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Overview of MedicalMicrobiology in relation to

human health 1

Dr F Noordeen

Department of Microbiology

Faculty of Medicine

Peradeniya

March 2013

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Learning outcomes

To internalize the interactions of micro andmacro-organisms with human beings

To state why medical undergraduates needto know about micro and macro-organisms

To list what medical microbiologists andparasitologists do

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Microbial world

Biological world composed of microbes

Microorganisms are

Unicellular

Too small to be seen by the naked eye

Predominate in relation to biomass and number

of species Microbial colonies / communities can be seen

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Archaea

Bacteria

Algae

Protozoa

Fungi

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Where are micro-organisms found?

Everywhere water is found! Wherever any higher forms of l ife are present

Microbes from Space

ASM News 71 (4): 179-186

Normal flora of the humanbody

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Fermentation in the food industry!

OF USE TO MAN OF USE TO MAN OF USE TO MAN OF USE TO MAN

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Thiobacil lus thiooxidans + sulpher

Removes radiioactively contaminatedsurface layers of concrete

Industrial microbiology

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Sewage treatment facili ty

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Antimicrobial agents

vaccines

Pharmaceutical microbiology

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Biotechnology

Drugs /hormones prepared

by recombinant technology

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Microorganisms benefit humans

Essential for maintaining balance of natureand sustaining l ife

Food production

Waste removal

Antibiotic production

Production of vaccines

Microorganisms are ubiquitous

Microorganisms are abundant

Most microorganisms are non pathogens

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Food microbiology

Agricultural microbiology

Increased risk of microbes entering food chain

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Intense animal husbandry

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy

United kingdom 1985-1995

PRIONS

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Bioterrorism

In 1763 in the New World,

smallpox infected blankets were distributed

to Native Americans startingan epidemic which kil led thousands.

Controversy stil l exists as to whether

this was deliberate bioterrorism or a tragic mistake,

though there were several instances of this happening.

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Bird flu

I think I may have bird flu!!

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HIV / AIDS

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Microbiologists study microscopic life.

They seek to understand how bacteria,viruses and other microorganisms

behave and how they affect the world

especially our world for good or ill

(Bernard Dixon ASM News 1997 63(3)

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Medical microbiologists

and

Parasitologists

(those who work with

microorganismsin relation to human health)

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Set up a diagnostic service

Infection control in hospital

Prevention of infections in communityAntibiotic use and misuse

Advice on policy related to humaninfections

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Departments of Microbiology &

Parasitology Academic staff -

Microbiology

Dr F Noordeen (Head) Dr CN Ratnatunga Prof V Thevanesam

Dr VLC Liynapathirana Dr BN Dissanayake

Non academic staff Technical Clerical Lab attendants and

Labourer

Academic staff Parasitology

Dr D Iddawela (Head)

Dr R Morel

Dr DN Atapattu Dr S Wickramasinghe

Non academic staff

Technical

Clerical

Lab attendant

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Medical Microbiology and Parasitology

Learn about micro-organisms whichcause disease in human host

Prove causation

Organism Disease Disease Organisms

Diagnose specific cause of aninfection

Antimicrobials which are used intreatment

Prevention of infection