A property is a quality or attribute.

Is the property Intensive or Extensive?

Is the property Physical or Chemical?

Lecture 2.1- Properties of Matter

Properties used to describe matter can be classified as extensive or intensive.

Describing Matter

Properties used to describe matter can be classified as extensive or intensive.

–An extensive property depends on the amount of matter in a sample.

Describing Matter

Properties used to describe matter can be classified as extensive or intensive.

–An extensive property depends on the amount of matter in a sample.

–An intensive property depends on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount of matter.

Describing Matter

– Extensive properties depend on amount.

2.1Describing Matter

– Extensive properties depend on amount.

• The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object contains.

2.1Describing Matter

– Extensive properties depend on amount.

• The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object contains.

• The volume of an object is a measure of the space occupied by the object.

2.1Describing Matter

– Extensive properties depend on amount.

• The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object contains.

• The volume of an object is a measure of the space occupied by the object.

2.1Describing Matter

– Extensive properties depend on amount.

• The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object contains.

• The volume of an object is a measure of the space occupied by the object.

2.1

The big ball has more mass and volume than the little ball.

Describing Matter

Intensive Properties The hardness of a bowling ball is an example of an intensive property.

2.1 Describing Matter

Is flammability an extensive or intensive property?

Identifying Substances

Matter that has a uniform and definite composition is called a substance.

A substance is pure.

2.1

Identifying Substances

Every sample of a given substance has identical intensive properties.

2.1

Identifying Substances

Every sample of a given substance has identical intensive properties.

Example- Every sample of pure water is a clear, odorless, liquid at room temperature. It will boil at 100ºC and freeze at 0ºC.

2.1

Identifying Substances

Every sample of a given substance has identical intensive properties.

Example- Every sample of pure water is a clear, odorless, liquid at room temperature. It will boil at 100ºC and freeze at 0ºC.

These properties are intensive because they do not depend on how big the sample is.

2.1

Identifying Substances

• A physical property can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition.

• Hardness, color, and crystal shape are examples of physical properties.

2.1

Identifying Substances2.1

States of Matter2.1

Three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.

A solid is a form of matter that has a definite shape and volume.

2.1 States of Matter

A liquid is a form of matter that has an indefinite shape (it flows) but a definite volume.

2.1 States of Matter

A gas is a form of matter that takes both the shape and volume of its container.

2.1 States of Matter

A gas is a form of matter that takes both the shape and volume of its container.

The gas state is the only state of matter that is compressible.

2.1 States of Matter

Vapor describes a gas that is usually a liquid or solid at room temperature, as in water vapor.

2.1 States of Matter

States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists

States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists

Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume!

States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists

Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume!

States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists

Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume!

Liquid- particles are very close but can move around each other. Takes the shape of its container, but has a fixed volume.

States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists

Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume!

Liquid- particles are very close but can move around each other. Takes the shape of its container, but has a fixed volume.

States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists

Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume!

Liquid- particles are very close but can move around each other. Takes the shape of its container, but has a fixed volume.

Gas- particles are far apart and moving fast. Has no fixed shape or volume.

States of matter- the 3 forms in which matter exists

Solid- particles are tightly packed in a rigid structure. Has a fixed shape and volume!

Liquid- particles are very close but can move around each other. Takes the shape of its container, but has a fixed volume.

Gas- particles are far apart and moving fast. Has no fixed shape or volume.

Substances go from solid to liquid to gas as energy increases.

Physical Changes

During a physical change, some properties of a material change, but the composition of the material does not change.

As gallium melts in a person’s hand, the shape of the sample changes, but the composition of the material does not change.

2.1

HomeworkRead section 2.1 and complete section 2.1 problems

HomeworkRead section 2.1 and complete section 2.1 problems