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INTRODUCING FOODWASTE COLLECTIONS: KEY LEARNINGS FROM AUCKLAND’S PILOT TRIALS

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1. Ian Stupple, Manager, Solid Waste

Overview

2. Danielle Kennedy, Project Manager, Waste Minimisation

Trial evaluation and key findings

3. Warwick Jaine, Operations Manager, Solid Waste,

Organics collection – approach and methodology

4. Questions

PRESENTATION OUTLINE

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….the most liveable

city in the world

….goal of Zero Waste

by 2040

….turning waste into

resources

Reduce kerbside

refuse by 30% by 2018

Waste

Management

and

Minimisation

Plan

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WMMP

• Regional consistency

• User pays refuse

• Enhanced recycling

• Urban food waste collections

• Resource recovery network

• Inorganic collections

• Waste minimisation programmes

• Targeted community engagement

• Communications

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• Largest proportion of waste stream

• 130,000 t/yr to landfill (~90,000 t/yr

in kerbside refuse)

• Mature green waste industry

• Mixed collection adds volume/cost

WHY FOOD WASTE ONLY?

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• Test before roll out to region

• Manage risk – clarify volumes for processing

• System design – participation, set out rates,

contamination

• Assess resident behaviours

• Determine customer satisfaction, barriers, benefits

• Identify improvements to build on best practice

WHY A PILOT TRIAL?

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• Simple and easy to use

• More attractive than refuse bin - reduce ‘yuck

factor’

• Pay As You Throw (PAYT)

• Best practice

• Represent Auckland demographics - ethnicity,

income and household type

TRIAL DESIGN – KEY CONSIDERATIONS

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AUCKLAND DEMOGRAPHICS - ETHNICITY

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• 23 Litre kerbside bin

• 6 litre caddy

• Compostable bags

• Collateral/information

• Weekly organics collection

• Fortnightly rubbish collection

• Initial 4 month trial period

TRIAL SCOPE

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WHAT WE DID……..

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• Letter box

Postcard advising of trial

• Door

WasteWise Advisors

Calling card (prior to bin delivery)

• Bin delivery

How to booklet

Tag with first collection date

Collection calendar/fridge magnet

WHAT WE DID - COLLATERAL AND INFO..

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Accepted and unaccepted items

13

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Feedback Tags

14

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• Face to face

WasteWise Advisors

• Audits

Contamination bin tags

• Customer Services

RFS, RFI, other

• On-line

FAQs

Story board (8 languages)

How to video

WHAT WE DID - COLLATERAL AND INFO..

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COUNCIL WEBSITE – HOW TO VIDEO

D:\AC2664_OrganicsTrial_video-FINAL.mp4

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WASTEWISE ADVISORS

• Proactive face-to-face

• 2,000 households door to door before the trial

• Visited large families

• Follow up for undelivered bins, rubbish out on wrong

day, incorrect items, compostable liners

• Conducted contamination audits

• Well received, positive feedback

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WASTEWISE ADVISORS

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MEDIA INTEREST……

• Paul Henry show

• NZ Herald

• TV1 (with independent evaluation)

• TV3 media video

• Radio

• Chinese Herald/TV33

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KEY FINDINGS – COLLECTIONS &PROCESSING

PARAMETER FINDING

Participation rate 72%

Average weekly set-out rate

48%

Contamination rate

0.7%

Weight (participating household)

4.0kg/week

Capture rate for Auckland

~45,000 tpy

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TRIAL EVALUATION AND KEY FINDINGS - DANIELLE KENNEDY

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• Audits

• SWAP analysis – pre & during

• Contamination audit (week 11)

• Collections & processing

• Volume, participation, capture, set out rate, contamination

• Quantitative

• Demographics – age, income, rent/own home, ethnicity

• Survey to gauge initial response (week 3)

• Follow-up survey currently in progress

• Qualitative

• In-home depth interviews (week 11)

• Exit Interviews proposed

EVALUATING THE TRIAL

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AUDIT FINDINGS

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Overall kerbside refuse Before - March

’14

During - August

’14 Difference

Food waste 3.22 kg 1.51 kg 1.71 kg

Compostable green waste 0.41 kg 0.56 kg -0.15 kg

Paper towels & tissues 0.24 kg 0.19 kg 0.05 kg

Non-compostable green

waste 0.06 kg 0.01 kg 0.05 kg

Recyclables 0.82 kg 0.74 kg 0.08 kg

All other 2.27 kg 2.30 kg -0.03 kg

Total 7.01 kg 5.31 kg 1.70 kg

SWAP – BEFORE AND DURING

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Overall organic waste % of total Wt/ organic waste

bin

Food waste 94.9% 3.61 kg

Compostable green waste 0.5% 0.02 kg

Paper towels & tissues 3.4% 0.13 kg

Timber, ash and sawdust 0.0% 0.00 kg

Soil and rocks 0.0% 0.00 kg

Other contamination 1.1% 0.04 kg

Total 100.0% 3.80 kg

SWAP – COMPOSITION OF ORGANIC WASTE

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QUANTITATIVE SURVEY

KEY FINDINGS

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MAIN METHOD OF FOOD WASTE DISPOSAL Q5A. How do you usually dispose of food waste (e.g. vegetable and fruit scraps and other food waste) in

your household? (excludes any use of the organics trial bins)

21%

45% 3%

26%

1% 3% 2%

composting

rubbish collection

bury

kitchen disposal unit

chickens /pets

worm farm /bokashi

garden bag / bin

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COMMUNICATION AND ENGAGEMENT Q14. Thinking about the service interaction you had when you spoke to a Waste Wise Advisor to what extent do you agree or disagree that council staff were:

Base: All respondents who spoke to a WasteWise Advisor (or council staff) at home (70%) n=240.

93% 92% 95%

66%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

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COMMUNICATION AND ENGAGEMENT Q14. Thinking about the service interaction you had when you called council to what extent do you agree

or disagree that council staff were:

Base: All respondents who called council about the trial (10%) n= 32.

91% 85%

91% 90%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

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COMMUNICATION AND ENGAGEMENT Q15. Have you discussed the trial …

Note: Results for discussion within the household excludes single person households.

93%

64% 74%

4%

within household with friends /neighbours in trial

area

with friends /neighbours outside

trial area

anything else (e.g.using social media)

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

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IMPACT ON HOUSEHOLD FINANCES Q16. Thinking about what you know about the organics collection trial in

your area, to what extent, if at all do you agree or disagree the trial will

save my household money?

46%

72%

43%

32%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

agree/strongly agree

TOTAL

Northcote

Milford

Takapuna

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IS THE ORGANICS COLLECTION A GOOD IDEA (WK3)? Q20A. Overall, do you think the organics collection trial is a good idea for Auckland, or not?

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Good/very good idea

TOTAL

Northcote

Milford

Takapuna

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WILL YOUR HOUSEHOLD USE THE SERVICE? (WK3)

90%

3% 1% 3% 2% 1%

yes

pretty sure

not sure

unlikely

definitely not

don’t know

Q22. Does your household plan to take part in the organics trial by using the new organics bin ?

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WILL YOUR HOUSEHOLD USE THE SERVICE?(WK15)

75%

10%

6% 5%

4%

0.4%

yes

pretty sure

not sure

unlikely

definitely not

don’t know

Q17. Given that the organics collection is now going to continue in your area permanently, do

you think your household will use the organics collection service from now on?

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QUALITATIVE INTERVIEWS

KEY FINDINGS

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• Householders understood participation was optional

• Information was clearly communicated

• Education materials were memorable and clear

• Bins were delivered without problem

• How to use the bins and service seemed clear

• Householders had positive engagements with WWA and bin delivery staff

TRIAL SERVICE FEEDBACK

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• Successful message delivery:

‘organics waste collection is to reduce landfill’

• High awareness of neighbour and street activity, so need to develop a critical mass of participation to foster social norms (similar to kerbside recycling)

KEY LEARNINGS

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• Participants: willing to give it a go, depending on the perceived effort required

• Non-participants tended either to be:

o people in ‘stressed’ circumstances

o already felt ‘not contributing to landfill’, e.g. composting

o lower motivation to change – why bother?

o Physical barriers

• Managing smells and noxious products such as nappies were main concerns for fortnightly collection of rubbish.

KEY LEARNINGS

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• 23 litre kerbside bin

• 6 litre caddy

• Compostable liners

• Weekly organics collection

• 2 weekly rubbish collection • Trial now extending beyond four months

KEY LEARNINGS

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• Organics trial will continue until service roll-out 2016/17

• New trials:

• Expand organics trial on North Shore

• Trials in South Auckland

• Edmund Hillary School

• Manurewa - ‘challenging’ street

• Multi-unit dwelling trial 2015

WHERE TO FROM HERE?

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COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

• Focus on community engagement and education

• Working with community partners and networks

• Approach to foster buy-in and service uptake by low

socio-economic communities

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COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

Communities making the most of Waste.mp4

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ORGANIC COLLECTIONS: METHODOLOGY OPTIONS.

WARWICK JAINE, OPERATIONS MANAGER

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COUNCIL’S STRATEGY TO SAFETY

• Council must be satisfied that all H&S risks associated with any collection system and design, have been fully assessed.

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3 options for consideration:

• Automation

• Semi automation

• Manual handling

COLLECTION OPTIONS

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COUNCIL’S APPROACH

• Preferred collection methodology in

development

• Work in progress for Council review include:

• International best practice review – scan of what’s

happening elsewhere

• H&S review - subject matter expert engaged

• Ergonomic review - subject matter expert engaged

• Internal workshops – includes front line staff

• Utilising Industry expertise – via WasteMinz

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KEY CONSIDERATIONS

Level of acceptance by householders and operators.

Storage space on property - bin size

Householder perceptions and attitudes

Contamination management - Bylaws

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• 60 ltr MFB

• 23-25 ltr

BIN OPTIONS

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KEY CONSIDERATIONS

Maximising participation

Manual handling - H&S views

Cost of service – total cost of ownership

Bin costs vs collection costs vs processing

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AUTOMATIC HANDLING

kerbside bin (60 to 80 litre) modified with an internal false floor to reduce capacity to 23-25L)

Bin mechanically picked up by collection operator and emptied into the vehicle .

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SEMI-AUTOMATIC HANDLING

Kerbside bin capacity = 23-25 litres

Bin is picked up by the operator (operator is external from the vehicle to handle the bin) and placed into a larger bin (≥ 240 litres) or similar.

When full, this is mechanically emptied into the collection vehicle

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MANUAL HANDLING

Kerbside bin capacity = 23-25 litres

Bin is picked up by the operator and placed directly into the collection vehicle

Operator is external from the vehicle to handle the bin empty

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KERBSIDE COLLECTION – COUNCILS CURRENT POSITION

23 to 25 litre kerbside container (ergonomically design)

LEV - Vehicle payload capacity = 3 -5 tonne

Single operator

Manual handling

Appropriate management of the system

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QUESTIONS?

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THANK YOU

DISCLAIMER:

Although all reasonable and due care has been taken, Auckland Council

does not warrant that any information in this presentation is accurate and

correct. We accept no responsibility for any loss or damage resulting from

the use of the information and any person relying on the information does

so at their own risk.

Auckland Council strongly recommends that any person intending to rely

on the information should independently verify its accuracy.