Johannes Karstensen, Leibniz Institute for Marine Sciences IFM-GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany
Jens Greinert, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research NIOZ, Texel, Netherlands
Richard Lampitt, National Oceanography Centre NERC-NOC, Southampton, UK
Monty Priede, Oceanlab, University of Aberdeen, Newburgh, UK
Fiona Grant, MI Marine Institute, Galway, Ireland
Outline
● Some examples Deep Sea Observatories
● Associated problems
● The MODOO concept
● The MODOO application to PAP
● Conclusion & Outlook
A 1000 kg tomography receiver getting ready for deep sea deployment
Eulerian ObservatoriesObservations are “fixed” in space - Time series
• Can be stand-alone or cabled
• Cabled: high bandwidth real-time data (e.g. Geohazard)
• Can carry “heavy” equipment
• Can host many sensors
• No spatial (horizontal) information
• Expensive (cabled - very expensive!)
Example:US Ocean Observatory Initiative
● Will be an impressive installation● Cabled and stand-alone ● Global/Regional/Coastal scale nodes● Long term (>10 years) installations● Air/sea to sub-sea floor● Cyber-infrastructure:
real-time sensor event-control
Example:US Ocean Observatory Initiative
• Sensor List:CTD, fluorometer, hydrophone passive, PIES, mass spectrometer, Met-package, nutrients, PAR, pCO2, pH, zooplankton, bottom pressure, seismometer, irradiance, temp. seafloor, velocity, wave spectra, water sampler
50 km
Global Node
Regional Node
EuroSITES• Kate Larkin's talk
• FP7 Project
• Nine deep sea observatories (North Atlantic & Mediterranean)
• Science: water column processes
• No coherent observatory design BUT coherent methodologies (data QC, data flow, synergy).
ESONET NoEEuropean Sea Observatory Network of Excellence
• Define requirements for a European Deep Sea observatory network
• Potential observatory sites evaluated
• Demonstration Missions (6) to apply “theoretical” concepts to real worlde.g. standardization and interoperability
• MODOO is one DM
Example:Multiparameteric Benthic lander
Instrumentation:(1) Still camera system/flash (BENTHOS)(2 & 3) Up (300kHz) and down (1200 kHz) looking ADCP(4) MAVS-3/OBS (NOBSKA) (5) CTD (SBE16plus)(6) Data logger (UMI) for optical sensors(7) Sediment trap (K.U.M.)
Multiparametric Eulerian observatory for benthic boundary research
No water column (except ADCP)No real-time data
Example:Multiparameteric Benthic lander
Sensors operated autonomousNo common time-line available!Common time-line is crucial for
Multiparametric analysis of Currents, T/S, backscatter, photography, particle load
MODOOMODOO – Modular and mobile
Deep Ocean ObservatoryProvide a concept to integrate
multiple stand-alone observatories into “one” coherent network
Demonstrate a joint EuroSITES and ESONET NoE observatory – applying principle of both projects to a real observatory
Up to 1 year deploymentsOpen ocean
MODOOAt Porcupine Abyssal Plain
Connects PAP mooring with BOBO lander
Observatory from atmosphere to sub-seafloor (4500m water depth)
Synchonized and central logging of multiple sources of data
Real time data access “Event control” of sensors
by 2-way communication
MODOOComponents
“Heart” of MODOO:Data collection & dissemination
node (DCD node)Records 8+ instruments/sensor
data Seriell & inductive connectionAdds time stamp to all data
(drift <3sec/yr)Acoustic underwater telemetry
MODOOAt Porcupine Abyssal Plain
Science Missions:Follow propagation of signals from
surface to the deep oceanDetect deep sea marine lifeRecord seismic activity and bottom
pressure variations
MODOOInstrumentation
depth
T/C/p 10 depth 0-300m
Nitrate 30m
Fluoresence/Chl-a 30m
Oxygen 30m
PCO2, pH 30m
Backscatter 30m
Sediment trap 1000m,3000m, 4000m
Meteorology (wind, air pressure,)
Surface
Engineering 3-d accelerometer
• Mooring instrumentation (most real time)
MODOOInstrumentation
Connect to DCD node
2-way communication
T/CCurrentsBackscatter
✔ ✔ (ADCP)
Passive acoustics - -
Sediment trap ✔ ✔
Oxygen ✔ -
Seismometer ✔ ✔
Bottom Pressure ✔ -
Camera ✔ ✔
Engineering ✔ -
• BOBO Lander instrumentation
MODOO:Data flow
MODOO website
Conclusion
• MODOO is a simple concept to link observatory components/modules into a “network”:
– data from all sensors is at least logged in one device (DCD node)
– DCD node provide a common time line - mandatory for multiparameteric analysis of data
– DCD node allow data access (real-time, periodically) via acoustic link – monitoring & event control
– Aubitrary modules can be integrated into MODOO
• First MODOO application @ PAP: Deployment in May 2010 / Recovery September 2010
Outlook - MOLAB: A MODOO application for mesoscale benthic research
Outlook - MOLAB: A MODOO application for mesoscale benthic research
Outlook - MOLAB: A MODOO application for mesoscale benthic research
• Hydrothermal vents • Cold Water corals• Benthic Flux studies• …• Financed last week by the German Ministry of Science and Education• First test installation:
Baltic Sea later this year
Acknowledgment
EC for the FP6 contract #36851 ESONET NoE
EC for the FP7 contract #202955 EuroSITES
Satellite Lander Module: Boundary layer time series ADCP currents, C/T & Digiquartz Pressure, Fluorometer,
Turbidity, Oxygen, pH
Eddy correlation Module: Short term flux experiments Oxygen Microelectrode, Oxygen Optode, Fast response
Temperature, Current shear
Mooring Module: Horizontal & vertical gradients ADCP currents, C/T/pressure, Fluorometer, Turbidity,
Oxygen Optode
Outlook - MOLAB: A MODOO application for mesoscale benthic research
Eddy correlation Module:– Short term flux
experiments– Oxygen Microelectrode,
Oxygen Optode, Fast response Temperature, Current shear
Outlook - MOLAB: A MODOO application for mesoscale benthic research
