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European Expansion and the Age of Discovery
TERMS and IDENTIFICATIONS: caravel, Hernando Cortés, The Columbian Exchange, smallpox, The Destruction of the Indies, Roanoke
• From 11th to 14th centuries, European agricultural production more than doubled, population nearly tripled.
• Commercial Expansion• Renaissance, 14 to 16th centuries -- Humanistic• Rise of monarchies• Technological advances: gunpowder, printing press, compass• Discovery and Conquest
– Portuguese explore African coast during 1400s and reach India by 1497– Columbus’s first voyage, 1492– Hernando Cortés conquers the Aztecs, 1521; Pizarro conquers Incas, 1528– Cabeza de Vaca journeys, 1528-1536 – Cartier reconnoiters the St. Lawrence river, 1530s – Hernadno de Soto, 1539-1542; Coronado expeditions, 1539-41 – Roanoke, 1584-87
The Caravel, 1400s
• Fast and could sail into wind
• Sturdier construction
• Used extensively by Portuguese to explore African Coast
• Niña & Pinta
European Expansion and the Age of Discovery
TERMS AND IDENTIFICATIONS: caravel, Cortés, The Columbian Exchange, smallpox, The Destruction of the Indies, Roanoke
• From 11th to 14th centuries, European agricultural production more than doubled, population nearly tripled.
• Commercial Expansion• Renaissance, 14th to 16th centuries -- Humanistic• Rise of monarchies• Technological advances: gunpowder, printing press, compass• Discovery and Conquest
– Portuguese explore African coast during 1400s and reach India by 1497– Columbus’s first voyage, 1492– Hernando Cortés conquers the Aztecs, 1521; Pizarro conquers Incas, 1528– Cabeza de Vaca journeys, 1528-1536 – Cartier reconnoiters the St. Lawrence river, 1530s – Hernadno de Soto, 1539-1542; Coronado expeditions, 1539-41 – Roanoke, 1584-87
European Expansion and the Age of Discovery
TERMS AND IDENTIFICATIONS: caravel, Cortés, The Columbian Exchange, smallpox, The Destruction of the Indies, Roanoke
• From 11th to 14th centuries, European agricultural production more than doubled, population nearly tripled.
• Commercial Expansion• Renaissance, 14th to 16th centuries -- Humanistic• Rise of monarchies• Technological advances: gunpowder, printing press, compass• Discovery and Conquest
– Portuguese explore African coast during 1400s and reach India by 1497– Columbus’s first voyage, 1492– Hernando Cortés conquers the Aztecs, 1521; Pizarro conquers Incas, 1528– Cabeza de Vaca journeys, 1528-1536 – Cartier reconnoiters the St. Lawrence river, 1530s – Hernadno de Soto, 1539-1542; Coronado expeditions, 1539-41 – Roanoke, 1584-87
I. Conquest by diseaseA. SmallpoxB. Syphilis
II. Conquest by PlantsA. Europeans learn to cultivate/utilize new world plantsB. development of cash crops (esp. sugar!)C. Europeans learn to cultivate their own old world plants in the AmericasD. the problem of weeds.
III. Conquest by AnimalsA. pigs gone wildB. animals of war: horses/bull mastiffs
IV. New World Food→European population explosion
Columbian Exchange
Why did Europeans conquer indigenous Americans so quickly?
I. Conquest by diseaseA. SmallpoxB. Syphilis
II. Conquest by PlantsA. Europeans learn to cultivate/utilize new world plantsB. development of cash crops (esp. sugar!)C. Europeans learn to cultivate their own old world plants in the AmericasD. the problem of weeds.
III. Conquest by AnimalsA. pigs gone wildB. animals of war: horses/bull mastiffs
IV. New World Food→European population explosion
Columbian Exchange
Why did Europeans conquer indigenous Americans so quickly?