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MEDICAL TOURISM

AN ASSESSMENT ON TURKEY

Source: http://english.busan.go.kr/06residents/08_03_01.jsp

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Medical Tourism

Replacement of patients from their home countries to the different countries basically for the purpose of treatment. Medical tourism could include recreation and relaxation activities as well as treatment. Medical Tourism creates approximately US$60 billion to the world economy. India, Thailand, Taiwan, Turkey and some developing countries have done the great progress in medical tourism industry

Source: http://english.busan.go.kr/06residents/08_03_01.jsp

Why medical tourism?

Lower costBetter access to healthcareHigh quality “First World Treatment at Third World

Costs”Long waiting time (Canada & UK)Lack of healthcare coverageMedical procedures not provided (U.S - Stem Cell) or

restrained in home countryPrivacy – particularly for some cosmetic proceduresExotic locations and travel ‘mystique’

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Medical & Dental Procedures*Medical & Dental Procedures*

•Gastroenterology

•General Surgery

•Gynecology

•Infertility

•Internal Medicine

•Neurosurgery

•Oncology (selective)

•Ophthalmology

•Cardiology

•Cardiothoracic

•CyberKnife® (cancer)

•Dental

•Detox/Rehab

•ENT

•Executive Health Physicals

•Orthopedics

•Pain Management

•Pediatrics

•Plastic andReconstructive Surgery

•Urology Male/Female

•Vascular

•Weight Loss/Obesity Surgery

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* Lazzaro, V. (2009). U.S. & International Medical Tourism University of California - Irvine

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Drivers

MedicalMedicalTourismTourism

22

77

44

55

88Globalization of Healthcare

Improvements in Technology and Transportation

Increasing Healthcare

Expenditure

Qualified Human Resources

Regulations

Accredited Healthcare Organizations

66

11

Cost Differences

33

Quality Network

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Challenges

Selection of physician

Communication Issues

Legal resource and malpractice law

Critical issues Critical issues forfor medical medical

touriststouristsFollow-up difficulties and

complication risk

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Advantages and Disadvantages for MT destination

Advantages Shows the leverage effect for the economy. Contribute to the related industries. Acquisition of advanced technology and powerful

infrastructure. Improve public healthcare sector as well as private

sectors. Increase employment

Disadvantages Low physician to patients ratio for local people Domestic brain drain from public to private sector

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Accreditation

Joint Commission International conducts the accreditation process of public and private health organizations from different countries and provides international standards .

About 550 foreign hospitals accredited from 52 countries by JCI.

There are also some other accreditation organizations.

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High-Quality Healthcare Services and Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations

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CountriesNumber of Accredited

OrganizationsCountries

Number of Accredited Organizations

1 Austria 4 27 Kazakhstan 12 Bahamas 1 28 Kuwait 23 Bahrain 1 29 Lebanon 24 Bangladesh 1 30 Malaysia 85 Barbados 1 31 Mexico 96 Belgium 1 32 Nicaragua 17 Bermuda  1 33 Nigeria 18 Brazil 43 34 Oman 29 Chile 2 35 Pakistan 1

10 China 20 36 Panama 211 Colombia 2 37 Philippines 412 Costa Rica 3 38 Portugal 1213 Czech Republic 4 39 Qatar 1014 Denmark 15 40 Russian Federation 115 Ecuador 1 41 Saudi Arabia 5016 Egypt 3 42 Singapore 2117 Ethiopia 1 43 Slovenia 218 Germany 5 44 South Korea 3319 Greece 1 45 Spain 2120 India 20 46 Switzerland 121 Indonesia 5 47 Taiwan 2222 Ireland 23 48 Thailand 35

23Israel 8 49 Turkey 48

24 Italy 21 50 United Arab Emirates 5725 Japan 4 51 Viet Nam 126 Jordan 11 52 Yemen  1

Total 550

Total health expenditure as a share of GDP, 2009 (or nearest year)

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Source: OECD Health Data 2011

Health insurance coverage of OECD Countries for a core set of services, 2009

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Company LogoSource: OECD Health Data 2011

Medical Tourism Destinations

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Company LogoSource: Grail Research, 2009

Waiting time of four weeks or more for a specialist appointment

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57

4640

60

23 22

60

45

55 55

31

58

2632

5955

50 47 4639

30 2820 18 17

0

20

40

60

80

2005 2008 2010

Source: Commonwealth Fund International Health Policy Surveys

Waiting time of four months or more for elective surgery

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Company LogoSource: Commonwealth Fund International Health Policy Surveys

Medical Tourism in Turkey

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After 1990, private sector investments have boomed in healthcare industry

This transition period is supported by well-educated and well-qualified physicians and other health staff and strengthened through the accreditation of healthcare organizations.

Turkey hosts 40,000 medical tourists from all over the world in a year.

Price Statistics for Selected Countries

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US TURKEY IRELAND THAILAND GERMANY TAIWAN SINGAPORE INDIA ISRAEL ENGLAND SWITZERLAND

Heart Bypass (CABG)

129.75011.375-15.000

26.500-27.500

11.000 17.335 18.90030.000-33.000

8.666 30.000 27.770 44.596

Heart Valve Replacement

58.250 16.950 N/A 10.000 N/A 27.500 12.500 11.750 25.000 25.000 47.794

Hip Replacement 45.000 10.75019.500-21.000

11.000-14.000

11.644 7.500 10.725 7.000 17.150 15.840 19.899

Knee Replacement 40.000 11.20019.500-21.000

10.500 11.781 8.000 9.350 7.833 12.950 20.600 20.432

Spinal Fusion 62.000 7.12524.750-25.900

7.00013.500-15.000

5.900 9.000 12.000 18.000 32.400 30.915

Liposuction 9.000 3.333 1.200 4.376 4.000 3.000 2.500 N/A 4.950 7.551

Bone Marrow Transplantation

300.00040.000-70.000

250.00050.000-60.000

250.00050.000-60.000

250.000 40.000 90.000 250.000 200.000

Gamma Knife 40.000 8.67616.650-20.000

22.000-25.000

Cyber Knife 12.000 12.500 13.500

Hysterectomy (Vaginal)

20.000 7.00010.000-11.500

5.2005.500-7.00

2.7009.000-10.500

4.250 10.100

Source: http://www.healthinturkey.org/en-EN/Price.aspx

Legal Issues

Turkey supports medical tourism via governmental regulations and incentives.

The European Union accepted the “Directive on the Application of Patients’ Rights in Cross-border Healthcare” that facilitates the mobility of patient among the member countries in 2011 and it will be effective by 25 October 2013 within the member countries.

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Transportation Possibilities to the Medical Tourism Destinations of Turkey

Turkish Airlines “Best Airline in Europe and Seventh Airlines in World 10 best airlines order in 2012” Flights to more than 200 destinations Support packet for organization operated in medical

tourism (special discount and incentives for patients and their two chaperons who chose Turkey for treatment)

Many airlines companies have flights to Turkey.The abolition of visas with many countries

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Media Coverage and Supports to Medical Tourism

Turkey has attracted medical tourists from all over the world with the collaborative efforts of; Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health Ministry of Culture and Tourism Ministry of Economy Ministry of Finance Some initiatives such as Foreign Economic

Relation Board (DEIK), Accredited Hospitals Association

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OpportunitiesLarge pool of doctors, nurses & paramedics (Potential

to educate its human resources)Increasing number of accredited health organizationsHighly skilled expertsPossess English speaking skillsCollaboration with international well-known

organizations such as Johns Hopkins Medicine and Harvard Medical School

Governmental and regulatory supportGeographical superiority and transportation easinessthe abolition of visas with many countries

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Disadvantages of Medical Tourism for Turkey

It could increase the gap in healthcare service quality and in the level of development among the regions.

Brain drain from public to private sector

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Conclusion

Turkey has potential to be one of the biggest medical tourism centers of the world thanks to its accredited organizations, well-qualified and well-educated physicians, modern technologic infrastructure, geographic and climatic superiority and natural and historical beauties.

Turkey is making progress in this direction with the collaborative support of government and private sector in order to supply high-quality and lower cost medical treatment for its citizen and medical tourists.

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Source: http://english.busan.go.kr/06residents/08_03_01.jsp