Date post: | 15-Aug-2015 |
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The basic functions performed by living organisms to maintain their life on this earth are called life processes
Life Processes includes: Nutrition Respiration Transportation Excretion Growth
What Are Life Processes
The process of taking in food and utilizing it is
called nutrition. The term ‘nutrition’ comes from the word
‘nutrient’. A nutrient is an organic or inorganic substance
required for the maintenance of life and survival of a living organism.
The food taken in by an organism contains a large number of nutrients like carbohydrates, fats, proteins
Nutrition
Autotrophic 1. Photosynthesis 2. Chemosynthesis Heterotrophic 1. Parasitic 2. Holozoic 3. Saprophytic
Mode of Nutrition
Autotrophic
The word ‘auto’ means ‘self’ and ‘trophe’ means ‘nutrition’.
Autotrophic nutrition is that mode of nutrition in which an organism makes its own food from the simple organic materials like carbon dioxide and water present in the surroundings (with the help of sunlight energy)
Those organisms which can make their own food from carbon dioxide and water are called autotrophs.
Heterotrophic
The word ‘heteros’ means ‘other’ and ‘trophe’ means nutrition, thus heterotrophic means nutrition obtained from others.
All animals have a heterotrophic mode of nutrition. Those organisms which cannot make their own
food from inorganic substance like carbon dioxide and water depend on other organism for their food are called heterotrophs.
They are of 3 types: Parasitic, Holozoic & Saprophytic
Green plant are autotrophs and synthesis their own
food by the process of photosynthesis. ‘Photo’ means light and ‘synthesis’ means build,
thus photosynthesis means ‘build up by light’. The process by which green plants make their own
food from carbon dioxide and water by using sunlight energy in the presence of chlorophyll is called photosynthesis.
Raw material required are carbon dioxide and water.
Oxygen gas is released during photosynthesis.
Nutrition in Plants
Animals obtain their food from plants and
animals thus are heterotrophs. Animals can be divided into three groups on
the basis of their food habits: Herbivores Carnivores Omnivores
Nutrition in Animals
The nutrition in human beings takes place through
human digestive system The human digestive system consists of the
alimentary canal and its associated glands. The various organs of the human digestive system
in sequence: Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, and Large Intestine.
The glands which are associated with the human digestive system and form a part of the human digestive system are: Salivary Glands, Liver, and Pancreas.
Nutrition in Humans