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2/10/2020 1
Leadership and Coaching for
Systems Change
SESSION 5 | 2019-20Heidi Brushert Laabs
Kathy Myles
#LeadCoachSucceed
The Wisconsin RtI Center (CFDA # 84.027) acknowledges the support of the Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction in the development of this PowerPoint and for the continued support of this federally-
funded grant program. There are no copyright restrictions on this document; however, please credit the Wisconsin DPI and support of federal funds when copying all or part of this material.
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2/10/2020 2
Norms for Our Time Together
• Respect everyone’s time–begin/end on time
• Stay engaged
• Be kind
• Be solution oriented, positive, and open to new ideas
• Presume positive intentions
• Use technology to enhance learning
• Keep conversation student focused
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2/10/2020 3
Today’s Agenda
1. Check-in/Join-up
2. Celebrating Coaching Successes
3. Working With/Coaching Teams
4. Live Coaching Demo
5. Coaching in Triads
6. Team Planning Time
7. Wrap up and Reflection
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2/10/2020 4
1. On a scale of 1-10, how is your
energy today?
2. What’s on your mind?
3. How are you showing up for our
training today?
Check-in/Join-up
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2/10/2020 5
Quick Write
1. Describe growth/change that you, as an
individual, and/or your school/district have
experienced with respect to coaching.
2. What factors have contributed to this
growth/change? What did you or others do to
make this happen?
3. How have you/will you celebrate your success?
(Differentiated Literacy Coaching, 2007)
Celebrating Coaching Growth
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1. Meet with your vision buddy and share the
growth/change that you wrote about.
2. How is your coaching vision changing in
response to how you or your school has
changed/grown?
3. Make this a coaching session, using your
listening and questioning skills.
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2/10/2020 7
As coaches, how can we
regularly celebrate our
growth and successes?
Why is it
important to do so?
Group Conversation
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2/10/2020 8
You will know and understand how to…• Differentiate your leadership and coaching practice in
response to team needs
•Employ strategies to enhance team development and
maximize team impact
Program Outcomes…
So that
you will
be able
to… • Identify methods for creating and sustaining a culture
of collaboration with individuals and teams
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2/10/2020 9
A Coaching
Style of
Leadership
MLSS Coaching
Roles &
Activities
Coaching
Conversation
Format
Coaching
Competencies
The Change
Process
Instructional
Coaching
Roles &
Activities
#LeadCoachSucceed
EQUITYEQUITY
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MLSS Coaching Roles and Activities• Framework expert
• Assist in selecting evidence-based curriculum, interventions, assessment tools, instructional strategies, and collaborative practices and structures
• Support and facilitate MLSS teams
• Lead and/or support data collection analysis and decision-making for improved student learning
• Share leadership of the implementation of the MLSS framework with all leaders
MLSS Coaching
EQUITY
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2/10/2020 11
MLSS Leadership Structures, Processes, and Products
District MLSS
Leadership Team
School MLSS
Leadership Team
Grade Level/
Course Team
Classroom
District MLSS
Vision
School MLSS
Vision
Grade Level/
Course MLSS
Vision
Classroom
MLSS Vision
District MLSS
Non-Negotiables
School MLSS
Non-Negotiables
Grade Level/
Course Non-
Negotiables
Classroom
Non-
Negotiables
District MLSS
Goals/ Action Plan
School MLSS
Goals/Action Plan
Grade Level/
Course Goals/
Action Plan
Classroom
Goals/Action
Plan
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2/10/2020 13
“Why Teams?”
Patrick Lencioni:
Teamwork
Featured Video
5
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2/10/2020 14
Why Teams?
• Effective teamwork yields higher results
than individual efforts
• Collaboration sustains adaptive change
• Collaborative cultures lead to higher
student achievement
• Members of successful teams become
members and leaders elsewhere in the system
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2/10/2020 15
Key Ideas About Teams
“A team is a relatively small number of people that share common
goals as well as the rewards and responsibilities for achieving them.” (Lencioni, 2005)
“Expert groups are made, not born.” (Garmston, 2012)
“All groups work at less than full potential.” (Garmston, 2012)
“Each group is unique.” (Garmston, 2012)
“…no quality or characteristic is more important than trust.” (Lencioni, 2005)
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As a table group, brainstorm a
list of all the teams in place
at your school.
How many did your team
come up with?
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Stages of Team Development
• Forming (Purpose Building)
• Storming (Infrastructure)
• Norming (Initial Implementation)
• Performing (Full Implementation)
(Tuckman, 1965)#LeadCoachSucceed
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2/10/2020 18
Forming
Feelings/Thoughts – Excitement; anticipation; suspicion; fear; tentative
attachment to team; wondering
Behaviors – Polite; guarded; attempts; difficulty identifying relevant problems;
complaints; impatience
Needs – Directive coaching; mission, vision, purpose; membership;
goals/objectives; define roles, responsibilities, expectations; norms/guidelines
Leadership – Mentoring; directing; telling; guiding; establishing; high task-low
relationship; one-way communication
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2/10/2020 19
Storming
Feelings/thoughts – Resistance; fluctuating attitudes; risks/benefits; do I agree
with team purpose
Behaviors – Arguing; defensiveness; competition; power struggles; polarization;
lack of progress; unrealistic goals; loss of interest; opting out; norm violations
Needs – Directive/facilitative coaching; interpersonal relationships; trust; listening;
conflict resolution; understand style differences; leadership clarification
Leadership – Coaching; guidance; persuading; explaining; high
directing/supporting; high task/relationship; leader consults but decides
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2/10/2020 20
Norming
Feelings – Belonging; personal accomplishment; free expression; trust;
constructive criticism and conflict; relief
Behaviors – Established procedures; open communication; effective conflict
resolution; participation; shared decisions; progress; routines; unified mission
and purpose; keep norms; balance of power; team identity
Needs – Facilitative coaching; problem solving; decision making; leadership skills
Leadership – Coaching; supporting; encouraging; listening; collaborating; high
relationship; shared decision making; discussion
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2/10/2020 21
Performing
Feelings – High commitment; trust; friendships; fun and excitement; high
personal development and creativity; team inspires individual; understand
others’ styles
Behaviors – Self-change; flexibility; risk taking; mutual support; enthusiasm;
pride; satisfaction; shared, consensus decision making; flow; goal attainment
Needs – Transformational coaching; measuring performance; sustainability
Leadership – PLC/Peer coaching; delegation; observing and monitoring;
fulfilling; non-directive; leader sets goals with team, team accomplishes them
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2/10/2020 22
Client Needs/Coaching Strategies
Stages of
Individual Skill
Development (Gordon, 1974)
Unconsciously
Unskilled
Consciously
Unskilled
Consciously
Skilled
Unconsciously
Skilled
Coaching
Strategies
Mentoring
Consulting/
Directive Coaching
Mentoring/
Directive
Directive/
Facilitative
Facilitative/
Transformational
Stages of Change
Implementation(Fixsen & Blasé, 2009)
Purpose Building InfrastructureInitial
Implementation
Full
Implementation
Coach Behaviors Teaching/ Telling
Telling/Asking
Interpretive &
Mediational
Questions
Asking
Mediational &
Powerful
Questions
Asking
Mediational &
Powerful
Questions
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2/10/2020 23
Stages of
Individual Skill
Development (Gordon, 1974)
Unconsciously
Unskilled
Consciously
Unskilled
Consciously
Skilled
Unconsciously
Skilled
Stages of Team
Development(Tucker, 1964)
Forming Storming Norming Performing
Coaching Strategies
Mentoring
Consulting/ Directive
Coaching
Mentoring
Consulting
Coaching/
Directive
Facilitative
Coaching
Coaching/
Facilitative
Coaching
Coaching Peer
Coaching PLCs/
Transformational
Coaching
Stages of Change
Implementation(Fixsen & Blasé, 2009)
Purpose Building InfrastructureInitial
Implementation
Full
Implementation
Coach Behaviors Teaching/ Telling
Telling/Asking
Interpretive &
Mediational
Questions
Asking
Mediational &
Powerful
Questions
Asking Mediational
& Powerful
Questions
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2/10/2020 24
Job-Alike Conversation
What “squares” with your thinking?
What’s “going around” in your head?
What can you “point to” in your experience that illustrates these ideas?
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2/10/2020 25
Key System Features of an
Equitable, Multi-level System of Supports
Structures for
collaboration
#LeadCoachSucceed
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2/10/2020 26
What’s the Difference Between...Cooperation Coordination
Collaboration Congeniality
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2/10/2020 27
Cooperation
• Short term
• Informal
• No clear mission or structure
• No planning
• Share information about project at hand
• Individuals retain authority
• Separate resources
• No risk
• Low intensity
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2/10/2020 28
Coordination
• Longer term
• More formal
• Specific focus
• Some planning
• Open communication
• Authority retained by individuals
• Shared rewards and resources
• Power can be an issue
• Some intensity
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Collaboration
• Long term
• Pervasive relationships
• Commitment to mission
• New structure (transformation)
• Comprehensive planning
• Well-defined communication channels
• Collaborative structure defines authority
• Shared resources
• Greater risk - power is an issue
• High intensity
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2/10/2020 30
The Mary Poppins Principle
“The emphasis on human relations management has resulted in the value of congeniality becoming very strong in the way schools are
managed and led.
Congeniality has to do with the climate of interpersonal relationships
within an enterprise.
When the climate is friendly, agreeable, and sympathetic, congeniality
is high. Though congeniality is pleasant and often desirable, it is not
independently linked to better performance and quality schooling.”
(Thomas Sergiovanni, 2004)
Benevolence
is not
Congeniality!
11
Coaching Skills
as
Team Norms
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2/10/2020 33
“You can’t talk your way out of a culture
that you have behaved your way into,
you have to behave your way out.”Doug Conant, CEO
Collaborative Relationships
#LeadCoachSucceed
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2/10/2020 34
Norms of Collaboration
1. Pausing
2. Paraphrasing
3. Posing questions
4. Putting ideas on the table
5. Providing data
6. Paying attention to self and others
7. Presuming positive intentions
(Garmston, 2012)
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2/10/2020 35
“Groups that ignore inappropriate member behavior in an attempt to avoid conflict
decrease their ability to solve problems that are
often conspicuous. Avoiding conflict often
results in hostility and decreased performance.”
(Wolff, et. al. 2006)
Collaborative Relationships
#LeadCoachSucceed
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2/10/2020 36
1. What personal connections are you
making with these norms?
2. Which of these norms is most important
for your full participation in a group?
3. Which of these norms might you find the
most challenging?
Norms of Collaboration - Annotated
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2/10/2020 37
The Five Dysfunctions of a TeamPatrick Lencioni
IN-
ATTENTION
TO
RESULTSAVOIDANCE OF
ACCOUNTABILITYLACK OF
COMMITMENTFEAR OF
CONFLICTABSENCE OF
TRUST
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2/10/2020 38
The Five Functions of Effective TeamsHeidi Laabs
ATTENTION
TO
RESULTSMutual
ACCOUNTABILITYShared
COMMITMENTSProductive Response to
CONFLICTWorkable
TRUST
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2/10/2020 39
Trust Matrix
(Joiner & Associates, 1990)
I believe
you are a
competent
adversary
Workable
Trust
I believe
you are an
incompetent
adversary
I believe
you are an
inept ally
Low HighBelief in your
benevolence
High
Low
Belief in your
competence
Trust Matrix
#LeadCoachSucceed
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2/10/2020 40
Workable Trust
• Trust is the foundation of teamwork
• On a team, trust is all about vulnerability,
which is difficult for most people
• Building trust takes time, but the process can
be greatly accelerated
• Trust on a team is never complete; it must be
maintained over time
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Members of Teams that Lack Trust
• Conceal their weaknesses and mistakes
• Don’t ask for help or give constructive feedback
• Hesitate to offer help outside their own responsibilities
• Jump to conclusions about others’ intentions• Fail to recognize others’ skills and abilities• Waste time and energy managing behaviors
• Hold grudges
• Dread and avoid meetings
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Trust matters most in
situations of interdependence, .
in which the interests of one party cannot be
achieved without reliance upon another…above all things,
trust is expressed in one’s willingness to be vulnerable…
to place oneself at risk by confessing one’s flaws, needs, hopes, and fears.
Megan Tschannen-Moran, Trust Matters and Patrick Lencioni, Five Dysfunctions of a Team
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Members of Trusting Teams
• Admit weaknesses and mistakes
• Ask for help
• Accept questions and input about their work
• Give others the benefit of the doubt
• Offer feedback and assistance
• Focus time and energy on important issues
• Offer and accept apologies
• Look forward to meetings and working together
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2/10/2020 44
Video
What are some successful strategies or
activities that you have used to build
trust among team members?
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2/10/2020 45
Overcoming Lack of Trust
• Group development activities
• Style/personality inventories
• Team effectiveness assessments
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Style Profiling
• Gives team members an objective way to understand and
describe one another
• Increases the likelihood that people will open up and
acknowledge their strengths and weaknesses
• By giving a common vocabulary for describing strengths
and weaknesses, it becomes safe to give feedback without
seeming accusatory or making unfounded generalizations
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2/10/2020 47
True Colors
• An inventory to help you understand your own personality
style/type and the personality style/type of your teammates
• Promotes appreciation of individual differences
• A metaphor
• Each person is a unique blend of four colors or styles –a veritable rainbow!
• There are no “good” or “bad” colors• There are wide individual variations within each color
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Compare all four boxes in each row.
Do not analyze each word, just get a sense of each box.
1 - Score each of the four boxes in each row from most to least like you.
4 = most like you 2 = somewhat like you
3 = a lot like you 1 = least like you
2 - Tally the scores for the items in each of the colored boxes at the bottom.
This will give you your True Colors.
3 - Read about your color spectrum. DO NOT share your results with your
table/team members at this time.
True Colors
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Colors at a Glance
• Gold – “Be prepared and organized!”
• Green – “What’s the Big Picture?”
• Orange – “Just do it!”
• Blue – “How does that make you feel?
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Leadership and Coaching Implications
• How we communicate with each other
• How we direct our energy
• How we make a cohesive, effective team
• How we solve problems
• How we deal with conflict
• How we build on strengths
• How we coach and lead
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Gold Attributes
• Loves to plan
• Detail and service oriented
• Values tradition
• Helpful, trustworthy, conservative, stable
• Never breaks the speed limit
• Seeks security
• Punctual, predictable, precise
• Duty, loyalty, responsibility
• There is a right way to do everything
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Blue Attributes
• Optimists
• Caretakers
• Passionate
• Peacemakers
• Romantic
• Cause oriented
• Cooperative rather than competitive
• Feelings and emotions
• Always a kind word
• Spiritual
• Peace, harmony, relationships
• Support and encourage others
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2/10/2020 53
Orange Attributes
• Playful
• Energetic
• Charming
• Risk taker
• Tests limits
• Quick witted
• Negotiator
• Creative, inventive
• Spontaneous, impulsive
• Natural entertainer
• Likes tangible rewards
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2/10/2020 54
Green Attributes
• Intellectual, theoretical
• “Idea” people• Philosophical
• Complex
• Perfectionist
• Visionary
• Can never know enough
• Cool, calm, collected
• Work is play, play is work
• Abstract, conceptual, global
• Needs independence and private time
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• Rigid, controlling, bossy
• Dull, boring
• Stubborn, opinionated
• Rule-bound
• Unimaginative
• Judgmental
• Limiting flexibility
• Uptight and tense
• Sets own agenda
• Rigid sense of time
How Others May See Golds
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• Overemotional
• Groveling, fawning
• Wimpy
• Thin skinned, overemotional
• Too nice
• Naïve
• Smothering
• Talk too much, share too much
• Can’t handle conflict• Too much of a cheerleader
• Warm & fuzzy, touchy/feely
How Others May See Blues
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How Others May See Oranges
• Irresponsible
• Flaky
• Jokesters
• Always want to have fun
• Not interested in serious ideas
• Rule breakers
• Not trustworthy
• Always off task
• Messy, cluttered, disorganized
• Vindictive
• Uncontrollable
How Others May See Oranges
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• Cold, remote
• Hard to get to know
• Distant
• Afraid to open up
• Not detail oriented
• “In the clouds”• Intellectual snob
• Critical and fault finding
• Egocentric
• Don’t consider people in their plans
How Others May See Greens
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Blue
• Relate what you’re saying to feelings• Avoid open criticism
• Put peoples’ needs ahead of procedures• Be honest and genuine
• Allow input and questions
• Keep your promises
Green
• Use clear and precise language
• Use logic and data to support your ideas
• Get right to the point
• Keep the conversation focused and relevant
• Ask interpretive and mediational questions
• Evoke possibilities
Orange
• Cut to the heart of the issue
• Straight talk
• Be bold; say what’s on your mind
• Focus on action
• Talk about results
• Keep the conversation lively
Gold
• Give straightforward direction
• Refer to the past and tradition
• Don’t get sidetracked• Keep conversation in order
• Follow an agenda
• Talk about responsibilities
True Colors Conversations
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Blue
• How much do I care about what I gain or lose in
each alternative?
• What values are involved?
• How will people feel about the outcome?
• Who is committed to the solution?
Green
• What are the pros and cons?
• What are the possibilities and obstacles?
• What are the potential consequences?
• What are the consequences of not acting?
Orange
• What are the possibilities?
• How can we think outside the box?
• What other ways are there to solve this?
• What are implications beyond the facts?
Gold
• What are the facts?
• What is the exact situation?
• What’s been done in the past?• What is my role? Others’ roles?
True Colors Problem Solving
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Blue
• Opportunities for social contact
• Have clear expectations
• Opportunities to be creative
• Allow expression of feelings
• Give individual attention
• Give opportunities to please
Green
• Ask for their ideas
• Allow them to work independently
• Allow them to build and show competence
• Give them a leadership role
• Ask for explanations and additional insights
Orange
• Short-term, challenging assignments
• Let them show cleverness
• Hands-on, engaging activities
• Immediate needs and issues
Gold
• Let them direct the process
• Let them organize others
• Have stability, consistency and rules
• Clear expectations
• Consistent feedback
Get the Interest of True Colors
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Enhance True Colors’ EsteemBlue
• Reassure them of their self-worth
• Recognize their accomplishments and contributions
• Sincere praise and affirmations
• Accept who they are
• Provide a harmonious environment
Green
• Provide feedback on the quality of their work
• Offer tasks that are challenging and difficult but
achievable
• Focus on their competence
Orange
• Provide frequent change in tasks
• Challenge their imagination
• Have a sense of humor
Gold
• Provide consistency
• Give clear feedback
• Make their roles clear
• Concrete rewards for success
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1. Introduce yourself to your team by telling them the order of your
four True Colors.
2. What True Colors are represented in your group?
3. What surprises you?
4. What doesn’t surprise you?
5. How will you use what you know about True Colors amongst
yourselves? With others?
Team Conversation
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2/10/2020 64
The Five Functions of Effective TeamsHeidi Laabs
ATTENTION
TO
RESULTSMutual
ACCOUNTABILITYShared
COMMITMENTSProductive Response to
CONFLICTWorkable
TRUST
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2/10/2020 65
Conflict Continuum
Artificial
Harmony
Mean-Spirited
Personal Attacks
CONSTRUCTIVE DESTRUCTIVE
IDEAL CONFLICT POINT
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• Conflict is inevitable. Conflict on a team is good.
• “Good” conflict requires trust.
• Even on the best teams, conflict at times will be uncomfortable.
• Norms for conflict must be articulated and discussed.
• Keep conflict about ideas as much as possible, not about people.
Productive Response to Conflict
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Teams that Fear Conflict
• Have boring meetings
• Back-room politics and backstabbing are common
• Ignore controversies that are critical for team success
• Fail to tap opinions and perspectives of all members
• Waste time and energy on posturing and avoiding interpersonal risks
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Teams Engaging in Productive Conflict
• Have lively, interesting meetings
• Seek ideas of all team members
• Solve real problems quickly
• Minimize politics
• Put critical topics on the table
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Build Productive Response to Conflict
• Establish workable trust
• “Mine” conflicts using coaching questions
• Give real-time permission
• Refer to results of style/personality inventories
• Conflict resolution inventories and trainings
• Leaders model appropriate conflict behaviors
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What single norm for
addressing conflict within
a team is most
important to you?
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The Five Functions of Effective TeamsHeidi Laabs
ATTENTION
TO
RESULTSMutual
ACCOUNTABILITYShared
COMMITMENTSProductive Response to
CONFLICTWorkable
TRUST
Buy-in
Clarity
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Teams That Lack Commitment
• Are ambiguous about direction and priorities
• Miss windows of opportunity due to excessive analysis
• Lack confidence and fear failure
• Repeatedly revisit discussions and decisions
• Encourage and engage in second-guessing
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Teams With Shared Commitment
• Are clear on direction and priority
• Align around common objectives
• Learn from mistakes
• Seize opportunities before others do
• Move forward without hesitation
• Change direction without guilt
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Build Shared Commitment
• Build trust
• Engage in productive conflict
• Get buy-in and clarity
• Cascade messaging
• Write it down
• Set deadlines for decisions
• Start with low-risk decisions
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The Five Functions of Effective TeamsHeidi Laabs
ATTENTION
TO
RESULTSMutual
ACCOUNTABILITYShared
COMMITMENTSProductive Response to
CONFLICTWorkable
TRUST
26
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Mutual Accountability
• Accountability on a strong team occurs among peers
• Peer pressure
• For a culture of accountability to thrive, leaders must be
willing to confront difficult issues
• Use a team scoreboard or process check to hold one another
accountable during meetings
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Teams That Avoid Accountability
• Resent others who don’t meet performance standards
• Encourage mediocrity
• Miss deadlines
• Burden the leader with accountability and discipline
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Teams That Accept Accountability
• Pressure poor performers to improve
• Question one another’s approaches
• Hold one another to high standards
• Don’t need bureaucracy to manage performance
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• Build trust
• Engage in productive conflict
• Gain commitment
• Clarify and publicize goals and standards
• Conduct regular progress reviews
• Celebrate and reward team achievement
Promote Mutual Accountability
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The Five Functions of Effective TeamsHeidi Laabs
ATTENTION
TO
RESULTSMutual
ACCOUNTABILITYShared
COMMITMENTSProductive Response to
CONFLICTWorkable
TRUST
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Attention to Results
• The true measure of a great team is that it achieves the results it set
out to accomplish
• Team members must prioritize the results of the team over their own
individual or department results
• To stay focused, teams must publicly clarify their desired results and
keep them visible
• Create and use a Team Scoreboard – your team’s goals and objectives
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“Reflection, it turns out, is key to growth... This universal truth holds: Any group too busy to
reflect about its work is too busy to improve.
Effective teams are conscious about what
makes them effective. They possess knowledge
about being a productive group.”
(Robert Hargrove, 2012)
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Team Assessment
1. Individually, complete the Team Assessment and
Scoring Guide
2. As a team, review the results of your individual
assessments, discuss discrepancies in your results,
and identify potential implications for your team
(Lencioni, 2002)
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What idea(s) about working
with teams resonates most?
What will you take back and
apply in your daily work?
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Quick Write
Describe a scenario that
you have that relates to
what we have
learned/discussed/reflected
on this morning…
Live Coaching
Demo
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Video
Lunch Break!
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Save the Last Word for Me
• Silently, identify the most significant idea in the chapter
• One member identifies his/her idea, without elaborating
• Each participant takes one minute to respond
• Original participant has two minutes to respond,
getting “The Last Word”• Repeat with each participant’s significant idea
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What “Big Idea” did your group find most
significant in
chapters 11-15?
Big Ideas
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Coaching Triad Practice
1. Hold three coaching sessions with one person observing,
one person coaching, and one person being the client,
10 minutes each
2. Focus on your questioning strategies, especially asking
“Powerful Questions”
3. Record questions using The Coaching Format Notes
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Team Work Time
Systems Coaching Review
and Strategic Plan
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Assignment for Session 6
• Read Transforming School Culture: Strategies for Overcoming Staff Division
• Hold 1-2 more coaching sessions
with your client
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