JAMAICA BAY

PLANT CATALOG

JAMAICA BAY REFERENCE LIBRARY

REF 02

Catherine Seavitt Nordenson, editor

JAMAICA BAY PLANT CATALOG

JAMAICA BAY REFERENCE LIBRARY 02

JAMAICA BAY PLANT CATALOG

STRUCTURES OF COASTAL RESILIENCEJamaica Bay TeamSpitzer School of ArchitectureThe City College of New York

Catherine Seavitt Nordenson, editor Associate Professor of Landscape Architecture

Kjirsten AlexanderResearch Associate

Danae AlessiResearch Associate

Eli SandsResearch Assistant

JAMAICA BAY REFERENCE LIBRARYREF 02 Jamaica Bay Plant Catalog

ISBN 978-1-942900-18-4

COPYRIGHT© 2015 Catherine Seavitt Nordenson. All rights reserved.All material is compiled from sources believed to be reliable, but published without responsibility for errors or omissions. We have attempted to contact all copyright holders, but this has not been possible in all circumstances. We apologize for any omissions and, if noted, will amend in any future editions.

CONTACTCatherine Seavitt Nordensoncseavittnordenson@ccny.cuny.eduwww.structuresofcoastalresilience.org

SCR Jamaica Bay TeamThe City College of New York Spitzer School of Architecture Program in Landscape Architecture, Room 2M24A141 Convent Avenue New York, New York 10031

COVERLaughing gull nesting area in Spartina patens at JoCo Marsh, 1990.photo: Don Riepe

supported by

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LOW MARSH

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HIGH MARSH

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TRANSITION SLOPE

DUNE

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SUB AQUATIC

Sub Aquatic elevation range: approx. -4’ to -10’ NAVD 88 varies depending on water clarity

Zostera marina Eelgrass

Dune elevation range: approx. +5 to +16 NAVD 88

Ammophila breviligulata American Beach Grass* **Myrica pensylvanica Bayberry* **Prunus maritima Beach Plum* **Rosa carolina Pasture Rose**Solidago sempervirens Seaside Goldenrod* **

Wetland: Low Salt Marsh elevation range: 0’ to +2.25’ NAVD 88

Spartina alterniflora Smooth Cordgrass* **

Wetland: High Salt Marsh elevation range: +2.25’ to +3.25’ NAVD 88

Distichlis spicata Spike Grass* **Juncus gerardii Black Grass / Saltmeadow Rush*Spartina patens Saltmeadow Cordgrass* **

Transition Slope elevation range: > +3.25’ NAVD 88

Agrostis alba RedtopApocynum cannabinum Indian Hemp*Asclepias syriaca Milkweed* **Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly Milkweed* **Aster laevis Smooth Aster*Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania Sedge* **Eupatorium fistulosum Joe Pye Weed* **Eupatorium hyssopifolium Hyssop-Leaved Thoroughwort*Eupatorium maculatum Spotted Joe Pye Weed*Lechea maritima Beach PinweedLimonium trichogonum Sea LavenderMonarda fistulosa Wild Bergamot* **Panicum virgatum Switchgrass* **Rudbeckia hirta Black-Eyed Susan* **Salicornia subterminalis GlasswortSolidago sempervirens Seaside Goldenrod* **Vernonia noveboracensis Ironweed* **

* used in restoration projects by the US Army Corps of Engineers

** recommended native plant by Natural Resources Group

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GRASSLAND

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVER

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UPLAND SHRUB

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RIDGELINE

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MARITIME FOREST

Grassland elevation range: varies (> +6 NAVD 88)

Andropogon virginicus Broomsedge Bluestem* **Apocynum cannabinum Indian Hemp*Asclepias syriaca Milkweed* **Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly Milkweed* **Aster laevis Smooth Aster*Avena sativa Common Oat*Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania Sedge* **Deschampsia flexuosa Wavy Hairgrass*Eupatorium fistulosum Joe Pye Weed* **Eupatorium hyssopifolium Hyssop-Leaved Thoroughwort*Eupatorim maculatum Spotted Joe Pye Weed* **Monarda fistulosa Wild Bergamot* **Panicum virgatum Switchgrass* **Rudbeckia hirta Black-Eyed Susan* **Schizachyrium scoparium Little Bluestem* **Solidago sempervirens Seaside Goldenrod* **Vernonia noveboracensis Ironweed* **

Upland Shrub elevation range: approx. > +6’ NAVD 88

Amelanchier canadensis Serviceberry* **Aralia nudicaulis Wild Sarsaparilla**Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry*Myrica heterophylla Swamp BayberryMyrica pensylvanica Bayberry* **Prunus maritima Beach Plum* **Rhus copallina Winged Sumac* **Rhus typhina Staghorn Sumac**Vaccinium corymbosum High Bush Blueberry* **

Upland Perennial / Ground Coverelevation range: > +4’ NAVD 88

Artemisia stelleriana Silver Brocade Baccharis halimifolia Sea-myrtle**Cakile edentula American SearocketCirsium horridulum Yellow ThistleHieracium venosum Rattlesnake WeedHudsonia tomentosa Sand HeatherIva frutescens linnaeus Marsh Elder*Lathyrus japonicus Sea PeaParthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia CreeperSmilacina stellata Star-flowered Solomon’s SealToxicodendron radicans Poison Ivy*

Maritime Forestelevation range: ~ > +8’ NAVD 88 to ridgeline

Acer rubrum Red Maple**Betula populifolia Grey Birch* **Celtis occidentalis Hackberry* **Ilex opaca American Holly* **Magnolia virginiana Sweetbay MagnoliaNyssa sylvatica Black Tupelo**Populus deltoides Cottonwood*Prunus serotina Black Cherry* **Quercus stellata Post OakQuercus velutina Black Oak* **Salix pentandra Bay Willow*Sassafras albidum Sassafras

Ridgeline elevation range: varies, typical +12’ to +17’ NAVD 88

Pinus rigida Pitch Pine* **

SUB AQUATIC elevation range: approx. -4’ to -10’ NAVD 88

Zostera marina Eelgrass

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SUB AQUATIC

11

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SUB AQUATIC

Zostera marina Eelgrass

SUB AQUATICElevation range: approx. -4’ to -10’ NAVD 88 varies depending on water clarity

photo: Carol Cloen, DNR

scale: 1/3specimen source: Patuxent Wildlife Research Herbarium

WETLAND: LOW SALT MARSHelevation range: 0’ to +2.25’ NAVD 88

Spartina alterniflora Saltmarsh Cordgrass* **

* used in restoration projects by the US Army Corps of Engineers

** recommended native plant by Natural Resources Group

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LOW MARSH

13

photo: Nelson DeBarros, USDA NRCS PLANTS

Spartina alterniflora Saltmarsh Cordgrass* **

WETLAND: LOW SALT MARSHElevation range: 0 to +2.25 NAVD 88

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LOW MARSH

scale: 1/4specimen sources: Herbarium of Iowa State College / Missouri Botanical Garden

WETLAND: HIGH SALT MARSH elevation range: +2.25’ to +3.25’ NAVD 88

Distichlis spicata Spike Grass* **Juncus gerardii Black Grass / Saltmeadow Rush*Spartina patens Saltmeadow Cordgrass* **

* used in restoration projects by the US Army Corps of Engineers

** recommended native plant by Natural Resources Group

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HIGH MARSH

15

photo: Ron Vanderhoff, University of California, Irvine

Distichlis spicata Spike Grass* **

WETLAND: HIGH SALT MARSH Elevation range: +2.25 to +3.25 NAVD 88

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HIGH MARSH

specimen source: U.S. National Herbariumscale: 1/3

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Juncus gerardii Loisel Black Grass*

WETLAND: HIGH SALT MARSH Elevation range: +2.25 to +3.25 NAVD 88

photo: Biopix, JC Schou

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HIGH MARSH

specimen source: Lund Universityscale: 1/3

17

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HIGH MARSH

Spartina patens Saltmeadow Cordgrass* **

WETLAND: HIGH SALT MARSH Elevation range: +2.25 to +3.25 NAVD 88

photo: tideproject.org

scale: 1/3specimen source: Linnean Society of London Herbarium (LINN)

20 ft

10 ft

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TRANSITION SLOPE

TRANSITION SLOPE elevation range: > +3.25’ NAVD 88

Agrostis alba RedtopApocynum cannabinum Indian Hemp*Asclepias syriaca Milkweed* **Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly Milkweed* **Aster laevis Smooth Aster*Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania Sedge* **Eupatorium fistulosum Joe Pye Weed* **Eupatorium hyssopifolium Hyssop-Leaved Thoroughwort* **Eupatorium maculatum Spotted Joe Pye Weed* **Lechea maritima Beach PinweedLimonium trichogonum Sea LavenderMonarda fistulosa Wild Bergamot* **Panicum virgatum Switchgrass* **Rudbeckia hirta Black-Eyed Susan* **Salicornia subterminalis GlasswortSolidago sempervirens Seaside Goldenrod* **Vernonia noveboracensis Ironweed* **

* used in restoration projects by the US Army Corps of Engineers

** recommended native plant by Natural Resources Group

19

photo: galleryhip.com

Agrostis alba Redtop

TRANSITION SLOPEElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

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TRANSITION SLOPE

specimen source: Herbarium Universitatis Tartuensisscale: 1/3

20

photo: Russ Kleinman, Bill Norris, Kelly Kindscher

Apocynum cannabinum Indian Hemp*

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

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TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

scale: 1/3specimen source: United States National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institution

21

photo: Stefan Lefnaer, Wikipedia

Asclepias syriaca Milkweed* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

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TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

specimen sources: Linnean Society of London Herbarium / New England Botanical Clubscale: 1/3

22

photo: Rus Kleinman, Karen Blisard

Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly Milkweed* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

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TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

scale: 1/3specimen source: Herbarium Desert Botanical Garden

23

photo: galleryhip.com

Aster laevis Smooth Aster*

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

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TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

specimen source: Herbarium of the University of Washingtonscale: 1/3

24

photo: nativeplant.com

Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania Sedge* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

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TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

scale: 1/3specimen source: Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia

25

photo: Centre de Jardin Brossard

Eupatorium fistulosum Joe Pye Weed* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

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TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

specimen source: Carnegie Museum of Natural History Herbarium scale: 1/3

26

photo: Larry Allain, USDA NRCS PLANTS

Eupatorium hyssopifolium Hyssop-Leaved Thoroughwort* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

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TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

scale: 1/3specimen source: Natural History Museum

27

photo: Cody Hough, Wikimedia Commons

Eutrochium maculatum Spotted Joe Pye Weed* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

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TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

specimen source: Academy of Natural Sciences scale: 1/3

28

photo: Omnilexica

Lechea maritima Beach Pinweed

TRANSITION SLOPEElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

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10 ft

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TRANSITION SLOPE

scale: 1/3specimen source: New England Botanical Club

29

photo: hqwallbase.com

Limonium trichogonum Sea Lavender

TRANSITION SLOPEElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

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TRANSITION SLOPE

specimen source: U.S. National Herbariumscale: 1/3

30

photo: Jacob Cline

Monarda fistulosa Wild Bergamot* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

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TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

scale: 1/3specimen source: Herbarium of the University of West Alabama

31

photo: Rose Kennedy Greenway

Panicum virgatum Switchgrass* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

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TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

specimen source: U.S. National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institutionscale: 1/3

32

photo: John Clare

Rudbeckia hirta Black-Eyed Susan* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

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TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

scale: 1/3specimen source: U.S. National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institution

33

photo: Marco Schmidt, Wikipedia

Salicornia subterminalis Glasswort

TRANSITION SLOPEElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

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TRANSITION SLOPE

specimen source: Herbarium of U.S. Department of Agriculturescale: 1/3

34

20 ft

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MHHW

MLLW

TRANSITION SLOPE DUNE GRASSLAND

photo: Bill Hubick

Solidago sempervirens Seaside Goldenrod* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / DUNE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

scale: 1/3specimen source: Herbier Museum Paris

35

photo: Jim Allison

Vernonia noveboracensis Ironweed* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

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MLLW

TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

specimen source: Tall Timbers Research Stationscale: 1/3

* used in restoration projects by the US Army Corps of Engineers

** recommended native plant by Natural Resources Group

DUNE

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DUNE elevation range: approx. +5 to +16 NAVD 88

Ammophila breviligulata American Beach Grass* **Myrica pensylvanica Bayberry* **Prunus maritima Beach Plum* **Rosa carolina Pasture Rose**Solidago sempervirens Seaside Goldenrod* **

37

photo: Wikimedia Creative Commons

Ammophila breviligulata American Beach Grass* **

DUNEElevation range: approx. +5 to +16 NAVD 88

DUNE

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specimen source: The Gray Herbariumscale: 1/3

38

20 ft

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DUNE UPLAND SHRUB

Myrica pensylvanica Bayberry* **

DUNE / UPLAND SHRUBElevation range: approx. +5 to +16 NAVD 88

photo: D. Cameron

scale: 1/3specimen source: Tall Timbers Research Station

39

Prunus maritima Beach Plum* **

DUNE / UPLAND SHRUBElevation range: approx. +5 to +16 NAVD 88

photo: ovsla.com

20 ft

10 ft

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MTL

MHHW

MLLW

DUNE UPLAND SHRUB

specimen source: Emily DeCamp Herbariumscale: 1/3

40

DUNE

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10 ft

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Rosa carolina Pasture Rose**

DUNEElevation range: approx. +5 to +16 NAVD 88

photo: florafinder.com

scale: 1/3specimen source: Herbarium of the University of West Alabama

41

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTL

MHHW

MLLW

TRANSITION SLOPE DUNE GRASSLAND

photo: Bill Hubick

Solidago sempervirens Seaside Goldenrod* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / DUNE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

scale: 1/3specimen source: Herbier Museum Paris

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

GRASSLAND

GRASSLANDelevation range: varies (> +6 NAVD 88)

Andropogon virginicus Broomsedge Bluestem* **Apocynum cannabinum Indian Hemp*Asclepias syriaca Milkweed* **Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly Milkweed* **Aster laevis Smooth Aster*Avena sativa Common Oat*Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania Sedge* **Deschampsia flexuosa Wavy Hairgrass*Eupatorium fistulosum Joe Pye Weed* **Eupatorium hyssopifolium Hyssop-Leaved Thoroughwort*Eupatorim maculatum Spotted Joe Pye Weed* **Monarda fistulosa Wild Bergamot* **Panicum virgatum Switchgrass* **Rudbeckia hirta Black-Eyed Susan* **Schizachyrium scoparium Little Bluestem* **Solidago sempervirens Seaside Goldenrod* **Vernonia noveboracensis Ironweed* **

* used in restoration projects by the US Army Corps of Engineers

** recommended native plant by Natural Resources Group

43

photo: galleryhip.com

Andropogon virginicus Broomsedge Bluestem* **

GRASSLAND Elevation range: varies (> +6 NAVD 88)

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

GRASSLAND

specimen source: Naturhistorisches Museum Wien Botanische Abteilung scale: 1/3

44

photo: Russ Kleinman, Bill Norris, Kelly Kindscher

Apocynum cannabinum Indian Hemp*

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

scale: 1/3specimen source: United States National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institution

45

photo: Stefan Lefnaer, Wikipedia

Asclepias syriaca Milkweed* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

specimen sources: Linnean Society of London Herbarium / New England Botanical Clubscale: 1/3

46

photo: Rus Kleinman, Karen Blisard

Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly Milkweed* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

scale: 1/3specimen source: Herbarium Desert Botanical Garden

47

photo: galleryhip.com

Aster laevis Smooth Aster*

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

specimen source: Herbarium of the University of Washingtonscale: 1/3

photo: Rasbak, Wikimedia Commons

scale: 1/3specimen source: Herbarium of the University of Tennessee

Avena sativa Common Oat*

GRASSLANDElevation range: varies (> +6 NAVD 88)

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

GRASSLAND

48

49

photo: nativeplant.com

scale: 1/3

Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania Sedge* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

specimen source: Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia

50

photo: cruydthoeck.nl

scale: 1/3specimen source: The Natural History Museum, London

Deschampsia flexuosa Wavy Hairgrass*

GRASSLANDElevation range: varies (> +6 NAVD 88)

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

GRASSLAND

51

specimen source: Carnegie Museum of Natural History Herbarium scale: 1/3

photo: Centre de Jardin Brossard

Eupatorium fistulosum Joe Pye Weed* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

52

photo: Larry Allain, USDA NRCS PLANTS

Eupatorium hyssopifolium Hyssop-Leaved Thoroughwort* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

scale: 1/3specimen source: Natural History Museum

53

photo: Cody Hough, Wikimedia Commons

Eutrochium maculatum Spotted Joe Pye Weed* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

specimen source: Academy of Natural Sciences scale: 1/3

54

photo: Jacob Cline

scale: 1/3specimen source: Herbarium of the University of West Alabama

Monarda fistulosa Wild Bergamot* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

55

specimen source: U.S. National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institutionscale: 1/3

photo: Rose Kennedy Greenway

Panicum virgatum Switchgrass* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

56

photo: John Clare

scale: 1/3specimen source: U.S. National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institution

Rudbeckia hirta Black-Eyed Susan* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

57

specimen source: Missouri Botanical Gardenscale: 1/3

photo: rainbowbeachdunes.wordpress.com

Schizachyrium scoparium Little Bluestem* **

GRASSLAND Elevation range: varies (> +6 NAVD 88)

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

GRASSLAND

58

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTL

MHHW

MLLW

TRANSITION SLOPE DUNE GRASSLAND

photo: Bill Hubick

Solidago sempervirens Seaside Goldenrod* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / DUNE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

scale: 1/3specimen source: Herbier Museum Paris

59

photo: Jim Allison

Vernonia noveboracensis Ironweed* **

TRANSITION SLOPE / GRASSLANDElevation range: > +3.25 NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

TRANSITION SLOPE GRASSLAND

specimen source: Tall Timbers Research Stationscale: 1/3

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVER

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVERelevation range: > +4’ NAVD 88

Artemisia stelleriana Silver Brocade Baccharis halimifolia Sea-myrtle**Cakile edentula American SearocketCirsium horridulum Yellow ThistleHieracium venosum Rattlesnake WeedHudsonia tomentosa Sand HeatherIva frutescens linnaeus Marsh Elder*Lathyrus japonicus Sea PeaParthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia CreeperSmilacina stellata Star-flowered Solomon’s SealToxicodendron radicans Poison Ivy*

* used in restoration projects by the US Army Corps of Engineers

** recommended native plant by Natural Resources Group

61

photo: John Phelan, Wikimedia Commons

Artemisia stelleriana Silver Brocade

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVERElevation range: > +4’ NAVD 88

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVER

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

specimen source: University of British Columbia Herbariumscale: 1/3

62

specimen source: The William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Gardenscale: 1/3

photo: Loughmiller, Cambell and Lynn, The University of Texas at Austin

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVER

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

Baccharis halimifolia Sea-myrtle**

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVERElevation range: > +4’ NAVD 88

63

photo: Eleanor Saulys, Connecticut Botanical Society

Cakile edentula Sea Rocket

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVERElevation range: > +4’ NAVD 88

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVER

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

specimen source: Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Gardenscale: 1/3

64

specimen source: University of Texas Herbariumscale: 1/3

photo: Eleanor Saulys, Connecticut Botanical Society

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVER

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

Cirsium horridulum Yellow Thistle

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVERElevation range: > +4’ NAVD 88

65

specimen source: Linnean Society of London Herbariumscale: 1/3

photo: Jane Shelby Richardson, Duke University

Hieracium venosum Rattlesnake Weed

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVERElevation range: > +4’ NAVD 88

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVER

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

66

specimen source: The Academy of Natural Sciencesscale: 1/3

photo: Arthur Haines, New England Wildflower Society

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVER

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

Hudsonia tomentosa Sand Heather

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVERElevation range: > +4’ NAVD 88

67

specimen source: The Academy of Natural Sciencesscale: 1/3

photo: Arthur Haines, New England Wildflower Society

Iva frutescens linnaeus Marsh Elder*

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVERElevation range: > +4’ NAVD 88

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVER

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

68

photo: Peter M. Dziuk, Minnesota Wildflowers

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVER

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

Lathyrus japonicus Sea Pea

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVERElevation range: > +4’ NAVD 88

specimen source: The Gray Herbarium, Harvard Universityscale: 1/3

69

photo: SCR Jamaica Bay

Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia Creeper

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVERElevation range: > +4’ NAVD 88

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVER

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

specimen source: Herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum, Harvard Universityscale: 1/3

70

photo: Paul Slichter, science.halleyhosting.com

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVER

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

Smilacina stellata Star-flowered Solomon’s Seal

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVERElevation range: > +4’ NAVD 88

specimen source: The Gray Herbarium, Harvard Universityscale: 1/3

71

photo: Wikipedia

Toxicodendron radicans Poison Ivy*

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVERElevation range: > +4’ NAVD 88

UPLAND PERENNIAL / GROUND COVER

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

specimen source: Troy University Herbariumscale: 1/3

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

UPLAND SHRUB

UPLAND SHRUB elevation range: approx. > +6’ NAVD 88

Amelanchier canadensis Serviceberry* **Aralia nudicaulis Wild Sarsaparilla**Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry*Myrica heterophylla Swamp BayberryMyrica pensylvanica Bayberry* **Prunus maritima Beach Plum* **Rhus copallina Winged Sumac* **Rhus typhina Staghorn Sumac**Vaccinium corymbosum High Bush Blueberry* **

* used in restoration projects by the US Army Corps of Engineers

** recommended native plant by Natural Resources Group

73

photo: John Harrod, The Nature of Delaware

Amelanchier canadensis Serviceberry* **

UPLAND SHRUBElevation range: approx. > +6’ NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

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UPLAND SHRUB

specimen source: Academy of Natural Sciencesscale: 1/3

74

photo: Louis-M. Landry, UC Regents

Aralia nudicaulis Wild Sarsaparilla**

UPLAND SHRUBElevation range: approx. > +6’ NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

UPLAND SHRUB

specimen source: National Botanic Garden of Belgiumscale: 1/3

75

photo: Wikimedia Commons

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry*

UPLAND SHRUBElevation range: approx. > +6’ NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

UPLAND SHRUB

specimen source: United States National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institutionscale: 1/3

76

specimen source: Herbarium of Northeast Louisiana Universityscale: 1/3

photo: src.sfasu.edu

Myrica heterophylla Swamp Bayberry

UPLAND SHRUBElevation range: approx. > +6’ NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

UPLAND SHRUB

77

scale: 1/3

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTL

MHHW

MLLW

DUNE UPLAND SHRUB

Myrica pensylvanica Bayberry* **

DUNE / UPLAND SHRUBElevation range: approx. +5 to +16 NAVD 88

specimen source: Tall Timbers Research Station

photo: D. Cameron

78

Prunus maritima Beach Plum* **

DUNE / UPLAND SHRUBElevation range: approx. +5 to +16 NAVD 88

specimen source: Emily DeCamp Herbariumscale: 1/3

photo: ovsla.com

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTL

MHHW

MLLW

DUNE UPLAND SHRUB

79

specimen source: Linnean Society of London Herbariumscale: 1/3

photo: Ethan M. Dropkin, Cornell University

Rhus copallina Winged Sumac* **

UPLAND SHRUBElevation range: approx. > +6’ NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

UPLAND SHRUB

80

specimen source: Linnean Society of London Herbariumscale: 1/3

photo: Jean Gregory Evans

Rhus typhina Staghorn Sumac**

UPLAND SHRUBElevation range: approx. > +6’ NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

UPLAND SHRUB

81

specimen source: Academy of Natural Sciencesscale: 1/3

photo: vfthomas.com

Vaccinium corymbosum High Bush Blueberry* **

UPLAND SHRUBElevation range: approx. > +6’ NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

UPLAND SHRUB

RIDGELINEelevation range: varies, typical +12’ to +17’ NAVD 88

Pinus rigida Pitch Pine* **

* used in restoration projects by the US Army Corps of Engineers

** recommended native plant by Natural Resources Group

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

RIDGELINE

83

photo: Wikipedia, public domain

Pinus rigida Pitch Pine* **

RIDGELINE Elevation range: +varies, typical +12’ to +17’ NAVD 88

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

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RIDGELINE

specimen source: Herbarium of the University of North Carolinascale: 1/3

MARITIME FORESTelevation range: ~ > +8’ NAVD 88 to ridgeline

Acer rubrum Red Maple**Betula populifolia Grey Birch* **Celtis occidentalis Hackberry* **Ilex opaca American Holly* **Magnolia virginiana Sweetbay MagnoliaNyssa sylvatica Black Tupelo**Populus deltoides Cottonwood*Prunus serotina Black Cherry* **Quercus stellata Post OakQuercus velutina Black Oak* **Salix pentandra Bay Willow*Sassafras albidum Sassafras

* used in restoration projects by the US Army Corps of Engineers

** recommended native plant by Natural Resources Group

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

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MARITIME FOREST

85

specimen source: U.S. National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institutionscale: 1/3

photo: South African National Biodiversity Institute, National Herbarium, Pretoria

Acer rubrum Red Maple**

MARITIME FORESTElevation range: ~ > +8’ NAVD 88 to ridgeline

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

MARITIME FOREST

86

photo: www.illinoiswildflowers.info

Betula populifolia Grey Birch* **

MARITIME FORESTElevation range: ~ > +8’ NAVD 88 to ridgeline

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

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MARITIME FOREST

specimen source: The Academy of Natural Sciencesscale: 1/3

87

photo: Will Cook, www.carolinanature.com

Celtis occidentalis Hackberry* **

MARITIME FORESTElevation range: ~ > +8’ NAVD 88 to ridgeline

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

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MARITIME FOREST

specimen source: Royal Botanic Gardensscale: 1/3

88

specimen source: The Gray Herbarium, Harvard Universityscale: 1/3

photo: Missouri Botanical Garden

Ilex opaca American Holly* **

MARITIME FORESTElevation range: ~ > +8’ NAVD 88 to ridgeline

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

MARITIME FOREST

89

specimen source: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kewscale: 1/3

photo: Derek Ramsey, Wikimedia Creative Commons

Magnolia virginiana Sweetbay Magnolia

MARITIME FORESTElevation range: ~ > +8’ NAVD 88 to ridgeline

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

MARITIME FOREST

photo: flickrhivemind.net

Nyssa sylvatica Black Tupelo**

MARITIME FORESTElevation range: ~ > +8’ NAVD 88 to ridgeline

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

MARITIME FOREST

specimen source: The Natural History Museum, Londonscale: 1/3

90

91

photo: Dave Powell, USDA

Populus deltoides Cottonwood*

MARITIME FORESTElevation range: ~ > +8’ NAVD 88 to ridgeline

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

MARITIME FOREST

specimen source: Troy University Herbariumscale: 1/3

92

specimen source: Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden scale: 1/3

photo: Dennis Profant

Prunus serotina Black Cherry* **

MARITIME FORESTElevation range: ~ > +8’ NAVD 88 to ridgeline

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

MARITIME FOREST

93

specimen source: University of Illinois Herbarium scale: 1/3

photo: Marlene Hahn

Quercus stellata Post Oak

MARITIME FORESTElevation range: ~ > +8’ NAVD 88 to ridgeline

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

MARITIME FOREST

94

specimen source: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kewscale: 1/3

photo: Wikipedia, Hochgeladen von Willow

Quercus velutina Black Oak* **

MARITIME FORESTElevation range: ~ > +8’ NAVD 88 to ridgeline

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

MARITIME FOREST

95

specimen source: Universidad Nacional de Colombiascale: 1/3

photo: Wikimedia Commons, MPF

Salix pentandra Bay Willow*

MARITIME FORESTElevation range: ~ > +8’ NAVD 88 to ridgeline

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

MARITIME FOREST

96

photo: perverdonk.com

Sassafras albidum Sassafras

MARITIME FORESTElevation range: ~ > +8’ NAVD 88 to ridgeline

20 ft

10 ft

-10 ft

MTLMHHW

MLLW

MARITIME FOREST

specimen source: Herbarium of the University of North Carolina at Wilmingtonscale: 1/3