Labor Standards Course Outline Complete)

8/3/2019 Labor Standards Course Outline Complete)

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Labor Standards Course OutlineAtty. Angelo A. Jimenez

New Era University College of Law (!st Semester, AY 2011-2012)

Main Sources:

Constitution of the PhilippinesLabor Code and Implementing Rules and RegulationsOther Assigned ReadingsRecommended Textbook: The Labor Code with Comments and Cases, Azucena, 7th Ed.

I. INTROUCTION TO LABOR LAWA. Definition of Labor LawB. Bases of Labor Law: Police Power of the State

St. Lukes Medical Center Employeess Foundation-AFW (SLMCEA-AFW) v.NLRC, 517 SCRA 677 (2007)

C. Goal: Social Justice, Industrial Peace and Balancing of InterestConstitution, Art. II, Sec. 10; Art. XIII, Secs. 13Calalang v. Williams,70 Phil 726 (1940)Tirazona v. Phil. EDS Techno-Service, Inc. 576 SCRA 625 (2009)Hotel Enterprises of the Phils. V. Samahan ng mga Manggagawa sa Hyatt 588SCRA 497 (2009)Ha Yuan Restaurant v. NLRC, G.R. No. 147719 (Jan 27, 2006)

D. Limits on the Application of the Social Justice PrinciplePLDT v. NLRC, 164 SCRA 671 (G.R. No. 80609 23 Aug. 1988)

E. Management PrerogativeConstitution,Art. XIII, Sec. 3Industrial Timber Corporation v. Ababon, 480 SCRA 171 (2006)

F. Classification1. Labor Standards2. Labor Relations3. Social Security Legislation

G. Labor Sources of Rights and Benefits1. 1987 Constitution, Art. II, Secs. 5, 9, 10, 13, 14, 18, Art. III Sec. 8, Art XIII

Secs. 1,3, 14Casimiro v. Stern Real Estate, Inc., G.R. No. 162233 Mar. 10, 2006


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2. New Civil Code, Arts. 19, 21 (Exercise of Rights/Compnesation forDamages), 1700-71 (Relations between Capital and Labor),Innodata Philippine, Inc. v. Quejada-Lopez, G.R. No. 162839 Oct. 12, 2006

3. Collective BargainingNew Civil Code Arts. 1305-06DOLE Phils. V. Pawis ng Makabayang Obrero, 395 SCRA 112 (2003)

4. Labor Code and its Omnibus Implementing Rules5. Company Rules

China Banking Corporation v. Borromeo, 440 SCRA 621 (2004)

6. International Instruments and ILO Recommendationsa.) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Art. 22b.) International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Arts., 69

c.) International Covention on the Elimination of all Forms of DiscriminationAgainst Women,Art. 11d.) International Labor Organization CoventionsInternational School Alliance of Educators v. Quisumbing, 333 SCRA 13(2000)

II. LABOR CODE OF THE PHILIPPINESA. Brief HistoryB. Title of DecreeArt. 1C. Effectivity - Art. 2D. Declaration of Basic Policy - Art 3E. Construction in Favor Of Labor - Art. 4

Civil Code of the Philippines , Art. 1702Dealco Farms, Inc., v. NLRC, G.R. No. 153192 (Jan. 30, 2009)Penaflor v. Outdoor Clothing Manufacturing Corp., et.al, G.R. No. 177114 (Jan.21, 2010)

F. Technical Rules Not Binding/Liberality in Application of Rules - Art 221Huntington Steel Products, Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 158311 (Nov. 17, 2004)Industrial Timber Corporation v. Ababon, 480 SCRA 171 (2006)

G. Rule Making Power/LimitationsArt. 5Kapisanan ng mga Manggagawang Pinagyakap v. NLRC, 152 SCRA 6 (1987)


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H. Applicability of the Labor Code, Art. 6, 276, Constitution, Art IX-B, Sec. 2 (1)PNOC energy Development Corp. v. NLRC, 210 SCRA 487

I. Enforcement and SanctionsArts 217 (a) (2), (3), (4), (6); 128-129; 288-292;Constitution Art. III, Secs. 11 and 16

Cireneo Bowling Plaza, Inc. v. Sensing, 448 SCRA 175 (2005)

III.Work RelationshipA. Definition of Employer-Employee RelationshipArts. 97 (a) (b) (c); 167 (f),

(g), (h) 212 (e) (f)

B. Tests of Employer- Employee Relationships

- Sycip, Gorres, Velayo & Co. v. De Raedt, G.R. No. 161366 (June 16, 2009)- Dealco Farms, Inc., v. NLRC, G.R. No. 153192 (Jan. 30, 2009)- Television & Production Exponents, Inc. RC Servana, G.R. NO. 167648

(Jan. 28, 2008- Orozco v. Fifth Division, CA, 562 SCRA 36 (Aug. 2008)

C. Piercing the Veil of Corporate Fiction

- Pamplona Plantation Co., Inc.v. Tinghil, G.R. 159121 (Feb. 3, 2005) 450SCRA 421

D. Independent Contractor versus Labor-Only Contractor - Arts. 106-109;DOLE D.O. No. 10 as incorporated in Rule VIII-A, Book III Omnibus RulesImplementing the Labor Code; D.O. No. 3, Series of 2001,; D.O. No. 18-02, Series of2002; D.O. 18-03, Secs. 11-12 (Registration of Contractors)D.O. No. 14, Series of 2001(Security Guards), Sec. 8

1. Requirements for Independent Contractor- Aliviado, et. Al v. Procter and Gamble Phil., Inc. & PROMM-GEM,

Inc., G.R. No. 160506 (March 9, 2010)- Coca Cola bottlers Phils., Inc. v. Dela Cruz et. al., G.R. No. 184977

(Dec. 7, 2009)- San Miguel Corp. v. NLRC, 510 SCRA 181 (2006)- Philippine Bank of Communications v. NLRC, 146 SCRA 347

2. Effects of Non-complianceD.O. 18-02, Sec. 11 3rd Parag.- San Miguel Corp. v. Aballa, 461 SCRA 392 (2005)- Sandoval Shipyards v. Pepito et. al., G.R. No. 143428 (June 25, 2001)

3. Requirements/Prohibition on Labor-Only Contractor- Manila Water Co., Inc. V. Pena, 434 SCRA 52 (2004)

4. Liability of Indirect Employer


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- Eparwa Security and janitorial Services, Inc. v. Liceo de CagayanUniversity, 508 SCRA 370 (2007)

IV. Pre-employment, Recruitment and Placement of Workers

References: Arts. 1239, POEA Rules and Regulations Governing the Recruitment andEmployment of Land-Based Overseas Workers (May 2002), R.A. 8042 (1995) asamended by R.A. 10022 (2010).

A. Employment Policies/Statement of ObjectivesArts. 3, 12 (a) (b) (f);Constitution Art II, Sec 9, Art XIII, Sec. 3 par. 1; R.A. 8042 Secs. 2 (a) (b) in relation to(g) (c), 4, 5 as amended by R.A. 10022.

B. Employment Agencies

1.

Private SectorAgencies

a. Parties1) WorkerArt. 13 (a); RA 8042 Sec. 3 (a)2) Private employment agencyArt. 13 (d); Art. 12 (f); Arts 14 (a)3) Private recruitment entityArt 13 (e) (f); Art 12 (f); Art 14 (a)b. Recruitment and Placement1) Local employment Art. 13 (b)2) Overseas employmentRA 8042 Sec. 6 as amendedc. Allowed and Protected Entities1) Allowed Private Agencies and Entities - Arts 16, 25, 18, 12 (f);

POEA rules Part I,rule II, Sec 12) Prohibited Business Agencies and EntitiesArts 16, 18, 25, 26;

POEA Rules Part I, Rule II Sec. 2 Travel Agencies3) Ban on Direct HiringArt. 18; Exception Art. 18 2nd Sentence- Hornales vs. NLRC, 364 SCRA 778 (2001)d. Government Techniques of RegulationPrivate Recruitment1) Licensing

a) QualificationsArts 27, 28: POEA Rules Part II, Rule I Sec 1(a) (b)

b) Issuance of LicenseArts 29, 30, 31; POEA Rules Part II, ruleII Secs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9


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2) Workers FeesArt 323) Reportorial Requirements/Employment InformationArts 33, 14

(d)

4) Illegal RecuritmentArts 34, 38; RA *)$@ Secs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,12 as amended

4.1) Prohibited Practices4.2) Undertaken by non-licencees, non-holders of license- People vs. Dujua, 442 SCRA 169 (2004)- People vs. Domingo, 584 SCRA 669 (2009)- People vs. Gallo, GRN 185277 (March 18, 2010- Salazar vs. Achacoso, 183 SCRA 145 (1990) RA 8042 Art 38

Unconstitutional, only judge may issue search and arrest warrants

5) Enforcementa) Regulatory PowerArt 36b) Rule-Making PowerArt 36c) Visitorial PowerArt 37

6) Joint and Several Liability of Agent and PrincipalPOEA rulesPart II, Rule II Sec 1 (f); RA 8042 Sec. 10 2nd parag.

e. Jurisdiction1) RTC over Criminal Action arising from Illegal RecruitmentRA

8042, Sec 92) Labor Arbiter over Money Claims of OFWsRA 8042 Sec. 10 as

amended- Flourish Maritime Shipping vs. Almanzor, 568 SCRA 713 (2008)- Serrano vs. Gallant Maritime Services, Inc. 582 SCRA 254 (2009)

3) POEA over Administrative Casesa) Pre-employment CasesOmnibus Rules Implementing

RA 8042 Sec. 28 (a)b) Disciplinary CasesSec. 28 (b)

2. Public Sector Employment OfficesArt. 12 (f); 14 (a); E.O. 247(Reorganizing the POEA) Sec 3, POEA rules

3. Sanctions


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a. Local EmploymentArt 39b. Overseas EmploymentArt 35; RA 8042 Secs. 6, 7, 10 as

amended

c.

Trafficking in Person, Convention on the Supression of the Trafficin Persons and of the Prostitution of Others; RA 9208;Implementing Rules and Regulations of RA 9208

C. Alien Employment Regulation

References: Arts 12 (e), 40-42; Omnibus Rules Implementing the Labor CodeBook I, Rule XIV; D.O. 12 (Omnibus guidelines for Issuance of EmploymentPermits to Foreign Nationals) Nov. 16, 2001; D.O. Nos. 19-02, 26-02 (Seriesof 2002); D.O. No. 41-03 (Series of 2003); D.O. No. 59-04 (Series of 2004);D.O. No. 75-06 (Series of 2006); D.O. No. 97-09 (Series of 2009);

Constitution Art XII, Sec 12.

1.Coverage/ExemptionArt. 40; D.O. No. 97-09 Secs 1,2-Almodiel vs. NLRC 223 SCRA 341 (1993)

2.Conditions for Grant of Permit/DenialD.O. No. 97-09 Secs 3,4,5,6,10- General Milling Corp. vs.Torres 196 SCRA 215 (1991)- Pacific Consultants International Asia, Inc. vs. Schonfeld GRN166920 Feb. 19, 2007

3. . Renewal/Validity of AEPD.O. No. 97-09, Secs. 9, 11

4. Revocation/Cancellation/GroundsD.O. No. 97-09 Secs 12-14

V. Human Resources Development

References: Arts 57-81; RA 7796 Technical Education and skills DevelopmentAuthority Act of 1994 (TESDA);R.A. 7686 Dual Training Systems Act of 1994;R.A. 7277 Magna Carta for Disable Persons

A. Policy ObjectivesRA 7796 Secs. 2,3

B. Apprentice

1. DefinitionArt 58 (b); RA 7796 Sec. 4 (j) (k)2. Apprenticeable OccupationRA 7796 Sec. 4 (m)3. QualificationOmnibus Rules Rule VI, Sec. 11; RA 7610, Sec. 12 as amended by

RA 76584. Allowed Employers and OccupationArt. 60

- Nitto Enterprises vs. NLRC, 258 SCRA 654 (1995)


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5. Terms and Conditions of EmploymentArts 61, 726. CostsArt. 717. EnforcementArts 65-67

C. Learners

1. DefinitionArts 73; RA 7796 Sec. 4 (n)2. Allowed EmploymentArt. 743. Terms and Conditions of EmploymentArts 75, 76

D. Persons with Disabilities (Handicapped)ILO Convention 159 (1983); RA7277

1. DefinitionRA 7277 Sec. 4 (a) (b) (c) (d)2. Policy DeclarationRA 7277 Sec. 23. CoverageR.A. 7277 Sec. 3

4. Rights and PrivilegesRA 7277 Secs. 5-7- Bernardo vs. NLRC & FEBTC, 310 SCRA 186 (1999)5. DiscriminationRA 7277 Secs 32, 336. EnforcementSecs. 44, 45, 46

VI. Conditions of Work

Reference: Arts 82-90; Omnibus Rules Book III, Rules 1, 1-A, II

A. Hours of Work1. Regulation/Rational

- Manila Terminal Co. Inc. Vs. CIR, 91 Phil 625 (1952)2. Coverage/ExemptionsArt. 82, 276; rules 1, Secs 1-4

a. Government EmployeesConstitution Art IX-B, Sec 2 (1); OmnibusRules, book III, Rule 1, Sec 2 (a)

b. Managerial EmployeesArt 82; Omnibus Rules Book III, Rule 1 Sec. 2(b) (c)

- Asia Pacific Christening, Inc. vs. Farolan, 393 SCRA 454 (2004)- Charlito Penaranda vs. Baganga Plywood Corp., 489 SCRA 94

(2006)

3. Field PersonnelArt. 82; Omnibus Rules Book III, Rule I, Sec. 2 (f)- Mercidar Fishing Corp. vs. NLRC, 297 SCRA 440 (1998)- Auto Bus Transport Systems, Inc. vs. Bautista, 458 SCRA 578

(2005)4. Dependent Family MembersArt. 82


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5. Domestic HelpersArts 82, . 141, 145; Omnibus rules, Book III, Rule I, Sec. 2 (d)6. Persons in the Personal Service of AnotherArt. 82, Omnibus Rules Book III, Rule

1, Sec. 2 (d)7. Piece WorkersArt. 82; Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule 1, Sec. 2 (e)

- Labor Congress vs. NLRC, 290 SCRA 509 (1998)

8. Normal Hours of WorkArt. 839. Compensable Hours of WorkArt. 83

a. On DutyArt. 84 (a), Book III, Rule I, Sec. 3 (a), Sec. 4 (a)b. At WorkArt. 84 (a); Book III, Rule I, Sec. 3 (b)

10.Specific Rulesa. Rest Period

1)

Short Duration or Coffee Break Art. 84 2

nd

parag.; Book III, RuleI, Sec. 7 2nd parag.2) More than 20 mins.Book III, Rule I Sec. 4 (b)

b. Meal Period1) Regular Meal Period (One Hour)Art. 85; Book III, Rule I, Sec. 7 1st

parag.- Philippine Airlines, Inc. vs. NLRC, 302 SCRA 582 (1999)

2) Shorter Meal Period (Less than One Hours, but Not Less than 20Minutes)Book III, Rule I, Sec. 7 1st parag.

c. Waiting TimeBook III, rule I, Sec. 5 (a)- Arica vs. NLRC, 170 SCRA 776 (1989)

d. On CallBook III, Rule I, Sec. 5 (b)e. Inactive Due to Work InterruptionsBook III, Rule I, Sec. 4 (d)

- University of Pangasinan Faculty Union vs. University ofPangasinan, 127 SCRA 691 (Feb. 20, 1984)+++

f. Necessary Work After Normal HoursBook III, Rule I, Sec. 4 (c)g. Lectures, Meetings, Training Programs, - Book III, Rule I, Sec. 6h. Travel Time

- Rada vs. NLRC, 205 SCRA 69 (1992)11.Overtime Work/PayArt. 87-90; Book III, Rule I, Sec. 8-11

a. Overtime in Ordinary Working DayArt. 87; Book III, Rule I, Sec. 8b. Emergency or Compulsory Overtime WorkArt. 89


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- R.B. Michael Press vs. Nicasio Galit, G.R. No. 153510 (Feb 13,2008)

c. Undertime Work/LeaveArt. 88d. Additional CompensationArt. 87e. Proof of Work/WEmployer Obligation

-

Social Security System vs. Court of Appeals, 348 SCRA 1 (2000)f. Night WorkArt. 86, Book III, Rule II, Secs 1-6; ILO Convention 89(1948)1) Coverage/ExclusionBook III, Rule II Sec. 12) Additional CompensationArt. 86, Book III, Rule II, Secs. 2-5

- Shell Company vs. National Labor Union, 81 Phil 315 (1948)- Lepanto Consolidated Mining Co. vs. Lepanto Local Staff Union,

562 SCRA 495 (Aug. 2008)

B. Weekly Rest PeriodsReference: Art. 991-93: Omnibus Rules,Book III,Rule III, Secs. 1-9

- Caltex Regular employees, etc. vs. altex (Phils.) Inc., 247 SCRA398 (1995)

1. Coverage/ExclusionsArts. 82, 91; Book III, Rule III, Sec. 12. Right to Weekly Rest PeriodsArt. 91 (a); Book III,Rule III, Sec. 33. Determination/Preference of EmployeeArt. 91 (b); Book III, Rule III, Secs. 4, 54. Compulsory Work on Rest DayArt. 92; Book III, Rule III, Sec. 65. Premium PayArt. 93 (a) (b) (c); Book III, Rule III, Sec. 76. Work on a Sunday or Holiday which is also a Scheduled Rest DayArt. 93 (a) (b);

Book III,Rule III, sec. 7 (a) (b)7. CBA on Hihger Premium PayArt. 93 (d); Book III, Rule III, Secs. 7 (e), 9

C. HolidaysReference: Art. 94; Executive Order 203 (1987); Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule IV; P.D.1083 Code of Muslim Personal Laws (Feb. 4, 1977); R.A. 9492

1. Definitiona. Retail Establishments, Rules Implementing RA 6727, parag. fb. Service Establishments, rules Implementing RA 6727 parag. G

2. Coverage/Exclusions Art. 94 (a); Book III, Rule IV, Sec. 1- Mantrade/FMMC Division Employees and Workers Union vs.

Bacungan, 144 SCRA 510 (1986)

3. Holiday PayArt. 94 (b)


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a. Faculty in Private SchoolsBook III, Rule IV, Sec. 8 (a)- Jose Rizal College vs. NLRC, 156 SCRA 27 (1987)

b. Divisor as Factor- Trans-Asia Phil. Employees Association vs. NLRC, 320 SCRA

347 (1999)

c.

SundayArt. 93 (a) (b), 2

nd

Sentence; book III, Rule III, Sec. 2- Wellington Investment Inc. vs. Trajano, 245 SCRA 561 (1995)d. Muslim HolidayArt. Art. 169-172; PD 1083: RA 9492

- San Miguel Corp. vs. Court of Appeals, 357 SCRA 311 (2002)4. AbsencesBook III, rule IV, Sec. 6 (a), 105. Non-Working Day/Scheduled Rest DayBook III, Rule IV Sec. 6 (c)

D. Service Incentive LeaveReference: Art. 95; Omnibus Rules Book III, Rule V

1. CoverageArts. 95 (a) (b); Book III, Rule V, Sec. 1- Makati Haberdashery Inc. vs. NLRC, 179 SCRA 449 (1989)- Labor Congress vs. NLRC , 290 SCRA 509 (1998)

2. RequirementsArt. 95 (a); Book III, Rule V. Secs. 2, 3a. meaning of at least one year of service Book III, Rule V,

Sec. 3b. Treatment of BenefitsBook III, rule V, Sec. 5

3. Computation and Liability- Sentinel Security Agency, Inc. vs. NLRC 295 SCRA 123 (1998)- Auto Bus Transport Sytems, Inc.. vs. Bautista, 458 SCRA 578

(2005)

E. Vacation Leave/Sick Leave- PNCC Skyway Traffic Management & Security Division workers

Organization (PSTMSDWO) vs. PNCC Skyway Corp., G.R. No.171231 (Feb. 17, 2010)

F. Paternity LeaveR.A. No. 8187 Paternity Leave Act of 1996, Secs. 1-6;Implementing Rules

1. CoverageR.A. 8187, Sec. 2; Impl. Rules, Sec. 22. ConditionsR.A. 8187, Sec. 2; Impl. Rules, Secs. 2,3,43. When to avail of BenefitsImplementing Rules, Sec. 54. Treatment of BenefitsImpl. Rules, Sec. 75. Penalty ProvisionsR.A. 8187, Sec. 5; Impl. Rules, Sec. 10


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6. Employment Related Rights and Benefits7.

G. Parental LeaveR.A. 8972 Solo Parents Welfare Act of 20001.

CoverageRA 8972, Sec. 3 (a)2. CriteriaRA 8972, Secs. 4, 8; Impl. Rules, Art. IV, Sec. 7

3. Qualifications of Solo ParentRA 8972, Sec. 8; Impl. Rules, Art. IV, Sec. 84. Employment-related rights and benefitsRA 8972, Sec. 3 (d) (e)

a. Flexible working ScheduleRA 8972, Sec. 6; Impl. Rules, Art.V, Sec. 17

b. Work discrimination - RA 8972, Sec. 7, Impl. Rules, Art. V,Sec. 8

c. LeaveRA 8972, Sec. 8d. Treatment of Benefits/Non-cumulativeImpl. Rules, Art. V,Sec.

19, 2nd sentence

H. Victimss LeaveRA 9262 An ACT Defining Violence Against Women and theirChildren, Sec. 43; Impl. Rules, Rule VI, Sec. 42

1. Defintion/CoverageRA 9262, Sec. 32. Entitlement to leaveRA 9262, Sec. 43; Impl. Rules, VI, Sec. 42

I. Special Leave Benefits for WomenRA 9710 Magna Carta of WomenCovered EmployeesRA 9710, Sec. 18

J. Service ChargesReference: Art. 96; Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule VI

1. Covered EmployeesArt. 962. SharingArt.96

- Phi. Hoteliers, Inc. vs. NUWHRAIN-APL-IUF, G.R. No. 181972(August 25, 2009)-

K. Non-diminution of BenefitsArt. 100- Metropolitan Bank and Trust Co. vs. NLRC & Patag, G.R. No. 152928 (June 18, 2009)

VII. Minimum Wages and Wage Fixing MachineryReference: Art. 97-119; Omnibus rules, Book III, rules VII-VIII

A. Minimum Wage/Right toArt. 99; Constitution, Art. XIII, Sec. 3, pars. 2-41. DefinitionArt. 97 (f)

- Chavez vs. NLRC, 448 SCRA 478 (2005)


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2. CoverageArts. 97 (b) (c) (e), 98; Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule VII, Sec. 3- Philippine Fisheries Development Authority vs. NLRC, 213 SCRA

621 (1992)3. General Principles

a. No work, No pay (A fair days wage for fair days labor)-

Sugue vs. Triumph International (Phils.), G.R. Nos. 164804,164784 (January 30, 2009)- Aklan Electric Corp., Inc. vs. NLRC, 323 SCRA 258 (2000)

b. Equal Pay for Work of Equal ValueILO Convention 100(1951)

c. International School Alliance of Educators vs. Quisumbing,R.R. No. 128845 (June 1, 2000)

d. Form: Agreement for Compensation of ServicesArt. 97 (f)- Arms Taxi vs. NLRC, 219 SCRA 306 (1993)

e. Exemption from Income TaxRA 9504 (June 17, 2008),Amending Sec. 2 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997.

4. WagesBook III, rule VII-A, Secs. 4-7; Wage order No. NCR-15 (June 16, 2010)a. Determination of Compliance with Minimum Wage

- Iran vs. NLRC, 289 SCRA 433 (1998)b. Facilities and Supplemental AllowancesBook III, Rule VII,

Secs. 4-7- Millares vs. NLRC & PICOP, 305 SCRA 500 (1999)

c. Cash Wage/Commission97 (f); book III, Rule VII-A, Sec 4Songco vs. NLRC, 183 SCRA 610 (1990)Boie Takeda vs. De la Serna, 228 SCRA 329 (1993)Phil. Duplicators vs. NLRC, 241 SCRA 380 (1995)

d. Gratuity and Salary/Wages, Differences- Plastic Town Center Corp. vs. NLRC, 172 SCRA 580 (1989)

e. Effects on BenefitsArt. 100- Davao Fruits Corp. vs. Associated Labor Union, 225 SCRA 562(1993)

B. Wage Fixing Machinery

Reference: ILO Convention 26 (1928); Wage Rationalization Act (RA 6727) amendingArt. 120-127; Art. 120-127; Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule IX; Wage Order No. NCR-14, June 16, 2010.

1.Rationale for Wage RationalizationRA 6727, Sec. 2

2. Agencies in Wage Fixing Machinery


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a. National Wages and Productivity CommissionRA 6727, Sec. 3; Arts. 120, 121,126

b. Regional Tripartite Wages and Productivity BoardRA. 6727, Sec. 3; Arts 122,126

- Nasipit Lumber Co., Inc. vs. NLRC, 289 SCRA 667 (1998)3.Standards and Criteria for Wage FixingRA 6727, Sec, 3; Art 124

4.Wage OrderRA 6721, Sec. 3; Arts. 123, 124; Wage Oder No. NCR-15a. Methods of Wage Fixing1) Floor Wage Method2) Salary-Ceiling Method

- Employers Confederation of the Phils vs. National Wages andProductivity Commission, 201 SCRA 759 (1991)

b. Validity-

Cagayan Sugar Milling Co. vs. Secretary of Labor andEmployment, 284 SCRA 150 (1998)c. Wage DistortionRA 6727, Sec. 3; Art. 124

- Prubankers Association vs. Prudential Bank & Trust Co., 302SCRA 74 (1999)

- Bankard Employees Union-WATU vs. NLRC, 423 SCRA 148(2004)

d. Freedom to BargainArt. 125; RA 6727, Sec. 2, 2nd Para.e. Penalty for violationRA 6727, Sec. 12; RA 8188, June 11, 1996

5.Wage payment and ProtectionArt. 102-105; Civil Code, Art. 1705; ILO Convention95 (1949)

a. Form of PaymentArt. 102; Civil Code, Art. 1705; Book III, Rule VIII, Secs.1, 2

- Congson vs. NLRC, 243 SCRA 260 (1995)b. Time of PaymentArt. 103, Sec. 3c. Place of PaymentArt. 104, Sec. 4 (See: Labor Advisory on Payment of

Salaries thru ATM (Nov. 25, 1996)d. Direct Payment of WagesArt. 105, Secs. 5,6 Bermiso vs. Escano, Inc., 105 Phil. 231 (1959)

6.Wage ProhibitionsILO Convention 95 (1949)a. Interference in Disposal of WagesArt. 112; Book III, Rule VIII, Sec. 9b. Wage DeductionsArt. 113; book III, Rule VIII, Sec. 10

- Apodaca vs. NLRC, 172 SCRA 442 (1989)- Genesis Transport Service, Inc. vs. UMMGT & Taroy, G.R. No.

182114, April 5, 2010c. Requirement to make deposits for loss or damageArts, 114, 115; Book III, Rule

VIII, Sec. 11- Dentech Manufacturing Corp. vs. NLRC, 172 SCRA 588 (1989)


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- Five J Taxi vs. NLRC, 235 SCRA 556 (1994)d. Withholding of WagesArt. 116; Civil Code, Art. 1706e. Deduction to Ensure EmploymentArt. 117f. Retaliatory MeasuresArt. 118g. False ReportingArt. 119: Bool III, Rule X, Sec. 13h.

Keeping of Employees Records in a Place other than the Workplace- South Motorists Enterprises vs. Tosoc, 181 SCRA 386 (1990)

i. Garnishment/ExecutiionCivil Code. Art. 1708- GAA vs. Court of Appeals, 140 SCRA 304 (1985)

7.Worker Preference in the Event of BankruptcyArt. 110; Book III, Rule VIII, Sec. 7;Civil Code, Arts 1207, 2241 (6), 2242 (3), 2244 (2), 2246, 2248, 2250

- Republic vs. Peralta, 150 SCRA 37 (1987)- Manila Banking Corp. vs. NLRC, 279 SCRA 602, 621-642 (1997)

8. Wage Recovery/JurisdictionArt. 128, 129, 217, 111: Book III, Rule X, Secs. 1-5-

Cirineo Bowling Plaza vs. Gerry Sensing, 448 SCRA 175 (2005)- Balladares, et. al. vs. Peak Ventures, Inc., G.R. No. 161794, June16, 2009

- Meteoro, et.al. vs. Creative Creatures, Inc. G.R. No. 171275,July13, 2009.

VIII. 13th

Month Pay

A. History of the Law

- Dentech Manufacturing Corp. vs. NLRC, 172 SCRA 588 (1989)

B. Coverage

- Archilles Manufacturing Corp. vs. NLRC, 244 SCRA 750 (1995)- Ultra Villa Food Haus vs. Geniston, 309 SCRA 17 (1999)

C. RationalePD 851,Whereas Clauses and LimitationsD. Amount and Date of PaymentRevised Guidelines on the Implementation of the

13th Month Pay Law

1. Basic Wage/Commissions- Boie Takeda vs. De la Serna, 228 SCRA 329 (1993)- Iran vs. NLRC, 289 SCRA 433 (1998)- Honda Phils, Inc. vs. Samahan ng Malayang Manggagawa sa

Honda, 460 SCRA 186 (2005)2. Substitute Payment

- Framanlis Farms, Inc. vs. Minister of Labor. 171 SCRA 87 (1989)E. 14th Month Pay


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- Kamaya Port Hotel vs. NLRC, 177 SCRA 160 (1989)F. Diminution

- Davao Fruits Corp. vs. Associated Labor Unions, 225 SCRA 562(1993)

IX. Bonus

A. Nature

- Philippine Duplicators, Inc. vs. NLRC, 241 SCRA 380 (1995)

B. Definition/When Demandable- Lepanto Ceramics, Inc., vs. Lepanto Ceramics Employees

Association, G.R. No. 180866, March 2, 2010- Protacio vs. Laya Mananghaya & Co., G.R. No. 168654, March

25, 2009

-

Phil. Appliance Corp. vs. Court of Appeals, 430 SCRA 525 (2004)

X. Working Conditions for Special Groups of Workers

A. WomenReferences: Arts. 130-138; Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule XII, Sec. 1; Constitution,Arts. II, Sec. 13 & XIII, Sec. 14; Woemn in Development and Nation Building Act (RA7192); Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995 (RA 7877); Anti-Violence Against Womenand their children Act of 2004 (RA 9262); Magna Carta of Women (RA 9710)

A. Women under the ConstitutionArt II, sec. 14; Art. XIII, sec. 14- (3) Philippine Association of Service Exporters vs. Drilon, 163

SCRA 386 (1988)- (1) Phil. Telegraph and Telephone Co. vs. NLRC, 272 SCRA 596

(1997)B. CoverageOmnibus Rules, Book III, Rule XII, Sec. 1C. Equal Treatment before the lawRA 9710, Secs. 2 par. 1, 12D. Prohibited Acts

a. Night Work/ExceptionsArt.130-131; ILO Convention 89 (1948)b. DiscriminationArt. 135; RA 9710, Sec. 2 para. 2; ILO Conventions 100 (1951)

and iii (1958); CEDAW Art. 11c. Stipulation Against MarriageArt. 136

- (2) Duncan Association of Detailman-PTGWO vs. GlaxoWellcome, G.R. 162994, Sept. 17, 2004

d. Discharge to prevent enjoyment of benefitsArt. 137 (1)e. Discharge on Account of PregnancyArt. 137 (2) (3)f. Discharge on Account of TestimonyBook III, Rule XII, Sc. 13 (d)g. Expulsion of Women faculty due to pregnancy outside of marriageRA 9710,

Sec. 13 (c)


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E. FacilitiesArts. 132, 134; Book III, Rule XII, Sec. 11F. Special Women WorkersArt. 138G. Leaves and other Benefits

a. Maternity LeaveSocial Security Law of 1997 (RA 1161 as amended by RA8282), Sec. 14-A, RA 8282

b.

Victim LeaveRA 9262, Secs. 3, 43; Impl. Rules, Rule VI, Sec. 42; RA 9710,Secs. (4 (k), 17 (8)c. Special Leave Benefits (for Gynecological Disorders)RA 9710, Sec. 18; Impl.

Rules, Rule II, Sec. 7 T, Rule IV, Sec. 21H. Sexual Harrassment Act of 1995 (RA 7877)

- (3) Philip Aeolus Automotive United Corp. vs. NLRC, G.R. No.124617, April 28, 2000

- (1) Domingo vs. Rayala, 546 SCRA 90 (2008)B. Minors

References: Arts. 139-140; Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule XII, Secs. 2-3; RA 7610 of1992 as amended by RA 9231 (Special Protection of Children Act of 2003; DepartmentCircular No. 3, Series of 2009 (Procedure for Closure of Business under RA 9231)

1.Minors under the ConstitutionArt. II, Sec. 13

2.CoverageRA 9231, Sec. 2, par. 3 on Sec. 12; Omnibus Rules, Book III,Rule XII, Sec.13. Employment of childrenArt. 139; RA 7610 as amended, Secs. 12-16; DOLE D.O.No. 04, Series of 1999 Re: Hazardous work for persons below 18 years old4. Hours of workRA 9231,Sec. 3 on Sec. 12-a5. Prohibitions against the worst forms of child laborSec. 3 on Sec. 12-d; Sec. 5 onSec. 146. DiscriminationArt. 1407. JurisdictionSec. 9 on Sec. 16-A

C. Househelpers/CaregiversReferences: Arts. 141-152; Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule XIII

A. DefinitionRule XIII, Sec. 1 (b)B. CoverageArt. 141C. Non-Household WorkArt. 145

- (2) Apex Mining Co. vs. NLRC, 196 SCRA 251D. Conditions of EmploymentArt. 141-152; Civil Code, Arts. 1689-1699

a. CompensationArt. 143, 144: Civil Code, Art. 168- Time and manner of paymentBook III,Rule XIII, Sec. 9

b. Hours of WorkCivil Code,Art. 1695c. Vacation with payCivil Code, Art. 1695


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d. Living Quarters, Food, Medical AttendanceArt. 148; Civil Code Art. 1689e. TreatmentArt. 147; Civil Code, Art. 1694f. Elementary EducationArt. 146; Civil Code, Art. 1691g. Term of ContractArt. 142; Civil Code, Art. 1692h. Termination1) Fixed DurationArt. 149; Civil Code, Srt. 16972) Not fixedArt. 150; Civil Code, Art. 1698

i. Employment CertificationArt. 151; Civil Code, Art. 1699j. Employment RecordsArt. 152k. Funeral ExpensesCivil Code, Art. 1696; Book III, Rule XIII, Sec. 16l. Hazardous work for persons below 18 years oldD.O. 4-99, Sec. 4

D. HomeworkersA. Coverage and RegulationArt. 153-155; Department Order No. 5, DOLE, Feb. 4,

1992, now book III, Rule XIVB. DefinitionSec. 2, DO No. 5C. Registration - Secs. 4 & 6, DO No. 5D. Conditions of Employment/DeductionsSecs. 6-9 DO No. 5E. Joint and Several Liability of employer/contractorSec. 11, DO No. 5F. ProhibitionsSecs. 13 DO No. 5G. EnforcementSec. 10, DO No. 5

XI. Dental, Dental and Occupational Safety

Reference: Art. 156-165; Omnibus Rules, Book IV, Rule I, Secs. 1-1-; rules II, Secs. 1-10

A.Coveragebook IV, Rule I, Sec. 1B. First Aid TreatmentArt. 156C. Emergency Medical and Dental Services

1. When requiredArt. 157- (3) Escasinas vs. Shangri-las Mactan Island Resort, G.R. No.

178827, Mar. 4, 20092. When not requiredArt. 158

D.Employer Assistance/ObligationArt. 161E. Occupational Safety and Health Standards, Training of Supervisors/Technicians

1) When RequiredBook IV,Rule II, Secs. 5 (a) (d)2) When not RequiredBook IV, Rule II, Sec. 5 (e)

F. Enforcement/DOLE ObligationsArt. 162-165


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(Note: Arts. 166-208 were repealed by SSS Law of 1997; Re: 209, see NHI Law 166-208; Book IV, Rule II, Sec. 8: See also Technical Guidelines for Hazardous/Non-Hazardous establishment, DOLE Memo Circular No. 2, Series of 1998)

XII. Employee Classification

Reference: Arts. 278, 280, 281: Omnibus Rules, Book VI, Rule I, Secs. 1,5,6

A. CoverageArt. 278B. Employee ClassificationArt. 280-281

1. Employer Recognition- (1) Romares vs. NLRC, 294 SCRA 411 (August 19, 1998)

2. Employer Determination/Designation- (2) Phil. Federation, etc. vs. NLRC, 300 SCRA 72 (December 11,

1998)C. Regular EmployeesArt. 280, 1st parag., Art. 280, 2nd parag.; Art. 281, last

sentence, 75 (d); Omnibus Rules, Book VI, Rule I, Secs. 5 (a), (b) and 61. Nature of Work- (3) Poseidon Fishing vs. NLRC, 482 SCRA 717 (Feb. 20, 2006- (1) Dante D. De la Cruz vs. Maersk Filipinas Crewing, Inc. G.R.

No. 172038, April 14, 2008- (2) WPP Marketing Commission, Inc. et. al. vs. Galera, G.R. NO.

Nos, 169207, 169239, March 25, 20102. Extended Period

- (3) Tomas Lao Construction vs. NLRC, 278 SCRA 716 (1998)3. Repeated Renewal of Contract

- (1) Beta Electric Corp. vs. NLRC, 182 SCRA 384 (1990)D. Project Employeesart. 280, 1st parag.; see also Policy Instructions No. 20 of 1977

and DO No. 19 of 19931. Definition

- (2) Hanjin Heavy Industries & Construction Co. vs. Ibanez, 555SCRA 537 (2008)

2. Project Employment- (3) Villa vs. NLRC, 284 SCRA 105 (1996)- (1) William Uy Construction Corp. vs. Trinidad, G.R. No.

183250,March 10, 20103. Application of Rule in Non-Construction Industries

- (2) Maraguinot vs. NLRC, 284 SCRA 539 (1998)E. Casual employeesArt. 280 2nd parag.; Omnibus Rules,Book VI, Rule I,Sec. 5 (b)

1. Nature ofWork- (3) Marqanaw Hotels & Resort Corp. vs. CA, GR No. 149660, Jan

20, 20092. One Year Service


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- (1) Tabas vs. California Manufacturing Co., Inc. 169 SCRA 497(1989)

- (2) Mercado vs. NLRC, 201 SCRA 332 (1991)F. Fixed-Term Employees

-

(3) Brent School vs. Zamora, 181 SCRA 702 (1990)- (1) Mercado, et. al. vs. AMA Computer College-Paranaque City,Inc., G.R. No. 183572, April 14, 2010

- (2) LWV Construction Corp. vs. Dupo, G.R. No. 172342G. Seasonal Employees

- (3) Phil. Tobacco etc. vs. NLRC, 300 SCRA 37 (Dec. 10, 1998)H. Probationary EmployeesArts. 281, 61 2nd sentence; Omnibus Rules, book VI,Rule I, Sec. 6; Art. 75 (d)

1. Definition/Purpose- (1) Cebu Marine Beach Resort vs. NLRC, 414 SCRA 173 (Oct. 23,

2003)- (2) Espina vs. Court of Appeals,G.R. No. 164582, March 28, 2007

2. Duration: Rule/Exception- (3) De La Cruz vs. NLRC, 418 SCRA 226 (Dec. 11, 2003)- (1) Cathay Pacific Airways, Ltd vs. Marin, G.R. No. 148931, Sept.

12, 20063. Extension of contract

- (2) Phil. Federation etc. vs. NLRC 300 SCRA 72 (Dec. 11, 1998)4. Absorbed Employees

- (3) Cebu Stevedoring Co. Inc. vs. Regional Director, 168 SCRA315 (1988)

5. Standards (1) Davao Contractors Development Coop. (DACODECO) vs. Pasawa, G.R.

No. 172174, July 9, 20096. Privates School Teachers-Rule

- (2) La Sallete of Santiago, Inc. vs. NLRC, 195 SCRA 80 (1991)- (3) Magis Young Achievers Learning Center vs. Manalo,G.R. No.

178835, Feb. 13, 2009

XIII. Termination of Employment

Reference: Constitution, Art. XIII, Sec. 3; Arts. 282-286, 277 (b): Omnibus Rules, BookVI,Rule I,; Book V, Rule XIII

A. CoverageArts. 276; Book V, Rule I, Sec. 1


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B.Security of TenureArt. 279, 277 (b)- (1) Espina vs. Hon. Court of appeals, G.R. No. 164582, Mar. 28, 2007- (2) Philippine Daily Inquirer vs. Magtibay, G.R. No. 164532, July 24, 2007

1.Nature and Rationale- (3) Llosa Tan vs. Silahis International Hotel, 181 SCRA 736(1990)

- (1) Sonza vs. ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp., 431 SCRA 361(2004)

2.Coverage- (2) Labajo vs. Alejandro, 166 SCRA 747 (1988)- (3) Skillworld Management and Marketing Corp., vs. NLRC, 186

SCRA 465 (1990)- (1) Inter-Orient Maritime Enterprises, Inc. vs. NLRC, 235 SCRA

268 (1994)

3.Management Prerogative- (2) The Philippine American Life & General Insurance Co. vs.Gramaje, 442 SCRA 274 (2004)

- (3) Duncan Association of Detailman-PTGWO vs. GlaxoWellcome Phils., Inc. 438 SCRA 343 (2004)

- (1) Duldulao vs. CA, G.R. No. 164893, Mar. 1, 20074.Lawful Dismissal: Concurrence of Substantive and Procedural Due Process

- (2) Landtex Industries vs. CA, G.R. No. 150278, August 9, 2007- (3) Coca Cola Bottlers vs. Valentina Garcia, G.R. No. 159625, Jan

31, 20085.Consequences of Illegal DismissalArt. 279

- (1) Golden Ace Builders & Azul vs. Talde, G.R. 187200, May 5,2010

6.Burden of ProofArt. 277 (b) 3rd Sentence- (2) Chavez vs. NLRC, G.R. NO. 146530, Jan. 17, 2005- (3) Pepsi Cola Product Phils. vs. E.V. Santos, G.R. No. 165968,

April 14, 20087.Guidelines on Imposition of Penalties

- (1) TIP Teachers & Employees Organization (TIPTEO) vs. CA,G.R. No. 175283, Mar. 29, 2008

- (2) Jackqui R. Moreno vs. San Sebastian College-Recoletos, G.R.No. 175283, Mar. 28, 2008

C.Termination of Employment By Employee

1. Resignation- (3) Oriental Shipmanagement C. Vs. CA 480 SCRA 100 (Jan. 25,

2006)


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- (1) Globe Teleco vs. Crisologo, G.R. No. 174644, Aug. 10, 2007- (2) Lazaro V. Dacut, et. al. vs. CA G.R. No. 169434, Mar. 26,

20082. Just CausesArt. 285 (b)3. Without Just Cause: Requisites285 (a);Consti. Art. III, Sec. 18 (2)

-

(3) Azcor vs. NLRC, 303 SCRA 26 (1999)- (1) A Prime Security Services, Inc. vs. NLRC, 322 SCRA 283(2000)

4. Performance of Military or Civic DutiesArt.286; Book VI, Rule I, Sec. 125. Forced Resignation

- (2) JSS Indochina Corp. vs. Ferrer, 473 SCRA 120 (Oct. 2005)D.Termination of Employment by Employer

1.Substantive Requirements/Just CausesArt. 282, 279, 277 (b)

a.

Basis-Employer Right- (3) Gilles vs. CA, Schema Konsult, G.R. No. 149273, June 5, 2009- (1) Ocean East Agency Corp. vs. NLRC, 287 SCRA 546 (1998)

b. Just CausesRequisites1) Serious Misconduct/Willful Disobedience (Insubordination) - Art. 282 (a)

- (2) AMA Computer CollegeEast Rizal, et. al. vs. Ignacio, G.R.No. 178520, June 23, 2009

- (3) Bibiana Farms & Mills, Inc. vs. Lado, G.R. No. 157861, Feb. 2,2010

- (1) Areno vs. Sky Cable PCC-Baguio, G.R. No. 180302, Feb. 5,2010

- (2) Formantes vs. Duncan Pharmaceuticals, Phils. G.R. No.170661, Dec. 4, 2009

2) Gross and Habitual Neglect of DutiesArt. 282 (b)- (3) National Bookstore vs. CA 378 SCRA 194 (Feb. 27, 2002)- (1) LBC Express-Metro Manila, Inc. vs. Nino, G.R. No. 168215,

June 9, 20093) Loss of Trust and ConfidenceArt. 282

- (2) M + W Zander Phil. Inc. et. al. vs. Enriquez, G.R. No. 169173,June 5, 2009

- (3) Triumph International (Phil) vs. Apostol, et. al. G.R. No.164423, June 16, 2009

- (1) Ancheta vs. Destiny Financial Plans,G.R. No. 179702, Feb. 16,2010

- (2) Benjamin and Consolacion vs. Amellar Corp., G.R. No.183383, April 5, 2010

4) Commission of a CrimeArt. 282 (d)c. Analogous Causes - 282 (e)


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- (3) Cathedral School of Technology vs. NLRC, 214 SCRA 551(1992)

- (1) Lim Vs. NLRC, 259 SCRA 485 (1996)- (2) St. Lukes Medical Center, Inc. vs. Fabrigo, G.R. No.

185933,Nov. 25, 2009

d. Other Causes1) Abandonment

- (3) Pentagon Stell Corp. vs. CA,G.R. No. 174141, June 26, 2009- (1) Padilla Machine Shop vs. Rufino A. Javilgas,G.R. No. 175960,

Feb. 19, 20082) Courtesy Resignation

- (2) Batongbacal vs. Associated Bank, 168 SCRA 600 (1988)3) Change of Ownership

- (3) Manlimos vs. NLRC, 242 SCRA 145 (1995)- (1) Elcee Farms Inc. vs. National Labor Relations

Commission,G.R. No. 126428,Jan. 25, 20074) Habitual Absenteeism.Tardiness- (2) Manila Electric Co. vs. NLRC, 263 SCRA 531 (1996)- (3) R.B. Michael Press vs. Nicasio S. Galit,G.R. NO. 153519 Feb.

23, 20085) Fixed-Term Employment

- (1) Medenilla vs. PVB, 328 SCRA 1 Mar 13, 2000- (2) Pamantasan vs. Civil Service Commission, 241 SCRA 506

(1995)

6) Past Offenses- (3) Janssen Pharmaceuticals vs. B. Silayro,G.R. No. 172528, Feb.

26, 2008- (1) Ramoran vs. Jardine CMG, 326 SCRA 208 (Feb. 22, 2000)

7) Habitual Infractions- (2) Gustilo vs. Wyeth Phil., Inc. 440 SCRA 67 (Oct. 4, 2004

8) Immorality- (3) Santos vs. NLRC, 267 SCRA 117 (March 6, 1998)

9) Conviction/Commission of a Crime- (1) Sampaguita Garments Corp. vs. NLRC, 233 SCRA 260 (1994)- (2) Eduardo Bughaw, Jr. vs. Treasure Island Industrial, G.R. No.

173151, Mar. 28, 200810) Qualification Requirements

- (3) St. Lukes Medical Center Employees Association-AFW (SLMCEA-AFW) vs.NLRC, G.R. No.162053, Mar. 7, 2007

e. Constructive Dismissal- (1) Phil. Veterans Bank vs. NLRC & Martinez,G.R. No. 188882,

March 30, 2010


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- (2) Penaflor vs. Outdoor Clothing Manufacturing Corp. et. al. G.R.No. 177114, April 13, 2010

f. Transfer- (3) Westmont Pharmaceuticals, Inc. vs. Samaniego, 482 SCRA

611, Feb. 20, 2006- (1) SMC vs. Angelo C. Potillas, G.R. No. 155178, May 7, 2008- (2) Herida vs. F &C Pawnshop & Jewelry Store,G.R. NO. 172601,

April 16, 2009g. Promotion

- (3) Phil.Telegraph vs. CA, 412 SCRA 263 (Sept. 29, 2003)h. Preventive Suspension - Book V.Rule XXIII, Secs. 8&9, Omnibus Rules (oldProvisionPrior to DO40-03 which revised Book V and delted Rule XXIII. At present,no specific rule governs Preventive Suspension

- (1) Gatbonton vs. NLRC, 479 SCRA 416 (Jan 23, 2006)- (2) Pido vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 169812, Feb 23, 2007

2. Substantive Requirements/Business Related CausesArt. 283; Book VI, Rule I, Sec. 9a. Basis- Employer Right

- (3) Edge Apparel Inc. vs. NLRC, 286 SCRA 302 (1998)b. Business-related or Authorized Causes1) Installation of Labor-saving DevicesArt. 2832) Retrenchment to Prevent LossesArt. 283

- (1) Flight Attendants & Stewards Association of the Phils. vs.PAL, 559 SCRA 252 (July 2008)

- (2) FASAP vs. PAL, Inc. et. al. G.R. No. 178083, Oct. 2, 2009- (3) Hotel Enterprises of the Phil., Inc. vs. Samahan ng

Manggagawa sa Hyatt-NUWHRAIN, G.R. No. 165756, June 5,2009

3) RedundancyArt. 283- (1) Andrada vs. NLRC,G.R. No. 173232, Dec. 28, 2007- (2) Smart communications, Inc. vs. Regina M. Astorga., G.R. Nos.

148132, 151079, 151372, Jan. 28, 2008- (3) Cabigting vs. San Miguel Foods, Inc., G.R. No. 167706,No.v 5,

20094) Closure of BusinessArt. 283

- (1) Eastridge Goldf Club, Inc. vs. Eastridge Labor Union-Super,Art. 563 SCRA 93 (August 2008)

5) Temporary Closure/Bona Fide fide Suspension of operationsArt. 286- (2) JPL Marketing Promotions vs. CA, 463 SCRA 136 (July 2005)

c. DiseaseArt. 284- (3) Vicente Sy vs. CA, 398 SCRA 301 (Feb. 27, 2003)- (1) Crayons Processing vs. Pula, G.R, No. 167727, July 20, 2007

d. Enforcement of Union Security Clause in CBA


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- (2) Inguillo & Bergante vs. First Phil. Scales, Inc. G.R. No.165407, June 5, 2009

E. Procedural RequirementsArt. 277 (b); Omnibus Rules, Book VI, Rule I, Secs. 1-3

1. In General: Essential Elements of Due Processa.

Compliance with the Twin requirements of notice and hearing- (3) PLDT vs. Berbano, Jr. G.R. No. 165199, Nov. 27, 2009

- (1) Babon, et. al. vs. NLRC & Magic Sales, Inc. G.R. No. 182299,Feb. 22, 2010

b. Liability for non-compliance with procedural requirements- (2) Mantle Trading Services, Inc. vs. NLRC, No. G.R. No. 166705,

July 28, 2009- (3) Agabon vs. NLRC and Riviera Home, 442 SCRA 573, Nov.

17, 2004- (1) Serrano vs. NLRC and Isetann, 323 SCRA 445 (Jan. 27, 2000)

2. Right to Counsel-

(2) Salaw vs. NLRC, 202 SCRA 7 (1991)3. Notice- (3) King of Kings Transport vs. Mamac,G.R. No. 166208, June 29,

2007- (1) Magro Placement vs. Hernandez,G.R. No. 156964, July 4, 2007

4. Hearinga. Hearing Proper

- (2) Perez vs. Phil.Telegraph and Telephone Co. G.R. No. 152048,April 7, 2008

- (3) Technol Eight Phil. Corp. vs. NLRC & AMULAR, G.R. No.187605, April 13, 2010

b. Use of Position Paper- (1) Seastar Marine Services, Inc. vs.Bul-an,Jr. 444, SCRA 140

(Nov. 25, 20045. Decision/AwardConstitution Art. VIII, Sec. 14

- (2) ABD Overseas vs. NLRC, 286 SCRA 454 (1998)6. Burden of Proof

- (3) Macasero vs. Southern Industrial Gases, Phils., G.R. No.178524, Jan 30, 2009

7. Quantum of Proof: Substantial Evidence- (1) De Guzman vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 167701,Dec. 12, 2007- (2) Kulas Ideas & Creations, et. al. vs. Alcoseba & Arao-Arao,

G.R. No. 180123, Feb. 18, 20108. PrescriptionArt. 291; Civil Code, Art. 1146

- (3) Victory Liner, Inc. vs. Race, G.R. No. 164820, Mar. 28, 2007- (1) Anabe vs. Asian Construction, et. al., G.R. No. 183233, Dec.

23, 20099. Quitclaim


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- (2) Goodrich Manufacturing Corp., et. al. vs. Atiro, et. al., G.R.No. 188002, Feb. 1, 2010

- (3) Talam vs. NLRC 4th Div., & The Software Factory,G.R. No.175040, April 6, 2010

10. Dismissal of case on purely technical ground - frowned upon

- (1) Quintano vs. NOLRC, 446 SCRA 193 (Dec. 13, 2004)

11. Criminal Cases- (2) Lacorte vs. Inciong, 166 SCRA 1 (1988)- (3) Quiambao vs. NLRC, 254 SCRA 211 (1996)

12.Good Faith of Employee- (1) Cruz, vs. Coca Cola Bottlers Phils., Inc. 460 SCRA 340 (June

2005)

13.Appeal Bond: JurisdictionalArt. 223-

(2) Ramirez vs. CA & Valcueba, G.R. No. 182626, Dec. 4, 2009- (3) Mindanao Times Corp. vs. Confesor,G.R. No. 183417, Feb. 5,2010

F. Reliefs/Remedies in Illegal DismissalArt. 279, 223

1. In General- (1) Lopez vs. NLRC, 297 SCRA 508 (Oct. 8, 1998)

a. Reinstatement1) Definition

- (2) Asian Termnals,Inc. vs. Villanueva, G.R. No. 143219, Nov. 28,2006

- (3) Composite Enterprises vs. Caparoso, G.R. No. 159919, Aug. 8,2007

2) Exceptions- (1) Johnson & Johnson vs. Johnson Office and Sales Union,G.R.

No. 172799, July 6, 2007a) Closure of Business- (2) Retuya vs. Hon. Dumarpa, 408 SCRA 315 (August 5, 2003)b) Economic/Business Conditions- (3) Union of Supervisors, etc. vs. Sec. of Labor, 128 SCRA 442

(1984)c) Employees Unsuitability- (1) Divine Word High School vs. NLRC, 143 SCRA 346 (1986)d) Employees Retirement/Over age- (2) Espejo vs. NLRC, 255 SCRA 430 (1996)e) Antipathy and Antagonism-Strained Relations- (3) Westmont Pharmaceuticals, Inc. vs. Samaniego, 482 SCRA

611 (Feb. 20, 2006)


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3) Offer to Reinstate- (1) Ranara vs. NLRC, 212 SCRA 631 (1992)

4) Payroll ReinstatementArt. 223- (2) Juanito A. Garcia, et. al. vs. PAL,G.R. No. 164856, Jan. 20,

2009

5) No Refund Doctrine- (3) College of Immaculate Concepcion vs. NLRC & Atty. Marius

F. Carlos , Ph.D., G.R. No. 167563, March 22, 2010

6) Reinstatement as Interim Relief, when applicable- (1) Lansangan et. al. vs. Amkor Technology, Phils. Inc., G.R. No.

177026, Jan. 30, 2009

b. Backwages1)

Effect of Failure to Order- (2) Aurora land etc. vs. NLRC, 266 SCRA 48 (1997)

- (3) St. Michaels Institute vs. Santos, 371 SCRA 383 (Dec. 4,2001)

2) Computation- (1) Mercury Drug Co., Inc. vs. CIR, 56 SCRA 694 (1974)- (2) Bustamante vs. NLRC, 265 SCRA 01 (1996)- (3) Star Paper Corp. vs. Espiritu, G.R. No. 154006, Nov. 2, 2006

3) Fringe Benefits- (1) Acesite Corp. Vs. NLRC, 449 SCRA 360 (Jan. 26, 2005)

2. Damages and Attorneys Fees- (2) Phil. Aeolus Automotive United Corp. vs. NLRC, 331 SCRA

237 (April 28, 2000)- (3) Reyes vs. CA, 409 SCRA 267 (Aug. 15, 2003)- (1) M+W Zander Phil., Inc. vs. Enriquez, G.R. No. 169173, June 5,

20093. Separation Pay

- (2) Eastern Shipping Lines, Inc. vs. Antonio, G.R. No. 171587,Oct. 13, 2009

- (3) J Marketing Corp. vs. Taran, G.R. 163924, June 18, 2009- (1) Ha Yuan Restaurant vs. NLRC, 480 SCRA 328 (Jan. 27, 2006)a) Backwages and Separation Pay, Distinct Reliefs- (2) Triad Security and Allied Services vs. Ortega, 481 SCRA 591

(Feb. 6, 2006)- (3) Palteng vs. UCPB, G.R. No. 172199, Feb. 27, 2009b) Computation/Rationale


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- (1) Business Day Information Systems and Services, Inc. vs.NLRC, 221 SCRA 9 (1993)

- (2) Songco vs. NLRC, 183 SCRA 610 (1990)c) Effect of Receipt- (3) San Miguel Corp. vs. Javate, 205 SCRA 469 (1992)

4. Financial AssistanceWhen Allowed/Not Allowed

- (1) Reno Foods, Inc. vs. NLM-KATIPUNAN, G.R. No. 164016,March 15, 2010

- (2) SolidBank Corp. vs. NLRC, et. al., GR. No. 165951, March 30,2010

- (3) Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company vs. NLRC, 164SCRA 671 (1988)

5. Indemnity- (1) Serrano vs. NLRC and Isetann, 323 SCRA 445 (Jan. 27, 2000)- (2) Agabon vs. NLRC, 442 SCRA 573 (Nov. 17, 2004)

6. Liability of Corporate Officers- (3) Carag vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 147590,Apr. 2, 2007- (1) AMA Computer College-East Rizal, et. al. vs. Ignacio, G.R.

No. 178520, June 23, 2009

IX. RETIREMENT

References: Art, 287; RA No. 7641; Implementing Rule of RA 7641; Labor Advisory onRetirement Pay (Oct. 1999); as amended by RA 8558 (Feb. 26, 1996) ReducedRetirement Age of Underground Workers from 60 to 50

- (2) Interncontinental Broadcasting Corp. vs. Amarilla et. al. G.R.No. 162775, Oct. 27, 2006

- (3) Jaculbe vs. Silliman University, G.R. No. 156934, Mar. 16,2007

- (1) Reyes vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 160233 Aug. 8, 2007A. Retroactive Application of RA 7641

- (2) Universal Robina Sugar Milling Corp. vs. Caballeda, 560SCRA 115 (July 2008)

B. Components of one-half month pay/salaryGuidelines 5.2- (3) Enriquez Security Services, Inc. vs. Cabotaje, G.R. No.

1467993, July 21, 2006


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C. When RA 7641 is applicable- (1) Ozales vs. Unilab, 559 SCRA 26 (July 2008)

D. Three Kinds of Retirement Plans-

(2) Gerlach vs. Reuters Ltd. Phils, 448 SCRA 535 (Jan. 17, 2005)- (3) Sta. Catalina vs. NLRC, 416 SCRA 233 (Nov. 19, 2003)- (4) PAL vs. Airline Pilots Association of the Phils., 373 SCRA 302

(Jan. 15, 2002)

E. Voluntary Retirement- (1) Ariola vs. Philex Mining Corp., 466 SCRA 152 (Aug. 9, 2005)

F. Forfeiture of Benefits- (2) Equitable PCI Bank vs. Caguia, 466 SCRA 686 (Aug. 2005)- (3) Sy vs. Metropolitan Bank and Trust Co., G.R. No. 160618,

Nov. 2, 2006G. Equitable Solution- (1) PLDT vs. Reus, 557 SCRA 379 (July 2008)

H. Retirement Pay Differential- (2) Rivera vs. Unilab, G.R. No. 155639, April 22, 2009

I. Management Prerogative- (3) Magdadaro vs. PNB, G.R. No. 166198, July 17, 2009


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