Lesson 1: In Search of Essential Nutrientsadil-tmsa.weebly.com › uploads › 8 › 6 › 4 › 8...

Lesson 1: In Search of Essential Nutrients

Engage

• Define an essential element

• Compare and contrast the essential nutrient requirements of plants and humans

• Explain why plants cannot use elemental nitrogen found in the atmosphere

• Identify the sources for each essential nutrient needed by plants

What we’re learning!

By the end of this lesson, you’ll be able to:

Copyright © 2013 Discovery Education. All rights reserved. Discovery Education Inc. is a subsidiary of Discovery Communications, LLC.

Warm-up: What do humans need to live?

Humans need:


Warm-up: What do humans consume from the environment for survival?

Oxygen Cells are mostly made of H2O

Energy & chemical building blocks of cells

Do plants need food?

?

??


An essential element

1. Is required for a plant to complete its life cycle;

1. Cannot be replaced by another element;

1. Is directly involved in the plant’s metabolism; and

1. Is required by many different plants.


Any of 17 essential mineral and non-mineral elements necessary for plant growth.

nutrient:

plant

Essential plant nutrients

human

plant

both

Do humans require the same essential elements as plants?

Sources of essential nutrients

A condition where the amount of a nutrient essential to the health of an organism is lacking or present in an insufficient amount.

nutrient deficiency:

Video: Sources of essential nutrients

https://s3.amazonaws.com/mediashare.discoveryeducation.net/jambi_assets/43c7adfb-da27-a49d-13ed-b2d7f9f0c5bd/574aba97-0e14-45e9-847d-ff0dac2cc1a9.mp4

https://s3.amazonaws.com/mediashare.discoveryeducation.net/jambi_assets/43c7adfb-da27-a49d-13ed-b2d7f9f0c5bd/574aba97-0e14-45e9-847d-ff0dac2cc1a9.mp4

Sour

ces o

f es

sent

ial n

utrie

nts A

A

A

W

W

SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS

Water

Air

Soil

Make a plate for a plant


Video: Using nitrogen

https://s3.amazonaws.com/mediashare.discoveryeducation.net/jambi_assets/43b23cb1-f29b-07bd-1964-5fbf18e199d8/4c4f7c8b-01fb-4f8e-a62f-969e70255de4.mp4

https://s3.amazonaws.com/mediashare.discoveryeducation.net/jambi_assets/43b23cb1-f29b-07bd-1964-5fbf18e199d8/4c4f7c8b-01fb-4f8e-a62f-969e70255de4.mp4

1. What happens to plants if soil microbes are not present to convert either nitrogen gas to a usable form, or to release nitrogen from dead plants and the soil’s organic matter?

2. What could you do to help plants grow in soil that does not contain enough usable nitrogen?

Using nitrogen

Summary: Sources of essential nutrients

Air: Carbon and Oxygen.

Water: Hydrogen and Oxygen.

Soil: All essential elements


Looking forward: Soil nutrients

Where do the essential nutrients in soil come from?


Lesson 2: Properties of Soil

Explore

Copyright © 2013 Discovery Education. All rights reserved. Discovery Education Inc. is a subsidiary of Discovery Communications, LLC.Copyright © 2013 Discovery Education. All rights reserved. Discovery Education Inc. is a subsidiary of Discovery Communications, LLC.Copyright © 2013 Discovery Education. All rights reserved. Discovery Education Inc. is a subsidiary of Discovery Communications, LLC.

What we’re learning!

• List aspects of soil composition

• Appreciate that soils are living and dynamic

• Recognize that soils vary in composition

• Describe where nutrients in soils come from

• Recognize that plants take up water and nutrients from the soil

• Recognize that growing crops can deplete agricultural soils of nutrients

By the end of this lesson, you’ll be able to:



Warm-up: What is soil made of?



Video - Soil: The Skin of the Earth

http://gtm-media-2.discoveryeducation.com/v2.4/46933/CL973-07CVB_300k.mp4

http://gtm-media-2.discoveryeducation.com/v2.4/46933/CL973-07CVB_300k.mp4


Warm-up: How would you categorize the components of soil?

Inorganic material:• Clay• Silt• Sand

Organic material:• Dead plant material• Bacteria• Insects• Worms



Warm-up: How do soils help plants grow?

Soils:

•Support plants’ root systems•Provide essential nutrients•Hold water and make it accessible to plants



Can healthy soil support the growth of crop plants forever, or does it go ‘bad’?



Rainforests are being destroyed due to farmers clearing new land in search of nutrient-rich soil for crops.



History Connection: The 1930’s Dustbowl

Erosion affected 100,000,000 acres in North America, creating terrible dust storms and left many farms abandoned.



Let’s observe!

What do you notice about

the different soils?



Can you identify the organic material?

Organic material

Inorganic particles

(clay)


Do all soils support the growth of plants equally well?


Class Activity

Different groups will explore:

1. Dry soil investigation

2. Soil and air space

3. Soil and water

Follow the directions on your handout, record your observations, and answer any questions.

End Time: 15 minutes



Activity: 1. Dry Soil Investigation

What we learned:

• Soils differ in their composition.

• Soils contain organic and inorganic particles of varying size.

• Soils contain microorganisms that cannot be seen but are critical to plant growth.

• Visual inspection cannot fully evaluate the nutrient content of soils.



Activity: 2. Soil and Air Space

What we learned:

•Soils differ in the amounts of air space that they contain.

•Average soils that support crops consist of nearly 50 percent air space.

•The air space in soil can be occupied by either air or water.

•Soils need both air space and water to support a plant’s root system.

•Plant roots absorb nutrients from the soil water.



Activity: 3. Soil and Water

• Infiltration: the ability of soil to accept water

• Percolation: the ability of soil to transmit water throughout its depth

Potting Soil

Mor

e w

ater

Less

w

ater

Fast

Slow

Sand

Local soil

Local soil

Potting Soil

Sand


What properties of soil are important to plant growth?

• Firm enough to support plant’s root system

• Contains essential plant nutrients

• Contains adequate amounts of organic material and clay

• Contains about 50 percent air space

• Allows water to infiltrate and percolate through it



The next lesson will investigate how nutrients are absorbed and distributed throughout the plant.

Looking forward



Homework 1: Short paper on the soil triangle

Intro: Soils vary in their proportions of clay, silt, and sand. The soil triangle is used to classify soil types.

Assignment: Using background information supplied by your teacher,write a short paper that describes how scientists use the soil triangle to classify different types of soils.


Homework 2: Soil Sample

Instructions:

•Work with a parent or guardian to obtain a soil sample from a nearby area.

•Send your soil sample for testing at the local county agricultural extension department or state university.

•Bring your soil analysis to class to compare with other students’ findings.


Date post:	27-Jun-2020
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