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Page 41Dr. Camberos
MEE 401 AEE 501Aerodynamics
Introduction
Basic Aero Forces
Page 42Dr. Camberos Aerodynamics
Aero Parameters of Interest
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Page 43Dr. Camberos Aerodynamics
Theories of LiftNewton's Sine-Squared Law
Page 44Dr. Camberos Aerodynamics
Theories of LiftNewton's Sine-Squared Law, 2
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Page 45Dr. Camberos Aerodynamics
Theories of LiftBernoulli's Equation
Page 46Dr. Camberos Aerodynamics
Theories of LiftBernoulli's Equation, 2
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Page 47Dr. Camberos Aerodynamics
Theories of LiftCirculation Theory of Lift
Page 48Dr. Camberos Aerodynamics
Theories of LiftCirculation Theory of Lift, 2
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Page 49Dr. Camberos Aerodynamics
Sources of Drag
Page 50Dr. Camberos Aerodynamics
Sources of DragInduced Drag
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Page 51Dr. Camberos Aerodynamics
Sources of DragWake Drag
Asymmetry:
Page 52Dr. Camberos
Sources of DragSkin Friction Drag
! So far: inviscid, ideal fluid flow! Real fluids characterized by frictional effects
!Viscous drag = resistance to moving body dueto surrounding (stationary) fluid
! Laminar Flow
! Turbulent FlowAerodynamics
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Page 53Dr. Camberos
Transition
Aerodynamics
Page 54Dr. Camberos
IntroductionMiscellaneous: Airplane Controls Terminology
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Page 55Dr. Camberos
General Analysis Procedure
! Typical analysis work flow
Aerodynamics
Physical Problem
IdentifyImportant
variables
Make reasonableassumptions and
approximations
Apply relevantphysical
principles
Mathematical Equation
Problem Solution
Use applicablesolution techniques
Apply suitableboundary and
initial conditions
Page 56Dr. Camberos
General Analysis Procedure-2
Aerodynamics
! Typical analysis process flow! Write out problem statement! Draw a problem schematic! State your assumptions and approximations! Apply all relevant basic physical laws & principles! Determine unknown properties at known states! Perform calculations to determine the unknowns!
Verify the validity of the results
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Page 57Dr. Camberos Aerodynamics
Summary
! What a fluid is.! Its properties. The governing laws
! Reynolds number. Mach number! How Newtons 2nd Law works as a vector equation! Ideal fluid (incompressible, inviscid, ideal gas)! Viscous effects: no-slip condition, boundary layer,
separation, wake, turbulence, laminar
! Compressibility effects: Regimes, shock waves,isentropic waves.! Initial ideas of concepts such as streamlines/eddies! Qualitative understanding
Page 58Dr. Camberos Aerodynamics
Miscellaneous: Constitutive Relations
! Fouriers Law of Heat Conduction
! Newtons Law of Viscosity