.
Normal operating mode; thrust anemometer exposed to wind, Aerovane outputs connected; temperature probe uncovered, measuring temperature fluctuations.
Sets Aerovane full scale range to ±21.2 m/sec. " " " " "" ±42.4 m/sec.
Applies zero volts to the input of all data veos as a centre frequency calibration input.
Applies +2.50 V d.c. to the input of all data veos as an upper band-edge calibration input.
Applies -2.50 V d.c. to the input of all data veos as a lower band-edge calibration input.
Returns system to normal operation from calibrate condition.
Not used.
Not used.
Returns remote equipment to standby mode from active mode.
- 52-
Relays Kl through K7 are known as
the bank relays, while K8 through K12 are several of the selection relays.
The command outputs from Jl and J2 are used to operate the 20 remaining
selection relays on decks 2 and 5 of the electronics package.
Relay K16 is the digit relay which
is set after the first digit and reset after the second digit of each com
mand. The select-follower relay~ K17, is set on the second digit of every
command and serves to indicate that a selection has been made. After each
digit is decoded, the home relay, K14, is set and in conjunction with the
homing cam and interrupter contacts enables the stepper switch to advance
to the home position ready for the next digit. The wiping contacts of all
decks of the stepper switch, labelled SlB through SlJ in Figure 23, are on
a common shaft with the homing cam.
4.20.2.2 Relay Control Circuit
When the stepper switch has advanced
to a particular point in response to a dialed digit, the relay control cir
cuit (RCC) (Figure 24) generates three 27-volt control pulses, Cl, C2 and C3
(Figure 25) which are used to set and reset various relays.
If a 21-volt step is applied to the
input of the RCC, the combination of Rl, R2, and capacitor Cl produces a
characteristic exponential voltage at the base of Ql. Transistors Ql and
Q2 form an emitter-coupled Schmitt trigger circuit with an upper threshold
of 4.5 volts. The voltage across Cl reaches 4.5 volts in approximately
120 msec, and operates the Schfiii tt trigger. 'I'he voltage change across R15
is differentiated by C2 and R7 and shaped by Q3 to produce a collector cur
rent pulse approximately 30 msec wide. Transistors Q4 and Q5 form an output
amplifier capable of delivering a one-ampere, 30-msec pulse.
The circuitry in the RCC which generates
C2 and C3 is identical to that described above for Cl except for the value
of the delay times determined by R16, R17 and C3 and by R31, R32 and C5.
..
,'I -.4. 4 ,
'"
,~ -e.1 eo e.le
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~ I "
., I II
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~ ., ....... w. ~ •• '., fle.'-A"fS - ;all'
",
510
.JZ CAN .... ON O&Z~ ..
.. _ Co'. 00
~
.....
I·"
~ • •
T~ -----....-,.-0!2-.,
III ..
THRU~T
ANEMOM~Tt!.R; COVER CONTROL.
. .!!-,
......... ..... ,. ~~ -o'~-
::H ~'. I
- 53 -
~ I 'Tr
1& I II
.~
"... , • •
.. 7 1001<.
-'5
5
~ ,
I~~I
--r~
~4 , 8',-
" K4 t
• •
R'O Sll~
..
W,....,5 M!i'6HT $15 . LevI.&..· ~HIF'TE~
, ..
+"21V ~ITCHeo
, . n
EYELETS
I ,0 ,.
~" ,. I
---~" r--_~.
56 Pt.~CES
ON C-B-17-+5
, T !~
~~ .. , t"
~II,' I 0 ••
07 'N4,a~
5'
~..2-,
FIGURE 23: Remote· Equipment: Schematic . Command Decoding Circuitry
-.. "'0 ~I ..
o 0 .: , · · · . • .. '
. .... , 1
~~ ol!-.
~ a,.
~ , ...
~ TURN-ON,
~IJ
_ TO RELpr..~ P\N~ 4" 'Z.
.
0/0
> cl " > .. 0
.. I~a , . .........- .
I Ol~ 0," I
~" I"
" ~,. I .I~ , -*.;: • T'O ~ ,
I . ....,..... . . .7 7
, I
] , 1<.'<' .. , K'7
• • • t
L- CIGIT S.E~ECi Ft)\..\..Owtt.R: ..
" u .. RELAY CON,.ROL CIRCUIT C"'RQ
C-B-17-SA 3(.
A
B
c
o
, .. P\IT
C. .",,1~4
•
QEL""" 5C).lMITT I P\.lL'SE I PULSE 'TRlGGE'R GENEA .... TOF1 AML1FIER
r-c.
1;'-1&44' ., .•. ., .... .. '"
.. " .. ~" '00 1· ... 1~.
. :©_~I ,~. ~ ..... CI If~
', .. , 4701; ,.., "" fl'
,-...
2
~~ ...
c. ... ' lOV
CONTROL PUL~E.
CI
NOTES:
,trr..LL RESISTORS A..RE "'" VI 5 "Y. ,
2 . R\ Rita ........ 0 R~I Itro.R!E '$EL~CTe.o ON. "l""I!.'5T TO ~N~UfltE
,-H ..... "T CONTROL. PUL.~ 00 NaT' O'IJER\....I'o..P ......... 0 T\ot#Io.."T
OE:L""Y~ ARE ,,~ INOC"'TEO 1!o~\.OW : CNO"",04ItroU."'f)
... "~ ; ·~lMPUT . . .,' , ,
r-
--, In .... ll .LM~.m
tao ,..,~, ... c:
el
ez
C&
2
. .. 'PK
FIGURE 24: Remote Equipment:
co .,t.' -.. . .u ... . .. .,.
•
Rt7 '·1"
3
r-
..' . .. ... w., .. .
"-'IC.
.u ,.!"
•
4
+17 VO\:t~
:::.rtJ ~ ...
'''(0;
.. . -ffi~ ~K .!'~:~~I
.~~
~.~ ~~~:~~ Ii cs
.~ 10'
CONTROL PULS~
CZ
3
... .. ,. ... ..
:~ i:,: ........ ... I
o VOL'"
CONTROL PU~E
CTo
mu "'tR ~ SE" IN"TER,Qrr."CTION TELEMI!TR';' 5Y5TEM
OCt<EM"'TIC. REL .... .,. CONTROL
-.. M1t"~ ~ .. \.c ' NOWe:
Ill'll '4 Fca 1'!t'lO
__ u C-B-17-~5
4
Schematic Relay Control Circuit (RCe)
A
IB
I- V1 V1
tc
o
- 56 -
4.20.2.3 Decoding a Typical Command
To analyze the complete decoding pro
cess it is helpful to examine, step-by-step, the operations which are neces
sary to decode command 36, a typical command. In the following sequence all
circui t references are to Figure 23. Idealized waveforms occurring at
several points in Figure 23 during the decoding of command 36 are indicated
in Figure 25.
(a) A burst of three 27-volt pulses, nominally 50 msec wide with prf
of 10 Hz, appears at K15-1. K15 is thus energized and de-energized
three times.
(b) The stepper switch responds to the three 27-volt pulses produced
at K15-7 and stops at position 3.
(c) When the stepper moves off its home position, i.e., on the trailing
edge of the first pulse from K15, 27 volts is applied to K15-8 and
K14-6. Thus, the input to the RCC from K15-9 is the inverted form
of the signal at K15-7.
(d) The 10 Hz pulses are too narrow to operate the RCC. However, after
the third pulse has ended K15 is at rest and a +27 volt level is
present at the RCC input.
(e) Approximately 120 msec after the third pulse ends, control pulse Cl
is produced by the ReC. This pulse is routed via K16-8 and resets
the select follower relay if it is not already reset. In addition,
Cl is routed via SlJ-3 to set bank relay K3 and via J2-10 to reset
any selection rel8\}'" in bank 3 which was previously set.
(f) Approximately 40 msec later, C2 is generated and routed via K3-9
and K3-10 to set K16. the digit relay.
(g) Approximately 40 msec later, C3 is produced and sets the home relay
K14. Since the stepper is off-home at this point, homing contacts 2
and 3 are closed. Thus +27 volts is available for the stepper
solenoid via K14-6, ~14-7, D8, and the stepper interrupter contacts.
The stepper switch operates in the self-interrupting mode until the
wiper is home. At this point, homing contacts 2 and 3 are opened
by the cam and the stepping action ceases. The home relay is reset
by the +27 volts now appearing at homing contact 1. The system is
now ready for the next digit. At this point K16 and K3 have been
set, Kl7 and all selection relays in bank 3 have been reset.
+27v ... nJUl~ __ ----U 100m, +27,
ruu ,~ . . ---- .+6.8v
I I I I
n+27V
... --------------------~ ,
n+27V" n --------------------~ ,~----------------------------~ ~--~-------
n+VV, n ______________________ ~ , __ -----------------------------J~--------HOMING TIME U HOMING TIME U
•
INPUT TO COMMAND RELAY KI5
INPUT TO RELAY CONTROL CIRCUIT
VOLTAGE WAVEFORM ACROSS CAPACITOR CI
C1
Cz
C3
CONTROL PULSES FROM RCC
FIGURE 25: Voltage Waveforms Pertaining to Figure 23 during the Decoding of Command 36
Vl ~
- 58 -
(h) When a 6 is dialed the stepper switch advances from home to position 6.
(i) Approximately 120 msec after the end of the sixth pulse, Cl is
generated and routed via K16-9, K16-10, K3-6, K3-7, SlD-6 and J2-6
to set the proper selection relay. Pulse Cl also sets the select
follower relay, K17.
(j) Approximately 40 msec later, C2 resets K3 via K3-l3 and K3-12.
(k) Approximately 40 msec later, C3 is generated and resets K16 via
K17-6 and K17-7. The home relay K14 is also set by C3 thus
initiating the homing cycle. The stepper advances the remaining
five steps to home and the system is ready for another command.
4.20.2.4 Decoding a Turn-Off Command
When a turn-off command (zero) is
dialed, the stepper advances to position 0 (ten steps). Control pulse Cl
resets K14, the turn-on relay, via K16-9, K16-8 and SlJ-O. Power is thus
turned off but the stepper is not yet in the home position. However, as
K14 resets, +27 volts is applied to the stepper coil via K14-l2, Kl4-ll, , homing contacts 5 and 6, and the interrupter contacts. The stepper advances
one position to home, the homing contacts open and the system is in the
standby mode.
4.20.2.5 Decoding Thrust Anemometer Amplifier Gain and Offset Commands
A schematic of the circuitry which
implements the changes in thrust anemometer gain and offset is shown in
Figure 26. Command outputs (27-volt pulses) from Jl and J2 on Deck 4 are
wired to Jl and J2 in Figure 26, while the thrust anemometer amplifier is
connected to J3 and J4. Reference to the amplifier schematic (Figure 10)
may be helpful in the following discussion. By applying +15 volts to J3-4,
-5, -6 or -7, negative offsets of magnitudes as indicated in Figure 10 and
Table 2 are obtained at the output of MI,P 1. Similarly by applying -15 volts,
positive offsets are obtained.
Relays Kl through K5 are associated
with AMP 1 only and are used to perform the final decoding of the second
..
•
•
- 61 -
digit of the offset commands. Offset-polarity decoding is accomplished
via Kl which receives a set pulse on pin 1 whenever a negative offset is
required, i.e., on commands 11, 12, 13 and 14. Relay Kl receives a reset
pulse on pin 4 whenever a positive offset is selected. In the set mode
Kl supplies K2-7, K3-7, K4-7 and K5-7 with +15 volts; in the reset mode,
wi th -15 volts.
Relays K2 through K5 perform the
fUnction of offset-magnitude decoding. Relay K5 is set when command 19
or command 11 is given, thus applying plus or minus 15 volts respectively
to J3-7. Similarly, K4 is set on command 18 or 12, K3 on command 17 or 13,
and K2 on command 16 or 14. \{hen zero offset is required none of the relays
are set and J3-5 is connected to zero volts via pins 9 and 8 of K4 through
K2 and via Rl. Offset control for JI.MP 1 and. AMP 3 is accomplished similarly
by use of K6 through KIO and Kll through K15 respectively.
Gain control of the three amplifiers
is accomplished using K1E, K17, Kl8 and Kl9, only one of which is set to
establish a particular gain. Recall from the discussion of the amplifier
schematic that the gain of all three amplifiers is changed simultaneously.
\{hen command LfO is given K16 is set and J3-B is connected. via K16-l2 and
-13 to J3-12 providing a gain of 12.5 for M{P 1. Other contacts on K16 set
the gain of AMP 2 and AMP 3 to _12.5 and 62.5 respectively.
Commands 41, 42 and 43 set K17, K18
and K19 respectively and establish the remaining gains for the three
amplifiers.
4.20.2.6 Decoding the VCO Calibration Commands
In Figure 23, selection relays Kll and
K12 implement the veo calibration commands. Both Kll and K12 are in the
reset mode when the yeO's are not being calibrated, i.e. when the system
is telemetering signals from the sensors.
To perform a veo calibration it is
necessary first of all to apply +27 volts to the relay inside each yeo.
- 62 -
This is accomplished when either Kll or K12 or both are set. The internal
VCO relay is used to select one of two VCO inputs, i.e. a signal from a
sensor amplifier, or reference voltage. The reference voltages are available
via contacts on Kll and K12.
In Figure 23, when either Kll or K12
is set, +27 volts is available on J3-11 and is used to operate the VCO
calibrate relays. Thus the VCO calibrate voltage on J3-12 is selected as
the input to all the veo's. This voltage is generated across R20. (Reference
to Figure 19 may be useful here.) If command 71, centre frequency, is
dialed both Kll and K12 are set by a pulse from SlH-l and the voltage across
R20 is zero. On command 72, upper band edge, Kll is set thus placing RIB,
R19 and R20 effectively in series across the +15.0 volt regulated supply.
The voltage across R20 is set to +2.500 volts ±0.005 volts by adjustment of
RIB. Relay K12 is set on command 72 thus connecting R16, R17 and R20 in
series and with R16 properly adjusted - 2.500 volts ±0.005 volts appears
across R20.
4.20.2.7 Decoding Other Commands
The Aerovane control relay, KIO in
Figure 23, is set by the pulse on SlG-l when command 61 is dialed and reset
by that on SlG-O when command 60 is dialed. Operation of the Aerovane
control was previously discussed in section 4.B.2.
The zero wind si~ulator relay, K9,
and the thrust anemometer cover control relay, KB, are both set by a pulse
on SlF-l when command 51 is dialed. Relay KB applies +27 volts to J2-1B
which causes the anemometer cover to open, while K9 connects the Aerovane
outputs on J3-6 and J3-7 to the Aerovane control circuit as discussed in
section 4.8.2. Command 50 resets K8 and K9 with a pulse on SlF-O.
At present there are no commands
allocated between 80 and 99 and there is no bank relay to accommodate an 8
or 9 when either of these digits are dialed as the first digit of a command.
It may be verified from Figure 23 that, except for the home relay, no change
results in the status of any relay in the remote equipment after an B or 9
has been dialed as a first digit.
•
•
•
•
- 63 -
4.21 Command Retransmit
The command readout unit in the shore equipment responds to
commands regenerated and telemetered by the remote equipment. Contacts 14,
15 and 16 on the command relay, K15 in Figure 23, supply +27 volts to Rl
each time the relay operates. The output voltage which appears across the
parallel combination of R3 and C3 and at J3-13 is nominally -2.5 volts when
K15 is at rest, and +2.5 volts when K15 is energized. Capacitor C3 filters
out the inevitable contact bounce. The command retransmit feature provides
an indication that commands are being detected properly, although it does
not check the operation of the stepping switch and relays.
4.22 Operation of the Remote Equipment from the Stable Platform
In cases where a failure occurs in the telemetry system, it
is important that service personnel visiting the stable platform have a means
of checking the operation of the remote equipment. Also, some means, apart
from the use of the complete telemetry system, of operating the remote equip
ment in the laboratory during testing and calibrating is necessary.
A test unit capable of generating the required turn-on pulse
and command pulses connects to the electronics package via a cable and an
8-pin connector. The unit also permits emergency voice communications over
the telemetry link. Several test points on the unit enable measurements of
critical signals and voltages in the electronics package to be made without
removing the cover of the package.
In the schematic of the test unit (Figure 27) the operative
contacts on the command dial are represented as S3. These contacts open and
close as numbers are dialed. Transistor Q3 functions as an inverter produc
ing 27-volt positive-going output pulses which are used to operate the
command relay in the electronics package .
The turn-on control, 82, provides 27 volts to operate the
turn-on relay. The remote equipment will respond to commands from the test
unit and from the telemetry link, but not simultaneously.
RI 4 .7K
01 IN965fl
OV
R2 lOOK
H ~pf .6f 4 .7K
n,
+1.. C4 ..l22fLf
35 Volts o Volts
R9
33 K
C5 .lfLF
, , DETAIL A
RIO 220 K
220pf
RII 10.!l
-, NORMALLY , CLOSED CONTACTS
S3 T 1
Lr'~<U RI3
6.6 K
TURN ON
+I C6 15fLF 35 Volts
CONTROL
II 3.2.!l :: 0 : : El SPEAKER II II TI
HAMMOND
() 0 ::0
3: ITI ()
3: ITI J> <: Z ITI 0 ::0
--t c:
-0 ::0 0 + c z c r --t N Vl 3: -0 I + -..I ITI 0 -0 C 0
Vi < Vl z X --t < Vi
ELECTRO OCEANICS 51F8M -1-- 4 6 7 2 6 5 3
TITLE
BEDFORD INSTITUTE DARTMOUTH NOVA SCOTIA
SCHEMATIC - TEST UNIT FOR AIR SEA INTERACTION
TELEMETRY SYSTEM
DRN. ART COSGROVE I ENG. ~"7-~ DATE NOV. 17. 1971
DRAWING N2 B- B - 17-50
FIGURE 27: Remote Equipment: Schematic Test Unit
.. •
.. ~
0\ +=""
..
•
- 65 -
An amplifier, comprised of IC2 and associated components,
is used to boost the command receiver output to a level sufficient to
operate a speaker, so that command tones and voice from the shore station
may be audible.
Integrated circuit ICl and associated components function
3.S an amplifier for the output of the microphone (MIC). The amplifier
output is coupled, via Sl, to the multiplex (MPX) line. This line carries
the 13 multiplexed tones and is the input to the modulation control ampli
fier (see Fig. 6). If 81 is in either of the 'ON' positions, the low out
put impedance of the microphone amplifier reduces the level of the multi
plexed signal to practically zero. The full deviation range of the telemetry
trans~~tter is then available to the voice signal from the microphone.
5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SHORE EQUIPHENT
The reader may wish to review the block diagram of the shore equip
ment (Figure 3) at this point. An interconnection diagram for individual
units making up the shore equipment is presented in Figure 28.
5.1 Command Encoding and Transmission
Except for the turn-on and turn-off commands, the various
commands as listed in Table 3 are encoded as two-digit n~bers which are
dialed on a telephone-type dial on the command. encoder (Figure 29). The
operative contacts on the dial are used to key a 3.9 kHz audio oscillator.
The dial contacts are normally closed and relay Kl is used to provide a
normally open contact pair which applies pulsed power to the 3.9 kHz veo as the dial returns to its rest position. During this period the dial con
tacts open and close a number of times corresponding to the digit dialed.
The mark-to-space ratio of the resulting tone bursts is nominally 1:1 with
a tone duration of approximately 50 msec.
The turn-on tone is generated by the 2.3 kHz VCO for as long
as power is applied to it via the turn-on switch. The output of both VCOs,
at a nominal level of 1.0 volt rIDS each, is fed to the command-tones input
- 66 -
ANTENNA
I
TELEMETRY TRANSMITTER
H ~t:> - '" 10 I I--
-0 II MOD.
""4
"'3 AUDIO PANEL
+28V ~2
OV ..nl --- MICROPHONE
~ +28 V COMMAND
TONE ENCODER
CHART 6 CHANNELS RECORDER OUT PATCH PANEL
13 ~ CHANNELS (~
~ COMP. B DISCRIMINATORS
COMMAND AGC
READOUT COMPo UNIT SIG.
(~ (~ (~
COM. COMPo MPX/REFERENCE DISCR
OUT COMBINER MPX.IN
(~
CH-I
r<JJ LINE -IN TAPE RECORDER CH-I LINE-OUT MICROPHONE
(~ AGCIOUT
S VIDEO TELEMETRY RF OUT RECEIVER IN ANTENNA
FIGURE 28: Shore Equipment: Interconnection Diagram
A
B
~
3A Hammond ~ 125v XI67M25
115v I IJ7K' .r----60Hz I
I I
o-------Y
2
1·5K~
to
100uf r-------~+I~r--------~
3 4
TURN ON ....I.... (
'\ .'. • ••• 1\/("('\
~22-0.A
~ ~ 1 100- 4·7K> 506K
220f\. }Jf
OA202~1 ~' I 2~~Al ! -f~fO
I ~ ·05}Jf t: 1 Kl IN759A
·75.1'\. = NOTE: VCO'S ARE Teledynamics
TYPE 1270 AL OR EQUIVALENT
506K
I - I - I
I I 13 I
12 I~I-.J-_J
..
A
JI BEDFORD INSTITUTE I B
2
Cannon DE - 95 TRANSMITTER
DRIVE
3
DARTMOUTH --- NOVA SCOTIA
mu
COMMAND ENCODER
I'!- ~ f'y:" ,_ ~,
DRAWING NI!
4
FIGURE 29: Shore Equipment: Schematic Command Encoder
0'. -:]
- 68 -
of the audio panel (Figure 29) via Jl-8 (Figure 28). The tones are buffered
in the audio panel by a unity-gain amplifier and then fed to the command
transmitter modulation-input.
The command encoder unit also contains a regulated 28 volt
d.c. power supply which is used to operate the VCOs, the command transmitter
and the audio panel. The total current drain on the power supply is
approximately 0.9 ampere.
The command transmitter is a TRF Model T-102 UHF, FM trans
mitter. The transmitter is fixed-tuned to 465.2 MHz, has an efficiency of
38% and an output power of 6 watts when driving a 50 ohm resistive load.
Deviation sensitivity at the modulation input is 8 kHz per volt. The trans
mitter is not protected from extremes of VSWR and thus should not be operated
without a suitable matched load (50 ohms). Normally, to reduce antenna feed
line losses the transmitter should be located as near as practicable to the
antenna. The loss in RG-8 cable is 12 dB per 100 metres at 465 MHz.
In operation the transmitter output is fed to a 50 ohm,
6-element, vertically polarized, yagi antenna, Sinclair type 306 (Sinclair
Radio Laboratories Limited, 1969). The antenna weighs 2 kg (4.4 lb), has a
maximum overall length of one metre and gives a directional gain of 9 dB
relative to a half-wave dipole.
5.2 Audio Panel
The audio panel (Figure 30) makes emergency voice communica
tions possible over the telemetry link and would normally be used only when
personnel were on the stable platforn:. The panel contains a microphone
amplifier and switch followed by a unity gain buffer amplifier which feeds
the modulation input of the command transmitter.
In addition the audio panel contains an amplifier and a
speaker which are connected to the output of the telemetry receiver and
enable an operator to monitor transmissions from the remote site.
_ A_
B
2
1.5 M
4.7 K 68PI
+28V
10K +15 V
0.11'-1
470 K
IN965B OV
OV .0011'-1
n~~ ~ ~ r330Pf
MULTIPLEX INPUT
N/C
OV
27K
OV
OFF -< ON
(MOM.)
HAMMOND 119 A
•
3 4
OV
+28V
r------------II~o 31 COMMAND TONES
4 I Tx MODULATION
TBI
BEDFORD INSTITUTE DARTMOUTH --- NOVA SCOTIA
-
SIGNAL I cd 1 ~;> ~~ RETURN 12 2 ALTEC
TBI 456B
TITLE AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM SCHEMATIC
AUDIO PANEL
OV DRN. ART COSGROVE ~ DATE MAY 12, 1972
DRAWING N!1 B - 8-17- 62
2 3 4
FIGURE 30: Shore Equipment: Schematic Audio Panel
A
B
0\ \0
- 70 -
5.3 Antenna and Telemetry Receiver
A six-element, vertically-polarized yagi antenna is employed
at the shore station as a receiving antenna. The antenna is a Sinclair
type 206-EB (Sinclair Radio Laboratories Ltd., 1969) manufactured for a
frequ~ncy of 228.0 MHz. The antenna feeds the receiver via a length of
RG-8/AU 50 ohm coaxial cable. As in the case of the transmitter the
feedline should be as short as practicable.
A tunable telemetry receiver .laS chosen for the shore station.
The receiver is an Astro Communications Laboratory Inc. type TR-I09 (ACL,
1969) designed to receive standard FM IRIG format in the 55 to 2300 MHz
frequency range, demodulate the FM carrier and supply the modulation data
to a demultiplexer or a recorder. A plug-in tuning head, ACL type TH-I02P,
covering the 216-260 llliz telemetry band completes the telemetry receiver.
The receiver will typically produce a 20 dB signal-to-noise ratio at an
output bandwidth of 50 kHz with 0.8 ~v RF input deviated ±100 kHz .
The modulation data output (1 volt rms into 75 ohns) and
the AGC output voltage (0 to -8 volts into 10 k~) are available at connectors
on the receiver rear panel. An integral low-pass output filter, with select
able cut-off frequencies of 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25 kHz, makes it possible to
control the final bandwidth of the receiver. The filter is normally operated
at 50 kHz bandwi dth.
5.4 Multiplex/Reference Combiner
The modulation data from the receiver is in IRIG propor
tional bandwidth, frequency-division-multiplexed format, and is normally
referred to as multiplexed tones or multiplexed information (MPX). This
signal is fed to the multiplexer/reference combiner where a 14.5 ¥~z ± 0.01%
sine wave signal is added to it prior to recording. The purpose of the
14.5 kHz reference frequency is to enable data reduction equipment at the
BIO computing centre to automatically compensate for differences in tape
speed between recording and playback.
The combiner (Figure 31) contains a 28-volt regulated power
supply, a 15 kHz low pass filter to reduce the system noise-bandwidth and
•
..
AI
B
2
IA
---;-~ HAMMOND I "" \JAr' 53899
115 Vac I ~ II~ 30Vac r-<"" ~ 40Vdc I
* I I I I I ] GE SH4D4
~
10K MPX INPUT~3
15KHz
-:-LOW PASS FILTER
UTC LPM- 15000
COMMAND DISCRIMINATOR DRIVE
2
15K
560fl?
10001 ,.,.1 -2NI480
1.5fl
4.7K '\1\1'1,
+ 28 Vdc
L 8
14.5 KHz
CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR ~ I SONEX TEX _ 3417 47K
2
3
2N3442 , \.....--.... j
+28 Vdc
TELE - DYNAMICS
11910
AMPLIFIER
5
4
I, +28Vdc , , O+28Vdc
10K
+1 300 ~
,.,.1 !L300 '7"1\28 Vdc T,.,.I
IK
10K
o VOLTS
-
f COMPOSITE OUTPUT TO DATA DISCRIMINATORS
BEDFORD INSTITUTE I DARTMOUTH NOVA SCOTIA
TITLE
SCHEMATIC, MPX DATA- 14,5 KHz COM81NE R
DRN. ART COSGROVE ~-DATE 26 -9-71
DRAWING NQ B - 8-17-52
3 4
FIGURE 31: Shore Equipment: Schematic MPX/Reference Combiner
IA
-.l f-'
B
__ 72 _
to remove the command tones (22 kHz), a 14.5 kHz crystal oscillator, a
resistive adder and an output amplifier which drives the tape recorder.
The output level from the amplifier is nominally 3.7 volts p-p for the
composite signal (12 data tones plus the reference) or 0.28 volts p-p for
each tone. In some cases, depending on the frequency response of the tape
recorder being used, it may he necessary to increase the level of the
reference tone to ensure sufficient signal on playback.
5.5 Tape Recorder
A Crown Model CI-822 (Crown International Corp., 1969),
two-track tape recorder records the data and reference tones at 7~ inches
per second on track 1 "Thile track 2 is used for a voice record of the time
of day, date, location and pertinent rr.eteorological information at the time
of recording. Maximun v!ow and flutter at this speed is 0.09%. The recorder
has tape speeds of 15, 7~ and 3 % inches per second with speed regulation
of ±O.2% for a ±10% change in the 117 volt a.c.supply.
A SOURCE/TAPE switch on the recorder enables the recorder
input or the output from a separate tape playback. head to be selected for
monitoring. During recording, monitoring in the ~ftxE position enables a
check to be made on the quality of the recorded data. Headphones are provided
for aural monitoring, while a discriminator bank and chart recorder are
available for checking individual data channels.
5.6 Data Honi torine;
The composite output (I? data channels plus the reference
signal) from the tape recorder is connected to the input of a solid-state
discriminator system (Airpax Electronics Inc., 1966) which separates and
converts the frequency-modulated, multiplexed sir:nals into their original
form, analog voltages.
Each of the tHelvc data. discriminators, Airpax Type FDS 34,
accepts an input betvTeen 10 mV and 10 volts rms Hi thout adjustment. The
output amplitude of each is adjustable froI!1 ±l volt peak to ±lO volt peak
•
•
- 73 -
corresponding to a ±7.5% change from the centre frequency of its channel. In
the present system the nominal output is set to ±4.50 volts full scale. Each
d.iscriminator has an Il-Hertz, linear-phase, low-pass, output filter (Figure 32).
Zero stability of the discriminator output is within ±0.5% of full scale for
24 hours after a 20-minute warm-up period.
The 14.5 kHz reference discriminator, Airpax Type FDS 35,
is physically and electrically similar to the FDS 31~. The FDS 35 senses
tape speed error by responding to variations in the 14.5 kHz reference tone
and provides a compensation signal for up to 12 data discriminators. A
reduction in signal error or noise of at least 20 dB for tape speed varia
tions of up to ±3% (WOVT and flutter) may be realized using the FDS 35.
Output signal is zero at 14.5 kHz and changes by approximately 800 mV per
cent deviation from the reference frequency, positive for highpr frequencies
and negative for lower frequencies.
The outputs fror::. the twelve c.ata discriminators are fed to
a patch panel where selected channels may be monitored on the chart recorder.
In addition, the patch panel contains a meter which can be connected by a
rotary switch to the output of anyone of the discrirr.inators.
Although battery life can be closely estimated by considering
capacity and discharge rates, monitoring the voltage gives a good indication
of the remaining capacity particularly since the underwater battery is at a
relatively constant temperature and the discharge current is comparatively
low.
A Model 2£0, siY.-channel chart recorder manufa.ctured by Gou1d
Clevite Corp. (Brush Instruments Division, 1968) is employed for data moni
toring and has eight chart speeds ranging from 125 mm/s down to 1 mm/min.
Each channel occupies 40 mm of the chart width and contains 50 divisions.
The sensitivity range is selectable from 1 mV/div. to 10 V/div. in 13 steps;
a setting of 200 mV per division or ±5 V full scale is normally used. The
full-scale frequency response ±l division from d.c. to 40 hertz is more than
adequate to display the outputs of the discriminators.
w
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
(J) 0 .2 z o a.. (J)
w 0::
0.1 w > 0.08
I-« 0.06 ....J w 0::
0.04
0.02
0.01 I
- 14 -
- r--...... """'" '" '\
\ ~
\ 1. \
~
~
\ i
2 4 6 8 10
FREQUENCY 20
( Hz) 40
FIGURE 32: Typical Frequency Response of an 11 Hz, Linear-Phase Discriminator Output Filter
, i
~, 60 80 100
•
•
- 15 -
5.1 Command Readout Unit
Although the command readout unit does not playa direct
role in processing the telemetry I~X signal, it is of valuable assistance
to the operator since it provides him with an autorratic display of commands
which have been dialed. In addition, since the readout unit is operated
by the commands retransmitted from the remote site, correctly displayed
commands indicate that the remote command detector and relay are functioning.
Of course, an observation of the telemetry information on the chart recorder
will also usually indicate whether or not commands are being detected
correctly.
In its method of operation, the command readout unit is
similar to the remote equipment control circuitry presented in section
4.20.2.1. Only those areas where the operation of the readout unit and the
control circuitry differ will be discussed in detail here.
The readout unit (Figure 33), contains an FM discriminator
operating on IRIG Channel 14 which is used to demodulate the retransmitted
command tones. The discriminator output is buffered and used to operate
the command relay. From there, commands are decoded as discussed in 4.20
except that the turn-on command is detected via the AGC voltage of the tele
metry receiver, which changes from 0 volts to at least -3 volts when the RF
signal from the remote site is sensed by the receiver. The AGe voltage is
buffered and used to operate the turn-on relay.
Commands are displayed using indicator lamps on the front
panel of the readout unit. Seven lamps, arranged vertically near the left
side of the unit and labeled 'I' through '1', indicate which bank relay
has been selected or, correspondingly, which digit was dialled as the first
digit of a command. A bank indicator lamp is extinguished when the second
digit of a command is dialled, of course.
Corresponding to each bank lamp is a number of seZection
lamps arranged horizontally to the right. One lamp in each horizontal row
will be on indicating the second digit of the most recent command dialed
in that row. When the second digit is '0' no lamp is on. The seZection
- 76 -
lamp is extinguished when the first digit of a new command is dialled in
its row.
Occasionally, the reception of noise may cause the command
readout unit to lose digit synchronization with the remote unit and misin
terpret the retransmitted command. Any uncertainty may be cleared up by
dialhj::: 88, for example, and then redialing any commands suspected of being
incorrect.
6. REMOTE EQUIPMENT CALIBRATION
The calibration involves setting up regulated output voltages, ampli
fier offsets, and VCO frequencies. The equipment must be removed from its
case for all adjustments; however, a number of checks can be made via the
test box. Unless otherwise noted all voltages should be measured with res
pect to deck 6 mounting plate (Figure 5), and the input supply voltage should
be set to 34 volts.
6.1 Equipment
To perform the calibration the following equipment is
required:
a. power supply 28-39 volts d.c. with 2 ampere capacity,
b. digital voltmeter (DVM) 4-digit or better,
c. decade resistance box, 0 to 1000 ohms in one-ohm steps,
d. test unit (Drawing B-B-17-50),
e. digital frequency counter capable of measuring AF and VHF,
f. resistor 5.6 k~ ±l%, \ watt,
g. Oscilloscope, low frequency.
The power supply and the test unit should be connected to
the remote equipment for the duration of the tests. Proper power supply
connections are indicated in Drawing C-B-11-54 in Appendix B.
6.2 Regulator Adjustments
These adjustments should be performed prior to making any
l'
- 77 -
-, -. -, .. ... -, .- , -,
or r or j r r r o. o.
... zaV'_ITeM[
'~
,i:h. f' ,!:~l [' :BIt r' ow
~h. r' ,t[ [' - ~!l r' . .. ~I,
~tl r' ~tl [' r--§st{ r' $)!( r' i)t{ r ' .. r--~~l r' r--~t{ r' r-[:Stt r' .--~t[ r ~tt _r' ~flr' :stJt r' .. ow ow
, ,
[ ~t{ r' "~ r~ll r'
r(: ill ~!t r' lr ,J _r I[~ !L r o. ow ~\t ov
I~ .
l r(:~ . .
~tl r' ~tl r' ~![ r' " · II' · Sli ; f .: ..... · · ;;:: · · •• : ~ REGULATOR · · ~II'Y .0 HI I""" .: . . or ow ow . . ..... ~v
Ie ville OIP
~f( i' Etl r' r~H f' I L- "-
IN ow
"'"'0 CKAHHIL 14
OUT DtlCllMlNA~ ~ CO."OIITi II'.
L....-
Iil r' '--~tl r' -
m3tJt r' .. ,v
IN .". ~ IO' ~ ~ C ..... '1-3D toOt(
.• " - -} U"" OIAIo. ." tTl
'" r1'"'" 4.TK IMIM' • ~zo IOIC
. ~t( r' I~~l r' . , ---~tl r' 111 ~ '" ,r TUIIlH ON ." IT
CO .... AND "MP.
ac. I'll' '110. ~
.---
STI
ISTI
..
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ clUl dLJl o!!Jl o!!Jl oILJl
oIl-lk., -Y..o o"-"1lu.., ~ II ~+Z''I i otUl
~ olLJl o!!-JI
-:-u.J ~~ , 1 ~ ~ k1f! ~ ~ I L:JTl j:}fl ~ ~ ,-olU1 ~I r-:U1
; I L.,!..J W-J ~ ""'>II o. ...,1, ~ .... ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ L~
,-oLJ1 I ,.o!--" au o'!LJ ~ . I
~ ~ /!o- ~ ~ ~ .~ ~ "" ~ ~ ~r oIU o!!JI , . , , , , , , , , .,!Lt DIGIT SELECT H_
co_ 2fY
TUM-ON
L':1h ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I L--o!!..i . ., rW' f e ~, p F ~ ~,
~ J;'" ~- HOMI •• 0 ¥ ~
CAM
STIPP •
son .w 10 ..
ov
FIGURE 33: Shore Equipment: Schematic Command Readout Unit
•
- 79 -
other adjustments. Set the power supply voltage to 34 volts. Consult the
regulator assembly drawing (Figure 34) and measure the input voltage to the
regulators at eyelet #7. This should be 27 volts ±1.0 volts; if not, the
master regulator should be investigated .
With the correct voltage at eyelet #7, the positive output
regulators may be checked. Heasure the voltage at eyelet #4. Adjust R19
if required to obtain +15.00 volts ±0.03 volt.
Check the voltage at eyelet #6 and adjust R30 to obtain
+6.00 volts ±0.03 volt.
Measure the voltage at eyelet #8 and adjust R41 to obtain
a reading of +25.5 volts ±0.25 volt.
Check the input voltage to the -15 volt regulator at eye
let #1; a reading of -22 volts ± 3 volts is satisfactory. Readings outside
this range indicate possible malfunction in the dc/dc converter which is
located on the under side of deck 6.
Monitor the voltage at eyelet #2 and adjust R9 to obtain
-15.00 volts ±0.02 volt.
Verify that the +15, +6 and -15 volt regulated outputs vary
less than ±0.03 volt and the 25.5 volt output varies less than ±O.l volt
for a ±5 volt variation in the input supply voltage.
6.3 Thrust Anemometer Amplifier Adjustment
This adjustment involves setting the initial offset of the
amplifiers to zero and, in conjunction with the thrust anemometer, nulling
the effect of the residual output of the latter. Reference to Figures 10
and 35 will be useful at this point.
Connect a 5.6 kQ ±l% resistor between 0 volts (C2 positive)
and the input of AMP 1 (Al pin 3), Dial command 15 using the test box.
Monitor the voltage at pin 6 of Al. Adjust RIO to achieve a voltage of
o volts ±0.025 volt.
A
-
B
-
c
-
D
I 2 3 I 4
- 4-40 eOLT, NUT, FL'!)"T WA..SHER I ~ LOCK WA.~'I-IER. 4 PLJlt..C.Ec::.
I ,= --'-L • '0 oeo"1
I I ® ®8:8~ ®8:E®®B=B8~1~8@~@@ rlli Q C~ & r;::;;... Cb Q C9 N J;l L;J '1:;l, o 'i:J 6 8 ~e;8+®Q8.+ 8S® ~.~ ,-0~eCID Q~e@) Q 8C§:) ~@~A~~
o V ~ -{@I}- ~ V t;J ~ ~ V ~ A C 12 R r;J QIEo I r '{2 .@:]}o®@ Q ~ ~~ §. ~ -cmr ~Zl @R 8 ~ Qi9 ® ~ L ~ ~s. ~ ~ ¢
- ., 23 45 t::.B
- @~. @@~ @@~ @@ 6 , r!! QS QIO Git5 QfO
! / t
A
B
l"MBION 2 REQD
NO 1'91'38-4 L FIT EYELET (lp.,,\(E 1014"5-4) I
PLACE':::,
NOTES:
FOR 5CHEM,o...T1C SEE DR ..... W\NG O-B-I7-~9
2. EXCEPT WHERE NOTEC, ALL RE5\:::'TOR~ A.RE ~"......, 54.
S 80ARO TO BE CQP...TED \..11TH CLE.to..R "ARN.\~'t-\
(BOTH 5IDE~) JIo,.FTER TE~"". EYELETS TO BE. F'REE OF V,/:Io.RN\5H.
4-. EYELET DESIGNATION-=;
5.
E.YELET NO.
2-:3 4
'5 (,
7
e
DESIGN,lIo.,.TION - 17 vOLT-:'
- 15 VOLT~ RI!.GUL,o..,"'TEO -t ~O VOLTS ,,,,,"PUT
T- \ So VOLTS REGUL,b."TED 1'" ~O VOLT~ INPUT
... Go VOL"'~ REGUL"TEO 215·15 VO\...T~ R~GUL""TEO
... 30 VOL'lS, INPuT
A.LL POL .... RrzED C,o."PJl...CITOR'S SOLID T.a..l..JT ..... LUM """PEc:,. ....LL OT\.-iER~ ...... R.E D\~C CERp.."M\C ,....,.p~~
wITH "> e,o ""'VDC.
I 2
FIGURE 34: Remote Equipment:
I
BEDFORD INSTITUTE Do\ImIOUlH -- NOVA SCOlIA
mu: AIR-SEA. INTERA.CTION TELEMETR.,. ""'YSTEM
SUB ,,""''''''.,. • REGUL"TOR"'"
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L.Trlr»...,e, ---- !:EVIS'.;"J---- __ N. c- B-17- S"'40
3 I 4
Subassembly, Regulator Board
():) o I
•
_ 81 _
Dial command 25. Connect the resistor to the equivalent
point in AMP 2. Adjust R20 to obtain an output of 0 volts ±0.025 volt from
AMP 2. Dial command 35 and make the equivalent adjustment for AMP 3.
The next adjustment requires that the thrust anemometer which
will actually be used with the system to be connected and oriented truly
vertically. The thrust anemometer amplifiers should be placed in the highest
gain setting by dialing commend 43; commands 15, 25 and 35 are required in
addition. Then, with reference to Figures 10 and 35, adjust R20 to produce
an output of 0 volts ±0.025 volt at pin 6 of Al. Repeat using R40 and A2,
R60 and A3.
In the event that the thrust anemometer is unavailable, the
procedure to follow represents a compromise. Adjust R20, R40 and R60 to
produce 0 volts ±0.025 volt at their wipers.
6.4 Battery Voltage Monitor
The battery voltage monitor has a fixed gain and adjustable
offset. With reference to Figures 8 and 36, and an input supply voltage of
28 volts, adjust R6 to obtain -2.50 volts ±0.05 volt at the collector of Ql.
Check that this voltage rises to +2.50 volts ±0.15 volt when the input
voltage is increased to 38 volts.
6.5 Wavestaff Electronics Board
Connect the decade resistance box to the system via the
appropriate connector. Set the decade box to the value of resistance
corresponding to the total wavestaff resistance plus any cable resistance
if appreciably greater than one ohm. Monitor the voltage across the box
with the oscilloscope. With reference to Figures 14- and 37 adjust Rl to
achieve a 5-vblt peak-to-peay_ square "la.ve (some cross-over distortion may
be evident but it matters little).
With the DVM monitor eyelet #6 indicated in Figure 37.
Adjust R2 to obtain -2.50 volts ±0.025 volt. This voltage should change
to +2.50 volts ±0.025 volt when the decade box is set to a value of zero
-
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~. RESI~TOR R'2.\ TO BE ·2.0 MIN. .... BOVE. ~WRF'A.CE. OF BO",",RD.
4- 30A.RD TO BE CO"TED wf'n-\ CLE,err...R v,a."RNI'5I-\ (e..oTH SIDE'S) ,o.,.F'TER TE~T.
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BEDFORD INSTlTUTE DARTIIOUTH -- NOVA SCOllA
mu AIR·SEI'>. INTERACTION TELEMETRY ",,-.-STEM
SUB ASSY DEC!< 4 COMI"Cl'-IENT-;:-
... ~..",..-"""'" 15C.A..LE '2.1
DATE IS APRIL Ic:liO
_ ..... C- B-17- 51'.44
2 I 3 4
FIGURE 36: Remote Equipment: Subassembly, Deck 4 Components
A
1-
IB
L 0:> tAl
I
C
f-
D
- 84 -
plus the cable resistance. If the noted reading is not obtained, some
iterative adjustment of Rl and R2 will be required. Note that Rl is a gain
control and affects the difference between the two voltage readings, whereas
R2 is an offset control which merely shifts both readings up or down by the
same amount.
6.6 VCO Calibrate Voltages
The veo calibrate voltages are generated only when the
calibrate commands are dialled. Monitor eyelet 22 indicated in Figure 36,
with the DVM. Dial 71 and checy. that the DVM reads a volts ±0.005 volt.
Dial 72 and adjust R18 (Figure 36) to obtain a reading of +2.500 volts
±0.005 volt. Dial 73 and adjust R16 to obtain -2.500 volts ±0.005 volt.
6.7 veo Adjustments
The following adjustments mru:e use of the IRIG standard
frequencies listed in Table 1. Generally, it is expedient to measure the
period rather than the frequency of the veo output if high accuracy is
required in a short time. (Averaging 100 periods reduces short-term jitter.)
Initially the output amplitude of each yeO, measured at the
individual test points, should be set to nominally 1.0 volt peak-to-peak
using the OUTPUT control. Then, with command 71 dialed, each FREQ control
should be adjusted to give the correct period corresponding to the centre
frequency as measured at the test point. Similarly, when command 72 is
dialed, the proper upper-band-edge periods may be obtained by adjusting the
indiyidual SENS controls on each yeo. The lower-band-edge periods may be
checked by dialing 73.
All adjustments should achieve the required frequency or
period readings to better than one part per thousand.
6.,.1 Commmand Retransmit veo
The command retransmit VCO does not undergo the
calibrate sequence since doing so would override the retransmit function.
Under quiescent conditions, when no commands are
being dialled, the output frequency measured at the test point should
A
-
B
-
c
- I
0
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I 2 I 3
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R7 ... ~I \ v~uES SELECTt!:O ON TE'5T FOR Mll'o.I ouTPIJ'T OR,IFT 'IS 'TEMPERJo..TUR!!...
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BEDFORD INSTIlUTE DMIIIOU1II -- _A IICOIIA
A.IR ""EI>. INTE~t>.CTION ,ELEME,R'1" ",,"'STEM
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-. ~I ...,..~ i ____ , ~
DAft :!>O ..... PRI\.. 1""10 1 ~
_ ..... c- B-17- 5t>.4-B
4
FIGURE 37: Remote Equipment: Subassembly, Wavestaff Electronics Board
A
B
I-
c
I-
o
co V1
- 86 -
correspond to the lower band edge (Table 1, channel 14). If not, the FREQ
control should be adjusted.
Next, the command dial should be operated and held
at a point which causes the stepping switch to be cocked. Under these
conditions the SENS control should be adjusted to obtain the required upper
band-edge frequency. Some interaction occurs between adjustments and as Ii
result both adjustments may have to be repeated. Frequencies within ±l% of
the required frequencies are sufficiently accurate for proper tllnctioning
of the retransmit YCO. The output measured at the test point should be set
to nominally one volt peak-to-peak using the OUTPUT control.
6.8 Transmitter Deviation
The transmitter deviation is adjusted by varying the gain
and hence the output signal level of the modulation control amplifier.
Monitor the amplifier test point with the oscilloscope and adjust the gain
to obtain a nominal 1.5 volt peak-to-peak signal. The highest peaks of the
signal will occur at a relatively low repetition rate and it is important
to be sure that the correct peak is observed.
As an alternative, if a VHF deviation meter or a VHF receiver
with calibrated deviation in~icator is available adjust the gain of the
modulation control amplifier to achieve a maximum deviation of 110 kHz
±10 kHz.
7. SHORE EQUIPMENT CALIBRATION
Calibration of the shore equipment involves setting regulated volt
ages, YCO frequencies and output levels, data discriminator outputs and the
14.5 kHz -·reference level.
Unless otherwise noted, the equipment should be operated on 110-
130 volts a.c., 60 hertz and all voltage measurements should be made with
respect to the chassis of the piece of equip~ent being tested.
•
•
•
•
- 87 -
7.1 E~uipment
a.
The following equipment is required for the calibration:
digital voltmeter (D~4), 4-digit or better,
b. audio frequency, sinewave or squarewave oscillator,
c.
d.
oscilloscope, low frequency,
resistor, 33 ohm ±10%, 50 watt.
7.2 Command Encoder
If the command transmitter is not connected to the system
the 33-ohm resistor should be used to simulate the normal load imposed on
the regulator in the encoder (Figure 28) by the transmitter. With the regu
lator thus loaded, the output voltage across the load should be set to
26 volts ±2 volts using the 1000 potentiometer on the regulator board.
To set the command VCO (Channel 9, 3.9 kHz) monitor the veo
test point with the oscilloscope. Operate and hold the dial between digits
so as to enable Kl to de-energize; adjust the OUTPUT control on the veo to
obtain nominally 3 volts peak-to-peak on the oscilloscope. With the dial
held again, monitor the frequency at the VCO test point; adjust the FREQ
control to achieve a frequency of 3.9 kHz ±40 hertz.
The turn-on veo can be similarly adjusted when the turn-on
button is depressed. An output voltage of 3 volts peak-to-peak and a
frequency of 2.3 kHz ±25 hertz are desirable.
7.3 MPX/Reference Combiner
Without using any external load resistance adjust the
1000 ohm potentiometer on the regulator board in the combiner to obtain
+28 volts ±l volt at the regulator output.
Monitor the eOt~OSITE OUTPUT on the combiner (Figure 30)
using the oscilloscope. Connect the signal generator to the MPX input on
the combiner and set the output amplitude of the generator to zero. Adjust
the OUTPUT control on the 14.5 kHz reference oscillator to obtain a nominal
0.5 volt peak-to-peak signal on the oscilloscope.
to 1 kHz and its output to 2.5 volts peak-to-peay.
Set the generator frequency
Adjust the control on the
- 88 -
1191D amplifier to obtain a nominal 3.0 volt peak-to-peak signal at the
COMPOSITE OUTPUT jack on the combiner.
7.4 Discriminators
A detailed description of the discriminator calibration is
given in the manufacturer's handbook (Airpax, 1966). Briefly, it involves
supplying band-centre and band-edge frequencies to each of the discriminators
and adjusting the ZERO and OUT controls to achieve the desired output
voltages.
On the reference discriminator set the tape speed compensa
tion (TSC) to off. Connect the signal generator to COMPOSITE B input on
the discriminator rear panel; set the amplitude to 0.1 volt rms and the
frequency to the centre frequency of Channell. On Channell discriminator
monitor the output voltage with the Dm~ and adjust the ZERO control to obtain
a reading of 0 volt ±0.025 volt. Change the oscillator frequency to the
upper-band-edge frequency of Channel 1 and adjust the OUT control to obtain
an output of +4.50 volts ±0.025 volt.
Repeat the procedure for the remaining discriminators. In
the case of the reference discriminator the only possible adjustment is ZERO.
This adjustment should be made with an input frequency of 14.500 kHz ± 2 hertz.
8. CONCLUSION
The telemetry system described in this report has been and will con
tinue to be subject to minor modifications and changes as dictated by the
types of experiments and measurements undertaken by users. For example,
although the rate of evaporation from the ocean is an important parameter,
the present system does not include a humidity sensor. Future plans call
for interfacing such a sensor to the system. In addition, some experiments
have been conducted using a sonic anemometer in place of the thrust anemo
meter. The use of practically any new sensor requires some modification to
the telemetry system. These modifications are usually temporary and are
documented in AOL File 6040-10 at Bedford Institute of Oceanography.
•
•
•
•
- 89-
9. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The original telemetry system, which was lost in December 1969, was
developed by J.A. Dimmers and G.E. Awalt. The assistance received from
G.E. Awalt during the design of the replacement system is gratefully acknow
ledged. The initial breadboarding, evaluation and testing of many of the
circuits for the system were carried out with considerable input by R. Cassivi.
Liaison with R.G. Mills, responsible for the stable platform installation,
proved beneficial in instrumenting the tower with strain gauges and
accelerometers.
I would like to acknm-Tledge the fruitful discussions with S.D. Smith
and C.S. Mason during the design stage of the project and the assistance of
S.B. MacPhee and S.D. Smith during the preparation of this report.
10. REFERENCES
AIRPAX ELECTRONICS INC. 1967. FM Discriminator System, Instruction Manual,
Seminole Division, Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
ASTRO COt~JICATIONS LABORATORY INC. 1969. VHF/UHF Telemetry Receiver,
Type TR-I09, Instruction 1~nual. Gaithersburg, Maryland;
seven sections.
BENDELL, E.A. 1970. Turbulence Thermometer Manual. Atlantic Oceanographic
Laboratory, File No. 5420-10, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia.
BRUSH INSTRUMENTS DIVISION. 1968. Mark 260 Recorder Operating Instructions,
Gould-Clevite Corp., Cleveland Ohio, 79 pp.
CROWN INTERNATIONAL. 1969. Operating and Service Manual, Series PRo-800
Model IM-8 Recorder/Reproducer. Elkhart, Indiana, 34 pp.
DOE, L.A.E. 1963. A Three-Component Thrust AneIl"oI'leter for Studies of
Vertical Transports Above the Sea Surface. Bedford Institute
Report 63-1, 87 pp.
GRUENBURG, E.L., editor. 1967. Handbook of Telemetry and Remote Control.
McGraw Hill Book Co., New York.
- 90 -
JASIK, H., editor. 1961. Antenna Engineering Handbook. McGraw Hill Book Co.,
New York.
MILLS, R. G. 1972. Design and Installation of the Atlantic Oceanographic
Laboratory Stable Platform, Bedford Institute of Oceanography Report
Series BI-R-72-4.
NAUTICAL ELECTRONICS LABORATORIES LTD. 1969. VHF FM Telemetry Transmitter
Handbook. Hackett's Cove, Nova Scotia. (held in Systems Engineering
Section, BIO.)
SINCLAIR RADIO LABORATORIES LTD. 1969. General Catalogue. Maple, Ontario.
SMITH, S.D. 1969. A Sensor System for Wind Stress Measurements. Bedford
Institute Report 1969-4, 64 pp.
SMITH, S.D. 1970. Thrust Anemometer Heasurements of Wind Turbulence,
Reynolds Stress and Drag Coefficient Over the Sea. J. Geophys. Res.
75: 6758-6770.
SMITH, S.D., L.A.E. DOE, and R.G. STEPHENS. 1969. Thrust Anemometer
Measurements of Reynolds Stress over the Sea off Chebucto Head,
N.S., Bedford Institute Report 1969-5, 12 pp.
TAIANI, P.M. 1971. Nova Scotia Research Foundation, Drawing E-l-l,
Flexible Wave Sensor, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia.
TAIANI, P.l1. 1970. Nova Scotia Research Foundation, Series of Drawings
on Thrust Anemometer Cover, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. (Copies held
in Systems Engineering Section BIO.)
THORBURN, J.P., and D.F. DINN. 1971. On-Line Analog-to-Digital Hardware
at the BI Computing Centre. Atlantic Oceanographic Laboratory
Report 1971-3, 17 pp. (unpublished).
VINE, R.N. 1970. Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Drawing No. D-B-18-Al.
Details of submersible gland for RF connector.
•
•
•
- 91 -
APPENDIX A
Additional System Information
Included in this appendix is a complete list of drawings for the
telemetry system, wiring diagrams pertinent to the remote equipment, and a
discussion on expected battery life. The drawings are held in Systems
Engineering Laboratory at Bedford Institute of Oceanography. Drawings in
the list which have been used in this report are indicated by inclusion of
the appropriate figure number.
Drawing No.
E-B-17-Al
E-B-17-2
D-B-1'7-SA3
C-B-17-4
E-B-17-5
D-B-17-5A6
D-B-17-7
c-B-1'7-8
D'-B-1'7 - SA9
C-B-17-10
C-B-17-11
D-B-17-SAl2
E-B-17-13
C-B-17-14
D-B-17-SA15
D-B-17-16
C-B-17-17
D-B-17-SA18
D-B-17-19
C-B-17-20
TABLE 4
AIR-SEA INTERACTION TELEMETRY SYSTEM
Drawing List
Title
General Assembly
Schematic, Interdeck wiring
Deck 1 Assembly, cover
Schematic, Deck 1
Deck 1 Chassis, cover
Subassembly Deck 2
Schematic, Deck 2
Chassis, Deck 2
Subassembly, Deck 3
Schematic, Deck 3
Chassis, Deck 3
Subassembly, Deck 4
Schematic, Deck 4
Chas sis, Deck 4
Subassembly, Deck 5
Schematic, Deck 5
Chassis, Deck 5
Subassembly, Deck 6
Schematic, Deck 6
Chassis, Deck 6
Figure No.
39
38
22
23
26
19
Appendix A
Drawing No.
C-B-17-2l
B-B-17-22
C-B-17-23
B-B-17-24
B-B-17-25
C-B-17-26
B-B-17-27
B-B-17-28
D-B-17-29
E-B-17-30
B-B-17-3l
C-B-17-SA32
B-B-17-33
C-B-17-SA34
C-B-17-35
C-B-17-SA36
C-B-17-37
C-B-17-SA38
D-B-17-39
C-B-17-SA40
C-B-17-~1
C-B-17-SA42
C-B-17-43
C-B-17-SA44
B-B-17-45
B-B-17-SA46
C-B-17-47
C-B-17-SA48
E-B-17-49
B-B-17-50
B-B-17-51
- 92 -
Title
Standard plate
Retainer bolt
Spacer rod
Spacer
Spacer tapped
Circuit card bracket
Cable support rod
Cable support bracket
Mounting base
Container
Schematic, Command decoder
Subassembly, Command decoder
Schematic, Turn-on decoder
Subassembly, Turn-on decoder
Schematic, Relay control
Subassembly, Relay control
Schematic, Amplifiers
Subassembly, Amplifiers
Schematic, Regulators
Subassembly, Regulators
Schematic, Deck 5 components
Subassembly, Deck 5 components
Figure No.
21
20
24
10
38
9
34
Schematic, Deck 4 components
Subassembly, Deck 4 components
Schematic, Master regulators
Subassembly, Master regulators
Schematic, Wave staff electronics 14
Subassembly, Wave staff electronics 37
8,15
36
7
Schematic, Readout unit
Schematic, Test unit
Schematic, VCO input limiters
33
27
18
•
•
Appendix A
Drawing List continued
Drawing No .
B-B-17-52
C-B-17-53
C-B-17-54
B-B-17-55
B-B-17-56
C-B-17-57
B-B-17-58
B-B-17-59
B-B-17-60
B-B-17-61
B-D-56-1A
B-D-56-2A
B-B-17-62
- 93 -
Title
MPX data/14. 5 kHz combiner
External cable diagram
External cable diagram
Thrust anemometer cover wiring
Air-Sea Telemetry system (block diagram)
Air-Sea Telemetry system (block diagram)
Schematic, Command encoder
Aerovane and control circuit
Subassembly, veo limiters
Shore Equipment, Interconnection diagram
Air Sea Interaction, Thermistor Thermometer, Schematic
Air Sea Interaction, Thermistor Thermometer, Wiring diagram
Schematic, Audio Panel
Figure No.
31
40
41
12
3
6
29
16
28
17(a)
30
A
-
B
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IJ~ BII.TTERY
1
IJ1 TE~T
ACCESS
'2~·I[B'&'.'2'1 yyyyyyyy
~I~I~I! G } • ~ !1!ljlll~I~lm . ~
I z " " ~ Z
.. i
% 0
~ « ~ " ~e )- 0 0 ~
"It I-r I III n , ~ ~ L ~ ~ B 0 1 J
!( 6 ~ J , -~
~ ~ r '" ~ o ~ ~ u • S P t ~
~ ~ ) ) n i ) r> .. ~~ u" ~ 0 ~ ~ a~ "' .. + " III~ .. , <J + " +
11 2 ~,. e,"16g'01l,tl
TB 3
I
3 I 4
IJS IJb IJ8 AE~IIE WA'IE SPARE
~EN50R
I 2 " .. I 2 S 4 43 t. I
Ji..:
~I ~1~ls ~ 3 • ~ il ~I 01: Hn il~lil~
I I I I
66 U 9 IQ 1\ It
TB ~
3 I
IlEDfCflll ..... ," u, ~ -.-rnt --- _A lamA
11M AIR-SEI>. INTERI'.CTION TELEMETRY 5YSTEM
e.CHEHATIC , O~CK I
---' 5c .... LE wo .... e
DAft 5 M ... RCW 1970
__ .. C-B-11-4
4
FIGURE 38: Remote Equipment: Wiring Diagram, Deck 1
•
A
B
r \0 +="" I
IC
I-
o
A
-
B
c
o
• • •
OPEN~
CLOSE I~ :
VULCANIZED RUBBER SPLICE
BLACK 1- --, BLACK
WHITE I WHITE
RED -! RED
2
COVER ,--E C
D
3
VULCANIZED RUBBER SPLICE
I
{
I BLACK 1--, BLACK
THERMISTER 2 WHITE WHITE
4
TEMPERATURE PROBE
F\ r---AI B
E
COMMON~
ELECTRO OCEANICS 51F4M-1
GREEN I GREEN A
SHIELD 3 RED
4 D
COMP I RETURN
COMP 2 RETURN
COMP 3 RETURN
+6.00V RETURN
""-LB;L~EN 8407 CABLE
~ B L--
ITT CANNON MS3106E 14S-5S(C)
(5 PIN FEMALE)
ELECTRO OCEANICS BELDEN 51F4M-1 8407 CABLE
~ Ie C
-c F' l...---
BENDIX 10-72614-6S
(6 PIN FEMALE)
COVER CONTROL CABLE (OVERALL LENGTH 30 FT )
TEMPERATURE PROBE CABLE (OVERALL LENGTH 30 FT )
ELECTRO OCEANICS 51F8M-1
ANEMOMETER r--. .---
A BLACK
WHITE I I Ie H RED B
GREEN J ORANGE C
BLUE K
BROWN F YELLOW Yt
BENDIX 10 -72622-14S (19 PIN FEMALE)
THRUST ANEMOMETER CABLE (OVERALL LENGTH 30FT)
2
AMPHENOL UG-94IB/U
CABLE CONNECTOR WITH B I AMPHENOL
D-B-18AI (ISS 2) UG-94IB/U SUBMERSIBLE GLAND OR EQUIVALENT
"0 ~ 0 ~ BELDEN #8214 ~
50 OHM COAXIAL CABLE OR EQUIVALENT
TRANSMITTING ANTENNA CABLE (OVERALL LENGTH 30 FT)
RECEIVING ANTENNA CABLE (SAME AS ABOVE EXCEPT OVERALL LENGTH 25FT)
3
mu
BEDFORD INSTITUTE DAIITIIOUTH --- NOVA sconA
EXTERNAL CABLE DIAGRAMS
- Vi.A. COLLINS' : h~ . __ ... ,. l5ZE>I7. _ .... N. C-8-17-53
4
FIGURE 40: Remote Equipment: Sensor Cables
fA
B
c
I-
o
\0 ~
A
B
c
D
2
VULCANIZED RUBBER SPLICE WAVESTAFF
3
TAPED SPLICE
4
DRIVE I I RETURN 2
BLACK r - -, r - , BLACK
WHITE I I I
RED I • I
GREEN I :
I • ~
3
4 '----J
ELECTRO OCEANICS 51F4M-1
--B~LDEN
ELECTRO OCEANICS 51F2F -I
BLACK'-"" (+)RED 1 IA
~ - WH ITE I BANANA PLUG POWER
RED I I (_) BLACK SUPPLY
3 GREEN I I BA~JA:NA PLUG 4 • L_...J
8407 CABLE
WAVESTAFF CABLE (OVERALL LENGTH 25 FT)
VULCANIZED RUBBER SPLICE ANEMOMETER
ELECTRO OCEANICS
51F4F-1
SINE~ .. , BLACK i-:- ~ BLACK ,c A
tTC I U/UITC" WH" '- WHITE +36V(A)
COSINE 3
COMMON 2
4
ELECTRO OCEANICS 51F4M-1
RED
GREEN
RED B C
D
... E
... F
+36V(B)
OV(A)
OV(B)
ELECTRO OCEANICS 51F4F-1
BENDIX 10-72614-6S
(6 PIN FEMALE)
AEROVANE ANEMOMETER CABLE (OVERALL LENGTH 25FT)
2
BATTERY TEST CABLE (OVERALL LENGTH AS REQUIRED)
USS "TIGER" BRAND CABLE 4 CONDUCTORS
NEOPRENE JACKET (TYPE SO) OR OTHER SUITABLE TYPE ,
~ VULCANIZED ~ T RUBBER SPLICE J
BATTERY CABLE (OVERALL LENGTH AS REQUIRED)
BATTERY
ELECTRO OCEANICS 51F2M-1
BEDFORD INSTITUTE
3
1IT1..E DAImIOIITH --- NOVA SCOTIA
EXTERNAL CABLE DIAGRAMS
- W. A. COLLINS I l ?1 . .. ,. 16/6/11
.......... C-B-17-54 4
FIGURE 41: Remote Equipment: Sensor Cables
B
c
D
\0 ex>
•
•
•
- 99 -
Appendix A
EXPECTED BATTERY LIFE FOR AIR-SEA TELEMETRY EQUIPMENT
The following table shows the expected battery life in relation to
the average number of operating hours per day. The table is based on the
equation:
battery life (days) = _.---;2::;.;0:...;0'--_ 1. 5 + 0. 75t
where 200 is a conservative figur'e for the ampere-hour capacity of the
batteries which are rated at 270 Ah. 1.5 is the number of ampere-hours con
sumed per day in the standby mode, 0.75 is the difference in operating and
standby battery currents (amperes), and t is the average number of operating
hours per day. The nominal operating current, 0.81 amperes, includes the
approximately 0.25 ampere required by the strain gauge electronics used in
the 1970 field season. If the signal conditioning electronics for the
external signals indicated in Figure 6 requires less than 0.25 ampere from
the battery then an increase in battery life will result. The new lifetime
can be calculated from the given equation if the 0.75 in the denominator
is reduced by an. amount equal to the decrease in battery current (ampere).
TABLE 5
Battery Life
Average No. of Operating Hours
per day
Expected Battery Life
0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1. 75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 24.0
(days)
133 119 107
97 89 82 76 71 67 63 59 56 53 51 10
- 100 -
APPENDIX B
Telemetry System - Pin Listings
..
- 101 -
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMEtRY SYSTEM
DECK #1 •
TB 1
•
PIN TO WIRE ALSO TO WIRE DESIGNATION
1 IJ3-1 #18 BLACK 2Pl-8 #26 WHITE THERMISTOR LEAD #1
2 IJ3-2 #18 WHITE 2Pl-9 #26 WHITE THERMISTOR LEAD #2
3 IJ3-3 #18 RED 2PI-I0 #22 BLACK SHIELD
4 IJ3-4 #18 GREEN
5 IJ4-1 #18 BLACK 6Pl-9 #26 WHITE STRAIN GAUGE SIGNAL #1
6 IJ4-2 #18 WHITE 6Pl-l1 #26 WHITE STRAIN GAUGE SIGNAL #2
7 IJ4-3 #18 RED 6Pl-13 #26 WHITE STRAIN GAUGE SIGNAL #3
8 IJ4-4 #18 GREEN bPl-15 #26 WHITE STRAIN GAUGE SIGNAL #4
9 IJ4-5 #18 ORAlWE 4P3-22 #22 RED +27 VOLTS SWITCHED
10 IJ4-6 #18 BLUE 6P2-21 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
11 IJ4-7 #18 WHITE/BLACK 6P2-8 #22 VIOLET -20 VOLTS
12 IJ4-8 #18 RED/BLACK
•
- 102 -
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
DECK #1
TB 2 •
PIN TO WIRE ALSO TO WIRE DESIGNATION
1 1J1-1 #lB BLACK 5Pl-19 #26 WHITE THRUST AN. SIGNAL #1
2 1Jl-2 #lB WHITE 5P1-1B #22 BLACK SIGNAL #1 RETURN
3 1Jl-3 #lB RED 5P2-7 #26 WHITE THRUST AN. SIGNAL #2
4 1Jl-4 #lB GREEN 5P2-6 #22 BLACK SIGNAL #2 RETURN
5 1Jl-5 #lB ORANGE 5P2-20 #26 WHITE THRUST AN. SIGNAL #3
6 1Jl-6 #lB BLUE 5P2-19 #22 BLACK SIGNAL #3 RETURN
7 1Jl-7 #18 WHITE/BLACK 6P2-5 #22 GREEN +6 VOLTS D.C.
B 1J1-B #18 RED/BLACK 6P2-22 #22 BLACK o VOLTS RETURN
9 1J2-1 #lB BLACK 4P2-1B #22 WHITE COVER "OPEN" SIGNAL
10 1J2-2 #lB WHITE
11 1J2-3 #lB RED 4P2-19 #22 WHITE COVER "CLOSE" SIGNAL
12 1J2-4 #lB GREEN 3P3-13 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN (COVER)
- 103 -
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELE~lliTRY SYSTEM
• DECK #1
TB 3
•
PIN TO WIRE ALSO TO WIRE DESIGNATION
.1 IJ9-1 #18 BLACK 3P3-11 #22 YELLOW +36 VOLT BATTERY
2 IJ9-2 #18 WHITE 3P3-10 #22 YELLOW/WHITE +36 VOLT COVER BATTERY
3 IJ9-3 #18 RED 3P3-12 #22 BLACK COVER BATTERY RETURN
4 IJ9-4 #18 GREEN 3P3-18 #22 BLACK BATTERY RETURN
5 IJ7-8 #18 RED/BLACK 6P2-7 #22 BLACK SIGNAL RETURN
6 IJ7-7 #18 WHITE/BLACK 6P2-6 #26 WHITE VCO MULTIPLEXED TONES
7 IJ7-6 #18 BLUE 3P3-7 #26 WHITE TURN-ON COMMAND ..
8 IJ7-5 #18 ORA.NGE 6P2-16 #22 BLUE -15 VOLTS REGULATED
9 IJ7-4 #18 GREEN 3P3-6 #26 WHITE COMMAND INPUT
10 IJ7-3 #18 RED 6P2-10 #22 ORANGE +15 VOLTS REGULATED
11 IJ7-2 #18 WHITE 3P3-20 #22 WHITE RECEIVER OUTPUT
12 IJ7-1 #18 BLACK 3P3-8 #22 YELLOW +27 VOLTS
•
- 104 -
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
DECK #1
TB 4 •
PIN TO WIRE ALSO TO WIRE DESIGNATION
1 IJ5-1 #18 BLACK 4P3-6 #26 WHITE AEROVANE SINE SIGNAL
2 IJ5-2 #18 WHITE 6Pl-2 #22 BLACK SIGNAL RETURN AND SHIELD
3 IJ5-3 #18 RED 4P3-5 #26 WHITE AEROVANE COSINE SIGNAL
4 IJ5-4 #18 GREEN
5 IJ6-1 #18 BLACK 3P3-15 #26 WHITE WAVE STAFF SIGNAL
6 IJ6-2 #18 WHITE 6Pl-16 #22 BLACK SIGNAL RETURN
7 IJ6-3 #18 RED SPARE '"
8 IJ6-4 #18 GREEN SPARE
9 IJ8-4 #18 GREEN SPARE
10 IJ8-3 #18 RED SPARE
11 IJ8-2 #18 WHITE SPARE
12 IJ8-1 #18 BLACK SPARE
•
•
•
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
DECK #1
- 105 -
lPl0 50 n COAXIAL N TYPE CONNECTOR, AMPHENOL PART NO. 82-5379
TO WIRE DESIGNATION
6P3 RG58/u TRANSMITTER OUTPUT
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
DECK #1
- 106 -
1P11 50 n COAXIAL BNC CONNECTOR, AMPHENOL PART NO. 31-242
TO WIRE DESIGNATION
3P1 RG174ju INPUT RECEIVER
•
..
- 107 -
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
DECK #2 •
2P1
• PIN TO WIRE ALSO TO WIRE DESIGNATION
1 6P2-14 #22 ORANGE +15 VOLTS REGULATED
2 6P2-20 #22 BLur -15 VOLTS REGULAT:CD
3 6Pl-20 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETUPJI
4 4P3-25 #22 RED +27 VOLTS SWITCHED
5 6P2-9 - #'22 VIOLET -20 VOLTS
6 6P1-1B #22 BLACK o VOL'IS RET1.JR1~
7 6Pl-17 #26 WHITE TEMPEPP_,="URE OUT?"CT
• 8 TB1-1 #26 lomITE THERMISTOR IHPUT 1
9 TBl-2 #26 I-mI'EE THERMISTOR INPUT 2
10 TBl-3 #22 BLACK SHIELD
11 4P2-16 #26 WHITE COMMAND 51
12 lfP2-17 #26 WHI'l'E COMMAND 50
•
•
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
DECK #3
108
3Pl 50 Q COAXIAL SUBMINIATURE CONNECTOR FEMALE
TO WIRE
IPll RG174/u
•
DESIGNATION
INPUT RECEIVER
..
•
•
o
- 109 -
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
DECK #3
3P2
PIN TO WIRE ALSO TO
1 3J3-5 #22 YELLOW TOTD-4
2
3 TOTD-2 #22 BLACK CTD-2
4
5
6
7 TOTD-1 #26 WHITE CTD-1
NOTE: TOTD - Turn-On TONE DETECTOR, CTD - Command TONE DETECTOR.
WIRE DESIGNATION
#22 YELLOW +27 VOLTS
#22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
#26 WHITE RECEIVER OUTPUT
- 110 -
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
DECK #3
3P3
•
PIN TO WIRE ALSO TO WIRE DESIGNATION
1 4P3-24 #22 RED +27 VOLTS SWITCHED
2 4P3-18 #26 WHITE #26 WHITE COMMAND OUTPUT
3 6Pl-24 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
4 4P3-14 #26 WHITE TURN-ON COMMAND
5 4P3-15 #22 YELLOW +27 VOLTS
6 TB3-9 #26 WHITE COMMAND INPUT
7 TB3-7 #26 WHITE TURN-ON COMMAND ..
8 TB3-12 #22 YELLOW +27 VOLTS
9 4P3-17 #22 YELLOW/WHITE +27 VOLTS COVER .'"
10 TB3-2 #22 YELLOW/WHITE +36 VOLTS COVER
11 TB3-1 #22 YELLOW +36 VOLTS
12 TB3-3 #22 BLACK COVER BATTERY RETURN
13 TB2-12 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN (COVER)
14 3P3-14 #22 RED/WHITE +25.5 VOLTS REGULATED
15 TB4-5 #26 WHITE WAVE STAFF SIGNAL
16 4P3-1 #26 WHITE WAVE HEIGHT OUTPUT
17 4P3-16 #22 YELLOW +36 VOLTS
18 TB3-4 #22 BLACK BATTERY RETURN
19 6Pl-4 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
20 TB3-11 #22 WHITE RECEIVER OUTPUT ..
- III -
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
DECK #4 •
4Pl
• PIN TO ,.aRE ALSO TO WIRE DESIGNATION
1 5Pl-8 #26 WHITE COMMAND 11
2 5Pl-9 #26 WHITE COMMAND 12
3 5PI-I0 #26 WHITE COMMAND 13
4 5Pl-11 #26WHITE COMMAND 14
5 5Pl-12 #26 WHITE COMMAND 15
6 5Pl-13 #26 WHITE COMMAND 16
7 5Pl-14 #26 WHITE COMMAND 17
8 5Pl-15 #26 WHITE Cm-1MAND 18
• 9 5Pl-16 #26 WHITE CO~1AND 19
10 5Pl-17 #26 WHITE RESET BANK #1
11
12
13
14
15
16 5P1-21 #26 WHITE COMMAND 21
17 5Pl-22 #26 WHITE CO!-11'1AND 22
18 5Pl-23 #26 WHITE COMMAND 23
19 5Pl-24 #26 WHITE COMMAND 24
20 5Pl-25 #26 WHITE COMMAND 25
21 5P2-1 #26 WHITE COMMAND 26 0
22 5P2-2 #26 WHITE COMMAND 27
23 5P2-3 #26 WHITE COMMAND 28
24 5P2-4 #26 WHITE COMMAND 29
25 5P2-5 #26 WHITE RESET BANK #2
- 112 -
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
DECK #4
4P2 •
PIN TO WIRE ALSO TO WIRE DESIGNATION
1 5P2-9 #26 WHITE COMMAND 31
2 5P2-10 #26 WHITE COMMAND 32
3 5P2-11 #26 WHITE COMMAND 33
4 5P2-12 #26 WHITE COMMAND 34
5 5P2-13 #26 WHITE COMMAND 35
6 5P2-14 #26 WHITE COMMAND 36
7 5P2-15 #26 WHITE COMMAND 37
8 5P2-16 #26 WHITE COMMAND 38
9 5P2-17 #26 WHITE COMMAND 39
10 5P2-18 #26 WHITE RESET BANK #3
11 5P2-23 #26 WHITE COMMAND 41
12 5P2-24 #26 WHITE COMMAND 42
13 5P2-25 #26 WHITE COMMAND 43
14 5P2-22 #26 WHITE COMMAND 40
15
16 2P1-11 #?6 WHITE COMMAND 51
17 2PI-12 #26 WHITE COMMA...lIJ"D 50
18 TB2-9 #22 WHITE "OPEN" COVER SIGNAL
19 TB2-19 #22 WHITE "CLOSE" COVER SIGNAL
20 OUTPUT BATTERY MONITOR
21 6P2-18 #22 BLUE -15 VOLTS REGULATED
22 6P2-12 #22 ORANGE +15 VOLTS REGULATED
23 6PI-7 #26 WHITE WAVE HEIGHT SIGNAL
24
25
- 113 -
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
• DECK #4
4P3
• PIN TO WIRE ALSO T,O WIRE DESIGNATION
1 3P3-16 #26 WHITE WAVE HEIGHT INPUT
2 6Pl-14 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
3 6PI-5 #26 WHITE OUTPUT BATTERY MONITOR
4 6PI-6 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
5 TB4-3 #26 WHITE COS INPUT SI GNAL
6 TB4-1 #26 WHITE SINE INPUT SIGNAL
7 6Pl-l #26 WHITE SINE OUTPUT SIGNAL
B 6PI-3 #26 WHITE COS OUTPUT SIGNAL
9 6P2-13 #22 ORANGE +15 VOLTS REGULATED
10 6P2-19 #22 BLUE -15 VOLTS REGULATED ~
11 6P2-2 #26 WHITE VCO CAL COMMAND
12 6P2-1 #26 WHITE VCO CAL VOLTAGE
13 6PI-25 #26 WHITE COMMAND RETRANSMIT
14 3P3-4 #26 WHITE WRN-ON COMMAND
15 3P3-5 #22 YELLOW +27 VOLTS
16 3P3-17 #22 YELLOW +36 VOLTS BATTERY
17 3P3-B #22 YELLOW/WHITE +27 VOLTS COVER SUPPLY
IB 3P3-2 #26 WHITE COMl1AND INPUT
19 6P2-25 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN (STEPPER)
20 6PI-I0 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
• 21 6PI-12 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
22 TBI-9 #22 RED +27 VOLTS SWITCHED
23 6P2-3 #22 RED +27 VOLTS SWITCHED
24 3P3-1 #22 RED +27 VOLTS SWITCHED
25 2PI-4 #22 RED +27 VOLTS SWITCHED
- 114 -
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
DECK #5 • 5P1
PIN TO WIRE ALSO TO WIRE DESIGNATION
1
2
3
4 6Pl-22 #22 BLACK o VOLTS RETURN
5 6P2-11 #22 ORANGE +15 VOLTS
6 6P2-17 #22 BLUE -15 VOLTS
7 6P2-::'4 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
8 4P1-1 #26 WHITE COMMAND 11
9 4Pl-2 #26 WHITE COMMAND 12
10 4Pl-3 #26 WHITE COMMAND 13 .'
11 4Pl-4 #26 WHITE COMMAND 14
12 4Pl-5 #26 WHITE COMMAND 15
13 4Pl-6 #26 WHITE COMMAND 16
14 4Pl-7 #26 WHITE COMMAND 17
15 4Pl-8 #26 WHITE COMMAND 18
16 4Pl-9 #26 WHITE COMMAND 19
17 4P1-10 #26 WHITE RESET BANK #1
18 TB2-2 #26 WHITE T.A. SIGNAL #1 o/p LOW
19 TB2-1 #26 WHITE T.A. SIGNAL #1 o/p HIGH
20 6Pl-19 #26 WHITE OUTPUT T.A. AMP #1
21 4Pl-16 #26 WHITE COMMAND 21
22 4Pl-17 #26 WHITE COMMAND 22
23 4Pl-18 #26 WHITE COMMAND 23
24 4Pl-19 #26 WHITE COMMAND 24
25 4Pl-20 #26 vlHITE COMMAND 25
- 115 -
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
DECK #5
5P2
PIN TO WIRE ALSO TO WIRE DESIGNATION
1 4Pl-21 #26 WHITE COMMAND 26
2 4Pl-22 #26 WHITE COMMAND 27
3 4Pl-23 #26 WHITE COMMAND 28
4 4Pl-24 #26 WHITE COMMAND 29
5 4Pl-25 #26 WHITE RESET BANK #2
6 TB2-4 #26 WHITE o/p T.A. SIGNAL #2 LOW
7 TB2-3 #26 WHITE o/p T.A. SIGNAL #2 HIGH
8 6Pl-21 #26 WHITE O/p T.A. AMP #2
9 4P2-1 #26 WHITE COMMAND 31
10 4P2-2 #26 WHITE COMMAND 32
11 4P2-3 #26 WHITE COMMAND 33
12 4P2-4 #26 WHITE COMMAND 34
13 4P2-5 #26 WHITE COMMAND 35
14 4P2-6 #26 WHITE COMMAND 36
15 4P2-7 #26 WHITE COMMAND 37
16 4P2-8 #26 WHITE COMMAND 38
17 4P2-9 #26 WHITE COMMAND 39
18 4P2-10 #26 WHITE RESET BANK #3
19 TB2-6 #26 WHITE O/p T.A. SIGNAL #3 LOW
20 TB2-5 #26 WHITE Olp T.A. SIGNAL #3 HIGH
21 6Pl-23 #26 WHITE OUTPUT T.A. AMP #3 "
22 4P2-14 #26 WHITE COMMAND 40
23 4P2-11 #26 WHITE COMMAND 41
24 4P2-12 #26 WHITE COMMAND 42
25 4P2-13 #26 WHITE COMMAND 43
- 116 -
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
DECK #6
6Pl
PIN TO WIRE ALSO TO WIRE DESIGNATION
1 4P3-7 #26 vlHITE INPUT SINE SIGNAL
2 TB4-2 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
3 4P3-8 #26 WHITE INPUT COS SIGNAL
4 3P3-19 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
5 4P3-3 #26 WHITE OUTPUT BATTERY MONITOR
6 4P3-4 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
7 4P2-23 #26 WHITE SPARE WAVE HEIGHT SIGNAL
8
9 TBI-5 #26 WHITE INPUT STRAIN GAUGE #1 v
10 4P3-20 #22 BLACK o VOLT REI'URN
11 TBI-6 #26 WHITE INPUT STRAIN GAUGE #2
12 4P3-21 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
13 TBI-7 #26 WHITE INPUT STRAIN GAUGE #3
14 4P3-2 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
15 TBI-8 #26 WHITE INPUT STRAIN GAUGE #4
16 TB4-6 #23 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
17 2PI-7 #26 WHITE TEMPERATURE
18 2PI-6 #.22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
19 5PI-20 #26 WHITE lip FROM T.A. AMP #1
20 2PI-3 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
21 5P2-8 #26 WHITE lip FROM T.A. AMP #2
22 5PI-4 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
23 5P2-21 #26 WHITE liP FROM T.A. AMP #3
24 3P3-3 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
25 4P3-31 #26 WHITE COMMAND RETRANSMIT
-; 117-
AEpendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYSTEM
DECK #6
6P2
PIN TO WIRE ALSO TO WIRE DESIGNATION
1 4P3-12 #26 WHITE CAL VOLT INPUT
2 4P3-11 #26 WHITE CAL COMMAND
3 4P3-23 #22 RED +27 VOLTS SWITCHED
4 SPARE
5 TB2-7 #22 GREEN +6 VOLTS REGULATED
6 TB3-6 #26 WHITE MULTIPLEXED TONES
7 TB3-5 #22 BLACK o VOLT RETURN
8 TEl-II #22 VIOLET -20 VOLTS
9 2Pl-5 #22 VIOLET -20 VOLTS
10 TB3-10 #22 ORANGE +15 VOLTS REGULATED
11 5Pl-5 #22 ORANGE +15 VOLTS REGULATED
12 4P2-22 #22 ORANGE +15 VOLTS REGULATED
13 4P3-9 #22 ORANGE +15 VOLTS REGULATED
k4 2Pl-l #22 ORAliGE +15 VOLTS REGULATED
15 3P3-14 #22 RED/WHITE +25.5 VOLTS REGULATED
16 TB3-8 #22 BLUE -15 VOLTS REGULATED
17 5Pl-6 #22 BLUE -15 VOLTS REGULATED
18 4P2-21 #22 BLUE -15 VOLTS REGULATED
19 4P3-10 #22 BLUE -15 VOLTS REGULATED
20 2Pl-2 #22 BLUE -15 VOLTS REGULATED
21 TBI-IO #22 BLACK 0 VOLTS RETURN
22 TB2-8 #22 BLACK 0 VOLTS RETURN
23 SPARE
24 5Pl-7 #22 BLACK o VOLTS RETURN
25 4P3-19 #22 BLACK o VOLTS RETURN
Appendix B
AIR-SEA TELEMETRY SYS'I'EN
DECK #6
- 118 -
6P3 50 n COAXIAL CONNECTOR BNC MALE
TO WIRE
1P10 RG58ju
DESIGNATION
TRANSMITTER OUTPUT
}