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RobertFullagar,P.E.
DirectorofDistribu6onMiddlesexWaterCompany
KeithSmithSuperintendentofWaterTreatmentBoroughofButlerWaterDepartment
LeadPlumbingSurveys
Whatarewereallytryingtodo?
• Determinethekindortypeofpipesupplyingdrinkingwatertothebuilding(outsideandunderground)
• Determinethekindortypeofplumbinginthebuilding(insideandmostlyvisible/accessible)
LeadPlumbingSurveys
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Outside/UndergroundPipe
Outside/UndergroundPipe
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OutsideandInsidePipe/Plumbing
Inside/MostlyVisiblePlumbing
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Inside/MostlyVisiblePlumbing
Howdowedothis?
• Wecanimproviseandfreelance;notrecommended!
• FollowtheUSEPA“PlumbingProfile”methodologyfillingintheblankswithoutmucheffort;ali6lebe6er
• Completethe“PlumbingProfile”andapplysomegood,old-fashion,commonsense(a.k.a.ins6tu6onalknowledge);theprac9calrecommenda9on!
LeadPlumbingSurveys
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ThePlumbingProfile:
• Tellsushowwaterentersandflowsthroughthebuilding
• Helpsusiden6fyandpriori6zesamplesites
• Assistsusindeterminingiftheleadconcerniswidespreadorlocalized,andwherethisisoccurring
LeadPlumbingSurveys
ThePlumbingProfile:
• Helpsusplanandpriori6zecorrec6veac6ons
• Createsa“Record”documen6ngwhatwedid,howwediditandwhenwedidit
LeadPlumbingSurveys
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“ThePlumbingProfilehelpsusunderstandwhereleadcanbecomingfrom”(USEPA3TsforReducingLead)
• Buildingsarelikepeople,they’reallali\ledifferentandunique
• Justlikepeoplewhoreplacewornout/damagedpartsandsome6mesaddnewparts..…partsinbuildingsarebeingreplacedandnewaddi6onsareconstructed
PlumbingProfile
Dosomeinves9ga9ngbeforestar9ngthePlumbingProfile.
• Whenwastheoriginalbuildingconstructed?
• Wereanybuildingsoraddi6onsconstructed?
• Wastheburiedservicepipeorinternalplumbingeverreplaced?
PlumbingProfile
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Inves9ga9ng:
• Localbuildingdepartmentrecords
• Waterdepartment/u6lityrecords,as-builts
• Otheru6lityaccounts(electric/gas)
• Countytaxrecords
PlumbingProfile
Preparing–MakeaList:
• Ofseparatebuildings(ifany)
• Sec6onsinthesamebuildingwithdifferentages(originalandaddi6ons)
• Anyareaswheretheinternalplumbingwasreplaced/updated
PlumbingProfile
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Completeoneprofile:
• Foreachseparatebuilding,differentsec6onsandaddi6onswithinthesamebuildingandareaswithreplacedplumbingonthelist
PlumbingProfile
Example:
PlumbingProfile
P.S.51938
P.S.5Gym1997
P.S.5Addi9on1975
Teacher’sLounge
Upgrade2010
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ExampleList:
• P.S.5Originalbuilding• P.S.5Addi6on• P.S.5Gym
PlumbingProfile
Prepare a Plumbing Profile for each location on the list
Example:
• P.S.5Teacher’sLoungeUpdate2010
IncludeintheOriginalBuilding
PlumbingProfile
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USEPA3TsforReducingLeadinDrinkingWaterinSchools:
• AppendixI–Ques6onswithblanksforouranswers,becomesour“Record”
• Exhibit3.1–Useasaguidetohelpanswerques6ons
PlumbingProfile
ClassroomExercise:
• ReferringtothepreviousexampleofP.S.5originalbuilding
• FillintheblanksofAppendixI,first2pages
PlumbingProfile
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EPA3TsforReducingLeadinDrinkingWaterinSchools
FrankJ.Marascia
Produc6onManagerNewJerseyAmericanWaterCo.
NorthernOpera6ons
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Introduc6on• EPAconcernedaboutleadinschools
• Adversehealtheffects,reducedIQ,learningdisabili6es,impairedgrowth,hearingloss
• Childrenmostsuscep6ble,s6llindevelopment
• EPAsuggestsschoolsimplementprogramsforreducinglead
Regula6ons
• Nofederallawrequiringtes6ngofdrinkingwaterinschools
• SDWALCRrequirespublicwatersupplierstotestsinglefamilydwellings,NOTschools
• Statesandlocaljurisdic6onsmayestablishprogramsfortes6ngforleadinschools
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Wheredoesleadindrinkingwatercomefrom?
• Virtuallynoleadinsourcewater
• Leachedfrompipematerialsandfixturesaswatermovesthroughschoolsplumbing,influencedbywaterusepa\erns
• Publicwatersuppliercanbeincomplianceandschoolscans6llhaveleadindrinkingwater
EPA3Ts
• Trainingschoolofficialstoraiseawareness
• Tes*ngdrinkingwaterinschoolstoiden6fy problemsanddevelopcorrec6ve ac6ons
• Tellingstudents,parents,staff,andcommunity
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Testing school facilities is an evaluation of the plumbing and helps target remediation.
It is a key step in understanding the problem, if there is one, and developing an
appropriate response. Plumbing survey guides sampling efforts.
Tes6ng
EPARecommendedLeadLevel
EPAstronglyrecommendsthatallwateroutletsinallschoolsthatprovidewaterfordrinkingandcookingmeetastandardof
20partsperbillion(ppb)orless
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GeneralSamplingProcedures
1. Allwatersamplesshouldbe250milliliters(ml)involume– Smallersamplesizethan1literLCRsample,shorterpipesec6on
2. Collectallwatersamplesbeforefacilityopensandbeforewaterisused
– Atleast8hours,butnotmorethan18hours
3. Makesurenowateriswithdrawnfromtapsorfountainspriortosampling
4. Donotcollectsamplesamervaca6ons,weekends,andholidays
5. Assignauniquesampleiden6fica6on
SampleHandling&LaboratoryAnalysis
• Useacer6fiedlaboratory
• Eithertheywillcollectoryouwillcollect
• Ifyou,followallinstruc6onsi.e.samplepreserva6on,ChainofCustody,andshipping
• Understandunits;1ppm=1000ppb
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Two-StepSamplingProcess
• Step1– Iden6fy“hotspots”anddetermineleveloflead,ifany,fromtheserviceconnec6on• Serviceconnec6on-flushsample
• Outlets(fountains,faucets)–firstdrawsample
– GoalofStep1istocompareleadlevelsfromserviceconnec6onwatertowaterthathasbeenstagnantinoutlets
ServiceConnec6onSampling
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Two-StepSamplingProcess
• Step2– Followupflushsamplestakenfrom“hotspots”toiden6fyupstreamsourcesofleadinplumbing
– IfStep1first-drawsamplesaregreaterthan20ppbina250mlsample,thenperformStep2sampling
– Flushsample,runfor30secondsbeforecollec6ng– Determinesupstreamplumbingsourcesoflead
Widespreadpresenceofleadindrinkingwater
• Leadpipesinbuilding• Plumbinglessthanfiveyearsold,illegalsolder
• Wateriscorrosive
• Sediment/scaleinscreenscontainslead
• Brassfipngsandfaucets
• Leadserviceline
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Localizedpresenceofleadindrinkingwater
• Somebrassfipngsandfaucets,
• Outletsinlinewithbrassvalves• Leadpipes• Waterisnon-corrosive
• Leadsolder,eitherbefore1986orillegal• Lowflow/use• Sedimentinscreenscontainslead
• Fountaincomponentscontainlead
SamplingPlan
• Whowillbeinchargeofsamplingeffort?• Whowillcollectandanalyzesamplesandmaintainrecords?
• Wherewillthesamplesbetaken?
• QA/QCprocedures– Samplecollec6on&handling
• Chainofcustody
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SamplingStrategy
Addi6onalParameters
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WaterFountains:Bubblers
WaterFountains:Coolers
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WaterFountains:Dispensers
IceMakers
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WaterFaucets
CentralChiller
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SampleSitesforSingleLevelBuilding
SampleSitesforMul6-LevelBuilding
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Rou6neControlMeasure
• Aeratorcleaningmaintenanceschedule• Useonlycoldwaterforcooking• Runwaterbeforedrinking• Placardbathroomsinksas“donotdrink”.Usepicturesforsmallchildren
InterimShortTermControlMeasures
• Facilitywidepipeflushing
• Providebo\ledwater
• Shutoffproblemoutlets
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PermanentMeasures
• Outletreplacement
• Pipereplacement• Pointofusedevices• Checkgroundingwire• Reconfigureplumbing• Manual&automa6cflushing• Removeproblemoutletsfromservice
• Leadfreematerials• Bo\ledwater
Questions ?
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ContactInforma6on
FrankJ.Marascia
Produc9onManager
NewJerseyAmericanWaterCompanyNorthernOpera9ons
167JFKParkway
ShortHills,NJ07078
973-564-5751
RobertFullagar
DirectorofDistribu9on
MiddlesexWaterCompany1500RonsonRoad
Iselin,NJ08830
732-638-7537
