Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life Lesson 1 – Organisms and Their Needs Vocabulary: Interdependence: dependence among organisms o Depend on others for survival Adaptation: A structure or behavior that helps an organism live and reproduce in a particular environment Notes: 4 Basic Needs of All Organisms Water: every cell needs water to maintain its shape Air (oxygen): o animals need oxygen for chemical reactions to take place that release energy o plants need CO2 to carry out photosynthesis Food: provides organisms with the energy that they need to survive and maintain structure Right Environment: organisms must live in a place that has the conditions they need to survive 3 Factors of the Right Environment
Transcript
Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life
Lesson 1 – Organisms and Their Needs
Vocabulary: Interdependence: dependence among organisms
o Depend on others for survival
Adaptation: A structure or behavior that helps an organism live and reproduce in a particular environment
Notes:4 Basic Needs of All Organisms
Water: every cell needs water to maintain its shape Air (oxygen):
o animals need oxygen for chemical reactions to take place that release energy
o plants need CO2 to carry out photosynthesis Food: provides organisms with the energy that they need to
survive and maintain structure Right Environment: organisms must live in a place that has the
conditions they need to survive
3 Factors of the Right Environment
Temperature Shelter Space
Let’s Practice
Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life
Use the word bank to fill in the blank.
1. The dependence among organisms in order to survive is called interdependence.
2. The 4 basic needs of all organisms are water, food, air and environment.
3. Adaptation is the behavior that helps an organism live and reproduce in a particular environment.
4. The three factors of the right environment are temperature, space and shelter.
True or false.
1. The right environment for polar bears is the jungle. False2. We need our cell phone in order to survive. False3. If we do not have food, water, air and the right environment we will not
survive after a certain amount of time. True4. The three factors needed for the right environment are temperature,
space and internet. False
Lesson 2 – Staying Balanced
Water Environment Temperature
Food Interdependence Space
Air Adaptation Shelter
Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life
Vocabulary: Homeostasis: the tendency of an organism to regulate its OWN
body conditions to maintain good health o (H is for health! Homeostasis =good health)
Endothermic: organisms like humans and cats are warm-blooded and use heat produced by their own bodies to stay warm
Ectothermic: organisms like snakes and lizards use the heat from their environment
Notes:Endothermic vs Ectothermic
enDOthermic: warm-blooded organisms that DO the heating or cooling to maintain homeostasis
ecTOthermic: go TO their environment to find regulate their body temperature
How Mammals Maintain Homeostasis
When it is cold outside, we shiver, which produces heat to warm our bodies.
When it is hot outside, we sweat to maintain homeostasis
How Reptiles and Amphibians Maintain Homeostasis
Basking: to stay warm the amphibians will lay on sunny rocks that the amphibian will then receive heat from both the rock and the sun
When it is hot, they will find wet, shady and cool rocks to bring their temperature down and keep cool
Let’s PracticeUse the vocabulary to help find the correct match!
Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life
Lesson 3 – Responses
Vocabulary:
Homeostasis
Endothermic
Ectothermic
Shivering
Sweating
Basting
Organisms like humans and dogs are warm-blooded and use heat produced by their own bodies to stay warm
Organisms like snakes and lizards use the heat from their environment to maintain homeostasis
Endothermic organisms do this to stay warm when it is cold outside.
Ectothermic amphibians and reptiles lay on rocks to warm their bodies when it is cold outside.
Endothermic organisms do this to cool their bodies down when it is hot outside.
The tendency of an organism to regulate its OWN body condition to maintain good health.
Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life
Stimulus: a change in the environment that causes an organism to change its behavior
Response: the way an organism changes behavior or reacts to a change in the environment
Let’s Practice!
Stimulus ResponseA swarm of bees flying toward you
You begin to sweat
A bear runs toward you
You begin to shiver
You begin to feel thirsty
Lesson 4 - Ecosystems
Vocabulary Ecosystem: a community or group of organisms living and interacting with each other
and their environment
Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life
Biotic factors: all of the living things in the ecosystem Abiotic factors: all of the non-living things in the ecosystem Habitiat: the place an organism lives
Notes
Let’s put biotic and abiotic into perspective into our environment!
Our Home
Abiotic Factors: windows, doors, rooms (non-living factors of your environment)
Biotic Factors: you, your family, your pets (living parts of your environment)
Let’s Practice
Write A for Abiotic or B for Biotic for an elephant’s environment.
Vocabulary Population: a group of individuals of the same species that exist together at a given
place and time Population density: the number of individuals of a population in a defined area
Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life
Population size: the number of individuals in a population Carrying capacity: the maximum size of a population that a particular environment
can support Community: all of the populations living and interacting within a specific
environment Exponential growth: a growth pattern in which a population doubles at regular
intervals Ecologist: a scientist who studies how living things relate to each other and their
environments
Notes: How do you calculate population density?
Population Density= the number of individual (n)/area
Example: If an ecologist finds 50 frogs in a 25 square meter pond, what is the density of the frog population in the pond? Show work: D=n/area D=50 frogs/25m2 D=2 frogs/m2There are about 2 frog per square meter in the pond.
Let’s Practice
Circle the carrying capacity of a population on this graph.
Lesson 6- Cycles in Nature
Vocabulary Cycle: something that happens over and over in the same way Water cycle: water is cycled through the environment falling as
liquid and then evaporating as a gas.
Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life
Carbon Cycle: carbon moves back and forth between the nonliving environment and the organic molecules found in organisms.
Nitrogen cycle: the movement of nitrogen from the atmosphere to living organisms and back to the atmosphere
Carbon Cycle
Water Cycle Nitrogen Cycle
Lesson 7 Energy Vocabulary
Carnivore: an animal that eats other animals Consumer: an organism that eats other organisms Food chain: one pathway of producing and consuming food in an
ecosystem
Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life
Herbivore: an animal that eats only plants Producer: plants and other photosynthetic organisms that produce
glucose Scavenger: an animal that eats dead plants and animals Trophic level: a producing or feeding level in a food chain
Notes
The energy from all ecosystems comes from the sun.
Trophic means “feeding”
Trophic Levels
1st level: Producer (greatest amount of energy) 2nd Level: Herbivore 3rd Level: 1st level of Carnivores 4th Level: 2nd level of Carnivores 5th Level: Scavengers 6th Level: decomposers
Let’s Practice!
Label the
organisms below in the food chain as a consumer or producer (C or P). Also label as a herbivore, carnivore or scavenger (H, C or S)
Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life
True or False.
1. A herbivore eats other animals. False2. A scavenger eats dead plants and animals. True3. Trophic means trophy. False4. A carnivore is an animal that eats other animals. True
Lesson 9 and 10: Cell Division and Mitosis
Vocabulary
Food chain: single pathway of energy Food web: all of the interconnected food chains within an ecosystem
o Think of a spider web that has all different directions and lines through it all leading back to the starting point
Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life
Notes
The arrows that are shown in a food web diagram point in the direction the energy is flowing (Prey to the predator)
If the population of one species within a food web is changed, it affects ALL other parts of the food web.
Let’s Practice!
Using the diagram below answer the questions that follow.
1. Three things that eat the oak tree are:a. Caterpillarb. Deerc. Squirrel
2. The red tailed hawk eats squirrels.
Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life
3. If the songbird population in the above food web died:a. The fox population would (increase or decrease) due to lack of food.b. The caterpillar population would (increase or decrease) since the
songbirds are not eating them.
Lesson 12: Competitive Relationships
Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life
Vocabulary
Predator: an animal that eats another animal Prey: an animal that is eaten by another animal
Notes
Competition
Organisms compete for resources. Competition will begin a rivalry between individuals who want/need a
particular resource such as:1. Food2. Water3. Light4. Mates
Competition can take place within a population if there are more individuals than an area can support. (Two lions competing for the same mate)
Competition can take place between members of different populations. (Trees competing for sunlight)
Two advantages of competition:o Limits population growth so that environmental resources are not
used up.o Gets ride of sick/weaker members of a population, keeping that
population healthy and strong.
Let’s Practice!
Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life
Which animal is the prey? Which animal is the predator?
Owl= Predator
Mouse=Prey
Bear= Predator
Fish=Prey
Tigers= Predator
Deer=Prey
Lesson 13 Cooperative Relationships
Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life
Vocabulary
Commensalism: a symbiotic relationship in which one participant benefits from the relationship and the other is neither harmed nor hurt
Mututalism: a symbotic relationship in which both participants benefit from the relationship
Parasitism: a symbotic relationship in which on participant benefits from the relationship and the other is harmed
Symbosis: a relationship between organisms of two different species living in direct contact with one another
Notes
A symbiotic relationship is a close relationship between two species. There are three types of symbiotic relationships
Commensalism: one person benefits but neither are hurt or harms
Mutualism: both species benefit from the relationship Parasitism: one species benefits and the other is harmed or
hurt
Let’s Practice!
Life Science Unit 5: Interdependence of Life
Write M, P or C next to each picture for commensalism, mutualism or parasitism.
These small birds (cattle egrets) eat insects that the horses kick up in the grass. The egrets benefits while the buffalo is not affected by this relationship. Only one benefits from
this relationship. C
The butterfly is receiving a benefit from the flower in the form of food and the flower is receiving a benefit from the butterfly because it transports pollen from flower to flower. Both species are benefiting
from this relationship. M
Mistletoe lives on trees and gets its nutrients from them. Mistletoe hurts the tree by taking the nutrients from the tree that it needs to grow. The Mistletoe benefits and the tree is
