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236

5

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http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/body_basics/female_reproductive_system.html

DO NOW:Label the following parts of the female reproductive system:

Ovary, Egg, Endometrium, Cervix, Uterus, Fallopian Tubes, Vagina

Ovary Egg

Endometrium

Cervix

Uterus

Fallopian tubes

Vagina

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Primary Follicle, Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Endometrium

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Primary Follicle, Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Endometrium

Ovaries

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Primary Follicle, Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Endometrium

Label the picture: Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Primary Follicle, Mature Follicle

Corpus Luteum

Mature Follicle

Ovulation

Primary Follicle

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Primary Follicle, Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Endometrium

Ovaries

1. On what day of the menstrual cycle does ovulation occur?

2. What happens to the follicle during the first 14 days?

3. What happens to the follicle during the last 14 days?

Day 14th.

The follicle develops and the cells surroundings the egg enlarge

The follicle turns yellow (Corpus Luteum) and desintegrates

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Primary Follicle, Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Endometrium

Ovaries

http://course.zju.edu.cn/532/study/theory/2/Genital%20system/Menstrual%20cycle.swf

Endometrium

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Primary Follicle, Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Endometrium

• The endometrium is a thick, soft lining of the uterus wall made up of tissue and blood.

• The lining contained nutrients that would be needed to nourish a growing baby if pregnancy was to occur.

ThicknessOfEndometrium

Endometrium

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Primary Follicle, Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Endometrium

1. What is the endometrium?

ThicknessOf

Endometrium

Endometrium

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Primary Follicle, Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Endometrium

It is a thick, soft lining of the uterus wall made up of blood tissue and mucus

2. How does the endometrium (uterus lining) change over the menstrual cycle?

Thicknessof

Endometrium

The endometrium stays thick until day 28th.

Menstruation•Day 1 to 5•Lining of the uterus breaks down•Blood, mucus and the unfertilized egg are discharged through the vagina

The lining of the uterus thickens until day 14th , in preparation for receiving a fertilized egg.

Endometrium

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Primary Follicle, Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Endometrium

ThicknessOf

Endometrium

Endometrium

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Primary Follicle, Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Endometrium

3. On what day(s) of the cycle the menstruation occur? Days 1 through 5

6. Where are FSH & LH produced?

7. Where are Estrogen & Progesterone released?

Hormones

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Primary Follicle, Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Endometrium

They are released in the brain

They are released in the ovary

Hormones

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Primary Follicle, Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Endometrium

8. Compare the hormones levels of LH, FSH, estrogen & progesterone. What do FSH & LH have in common?

What do estrogen & progesterone have in common? How are they different?

They show the same pattern, having a peak just before day 14th

• Their pattern looks like a hill. • Estrogen highest level occurs just before day 14th; progesterone highest level

occurs after day 14th.

1. On what day do FSH & LH reach the maximum concentrations? 2. What is happening with regard to the ovary at this point? 3. On what day does estrogen reach the maximum concentrations?  4. What is happening with regard to the endometrium at this point?  5. On what day does progesterone reach the maximum concentrations? 6. What is happening with regard to the endometrium at this point?  7. What roles do progesterone & estrogen play in the menstrual cycle? 8. What roles do FSH & LH play in the menstrual cycle?

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Primary Follicle, Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Endometrium

1. On what day do FSH & LH reach the maximum concentrations?

2. What is happening with regard to the ovary at this point?

3. On what day does estrogen reach the maximum concentrations?  

4. What is happening with regard to the endometrium at this point?  

Just before day 14th.

Ovulation: The egg is released from the ovary to the fallopian tubes

Endometrium thickens and develops new tissue

From day 10th to 13th.

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Primary Follicle, Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Endometrium

7. What roles do progesterone & estrogen play in the menstrual cycle?

 

8. What roles do FSH & LH play in the menstrual cycle?

6. What is happening with regard to the endometrium at this point?

The endometrium is prepared to received a fertilized egg

FSH & LH develop and mature the primary follicle, and they cause ovulation

Progesterone & estrogen thicken and develop the endometrium

5. On what day does progesterone reach the maximum concentrations?

During the last 14 days

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Primary Follicle, Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Endometrium

Men

stru

atio

n

Fol

licu

le S

tage

Ovu

lati

on

Cor

pu

s L

ute

um

S

tage

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Primary Follicle, Corpus Luteum, Ovulation, Endometrium

Men

stru

atio

n

Slide 16.38

Once puberty is reached, female begins a regular cycle of about 28 days.

An egg is release at about day 14 (ovulation)

Estrogen and progesterone prepare the lining of the uterus

Progesterone maintains the uterine lining throughout pregnancy.

If an egg is not fertilized, the levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease, and the lining of the uterus breaks down. (Menstruation)

A temporary suspension of the menstrual cycle normally occurs during pregnancy

The permanent cessation of the menstrual cycle is known as menopause

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Puberty, ovulation, menstruation, menopause

Menstruation & Menopause

Phases of the menstrual cycle

FSH hormone level

LH hormone level

Estrogen hormone level

Progesterone hormone level

What happens in the ovary?

What happens in the uterus?

Menstruation Corpus Luteum StageFollicle Stage Ovulation

Very low level Very low level High level Very low level

Very low level Very low level Very high level Very low level

Low level IncreasesReaches highest level

DecreasesMedium-High level

MaintainsMedium-High level

Very low level Very low level Very low levelIncreasesReaches highest level

Primary FollicleEnlarges + Develops

Primary FollicleEnlarges + Develops

Egg is released intoFallopian Tubes

Primary Follicle turnsinto Corpus LuteumCL degenerates

Endometrium breaks down & flows away with the egg

A new endometrium is formed & developed

Endometrium is well developed & ready to accept fertilized egg

Endometrium maintains its thickness

Graph A: Hormones From Pituitary Gland

FSH Concentration (units/mL)

20 80 15 60 10 40 5 20 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

Day of Cycle

Graph B: Sex Hormones from Ovary 250 200 20

150 15

100 10

50 5

0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

Day of Cycle

FSH

Con

cent

rati

on (

unit

s/m

L)

LH

Con

cent

rati

on (

unit

s/m

L)

Est

roge

n C

once

ntra

tion

(un

its/

mL

)

Pro

gest

eron

eCon

cent

rati

on (

unit

s/m

L)

Do Now:List 4 things you learned about the menstrual cycle yesterday.

Objective: Understand the Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

New Words: Puberty, ovulation, menstruation, menopause