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Chang-Gil Kim

(changgil@krei.e.kr)

UN ESCAP Regional Symposium on Low Carbon Economy (13-14 October, 2010, Bali, Indonesia)

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ContentsI. Introduction

II. Meaning of Green Growth

III. Case of Green Growth in Korean Agriculture

IV. Tasks for Implementing Green Growth in Ag

V. Concluding Remarks

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Introduction

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Why for Green Growth? Global warming mega trend leading future society

- Climate change issue as one of the most serious global challenges(global temp 0.74 and Korea temp 1.5 over past 100 years)(global average temp 6.4 and sea level 59cm by the end of 21c)

Crisis in energy resources- Exacerbation of global imbalances drawn from economic developmentof BRICs

- Extraction period: 43 years of oil supply, 62 years of natural gas supply

The World is going green- Leading green path in advanced and many developing countries- Many countries taking initiatives to help develop eco-friendly tech

Need to adopt a new growth strategy that addresses both environmentaland economic concerns by reducing GHGs and improving energy efficiency

Introduction

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President Lee Myung-bak embraced a vision of Low-CarbonGreen Growth on August 15th, 2008

Creating synergy from harmonious workings of the environment

and the economy

New development paradigm creating jobs and new growth engines

with using green technology and clean energy

Progress of Green Growth Implementation Jan 2009: Setting up the Presidential Committee on Green Growth

July 2009: Announced the Five-Year Plan for Green Growth (2009-2013)

April 2010: Enacted the Framework Act on Low Carbon Green Growth

Koreas Initiatives of Low-Carbon Green Growth

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IIII Meaning of Green Growth

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Meaning of Green Growth

Origin and Progress of Green Growth Term- newly-coined by The Economist magazine in January 27, 2000

- Ministerial Conference on Environment and Development of UN ESCAP

in 2005- Declaration of Green Growth in OECDs ministerial council in June 2009

Definition of Green Growth (Framework Act of LCGG,Article No.2)

- growth achieved by saving and using energy and resources efficiently

to reduce climate change and damage to the environment, securing

new growth engines through research and development of greentechnology, creating new job opportunities, and achieving harmonybetween the economy and environment

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Conventional Economic Growth

EnvironmentalConservation

EconomicGrowth

Tradeoff

Green Growth

EnvironmentalConservation

Complement

EconomicGrowth

Comparison of Economic Growth and Green Growth

Prerequisite for Implementing Green Growth- Requiring for considerable economic costs and efforts

- Need for changing the life styles and consumption pattern

- Need for stakeholders understanding and cooperatives

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A

B

ED

C

Poor

Middle Income

Rich

TunnelSafe Limit

Clim

ateRisk

(PerCapita

GHG

emissi

on)

Development Level (GNP)

Green Growth Paths in Developing and Developed Countries

Source: Munasinghe(2010)

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EconomicGrowth

EnvironmentalSustainability

Changing consumption pattern,changing production andtechnology, environmentally-friendly policy

Improving eco-efficiency ofproduction and consumption

Minimizing environmentalloadwith carrying capacity

< Green Growth >Synergy effect of environmental & economy

(win-win strategy)

Approach to Reaching the Goals of Green Growth

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Promote steady growth while minimizing use of energyand resources

Industrial restructuring to cut energy use

Eco-efficiency improvement

Minimize environmental impacts (CO2 emission) Developing and promoting clean and renewable energy sources

Implementing mechanisms for CO2 mitigation

Develop new growth engines R&D investment in green technologies

Promoting green industries and encouraging export

Three Keys to Achieving Green Growth

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Agricultural growth

Green growth

Sustainable agriculture

Environmentallyfriendly

agriculture

Low carbonagriculture

More broad concept of sustainable agricultural development, definedas a environmentally sound and economically feasible developmentreflecting environmental carrying capacity in agro-ecosystem

Conceptual Scope of Green Growth in Agriculture

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IIIIII Case of Green Growth in Korean Agriculture

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Continually expansion of environmentally friendly agriculture

- Annual growth about 70% since 2000

(Area of Env-Friendly Farming Practices : 201, 688ha, 11.5% of

total agricultural land in 2009)

- Strongly government support through Five-Year Plan for Developing

Env-Friendly Agriculture

Promotion of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture

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Geothermal heat(geothermal heat pump)

Bio-energy

Utilization of Energy-Saving Technology

Light Emitting Diode (LED)

Plant Factory

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Institutional Framework for Implementing GG in Ag

Institutional system for managing green growth affairs in theMinistry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MIFAFF) Division of Future Strategy (Director) under the subsidiary of

Green Growth Policy Bureau (Director General)

Implementing Strategies for Green Growth in Agriculture,Forestry, Fisheries and Food Sectors 6 Implementation Projects

- Green Life: Comprehensive plan for fostering urban agriculture,- Green Energy: Activating energy of livestock manure and expanding biomass

town, and utilization of new renewable energy- Low Carbon Policy: Carbon labeling system, target management of GHGs- Infrastructure of Green Industry: Green R&D Investment, Env-Friend Ag Infra- Sustainable Resource Management: Ecosystem conservation- Strengthening International Cooperation: Global partnership

2 Management Projects:- Performance management and feedback system, public relations

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IIIIII Strategies for Implementing Green Growth

St t i Di ti d A h f GG

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Strategic Directions and Approach for GG

Basic Directions for Agro-Green Strategy Paradigm shift to Low-Carbon and Resource Circulation Agriculture

with 3R (Reduce, Recycle, and Reuse)

From Maximum Production to Optimum Ag Production with GreenTechnologies

Policy Mix through Integrating Agri- and Environ-Policy Programs

Consensus Creation and Stakeholders Appropriate Role

Implementation Method : Step-by-Step Approach Groundwork Establishment Stage (2010-2013)

Utilization or Takeoff Stage (2014-2019) Settlement Stage (2020-2030)

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Support and regulation system

Ecosystem

Animal Microorganism

Development and usageof biological and environmental resources

Crop AnimalUseful

microorganism

Soil, Water, Air

Optimal agricultural, environmental

and resource management

Contributing to addressing global warmingImproving living standard of people

Greenhouse gas mitigation

Preservation of agricultural ecosystem

Securing safety of agri-food

Maintaining profitability

1 Establishment of Resource Circulation Ag

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Expanding Sound Environment-Friendly Agriculture- Expansion of environment-friendly farming practices (organic

- agriculture) and districts

- Establishing Regional Circulation Agricultural Support Center (tentative)- Effective implementation of Regional-Based Maximum Nutrients

Loading System

- Promotion of environ-friendly agribusiness (bio-pesticides, organicfertilizers, natural enemy)

Promoting Organic Agriculture and Organic Food Industry

- Establishment of Special District of Organic Agriculture

- Development of High Value-Added Organic Processing Food

- Promotion of Consumption and Marketing in Organic Products

1. Establishment of Resource Circulation Ag

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2. Integration of Ag Policy and Low Carbon Policy

Integration and Coordination between Agricultural policyand Low Carbon Policy

- Reorganization of overall current agricultural policy system

- Policy mix or integration for transforming low carbon green growthsystem

- Introducing Environmental Cross Compliance program

(i.e., Direct Payment for Low Carbon Agricultural Practices)

- Integration of climate policy (mitigation and adaptation)

3 Development and Dissemination of Green Tech

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3. Development and Dissemination of Green Tech

Developing GHGs Mitigation Technology Reduction of Methane from Irrigated Rice Paddies

Improvement in Enteric Fermentation of Ruminant Livestock

Developing and Disseminating Energy Efficiency Technology Heat Recovery Ventilator Improving Technology

Heat Exchanger Improving Technology

Developing Clean Energy Technology Utilization of geothermal, solar power, wind power

Production of Bio-ethanol energy crops

Developing Convergence Technology (IT, NT, BT, ET) Plant Factory, Vertical Farm, Bio-refinery with supercritical fluid

4 Policy Programs Using Carbon Information

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4. Policy Programs Using Carbon Information

Actively Utilize Carbon Information (Carbon Market) Introduced Carbon Footprint Labeling System

Utilization of project-based carbon market (CDM)

Utilization of Emission Trading System (cap-and-trade scheme)

1st Stage : CarbonEmission Certification

2nd Stage: Low CarbonCertification System

5 Utilization of Green Finance in Ag Sector

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5. Utilization of Green Finance in Ag Sector

Supporting green industries using preferential interest rate Financial support for introducing green energy technology in

capital-intensive areas (livestock and horticulture sector) Financial assistance for agri-production facilities utilizing green

technologies(energy-saving and higher efficiency) Creating agricultural investment fund to provide loan programswith preferential rates for business distributing green agriculturaltechnologies

6. Education and Communication for GG

Substantial Investment /Support for Education and TrainingPrograms

Structured education and communication programs targeting coreleaders

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IVIV Concluding Remarks

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Viewpoint on agriculture in managing GHGs- Negligence of agricultural sector since less than 3% in GHGs Emission

- Significance of agricultural sector (US. EU, Japan)

Paradigm of Green Growth in Agriculture- From productivity-oriented quantitative approach to qualitative approach

based on ecological efficiency

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Key to Success for Green Growth Strategy in Ag-Sector

- Positive and creative thinking for designing green growth strategy inagricultural sector

- Policymakers leadership and driving force in implementing green growthstrategy

- Green governance with an appropriate role assignment for stakeholders

Future Work for Implementing Green Growth Strategy- Economic analysis of GG policy programs : estimating GHGs

abatement costs

- Evaluation and giving priorities of action programs

- Designing the roadmap for implementing strategies

Agro-Green Growth as Future Growth Engines

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Contributing Industry for GHGs Mitigation Eco-friendly Industry for Managing Territory

Life Industry for Providing Safe Food

Contributing Industry for GHGs Mitigation

Eco-friendly Industry for Managing Territory

Life Industry for Providing Safe Food

PolicyMix

CarbonSequestration

GHGsReduction

Agro-GreenTechnology

BiomassUses

Environ-Friendly

Agriculture

Adaptationof Climate

Change

Research&

Develop

Agro Green Growth as Future Growth Engines

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