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NS100NS100
Introduction to Introduction to Navigation and TimeNavigation and Time
Objectives1. Understand the terrestrial coordinate
system as used to determine position on the surface of the earth.
2. Understand the concepts of latitude and longitude, and how distances and direction on the surface of the earth are computed.
3. Understand time and time zones in navigation.
Reference Points and Lines
Axis
Poles
Great Circles
Equator
Meridians
Small circles
Reference Points
Prime Meridian
Equator
North Pole
South Pole
Longitude line
Latitude line
Coordinate System
Position - Latitude and LongitudeExample: Degreeso Minutes’ Seconds”
39o 58’ 55” N 075o 28’ 45” W
Rhumb Lines & Great Circles
Rhumb line
Great Circle
Equator
- - - - - - - - - - -
X W V U T S R Q P O N Z A B C D E F G H I K L11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+12 Y -12 M
+12 +11 +10 +9 +8 +7 +6 +5 +4 +3 +2 +1 0 -1 -2 -3 - 4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10 -11 -12
Y X W V U T S R Q P O N Z A B C D E F G H I K L M
Time DefinitionsDaylight Savings Time –
SPRING AHEAD , FALL BACK+5 becomes…
+4-9 becomes…
-10
International Date Line
Used as a convenience.
“If its SUNday in SAN Francisco, it’s MONday in
MANilla”
Date Time Group FormatDate Time Group (DTG) - This format is used on virtually all military message traffic. The format is as follows:
DDTTTTZMONYR
241300ZJAN04
Arc to Time Conversions
ARC TIME15 deg 1 hr1 deg 4 min
(1 deg =60’) 60’ 240 sec(1min=60sec)
1’ 4 sec