Los Angeles International Airport - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

Los Angeles International Airport

IATA: LAX ICAO: KLAX FAA LID: LAX WMO: 72295

SummaryAirport type PublicOwner City of Los AngelesOperator Los Angeles World AirportsServes Greater Los Angeles AreaLocation Los Angeles, CaliforniaHub for

Alaska AirlinesAmerican AirlinesDelta Air LinesGreat Lakes AirlinesUnited AirlinesVirgin America

Focus city forAir New ZealandAllegiant AirQantasSpirit AirlinesSouthwest AirlinesVolaris

Elevation AMSL 128 ft / 39 mCoordinates 335633N 1182429WWebsite www.lawa.org

(http://www.lawa.org

Los Angeles International AirportFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Los Angeles International Airport (IATA: LAX, ICAO:KLAX, FAA LID: LAX) is the primary airport serving theGreater Los Angeles Area, the second-most populatedmetropolitan area in the United States. It is most oftenreferred to by its IATA airport code LAX, with the letterspronounced individually. LAX is located in southwesternLos Angeles along the Pacific coast in the neighborhoodof Westchester, 16 miles (26 km) from Downtown LosAngeles. It is owned and operated by Los Angeles WorldAirports, an agency of the Los Angeles city governmentformerly known as the Department of Airports.

In 2014, LAX handled 70,622,212 passengers, farexceeding a previous record of 67.3 million travelers setin 2000.[4] The airport holds the claim for "the world'sbusiest origin and destination (O & D) airport" in 2011,meaning it had the most non-connecting passengers.[5]The airport also was the third busiest in the world byaircraft movements. It is also the only airport to rankamong the top five U.S. airports for both passenger andcargo traffic.[6]

While LAX is the busiest airport in the Greater LosAngeles Area, other airports, including Bob Hope Airport,John Wayne Airport, Long Beach Airport, andLA/Ontario International Airport, also serve the region. Itis also notable for being one of few U.S. airports with fourparallel runways.

LAX serves as a hub for American Airlines, Delta AirLines, United Airlines, Alaska Airlines, Horizon Air, GreatLakes Airlines, and Virgin America. The airport alsoserves as a focus city for Southwest Airlines, AllegiantAir, Air New Zealand, Qantas, and Volaris. LAX is theonly airport to serve as a hub for all three U.S. legacyairlines (American, Delta and United). LAX is also one offour airports in North America that has scheduled airservice to all six inhabited continents. The other threeairports are Toronto-Pearson, Houston-Intercontinental(starting in December) and New York John F. KennedyAirport. Los Angeles International Airport also serves aseither a hub or focus city for more airlines than any otherairport in the United States.

Contents1 History

Coordinates: 335633N 1182429W

Los Angeles International Airport - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_International_Airport

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/welcomeLAX.aspx)

Maps

FAA airport diagram

Location within the Los Angeles metropolitan area

RunwaysDirection Length Surface

ft m6L/24R 8,926 2,721 Concrete6R/24L 10,285 3,135 Concrete7L/25R 12,091 3,685 Concrete7R/25L 11,095 3,382 Concrete

StatisticsPassengers (2014) 70,622,212Aircraft operations (2014) 666,942Economic impact (2012) $14.9 billion[1]Social impact (2012) 133.9 thousand[1]Source: Federal Aviation Administration[2] [3]

1.1 The "X" in LAX2 Aircraft spotting

2.1 Space Shuttle Endeavour3 Theme Building4 Terminals

4.1 Terminal 14.2 Terminal 24.3 Terminal 34.4 Tom Bradley International Terminal

4.4.1 Accommodating the AirbusA380

4.5 Terminal 44.6 Terminal 54.7 Terminal 64.8 Terminal 74.9 Terminal 8

5 Airlines and destinations5.1 Passenger5.2 Cargo

6 Traffic and statistics7 Top international destinations8 Top domestic destinations9 Airport lounges10 Ground transportation

10.1 Intraterminal Transportation10.2 Freeways and roads10.3 Bus

10.3.1 FlyAway Bus10.3.2 Metro Rail

10.4 Airport Metro Connector10.5 Taxis and private shuttles

11 Coast Guard Air Station Los Angeles12 Flight Path Learning Center & Museum13 Other facilities14 Incidents and accidents

14.1 1930s14.2 1940s14.3 1960s14.4 1970s14.5 1980s14.6 1990s14.7 2000s14.8 2010s

15 Planned modernization16 In popular culture17 See also18 References19 Further reading20 External links

History


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Los Angeles Municipal Airport onArmy Day, c. 1931

Hangar No. 1 was the first structure atLAX, built in 1929, restored in 1990and remaining in active use.[7]

Los Angeles International Airport withMarina Del Rey in the foreground andPalos Verdes Peninsula in thebackground

In 1928, the Los Angeles City Council selected 640 acres(1.00 sq mi; 260 ha) in the southern part of Westchester for a newairport for the city. The fields of wheat, barley and lima beans wereconverted into dirt landing strips without any terminal buildings. Itwas named Mines Field for William W. Mines, the real estate agentwho arranged the deal.[8] The first structure, Hangar No. 1, waserected in 1929 and is in the National Register of Historic Places.[9]

Mines Field opened as the airport of Los Angeles in 1930 and the citypurchased it to be a municipal airfield in 1937. The name became LosAngeles Airport in 1941 and Los Angeles International Airport in1949.[10] In the 1930s the main airline airports were Burbank Airport(then known as Union Air Terminal, and later Lockheed) in Burbankand the Grand Central Airport in Glendale. (In 1940 the airlines wereall at Burbank except for Mexicana's three departures a week fromGlendale; in late 1946 most airline flights moved to LAX, butBurbank always retained a few.)[11]

Mines Field did not extend west of Sepulveda Boulevard;[12]Sepulveda was rerouted circa 1950 to loop around the west ends ofthe extended eastwest runways (now runways 25L and 25R), whichby November 1950 were 6,000 feet (1,800 m) long.[13] A tunnel wascompleted in 1953 allowing Sepulveda Boulevard to revert to straightand pass beneath the two runways; it was the first tunnel of its kind.For the next few years the two runways were 8,500 feet (2,600 m)long.[10][14]

On July 10, 1956, Boeing's 707 prototype (the 36780) visited LAX.The Los Angeles Times said it was its first appearance at a"commercial airport" outside the Seattle area.[15]

The April 1957 Official Airline Guide showed 66 weekday departureson United Airlines, 32 American Airlines, 32 Western Airlines, 27TWA, nine Southwest, five Bonanza Air Lines and three MexicanaAirlines; also 22 flights a week on Pan American World Airways andfive a week on Scandinavian Airlines (the only direct flights fromCalifornia to Europe).

American Airlines' 707-123s flew the first jet passengers out of LAXto New York in January 1959; the first wide-body jets were TWA'sBoeing 747s to New York in early 1970.[10]

In 1958, the architecture firm Pereira & Luckman was contracted to plan the re-design of the airport for the"jet age". The plan, developed with architects Welton Becket and Paul Williams, called for a series ofterminals and parking structures in the central portion of the property, with these buildings connected at thecenter by a huge steel-and-glass dome. The plan was never realized, and the Theme Building was built on thesite intended for the dome.

In the new terminal area west of Sepulveda Blvd that started opening in 1961, each terminal had a satellitebuilding out in the middle of the tarmac, reached by underground tunnels from the ticketing area.[16] United'ssatellites 7 and 8 were first to open, followed by 3, 4 and 5; satellite 2 opened as the international terminalseveral months later and satellite 6 was to be the last to open.[17][18]


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The Theme Building decorated withlight displays for the holiday season

Since the 1920s, a neighborhood called Surfridge had been on the coastline west of the airport, part of thelarger community of Palisades del Rey along with the neighborhood to the north now known as Playa delRey. When the airlines switched to jet airliners during the 1960s and 1970s and Surfridge's residentscomplained about noise pollution, the city used its eminent domain powers to condemn and evacuateSurfridge. The government bulldozed the homes but did not bulldoze the streets, and the fenced-off "ghost"streets west of LAX are still there.

In 1981, LAX began a $700 million expansion in preparation for the 1984 Summer Olympics. The U-shapedroadway past the terminal entrances got a second level, with arriving passengers on the lower level anddeparting on the upper. Connector buildings between the ticketing areas and the satellite buildings wereadded, changing the layout to a "pier" design. Two new terminals (Terminal 1 and the Tom BradleyInternational Terminal) were built and Terminal 2, then two decades old, was rebuilt. Multi-story parkingstructures were also built in the center of the airport.[10]

On July 8, 1982, groundbreaking for the two new terminals were conducted by Mayor Tom Bradley andWorld War II aviator General James Doolittle. The $123 million 963,000-square-foot (89,500 m2)International Terminal opened on June 11, 1984, and was named for Bradley.[10]

On April 29, 1992, the airport closed for violence and cleanup after the 1992 Los Angeles Riots over theRodney King beating.

The airport closed again on January 17, 1994 after the Northridge earthquake.

In 1996, a $29 million, 277-foot-tall (84 m) air traffic control tower was built near the Theme Building.[10]

In 2000, before Los Angeles hosted the Democratic NationalConvention, fifteen glass pylons up to ten stories high were placed ina circle around the intersection of Sepulveda Boulevard and CenturyBoulevard, with more pylons of decreasing height following CenturyBoulevard eastward, evoking a sense of departure and arrival.Conceived by the designers at Selbert Perkins Design, the towers and30-foot (9.1 m) "LAX" letters are a gateway to the airport and offer awelcoming landmark for visitors.[19] Illuminated from the inside, thepylons slowly cycle through a rainbow of colors that represents themulticultural makeup of Los Angeles and can be customized tocelebrate events, holidays or a season. This was part of an overallface-lift that included new signage and various other cosmetic enhancements that was led by Ted TokioTanaka Architects. The LAX pylons underwent improvements in 2006, as stage lighting inside the cylinderswas replaced with LED lights to conserve energy, make maintenance easier and enable on-demand cyclingthrough various color effects.[20]

LAX has been a hub for TWA, Air California, Braniff International, Continental Airlines, Delta Air Lines,Pacific Southwest Airlines, US Airways, Western Airlines, and the Flying Tiger Line.

Starting in the mid-1990s, under Mayors Richard Riordan and James Hahn, modernization and expansionplans for LAX were prepared, only to be stymied by a coalition of residents who live near the airport. Theycited increased noise, pollution and traffic impacts of the project. In late 2005, newly elected Mayor AntonioVillaraigosa was able to reach a compromise, allowing some modernization to go forward while encouragingfuture growth among other facilities in the region.

It is illegal to limit the number of passengers that use an airport, but in December 2005 the city agreed tolimit the passenger gates to 163. Once passenger usage hits 75 million, a maximum of two gates a year for upto five years will be closed, intending to limit growth to 79 million passengers a year. In exchange civillawsuits were abandoned, to allow the city to complete badly needed improvements to the airport.[21]


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The airport is a hub for United Airlines, Alaska Airlines, American Airlines,[22] and a focus city forSouthwest Airlines, Allegiant Air, Air New Zealand, Qantas, Virgin America and Volaris. It also serves as aninternational gateway and hub for Delta Air Lines and houses a line maintenance facility for Delta's primarymaintenance, repair and overhaul arm, Delta TechOps.[23]

In 2008 plans were unveiled for a $4.11 billion renovation and improvement program to expand andrehabilitate the Tom Bradley International Terminal to accommodate the next generation of larger aircraft, aswell as handle the growing number of flights to and from the Southern California region, and to develop theCentral Terminal Area (CTA) of the airport to include streamlined passenger processing, publictransportation and updated central utility plants.[24] As of 2013, Los Angeles International Airport is thebiggest airport in California. The multi-year project, originally projected to be completed in 2014, is ongoingas of February 2015,[25] and is the largest public works project in Los Angeles history.[26][27]

The "X" in LAXBefore the 1930s, existing airports used a two-letter abbreviation based on the weather stations at theairports. At that time, "LA" served as the designation for Los Angeles Airport. But with the rapid growth inthe aviation industry the designations expanded to three letters c. 1947, and "LA" became "LAX." The letter"X" has no specific meaning in this identifier.[28] "LAX" is also used for the Port of Los Angeles in SanPedro and by Amtrak for Union Station in downtown Los Angeles.

Aircraft spottingThe "Imperial Hill" area (also known as Clutter's Park) in El Segundo is a prime location for aircraft spotting.Another popular spotting location sits under the final approach for runways 24 L&R on a lawn next to theWestchester In-N-Out Burger on Sepulveda Boulevard. This is one of the few remaining locations inSouthern California from which spotters may watch such a wide variety of low-flying commercial airlinersfrom directly underneath a flight path.

Space Shuttle EndeavourAt 12:51 pm on Friday, September 21, 2012, a Shuttle Carrier Aircraft carrying the Space Shuttle Endeavourlanded at LAX on runway 25L.[29] An estimate of over 10,000 people saw the shuttle land in person.Interstate 105 was backed up for miles at a standstill. Imperial Highway was shut down for spectators. Alongthe way the shuttle passed many landmarks in the Los Angeles area including the Santa Monica Pier, GettyCenter, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Griffith Observatory, Malibu coastline, the HollywoodSign, Universal Studios Hollywood, the Disneyland Resort, and Los Angeles City Hall. It was quickly takenoff the Boeing 747 and was moved to a United Airlines hangar. The shuttle spent about a month in thehangar while it was prepared for transport to the California Science Center.

On Friday, October 12, Endeavour left the hangar at 2:00 a.m. Pacific Daylight Time and moved eastwardon Manchester Boulevard on its way to the California Science Center. The shuttle transport vehicle (STV)was constructed of over 60 individual wheels and weighed over 12,000 pounds (5,400 kg). It was designed tomove the shuttle at a speed of 2 miles per hour (3.2 km/h). This was both for safety concerns for the shuttleand so people could take many photos. As the entire planned route was only 12 miles, it should have onlytaken 6 hours to complete. Instead, the shuttle arrived in one piece on the morning of Sunday, October 14,2012.

Theme BuildingThe distinctive white googie "Theme Building", designed by Pereira & Luckman architect Paul Williams and


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A terminal map of LAX.

constructed in 1961 by Robert E. McKee Construction Co., resembles a flying saucer that has landed on itsfour legs. A restaurant with a sweeping view of the airport is suspended beneath two arches that form thelegs. The Los Angeles City Council designated the building a Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument in1992. A $4 million renovation, with retro-futuristic interior and electric lighting designed by Walt DisneyImagineering, was completed before the "Encounter Restaurant" opened there in 1997.[30] Visitors are ableto take the elevator up to the roof of the "Theme Building", which closed after the September 11, 2001attacks for security reasons and reopened to the public on weekends beginning on July 10, 2010.[31]Additionally, a memorial to the victims of the 9/11 attacks is located on the grounds, as three of the fourhijacked planes were originally destined for LAX.[32]

TerminalsLAX has nine passenger terminals arranged in the shape of the letterU or a horseshoe. The terminals are served by a shuttle bus.Terminals 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 are all connected airside via anunderground tunnel between Terminals 4, 5 and 6 and above-groundwalkways between Terminals 6, 7, and 8. An additional airsideshuttle bus operates among Terminals 4, 6, and the American Eagleremote terminal. There are no physical airside connections betweenany of the other terminals.

In addition to these terminals, there are 2,000,000 square feet(190,000 m2) of cargo facilities at LAX, and a heliport operated byBravo Aviation. Qantas[33] has a maintenance facility at LAX, eventhough it is not a hub.

Inter-terminal connections between terminals 1, 2, and 3, and between them and the other terminals, requirepassengers to exit security, then walk or use a shuttle-bus to get to the other terminal, then re-clear security.Terminals 4-8, which comprise the south terminal complex, provide airside connections, which allowconnecting passengers to access other terminals without having to re-clear security. The following airsideconnections are possible:[34]

Terminals 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 have airside connection.Terminals 6, 7, and 8 are all connected airside via walking corridors at the same level as theterminal, allowing passengers a seamless connection (International arriving passengers mustclear Customs, and then security, on a lower level first).Terminals 4, 5 and 6 are connected via an airside underground walkway. At Terminal 6passengers can transfer from the above ground Terminal 6/7/8 walkway to the undergroundwalkway to access Terminals 4, 5 and 6.

Some airlines provide an airside shuttle bus connection between terminals. For example, Qantas offersa late afternoon/evening shuttle bus for passengers arriving in Terminal 4 to connect with flightsdeparting from the Tom Bradley International Terminal.[35]

Beginning in 2016, an additional airside corridor will be available from Terminal 4 to the Tom BradleyInternational Terminal. This will allow airside connections from Terminals 8, 7, 6, 5 and 4 to the TomBradley International Terminal. An additional security checkpoint will be available in this connector to allowpassengers to enter Terminal 4 after arriving on an international arrival in the Tom Bradley Terminal avoidingthe main Terminal 4 security screening area, also allowing easier connections to Terminal 5, 6, 7 and 8.[36]

Terminal 1Terminal 1 has 15 gates: Gates 13, 4A4B, and 514 (re numbered to 9, 10, 11A-11B, 12A-12B, 13-15,


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Terminal 2 with Air China, Air Canadaand Avianca Airlines.

Terminal 3 is served by ultra low-costcarrier Spirit Airlines.

16A-16B, 17A-17B, and 18A-18B, as of mid-May 2015), and houses Southwest Airlines. Terminal 1 wasbuilt in 1984. Terminal 1 is presently undergoing an extensive renovation financed by Southwest Airlines.This renovation will continue through 2018 and provide updates to security screening area, curbside dropoff,terminal areas and baggage handling.[37]

Terminal 2Terminal 2 has 11 gates: Gates 2121B, 2222B, 23, 2424B, and2528. It hosts most foreign airlines not using the Tom BradleyInternational Terminal along with a couple of domestic airlines:Aeromxico, Air Canada, Avianca, Hawaiian Airlines, Sun CountryAirlines, Virgin Atlantic, Volaris, and WestJet.

Terminal 2 was built in 1962, and was the original internationalterminal. It was completely torn down and rebuilt in stages between1984 and 1988 at a cost of $94 million.[38] The rebuilt terminal wasdesigned by Leo A Daly.[39] Terminal 2 has CBP (Customs andBorder Protection) facilities to process arriving internationalpassengers.

Former tenants of the terminal include Air China, Air New Zealand, Northwest Airlines, Pan AmericanWorld Airways, and TACA International Airlines. Air New Zealand moved to the Tom Bradley InternationalTerminal on December 3, 2014[40] and Air China moved to the Tom Bradley International Terminal on July1, 2015.[41]

Terminal 3Terminal 3 has 12 gates: Gates 30, 31A31B, 32, 33A33B, 3436,37A37B, and 38 (gate 39 was removed to make room for VirginAustralia Boeing 777 operations at gate 38). Terminal 3 opened in1961 and was Trans World Airlines' terminal. The terminal wasexpanded in 1970 to accommodate widebody operations andbetween 1980 and 1987, which included a new passenger connectorbuilding and baggage system connected to the original satellite.[42] Itformerly housed some American Airlines flights after that airlineacquired Reno Air and TWA in 1999 and 2001, respectively.Eventually, all American flights were moved to Terminal 4. As ofNovember 2014, Allegiant Air,[43] BizAir Shuttle operated byUltimate Air Shuttle,[44] Frontier Airlines,[45] JetBlue Airways, Spirit Airlines, and Virgin America useTerminal 3. US Airways moved operations to Terminal 6 on November 6, 2014.[46]

Virgin America uses Terminal 2 for arrivals from Cancun. Virgin Australia check-in is in Terminal 3 and alldepartures and arrivals are at TBIT.

Tom Bradley International TerminalNot to be confused with Bradley International Airport, which serves Hartford, Connecticut


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Tom Bradley International Terminal inthe early morning

Check-in counters in the Tom BradleyInternational Terminal

Moving walkways inside the newsouth concourse of the Tom BradleyWest terminal. The separated arrivalswalkway on the second floor leadsdirectly to U.S. Customs.

Tom Bradley International Terminal

The Tom Bradley International Terminal (TBIT) has 18 gates; nine onthe north concourse and nine on the south concourse. Each gate isequipped with a Safegate Advanced - Visual Docking GuidanceSystem. In addition, there are nine satellite gates for internationalflights located on the west side of LAX. Passengers are ferried to thewest side gates by bus. The terminal exclusively hosts most of themajor international airlines, with the exception of those housed inTerminal 2.

This terminal opened for the 1984 Summer Olympic Games and isnamed for Tom Bradley, the first African-American and longest-serving (20 years) mayor of Los Angeles, and champion of LAX. Theterminal is located at the west end of the passenger terminal areabetween Terminals 3 and 4. Tom Bradley International Terminal hosts27 airlines and handles 10 million passengers per year.

In 2010, modernization efforts resulted in additional space for inlinebaggage screening, three large alliance-aligned lounges plus oneunaffiliated lounge (to replace the multiple airline specific lounges)and cosmetic upgrades in the departures and arrivals areas.

On November 17, 2008, Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa unveiled designconcepts for LAX's Bradley West and Midfield Concourse projects.Los Angeles World Airports (LAWA), along with city officials,selected Fentress Architects in association with HNTB to develop adesign concept for the modernization of LAX. The emphasis of themodernization is to improve the passenger experience and to keepLos Angeles competitive with other global cities.

On February 22, 2010, construction began on the $1.5 billion BradleyWest project, part of the multi-year $4.11 billion LAX improvementand redevelopment projects. The project added over 1,250,000square feet (116,000 m2) of shops, restaurants, and passengerlounges, as well as new security screening, customs, immigration, andbaggage claim facilities. The terminal's existing two concourses willbe demolished and replaced with a larger pair with 18 gates, nine ofwhich will be able to accommodate the Airbus A380. The terminalopened in phases beginning on September 2012, and was completedin 2014.[47]

On September 18, 2013, the new Tom Bradley International Terminal


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at LAX officially opened. Airlines started to use the new, smarter gates that can handle larger aircraft, withmultiple gates configured for the Airbus A380. Inside, Southern California scenes and eccentric videos areplayed on seven huge multimedia screens. It is the largest immersive system in an airport and the mostadvanced multimedia environment in a North American airport. This system was created by MomentFactory.[48] Lounge-like seating for relaxation, and the 25,000-square-foot duty-free shopping area arelocated in the Great Hall. Many restaurants and high-end shops are located there, such as Chlo, Burberry,Fred Segal, and Porsche amongst others. Franchises of popular LA restaurants including Umami Burger, 800Degrees, Larder, Ink.Sack and Lucky Fish are among the restaurant selections available.[49]

Accommodating the Airbus A380On March 25, 2007, Runway 7R/25L reopened after being shifted 55 feet (17 m) south to prevent runwayincursions and prepare the runway for the Airbus A380. Additional storm drains and enhanced runwaylighting were added. Runway 25L is now 800 feet (240 m) south of the parallel runway centerline tocenterline, allowing a parallel taxiway between the runways; the taxiway was completed in 2008.

On September 18, 2006, Los Angeles World Airports started a $503 million facelift of the Tom BradleyInternational Terminal. Improvements included new paging, air conditioning and electrical systems, alongwith new elevators, escalators, baggage carousels, and a digital sign that automatically update flightinformation. With federal funding, explosives-detection technology was incorporated into the terminal'sunderground baggage system.

According to the Los Angeles Times, in February 2007, many Pacific Rim carriers began reducing flights toLAX in favor of more modern airports, such as San Francisco International Airport, due to the aging TomBradley International Terminal.[50]

On August 15, 2007, the Los Angeles City Council approved a $1.2 billion project to construct a new10-gate terminal to handle international flights using the Airbus A380.[51] Adding the first new gates builtsince the early 1980s, the new structure was to be built directly west of the Tom Bradley InternationalTerminal on a site that was occupied mostly by aircraft hangars.[51]

On March 19, 2007, the Airbus A380 made its debut at LAX, landing on runway 24L. Though LAX wasoriginally to be the first U.S. city to see the A380, Airbus later decided to forgo LAX in favor of John F.Kennedy International Airport in New York City. After city officials fought for the super-jumbo jet to land atLAX, Airbus had to get two A380s, where they A380 landed simultaneously in New York and LosAngeles.[52]

On March 31, 2008, the Los Angeles Times reported that foreign carriers were once again flocking to LAX'sTom Bradley International Terminal. The weaker dollar caused a surge in demand for U.S. travel, resulting inairlines either adding new destinations or increasing frequencies to existing routes. New airlines thatintroduced flights to LAX included Virgin Australia, Emirates Airlines, Turkish Airlines, and Iberia Airlines.Korean Air, Qantas, Air China, and Air France. The influx of new flights comes amidst the renovation of theairport and consolidates LAX's status as the premiere international gateway to the Western United States.[53]

Qantas launched service with the Airbus A380 on October 20, 2008, using the west side remote gates.Though initially deployed between LAX and Sydney, Qantas' A380 service was extended to theLAX-Melbourne route. This was followed shortly by Korean Air, which initiated nonstop A380 flights toSeoul-Incheon in October 2011. Air France has launched A380 flights between Paris-Charles de Gaulle andLos Angeles in May 2012. In addition, China Southern Airlines launched A380 service to Guangzhou inOctober 2012, representing an increase in capacity of 78% on the route. With the addition of these services,LAX boasted six daily A380 services. On October 15, British Airways' nonstop service from LondonHeathrow to LAX also became an A380 route.[54]


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Interior view of Terminal 4

Asiana Airlines launched an Airbus A380 service to LAX on Wednesday, August 20, 2014. This new A380route makes Asiana the eighth A380 operator at LAX and the eleventh airline to operate an A380.Previously, Asiana deployed regional Asian A380 routes to Osaka, Hong Kong, and Bangkok.[55]

As of 29 March 2015, LAX has more A380 services than any other North American city, with twelve dailyflights spread among nine operators: Emirates (Dubai), China Southern Airlines (Guangzhou), BritishAirways (London), Qantas (Sydney and Melbourne), Korean Air and Asiana Airlines (Seoul), Air France(Paris), Singapore Airlines (Singapore via Tokyo), and Lufthansa (Frankfurt).

Terminal 4Terminal 4 has 14 gates: Gates 4041, 42A42B, 4345 (Gate 44 isfor the bus to the American Eagle remote terminal, Gates 44A-44J),46A46B, 47A47B, 48A48B, and 49A, and houses AmericanAirlines flights. Terminal 4 was built in 1961, was expanded in 1983by adding a connector from the ticketing areas to the originalsatellite,[42] and was renovated in 2002 at a cost of $400 million inorder to improve the appearance and functionality of the facility. Therenovation was designed by Rivers & Christian.[56] An internationalarrivals facility was also added as part of the renovations.

American Eagle regional flights operate from the "American EagleTerminal", a satellite terminal which is located just east of Terminal 8.Gate 44 serves as the shuttle bus stop at Terminal 4. This terminal has 10 regional jet gates that supplementthe 14 mainline gates at Terminal 4, giving American Airlines and American Eagle more gates than any otherairline at LAX, with 24 (American Airlines Group operates from 28 gates in total, including the fourdedicated gates for US Airways at Terminal 6). The remote terminal is also connected by shuttle buses toTerminals 6 and TBIT because of Eagle's codesharing with Alaska Airlines, Qantas and US Airways.

Terminal 5Terminal 5 has 15 gates: Gates 50A50B, 51A51B, 52A52B, 53A53B, 54A54B, 55A, 5657, 58, and59, and is used as Delta Air Lines' West Coast hub. Western Airlines occupied this terminal at its opening in1962, and continued to do so until Western was merged with Delta on April 1, 1987. Terminal 5 wasredesigned by Gensler,[57] expanded to include a connector building between the original satellite and theticketing facilities and remodeled from 1986 through early 1988. It was unofficially named 'Delta's Oasis atLAX' with the slogan 'Take Five at LAX' when construction was completed in the summer of 1988.Northwest Airlines moved all operations to Terminal 5 and Terminal 6 alongside Delta on June 30, 2009, aspart of its merger with the airline. The terminal has a customs area in the arrivals floor, used for internationalflights served by Delta Air Lines.

Terminal 6Terminal 6 has 14 gates: Gates 6063, 64A64B, 65A-65B, 66, 67, 68A68B, and 69A69B. Parts of thisterminal have changed little from its opening in 1961; in 1970, new gates were expanded from the mainbuilding, as is obvious from the rotunda at the end. Four of these gates have two jetways, which canaccommodate large aircraft. An expansion of the terminal, including a connector of the original satellite tothe ticketing areas, was completed in 1987.[58]

The terminal is presently in use by Alaska Airlines, American Airlines (for US Airways operated flights),Delta and Great Lakes.

Continental Airlines originally built the Connector Building (which links the Ticketing and rotunda


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A Virgin America Airbus A319 atTerminal 6 prior to the airline's moveto Terminal 3.

buildings). Prior to October 2014, United Airlines used the connectorgates, supplementing its base at Terminal 7. Delta also leases somespace from the Airport in Terminal 6, in addition to its base atTerminal 5. Most of the rotunda gates can feed arriving passengersinto a sterile corridor that shunts them to Terminal 7's customs andimmigration facility.

In April 2011, Alaska Airlines agreed to a deal with Los AngelesWorld Airports to renovate Terminal 6 and build an Alaska AirlinesBoard Room Lounge. The airline moved its flights to Terminal 6 onMarch 20, 2012, and Spirit Airlines was relocated to Terminal 3.[59]US Airways moved operations to Terminal 6 on November 6,2014.[46]

Former tenants of the terminal include Continental Airlines until its merger with United in 2011 and EasternAir Lines, which went bankrupt in 1991. The terminal also originally housed Pacific Southwest Airlines.

Terminal 7Terminal 7 has 11 gates: Gates 70A-70B, 71A-71B, 72, 73, 74, 75A-75B, 76, and 77. This terminal openedin 1962 and was expanded to accommodate widebody aircraft in 1970.[58] The terminal was expanded in1982 with the addition of a connector building, which today compromises of gates 70A-70B and71A-71B.[58] Four of these gates have two jetways, which accommodate large aircraft. Terminal 7 is used forUnited Airlines' domestic and international operations. The interior of the terminal was renovated betweenJanuary 1998 and June 1999 at a cost of $250 million, was designed by HNTB, and was constructed byHensel Phelps Construction. Added were new gate podiums, increased size of gate areas, relocatedconcessions, expanded restrooms, new flooring, and new signage.[60] Also, the roof of the terminal wasraised, and new, brighter light fixtures were added in order to provide more overall lighting.[61] As of 2012,Terminal 7 is undergoing another facelift, with significant changes to concessions. The terminal also containsa United Club and an International First Class Lounge. The terminal has a customs area located on thearrivals floor, used by international flights served by United Airlines.

Terminal 8Terminal 8 has 9 gates: Gates 8088. This terminal was originally constructed in 1961 as Concourse 8 andwas redeveloped in 1982 and renamed Terminal 8.[58] The terminal formerly served Shuttle by United flights.While at one point, United solely operated United Express flights from Terminal 8 and operated non-Expressflights from Terminals 6 and 7, Terminal 8 is now used once again for some mainline flights.

A view of Terminal 8 and the surrounding vicinity including the air traffic control tower and the Theme Building


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A line-up of international carriers atthe Tom Bradley InternationalTerminal

An Alaska Airlines Boeing 737-900taking off from LAX. The HollywoodSign is visible in the distance

An American Airlines Boeing777-200ER at LAX

Airlines and destinationsLAX connects 87 domestic and 69 international destinations in North America, Latin America, Europe, theMiddle East, Asia, and Oceania. Its most prominent airlines are American Airlines (19.55% of passengertraffic), Delta Air Lines (17.22%), and United Airlines (16.65%). Other airlines with a presence on a lesserscale include Southwest Airlines (11.87%) and Alaska Airlines (4.63%).[62]

PassengerAmerican Airlines/American Eagle operate the most departures fromthe airport, followed by United Airlines/United Express andSouthwest Airlines. American operates the largest network of routesout of LAX serving 60 destinations, followed closely by Delta (58)and United (57). American (from December 17, 2015), Delta (fromJuly 9, 2015) and United all operate nonstop services to the mosttranspacific destinations (four). Norwegian Air Shuttle (Operated byNorwegian Long Haul) serves the most destinations in Europe(three), while Alaska Airlines/Horizon serve the most destinations inMexico (eight). This table lists passenger flights served with anonstop or direct flight with no change of aircraft carrying passengersoriginating in Los Angeles according to the airlines' publishedschedules, unless otherwise noted.


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An Air China Boeing 747-400 takingoff from LAX

An Asiana Airlines Airbus A380 landsat LAX

A China Southern Airlines AirbusA380 lands at LAX

An Air France Airbus A380 taking offfrom LAX

Airlines Destinations TerminalAeroflot Moscow-Sheremetyevo TBIT

Aeromxico Guadalajara, Mexico CitySeasonal: Cancn 2

Aeromxico Connect HermosilloSeasonal: Culiacn 2Air Berlin Seasonal: Dsseldorf TBIT


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A British Airways Airbus A380 landsat LAX

A Qantas Airbus A380 at LAX

A Singapore Airlines Airbus A380parked at LAX

A Korean Air Airbus A380 taxiing

Airlines Destinations TerminalAir Canada Montral-Trudeau, Toronto-Pearson 2Air Canada Rouge Calgary, Vancouver 2Air China Beijing-Capital TBITAir France Papeete, Paris-Charles de Gaulle TBITAir New Zealand Auckland, London-Heathrow, Rarotonga TBITAir Tahiti Nui Papeete, Paris-Charles de Gaulle TBIT

Alaska Airlines

Anchorage, Baltimore (begins September 9, 2015),[63]Guadalajara, Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, Liberia (CR) (beginsNovember 1, 2015)[64] Loreto (MX) (begins November 1,2015), Manzanillo, Mazatln, Portland (OR), Puerto Vallarta,Salt Lake City, San Jos del Cabo, San Jos de Costa Rica(begins October 31, 2015),[64] Seattle/Tacoma, Vancouver,Washington-National

6

Alaska Airlinesoperated by Horizon Air

Loreto (MX) (ends October 31, 2015), Mammoth Lakes,Medford, Monterey (begins November 5, 2015), Santa Rosa,Seattle/TacomaSeasonal: Gunnison/Crested Butte (begins December 16,2015), Sun Valley

6

Alitalia Seasonal: Rome-Fiumicino TBITAll Nippon Airways Tokyo-Haneda, Tokyo-Narita TBIT

Allegiant Air

Bellingham, Boise, Eugene, Fargo, Grand Junction, Honolulu,Idaho Falls, Medford, ProvoSeasonal: Billings, Cedar Rapids, Des Moines,Fayetteville/Bentonville, Great Falls, Kalispell, Little Rock,McAllen, Missoula, Montrose, Sioux Falls,Springfield/Branson, Tri-Cities (WA), Tulsa, Wichita

3

American Airlines

Atlanta, Austin, Belize City, Boston, Chicago-O'Hare,Columbus (OH), Dallas/Fort Worth, Guadalajara, Honolulu,Indianapolis, Kahului, Kailua-Kona, Las Vegas, Lihue,London-Heathrow, Mexico City, Miami, Nashville, NewYork-JFK, Orlando-International, St. Louis, San Francisco,San Jos del Cabo, So Paulo-Guarulhos, Shanghai-Pudong,Sydney (begins December 17, 2015),[65][66] Tampa, Tokyo-Haneda (begins October 15, 2015),[67] Tokyo-Narita, Toronto-Pearson, Washington-Dulles (resumes August 18, 2015),[68]Washington-NationalSeasonal: Eagle/Vail, Jackson Hole (begins December 17,2015)[69]

4

American Eagle

Albuquerque, Austin, Denver, Edmonton, El Paso, Eugene,Fayetteville/Bentonville, Fresno, Houston-Intercontinental,Monterey (ends September 8, 2015),[70] Oklahoma City,Phoenix, Redmond/Bend, Reno/Tahoe, Sacramento, Salt LakeCity, San Antonio, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose (CA),Santa Fe (ends September 7, 2015),[70] Tucson, VancouverSeasonal: Aspen, Montrose (begins December 17, 2015)[69]

4 (Satellite)

Asiana Airlines Seoul-Incheon TBIT

Avianca Bogot[71] 2


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An Emirates Airbus A380 at LAX

A Lufthansa Airbus A380 lands atLAX

A KLM Boeing 747-400 taxis at LAX

A Cathay Pacific Boeing 777-300ERat LAX

A Delta Air Lines Boeing 747-400taking off from LAX

Airlines Destinations TerminalAvianca Costa Rica Guatemala City, San Jos de Costa Rica 2Avianca El Salvador San Salvador 2BizAir Shuttleoperated by Ultimate Air Shuttle Carlsbad (CA)

[72] 3

British Airways London-Heathrow TBITCathay Pacific Hong Kong TBITChina Airlines Taipei-Taoyuan TBIT

China Eastern Airlines Nanjing,[73] Shanghai-Pudong TBIT

China Southern Airlines Guangzhou TBIT

Copa Airlines Panama City 61

Delta Air Lines

Atlanta, Belize City, Boston, Cancn, Cincinnati, Columbus(OH), Detroit, Guadalajara, Guatemala City, Honolulu,Indianapolis, Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, Kansas City, Kahului,Kailua-Kona, Las Vegas, Len/Del Bajo, Lihue, London-Heathrow (ends October 5, 2015),[74] Mazatln, Memphis,Miami, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Nashville, New Orleans, NewYork-JFK, Oakland (begins December 19, 2015), Orlando-International, Phoenix, Portland (OR),[75] Puerto Vallarta,Raleigh/Durham, Sacramento, Salt Lake City, San Jose (CA)(begins September 1, 2015), San Jos (Costa Rica), SanSalvador, Seattle/Tacoma, Shanghai-Pudong,[76] Sydney,Tampa, Tokyo-Haneda, Tokyo-NaritaSeasonal: Liberia (CR), Managua[77]

5, 6

Delta Connection

Austin, Boise, Dallas/Fort Worth, Kansas City, Las Vegas,Monterrey, Oakland, Phoenix, Portland (OR), Sacramento,Salt Lake City, San Antonio, San Diego, San Jose (CA),Seattle/Tacoma, Spokane, Tucson (begins December 19,2015),[78] VancouverSeasonal: Bozeman, Jackson Hole, Kalispell, Missoula

5, 6

Delta Shuttle San Francisco 5, 6El Al Tel Aviv-Ben Gurion TBITEmirates Dubai-International TBIT

Ethiopian Airlines Addis Ababa, Dublin[79] TBIT

Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi TBITEVA Air Taipei-Taoyuan TBITFiji Airways Nadi TBITFrontier Airlines Atlanta, Chicago-O'Hare, Denver 3Great Lakes Airlines Kingman, Merced, Prescott 6

Hawaiian Airlines Honolulu, KahuluiSeasonal: Kailua-Kona, Lihue[80] 2Iberia Seasonal: Madrid TBITJapan Airlines Osaka-Kansai,[81] Tokyo-Narita TBIT

JetBlue Airways Boston, Fort Lauderdale, New York-JFK 3KLM Amsterdam TBIT


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A Hawaiian Airlines Boeing767-300ER takes off from LAX,framed against the control tower

A Thai Airways Boeing 777-200ERtakes off from LAX

An Air New Zealand Boeing 777 atLAX

A United Airlines Boeing 787-8 atLAX

Airlines Destinations TerminalKorean Air So Paulo-Guarulhos, Seoul-Incheon TBITLAN Airlines Lima, Santiago de Chile TBITLAN Per Lima TBITLufthansa Frankfurt, Munich TBITNorwegian Air Shuttleoperated by Norwegian Long Haul

Copenhagen, London-Gatwick, Stockholm ArlandaSeasonal: Oslo-Gardermeon TBIT

Philippine Airlines Manila TBIT

Qantas2 Brisbane, Melbourne, Sydney TBIT

Qatar Airways Doha (begins January 1, 2016)[82] TBIT

Saudia Jeddah, Riyadh TBITSingapore Airlines Singapore, Tokyo-Narita TBIT

Southwest Airlines

Albuquerque, Atlanta, Austin, Baltimore, Chicago-Midway,Dallas-Love, Denver, El Paso, Houston-Hobby, Indianapolis,Kansas City, Las Vegas, Milwaukee, Nashville, New Orleans,Oakland, Phoenix, Portland (OR), Reno/Tahoe, Sacramento,St. Louis, Salt Lake City, San Antonio, San Francisco, SanJose (CA), TucsonSeasonal: Omaha

1

Spirit Airlines

Atlanta (begins August 20, 2015), Baltimore, Cleveland,Chicago-O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Denver, Detroit, FortLauderdale, Houston-Intercontinental, Kansas City (beginsJuly 9, 2015), Las Vegas, Oakland (begins November 12,2015)[83]Seasonal: Minneapolis/St. Paul

3

Sun Country Airlines Minneapolis/St. Paul 2Swiss International Air Lines Zrich TBITThai Airways Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Seoul-Incheon TBIT

Thomas Cook Airlines Manchester (UK) (begins May 2, 2016)[84] TBIT

Transaero Airlines Moscow-Vnukovo TBITTurkish Airlines Istanbul-Atatrk TBIT

United Airlines

Baltimore, Boston, Cancn, Chicago-O'Hare, Cleveland,Denver, Hilo, Honolulu, Houston-Intercontinental, Kahului,Kailua-Kona, Las Vegas, Lihue, London-Heathrow,Melbourne, Mexico City, New Orleans, New York-JFK (endsOctober 24, 2015),[85] Newark, Orlando-International, PuertoVallarta, San Francisco, San Jos del Cabo, Seattle/Tacoma,Shanghai-Pudong, Sydney, Tokyo-Narita, Washington-DullesSeasonal: Leon/Del Bajio, San Antonio

7, 8

United Express

Albuquerque, Austin, Boise, Colorado Springs, Dallas/FortWorth, Durango (Mexico), El Paso, Fresno, Las Vegas,Len/Del Bajo, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Monterey, OklahomaCity, Palm Springs, Phoenix, Reno/Tahoe, Sacramento, SaltLake City, San Antonio, San Diego, San Luis Obispo, SantaBarbara, Seattle/Tacoma, Tucson, VancouverSeasonal: Aspen, Bozeman, Hayden/Steamboat Springs,Jackson Hole, Montrose

7, 8


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The United Airlines "Stars and Bars"Retro Airbus A320 taxiing

A Southwest Airlines Boeing 737 withthe LA skyline in the background.

Airlines Destinations TerminalUS Airwaysoperated by American Airlines

Charlotte, Columbus (OH), Nashville,[68] Philadelphia,Phoenix, Pittsburgh, Raleigh/Durham, Tampa,[68]Washington-Dulles (ends August 17, 2015)[68]

6

Virgin America

Boston, Cancn, Chicago-O'Hare, Dallas-Love, FortLauderdale, Las Vegas, New York-JFK, Newark, Orlando-International, San Francisco, Seattle/Tacoma, Washington-Dulles

3

Virgin Atlantic Airways London-Heathrow 2

Virgin Australia Brisbane, Sydney TBIT3

Volaris Aguascalientes, Guadalajara, Len/Del Bajo, Mexico City,Morelia, Uruapan, Zacatecas 2

WestJet Calgary, Edmonton, Vancouver 2

Notes^1 Copa Airlines arrivals are located at the Tom BradleyInternational Terminal.^2 Qantas flights to/from New YorkJFK are only fornon-domestic, connecting traffic. The airline does not havelocal traffic rights to transport passengers solely from LAX toJFK.^3 Although Virgin Australia flights depart and arrive out of the Tom Bradley International Terminal,passengers check in at Terminal 3.[86]

Cargo


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Airlines DestinationsABX Air

Cincinnati, Guadalajara, Mexico City, Portland (OR), San Francisco, San Jos(Costa Rica), SeattleBoeing

AeroUnion Guadalajara, Len/El Bajo, Mexico City, Monterrey

AirBridgeCargo Airlines Chicago-O'Hare[87]

Air China Cargo Beijing-CapitalAir Transport International ToledoAloha Air Cargo HonoluluAmeriflight Phoenix, TucsonAsiana Cargo Seoul-IncheonAtlas Air Anchorage, Fairbanks, Guam, San Francisco, Tokyo-NaritaCargolux Calgary, Glasgow-Prestwick, Indianapolis, Luxembourg, Mexico City

Cathay Pacific Cargo[88] Anchorage, Hong Kong, Mexico City, San Francisco, Vancouver

Centurion Air Cargo MiamiSeasonal: Guadalajara, Mexico City[89]China Airlines Cargo[90] Anchorage, Osaka, San Francisco, Taipei-Taoyuan

China Cargo Airlines Shanghai-Pudong

China Southern Cargo Shanghai-Pudong, Vancouver, Zhengzhou [91]

Emirates SkyCargo Copenhagen, Dubai-Al Maktoum, Mexico City, ZaragozaEVA Air Cargo Anchorage, San Francisco, Taipei-Taoyuan

FedEx Express Auckland, Fort Worth/Alliance, Honolulu, Indianapolis, Memphis, Newark,Oakland, Portland (OR), San Diego, SydneyFlorida West InternationalAirways Bogot

Kalitta Air Honolulu, Seoul-IncheonKorean Air Cargo Anchorage, San Francisco, Seoul-Incheon, Miami, Tokyo-NaritaLufthansa Cargo FrankfurtMasAir Guadalajara, Mrida, Mexico City, Quito, Campinas-ViracoposNippon Cargo Airlines Tokyo-Narita, San FranciscoPolar Air Cargo Anchorage, Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Seoul-Incheon, Shanghai-Pudong

Qatar Airways Cargo[92] Luxembourg, Mexico City, Doha

Singapore AirlinesCargo[93] Anchorage, Brussels, Chicago-O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth

Southern Air Hong Kong, Leipzig/HalleUPS Airlines Dallas/Fort Worth, LouisvilleYangtze River Express Shanghai-Pudong

Traffic and statisticsLAX handles more "origin and destination" (i.e. not connecting) passengers than any other airport in theworld.[5][94]


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The LAX control tower and ThemeBuilding as seen from Terminal 4

The airport handled 28,861,477 enplanements, the total number of passengers boarding an aircraft, in 2008.This makes LAX the third busiest airport in the United States in terms of enplanements.[95]

It is the world's fifth-busiest airport by passenger traffic[96] and fifteenth-busiest by cargo traffic,[97] servingover 70.6 million passengers and 2 million tons of freight and mail in 2014. It is the busiest airport in thestate of California, and the second-busiest airport by passenger boardings in the United States, based on final2013 statistics.[98]

In terms of international passengers, as of 2012, LAX is the third busiest in the United States. (behind JFK inNew York City and MIA in Miami)[99] and, as of 2006, 26th worldwide.[100]

The number of aircraft operations (landings and takeoffs) has steadily increased to 636,706 in 2014, up from614,917 in 2013, according to the Federal Aviation Administration.[101] The Airports Council Internationalplaces LAX at third most aircraft movements in the world, as of 2013.[102]

Traffic by calendar yearPassengers Aircraftmovements

Freight(tons)

Mail(tons)

1994 51,050,275 689,888 1,516,567 186,8781995 53,909,223 732,639 1,567,248 193,7471996 57,974,559 763,866 1,696,663 194,0911997 60,142,588 781,492 1,852,487 212,4101998 61,215,712 773,569 1,787,400 264,4731999 64,279,571 779,150 1,884,526 253,6952000 67,303,182 783,433 2,002,614 246,5382001 61,606,204 738,433 1,779,065 162,6292002 56,223,843 645,424 1,869,932 92,4222003 54,982,838 622,378 1,924,883 97,1932004 60,704,568 655,097 2,022,911 92,4022005 61,489,398 650,629 2,048,817 88,3712006 61,041,066 656,842 2,022,687 80,3952007 62,438,583 680,954 2,010,820 66,7072008 59,815,646 622,506 1,723,038 73,5052009 56,520,843 544,833 1,599,782 64,0732010 59,069,409 575,835 1,852,791 74,0342011 61,862,052 603,912 1,789,204 80,4422012 63,688,121 605,480 1,867,155 88,4382013 66,667,619 614,917 1,848,764 77,2862014 70,662,212 636,706 1,921,302 79,850

Source: Los Angeles World Airports[103]

Top international destinations


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Busiest routes from LAX (Jan-Dec 2013)[104]Rank Airport Passengers Change2012/2013 Carriers

1 London (Heathrow),United Kingdom 1,339,445 4.0%Air New Zealand, American, British Airways,United, Virgin Atlantic

2 Tokyo (Narita), Japan 1,180,227 7.3% ANA, American, Delta, JAL, MalaysiaAirlines, Singapore Airlines, United3 Sydney, Australia 1,067,179 3.1% Delta, Qantas, United, Virgin Australia

4 Seoul (Incheon), SouthKorea 998,932 4.3% Asiana, Korean Air, Thai Airways

5 Taipei (Taoyuan), Taiwan 881,530 3.0% China Airlines, EVA Air

6 Mexico City, Mexico 769,068 3.0% Aeromxico, Alaska Airlines,Delta, United,Volaris7 Vancouver, Canada 753,972 1.3% Air Canada, Alaska Airlines, United, WestJet

8 Guadalajara, Mexico 740,325 8.4% Aeromxico, Alaska Airlines, Delta, United,Volaris

9 Paris (Charles de Gaulle),France 579,311 2.9% Air France, Air Tahiti Nui

10 Toronto (Pearson),Canada 560,059 3.0% Air Canada, American

Top domestic destinationsBusiest routes from LAX (April 2014 - March 2015)[105]

Rank Airport Passengers Carriers1 San Francisco, California 1,834,000 American, Delta, Southwest, United, Virgin America

2 New York-John F. Kennedy, NewYork 1,660,000 American, Delta, JetBlue, United, Virgin America

3 Chicago-O'Hare, Illinois 1,202,000 American, Frontier, Spirit, United, Virgin America4 Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas 1,145,000 American, Delta, Spirit, United, Virgin America

5 Las Vegas, Nevada 1,136,000 American, Delta, Southwest, Spirit, United, VirginAmerica6 Honolulu, Hawaii 1,097,000 Allegiant, American, Delta, Hawaiian, United7 Seattle/Tacoma, Washington 994,000 Alaska, Delta, United, Virgin America8 Denver, Colorado 925,000 American, Frontier, Spirit, Southwest, United9 Atlanta, Georgia 901,000 American, Delta, Frontier, Southwest10 Phoenix, Arizona 799,000 American, Delta, Southwest, United, US Airways

Airport loungesTerminal 1 NoneTerminal 2 Air Canada Maple Leaf Lounge, Virgin Atlantic Clubhouse, Hawaiian Airlines PremierClub[106]Terminal 3 Virgin America LOFTTerminal 4 American Airlines Admiral's Club, American Airlines Flagship LoungeTerminal 4 (Satellite) American Airlines Admiral's Club


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One of the large LAX signs that greetvisitors to Los Angeles InternationalAirport. This sign is at the CenturyBoulevard entrance to the airport.

The 405 freeway near LAX.

LAX City Bus Center.

Terminal 5 Delta Sky ClubTerminal 6 Alaska Airlines Board RoomTerminal 7 United Club (2)Terminal 8 NoneTBIT Star Alliance Lounge, SkyTeam Lounge, Oneworld Lounge, Philippine Airlines MabuhayLounge, Emirates Lounge[107]

Ground transportationIntraterminal TransportationShuttles service the terminals, providing frequent service for connecting passengers. However, connectingpassengers who use these shuttles must leave and then later reenter security. Tunnels connect terminals 5-8,and a connector between TBIT and terminal 4 is currently under construction.

Freeways and roadsLAX's terminals are immediately west of the interchange betweenCentury Boulevard and Sepulveda Boulevard (State Route 1). The405 Freeway can be reached to the east via Century Boulevard, andthe 105 Freeway can be reached to the south via SepulvedaBoulevard.

BusThe closest bus stops to the terminals are the pair of opposites onSepulveda and Century, served by Torrance 8, Metro 117, Metro 232,Commuter Express 574 and Metro 40 (owl service only).

In addition, out of a number of bus systems, many routes (local, rapidand express) of the LACMTA Metro 232 to Long Beach, Line 8 ofTorrance Transit, Line 109 of Beach Cities Transit, the Santa MonicaBig Blue Bus system's Line 3 and Rapid 3 via Lincoln Blvd to SantaMonica and the Culver CityBus's Line 6 and Rapid 6 via SepulvedaBlvd to Culver City and UCLA all make stops at the LAX TransitCenter in Parking Lot C. on 96th St., where shuttle bus "C" offersfree connections to and from every LAX terminal, and at the GreenLine Station, where shuttle bus "G" connects to and from theterminals.

FlyAway BusThe FlyAway Bus is a motorcoach shuttle service run by the LAWA,which currently travels between one of three off-airport areas: SanFernando Valley (Van Nuys), downtown Los Angeles (Union Station),and the Westside (Westwood). The Irvine FlyAway was discontinuedon August 31, 2012. The shuttle service stops at every LAX terminal. The service hours vary based on theline. All lines use the regional system of High Occupancy Vehicle lanes to expedite their trips.

Metro RailShuttle bus "G" offers a free connection to and from the Aviation/LAX station on the Los Angeles Metro


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FlyAway Bus at Los Angeles UnionStation.

Rail Green Line. The line was originally intended to connect directlyto the airport terminals, but budgetary restraints and opposition fromlocal taxi and parking lot owners impeded its progress and won.

Airport Metro ConnectorIn June 2014, the Los Angeles County Metropolitan TransportationAuthority approved a $200 million Metro Rail infill station atAviation Boulevard and 96th Street on the under constructionCrenshaw/LAX Line to connect to an automated people moversystem called the Airport Metro Connector, connecting terminals 18to the light rail system.[108] The people mover will have six stations:three serving the terminal area, one serving a ground transportationhub, one serving the light rail station, and one serving a rental car hub, decreasing the need for shuttle busservices. Construction, estimated to cost $1.5 billion, is planned to start in early 2017 and to be completed byearly 2024.[109][110] Currently, shuttle bus "G" runs every 1015 minutes (synched with the train schedule)from 5 am 1:30 am.[111]

Taxis and private shuttlesTaxicab services are operated by nine city-authorized taxi companies and regulated by Authorized TaxicabSupervision Inc. (ATS). ATS maintains a taxicab holding lot under the 96th Street Bridge where, at peakperiods, hundreds of cabs queue up to wait their turn to pull into the central terminal area to pick uppassengers. A number of private shuttle companies also offer limousine and bus services to LAX Airport.

Coast Guard Air Station Los AngelesThe airport also functions as a joint civil-military facility, providing a base for the United States Coast Guardand its Coast Guard Air Station Los Angeles facility, operating four HH-65 Dolphin helicopters, whichcovers Coast Guard operations in various Southern California locations, including Catalina Island. Missionsinclude search and rescue (SAR), law enforcement, aids to navigation support (such as operatinglighthouses) and various military operations. In addition, Coast Guard helicopters assigned to the air stationdeploy to Coast Guard cutters.

The Coast Guard is planning to close Coast Guard Air Station Los Angeles and move its aircraft andpersonnel to Naval Air Station Point Mugu, part of Naval Base Ventura County in Oxnard, California, whenthe lease on the existing facility ends in 2016.[112][113]

Flight Path Learning Center & MuseumThe Flight Path Learning Center is a museum located at 6661 Imperial Highway and was formerly known asthe "West Imperial Terminal". This building used to house some charter flights (Condor Airlines) and regularscheduled flights by MGM Grand Air. It sat empty for 10 years until it was re-opened as a learning center forLAX.

The center contains information on the history of aviation, several pictures of the airport, as well as aircraftscale models, flight attendant uniforms, and general airline memorabilia such as playing cards, china,magazines, signs, even a TWA gate information sign. The museum also offers school tours and a guestspeaker program.

The museum's library contains an extensive collection of rare items such as aircraft manufacturer companynewsletters/magazines, technical manuals for both military and civilian aircraft, industry magazines dating


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The light towers, first installed inpreparation for the DemocraticNational Convention in 2000, changecolors throughout the night.

Hotels next to LAX.

back to World War II and before, historic photographs and otherinvaluable references on aircraft operation and manufacturing.[114]

The museum has on display "The Spirit of Seventy-Six," which is aDC-3 (DC-3-262, Serial No. 3269). After being in commercial airlineservice, the plane served as a corporate aircraft for Union OilCompany for 32 years. The plane was built in the Douglas AircraftCompany plant in Santa Monica in January 1941, which was a majorproducer of both commercial and military aircraft.[115]

The museum claims to be "the only aviation museum and researchcenter situated at a major airport and the only facility with a primaryemphasis on contributions of civil aviation to the history anddevelopment of Southern California".[116] There are other museumsat major airports, however, including the Udvar-Hazy Center of theNational Air and Space Museum adjacent to Washington DullesAirport, the Royal Thai Air Force Museum at Don Muang Airport, the Suomen ilmailumuseo (FinnishAviation Museum) at Helsinki-Vantaa Airport, the Frontier of Flight Museum at Dallas Love Field, the TulsaAir and Space Museum & Planetarium at Tulsa International Airport and others.

Other facilitiesThe airport has the administrative offices of Los Angeles WorldAirports.[117]

Continental Airlines once had its corporate headquarters on theairport property. At a 1962 press conference in the office of Mayor ofLos Angeles Sam Yorty, Continental Airlines announced that itplanned to move its headquarters to Los Angeles in July 1963.[118] In1963 Continental's headquarters moved to a two-story, $2.3 millionbuilding on the grounds of the airport.[119][120] The July 2009Continental Magazine issue stated that the move "underlinedContinental's western and Pacific orientation".[121] On July 1, 1983 the airline's headquarters were relocatedto the America Tower in the Neartown area of Houston.[122]

In addition to Continental, Western Airlines and Flying Tiger Line also had their headquarters on the LAXproperty.[123][124]

Incidents and accidentsDuring its history there have been numerous incidents, but only the most notable are summarized below:[125]

1930sOn January 23, 1939, the sole prototype Douglas 7B twin-engine attack bomber, designed and built asa company project, suffered loss of vertical fin and rudder during demonstration flight over MinesField, flat spun into the parking lot of North American Aviation, burned. Another source states that thetest pilot, in an attempt to impress the Gallic passenger, attempted a snap roll at low altitude with oneengine feathered, resulting in the fatal spin.[126] Douglas test pilot Johnny Cable bailed out at 300 feet,chute unfurled but did not have time to deploy, killed on impact, flight engineer John Parks rode theairframe in and died, but 33-year-old French Air Force Capt. Paul Chemidlin, riding in aft fuselagenear top turret, survived with broken leg, severe back injuries, slight concussion. Presence of


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Chemidlin, a representative of foreign purchasing mission, caused a furor in Congress by isolationistsover neutrality and export laws. Type was developed as Douglas DB-7.[127]

1940sOn June 1, 1940, the first Douglas R3D-1 for the U.S. Navy, BuNo 1901, crashed at Mines Field,before delivery. The Navy later acquired the privately owned DC-5 prototype, from William E. Boeingas a replacement.[128]On November 20, 1940, the prototype NA-73X Mustang, NX19998,[129] first flown October 26, 1940,by test pilot Vance Breese, crashed this date.[130] According to P-51 designer Edgar Schmued, theNA-73 was lost because test pilot Paul Balfour refused, before a high-speed test run, to go through thetakeoff and flight test procedure with Schmued while the aircraft was on the ground, claiming "oneairplane was like another". After making two high speed passes over Mines Field, he forgot to put thefuel valve on "reserve" and during third pass ran out of fuel. Emergency landing in a freshly plowedfield caused wheels to dig in, aircraft flipped over, airframe was not rebuilt, the second aircraft beingused for subsequent testing.[131]On October 26, 1944, WASP pilot Gertrude Tompkins Silver of the 601st Ferrying Squadron, 5thFerrying Group, Love Field, Dallas, Texas, departed Los Angeles Airport, in North American P-51DMustang, 44-15669,[132] at 1600 hrs PWT, headed for the East Coast. She took off into the wind, intoan offshore fog bank, and was expected that night at Palm Springs. She never arrived. Due to apaperwork foul-up, a search did not get under way for several days, and while the eventual search ofland and sea was massive, it failed to find a trace of Silver or her plane. She is the only missing WASPpilot. She had married Sgt. Henry Silver one month before her disappearance.[133]

1960sOn January 13, 1969, a Scandinavian Airlines System Douglas DC-8-62, Flight 933, crashed into SantaMonica Bay, approximately 6 nautical miles (11 km) west of LAX at 7:21 pm, local time. The aircraftwas operating as flight SK-933, nearing the completion of a flight from Seattle. Of nine crewmembers,three lost their lives to drowning, while 12 of the 36 passengers also drowned.On January 18, 1969, United Airlines Flight 266 a Boeing 727-200 bearing the registration numberN7434U, crashed into Santa Monica Bay approximately 11.3 miles (18.2 km) west of LAX at 6:21 pmlocal time. The aircraft was destroyed, resulting in the loss of all 32 passengers and six crewmembersaboard.

1970sOn the evening of June 6, 1971, Hughes Airwest Flight 706, a Douglas DC-9 jetliner which haddeparted LAX on a flight to Salt Lake City, Utah, was struck nine minutes after takeoff by a U.S.Marine Corps McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II fighter jet over the San Gabriel Mountains. Themidair collision killed all 44 passengers and five crew members aboard the DC-9 airliner and one oftwo crewmen aboard the military jet.On August 6, 1974, a bomb exploded near the Pan Am ticketing area at Terminal 2; three people werekilled and 35 were injured.[134]On March 1, 1978, two tires burst in succession on a McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10 on ContinentalAirlines Flight 603 during its takeoff roll at LAX and the plane, bound for Honolulu, veered off therunway. A third tire burst and the DC-10's left landing gear collapsed, causing a fuel tank to rupture.Following the aborted takeoff, spilled fuel ignited and enveloped the center portion of the aircraft inflames. During the ensuing emergency evacuation, a husband and wife died when they exited thepassenger cabin onto the wing and dropped down directly into the flames. Two additional passengersdied of their injuries approximately three months after the accident; 74 others aboard the plane wereinjured, as were 11 firemen battling the fire.On the evening of March 10, 1979, Swift Aire Flight 235, a twin-engine Aerospatiale Nord 262A-33


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turboprop en route to Santa Maria, was forced to ditch in Santa Monica Bay after experiencing engineproblems upon takeoff from LAX. The pilot, co-pilot and a female passenger drowned when they wereunable to exit the aircraft after the ditching. The female flight attendant and the three remainingpassengerstwo men and a pregnant womansurvived and were rescued by several pleasure boatsand other watercraft in the vicinity.

1980sOn August 31, 1986, Aeromxico Flight 498, a DC-9 en route from Mexico City, Mexico to LosAngeles, began its descent into LAX when a Piper Cherokee collided with the DC-9's left horizontalstabilizer over Cerritos, California, causing the DC-9 to crash into a residential neighborhood. All 67people on the two aircraft were killed, in addition to 15 people on the ground. 5 homes were destroyedand an additional 7 were damaged by the crash and resulting fire. The Piper went down in a nearbyschoolyard and caused no further injuries on the ground. As a result of this incident, the FAA requiredall commercial aircraft to be equipped with Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS).

1990sOn February 1, 1991, USAir Flight 1493 (arriving from Columbus, Ohio), a Boeing 737-300, landingon runway 24L at LAX, collided on touchdown with a SkyWest Airlines Fairchild Metroliner, Flight5569 departing to Palmdale, California, that had been holding in position on the same runway. Thecollision killed all 12 occupants of the SkyWest plane and 22 people aboard the USAir 737.

2000sAl-Qaeda attempted to bomb LAX on New Year's Eve 1999/2000. The bomber, Algerian AhmedRessam, was captured in Port Angeles, Washington, the U.S. port of entry, with a cache of explosivesthat could have produced a blast 40x greater than that of a devastating car bomb hidden in the trunk ofthe rented car in which he had traveled from Canada.[135][136] He had planned to leave one or twosuitcases filled with explosives in an LAX passenger waiting area.[137][138] He was initially sentencedto 22 years in prison, but in February 2010 an appellate court ordered that his sentence beextended.[139]On January 31, 2000, Alaska Airlines Flight 261, a McDonnell Douglas MD-83 jetliner flying fromPuerto Vallarta, Mexico to San Francisco and Seattle, requested to make an emergency landing atLAX after experiencing control problems with its tail-mounted horizontal stabilizer. Before the planecould divert to Los Angeles, it suddenly plummeted into the Pacific Ocean approximately 2.7 miles(4.3 km) north of Anacapa Island off the California coast, killing all 88 people aboard the aircraft.[140]Three of the aircraft hijacked as part of the September 11, 2001 attacks (American Airlines Flight 11,American Airlines Flight 77, and United Airlines Flight 175) were scheduled services to LAX.In the 2002 Los Angeles International Airport shooting of July 4, 2002, Hesham Mohamed Hadayetkilled two Israelis at the ticket counter of El Al Airlines at LAX. Although the gunman was not linkedto any terrorist group, the man was upset at U.S. support for Israel, and therefore was motivated bypolitical disagreement. This led the FBI to classify this shooting as a terrorist act,[141] one of the fewon U.S. soil since the September 11 attacks.On September 21, 2005, JetBlue Airways Flight 292, an Airbus A320 discovered a problem with itslanding gear as it took off from Bob Hope Airport in Burbank, California. It flew in circles for threehours to burn off fuel, then landed safely at Los Angeles International Airport on runway 25L,balancing on its back wheels as it rolled down the center of the runway. Passengers were able to watchtheir own coverage live from the satellite broadcast on JetBlue in-flight TV seat displays of their planeas it made an emergency landing with the front landing gear visibly becoming damaged. BecauseJetBlue did not serve LAX at the time, the aircraft was evaluated and repaired at a ContinentalAirlines hangar.[142][143]On July 29, 2006, after America West Express Flight 6008, a Canadair Regional Jet operated by Mesa


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Airlines from Phoenix, Arizona, landed on runway 25L, controllers instructed the pilot to leave therunway on a taxiway known as "Mike" and stop short of runway 25R. Even though the pilot read backthe instructions correctly, he accidentally taxied onto 25R and into the path of a departing SkyWestAirlines Embraer EMB-120 operating United Express Flight 6037 to Monterey, California. Theycleared each other by 50 feet (15 m) and nobody was hurt.[144]On August 16, 2007, a runway incursion occurred between WestJet Flight 900 and Northwest AirlinesFlight 180 on runways 24R and 24L, respectively, with the aircraft coming within 37 feet (11 m) ofeach other. The planes were carrying a combined total of 296 people, none of whom were injured. TheNTSB concluded that the incursion was the result of controller error.[145] In September 2007, FAAAdministrator Marion Blakey stressed the need for LAX to increase lateral separation between its pairof north runways in order to preserve the safety and efficiency of the airport.[146]

2010sOn October 13 and 14, 2013, two incidents of dry ice bomb explosions occurred at the airport. Thefirst dry ice bomb exploded at 7:00 p.m. in an employee restroom in Terminal 2, injuring nobody.Terminal 2 was briefly shut down as a result. On the next day at 8:30 p.m., a dry ice bomb exploded onthe tarmac area near the Tom Bradley International Terminal, injuring nobody. Two other plasticbottles containing dry ice were found at the scene during the second explosion. On October 15, a28-year-old airport employee was arrested in connection with the explosions and was booked oncharges of possession of an explosive or destructive device near an aircraft. He is held on $1 millionbail.[147][148][149] On October 18, a 41-year-old airport employee was arrested in connection with thesecond explosion, and was booked on suspicion of possessing a destructive device near an aircraft.[150]Authorities believe that the incidents are not linked to terrorism.[147]In the 2013 Los Angeles International Airport shooting of November 1, 2013, at around 9:31 a.m.PDT, a lone gunman entered Terminal 3 and opened fire with a semi-automatic rifle, killing aTransportation Security Administration (TSA) officer and wounding three other people. The gunmanwas later apprehended and taken into custody. Until the situation was clarified and under control, afew terminals at the airport were evacuated, all inbound flights were diverted and all outbound flightswere grounded until the airport began returning to normal operation at around 2:30 p.m.[151][152]

Planned modernizationLAWA currently has several plans to modernize LAX. These include terminal and runway improvements,which will enhance the passenger experience, reduce overcrowding, and provide airport access to the latestclass of very large passenger aircraft.

These improvements[153] include:

New crossfield taxiwayNew large aircraft gates at TBITTBIT core improvementsNew Midfield Satellite ConcourseReplacement of Central Utility Plant

LAWA is also planning to build and operate an automated people mover. This small train will include threestations in the central terminal area and three outside east of the terminals at a new intermodal transportationfacility, connecting passengers between the central terminal area and the Metro Green Line, the future MetroCrenshaw Line, and regional and local bus lines and a consolidated car rental facility.[154]

In popular culture


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New Tom Bradley West InternationalTerminal "Bon Voyage" screen thatgreets travelers about to departthrough the expanded concourse.

Numerous films and television shows have been set or filmedpartially at LAX, at least partly due to the airport's proximity toHollywood studios. Film shoots at the Los Angeles airports, includingLAX, produced $590 million for the Los Angeles region from 2002 to2005.[155]

See alsoCalifornia World War II Army AirfieldsLos Angeles Airport PolicePeirson Mitchell Hall, instrumental in establishing the airport

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"American Airlines Group Inc (AAL) Stock Surge After Barron Bullish Report"(http://www.businessfinancenews.com/22795-american-airlines-group-inc-aal-stock-surge-after-ba

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