LIBRARY & INTERNET RESEARCH

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HOW WELL DO YOU KNOW

YOUR LIBRARY?

BOOK LOANS

CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM

PENALTIES

LIBRARY CATALOGUE

OPAC

REFERENCE BOOKS

JOURNAL AND

DATABASES

OPENING AND

CLOSING TIMES

LOCATIONS

LIBRARY STAFF

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LIBRARY RESEARCH

HOW BOOKS ARE ORGANIZED IN LIBRARY?

a. DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM (DDC)

b. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS SYSTEM (LLC)

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a. DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM (DDC)

Use numbers from 000 to 999 to classify materials into 10 major groups by subject matter.

000-099 General 100-199 Philosophy

200-299 Religion 300-399 Social Science

400-499 Language 500-599 Science

600-699 Useful Arts 700-799 Fine Arts

800-899 Literature 900-999 History4

Each major grouping is further divided into 10

500-599 Science :

510 Mathematics 520 Astronomy530 Physics 540 Chemistry550 Geology 560 Fossils570 Life Sciences 580 Botanical

Sciences590 Zoology

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Then they have further subdivision.

510 Mathematics :

512 Algebra 513 Arithmetic514 Topology515 Analysis/Calculus516 Geometry519 Probability/Statistics, Numerical Analysis

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Other Example

570 Life Sciences574 Biology

574.1 Physiology574.2 pathology574.3 Development and Maturation574.4 Anatomy574.5 Ecology574.6 Economy Biology

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b. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS SYSTEM (LLC)

A - General works (Encyclopedias and other reference)B - Philosophy, Psychology and ReligionC – History: Auxiliary sciences (archeology, genealogy, etc)D – History: General, non-AmericanE – American history (general)F – American history (local)

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G – Geography/Anthropology

H – Social sciences (sociology, business,

economics)

J – Political sciences

K – Law

L – Education

M – Music

N – Fine arts (art and architecture)

P – Language/Literature

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Q – Sciences

R – Medicine

S – Agriculture

T – Technology

U – Military science

V – Naval science

Z – Bibliography/Library science

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Q ScienceQA Mathematics and ComputingQC PhysicQD ChemistryQE Geology

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i. Identify and develop your topic

- State your topic idea as a question.

- Identify the main concepts or keywords in your question.

ii. Find the background information

- use encyclopedias and dictionaries

TIP: EXPLOIT BIBLIOGRAPHIES

7 steps of research process:

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iii.Use catalogs to find books and media- Use keyword searching to find materials

by topic or subject - write down the citation (author, title,etc.)

and the location information (call number and library).

- Note the circulation status - find the location and call number of books

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iv. Use indexes to find periodical articles

Periodicals are continuous publications such as journals, newspapers, or magazines.- use periodical indexes and abstracts to find citations to articles

v.Find internet resources

- Use search engines

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vi. Evaluate what you find critically analyze information sources

a. Initial appraisal

- author, date of publication, edition or revision, publisher, title of journal

b. Content analysis

- Intended audience, objective reasoning, coverage, writing style, evaluative reviews

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vii. Cite what you find using a standard format

- gives proper credit to the authors of the materials used

- allows those who are reading your work to duplicate your research and locate the sources that you have listed as references.

* Knowingly representing the work of others as your own is plagarism

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REFERENCING

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How to cite/reference material

Different fields use different styles for formatting information:BooksConference Papers & ThesesReportsJournal ArticlesMagazine & NewspapersAudiovisualOthers (Webpages, Legal Materials, Course HandoutsFigures and Tables

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APA REFERENCING

The American Psychological Association reference style uses the Author-Date format.

When quoting directly or indirectly from a source, the source must be acknowledged in the text by author name and year of publication.

If quoting directly, a location reference such as page number(s) or paragraph number is also required.

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IN-TEXTDirect quotation – use quotation marks around the quote

and include page numbers

Samovar and Porter (1997) point out that "language involves attaching meaning to symbols" (p.188). Alternatively, “Language involves attaching meaning to symbols" (Samovar & Porter, 1997, p.188).

Indirect quotation/paraphrasing – no quotation marks

Attaching meaning to symbols is considered to be the origin of written language (Samovar & Porter, 1997).

Citations from a secondary source

As Hall (1977) asserts, “culture also defines boundaries of different groups” (as cited in Samovar and Porter, 1997, p. 14).

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EXAMPLES OF REFERENCES BY TYPE

In a reference list In-text citation

1. Book with one authorKing, M. (2000). Wrestling with the angel: A life of Janet Frame. Auckland, New Zealand: Viking.

(King, 2000) orKing (2000) compares Frame .

2. Book with two to five authors Krause, K.-L., Bochner, S., & Duchesne, S. (2006). Educational psychology for learning and teaching (2nd ed.). South Melbourne, Vic., Australia: Thomson

(Krause, Bochner, & Duchesne, 2006)then (Krause et al., 2006)

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He who asks a question is a fool for five minutes; he

who does not ask a question remains a fool

forever-proverb-

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