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Chang-Gil Kim
UN ESCAP Regional Symposium on Low Carbon Economy (13-14 October, 2010, Bali, Indonesia)
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ContentsI. Introduction
II. Meaning of Green Growth
III. Case of Green Growth in Korean Agriculture
IV. Tasks for Implementing Green Growth in Ag
V. Concluding Remarks
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Introduction
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Why for Green Growth? Global warming mega trend leading future society
- Climate change issue as one of the most serious global challenges(global temp 0.74 and Korea temp 1.5 over past 100 years)(global average temp 6.4 and sea level 59cm by the end of 21c)
Crisis in energy resources- Exacerbation of global imbalances drawn from economic developmentof BRICs
- Extraction period: 43 years of oil supply, 62 years of natural gas supply
The World is going green- Leading green path in advanced and many developing countries- Many countries taking initiatives to help develop eco-friendly tech
Need to adopt a new growth strategy that addresses both environmentaland economic concerns by reducing GHGs and improving energy efficiency
Introduction
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President Lee Myung-bak embraced a vision of Low-CarbonGreen Growth on August 15th, 2008
Creating synergy from harmonious workings of the environment
and the economy
New development paradigm creating jobs and new growth engines
with using green technology and clean energy
Progress of Green Growth Implementation Jan 2009: Setting up the Presidential Committee on Green Growth
July 2009: Announced the Five-Year Plan for Green Growth (2009-2013)
April 2010: Enacted the Framework Act on Low Carbon Green Growth
Koreas Initiatives of Low-Carbon Green Growth
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IIII Meaning of Green Growth
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Meaning of Green Growth
Origin and Progress of Green Growth Term- newly-coined by The Economist magazine in January 27, 2000
- Ministerial Conference on Environment and Development of UN ESCAP
in 2005- Declaration of Green Growth in OECDs ministerial council in June 2009
Definition of Green Growth (Framework Act of LCGG,Article No.2)
- growth achieved by saving and using energy and resources efficiently
to reduce climate change and damage to the environment, securing
new growth engines through research and development of greentechnology, creating new job opportunities, and achieving harmonybetween the economy and environment
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Conventional Economic Growth
EnvironmentalConservation
EconomicGrowth
Tradeoff
Green Growth
EnvironmentalConservation
Complement
EconomicGrowth
Comparison of Economic Growth and Green Growth
Prerequisite for Implementing Green Growth- Requiring for considerable economic costs and efforts
- Need for changing the life styles and consumption pattern
- Need for stakeholders understanding and cooperatives
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A
B
ED
C
Poor
Middle Income
Rich
TunnelSafe Limit
Clim
ateRisk
(PerCapita
GHG
emissi
on)
Development Level (GNP)
Green Growth Paths in Developing and Developed Countries
Source: Munasinghe(2010)
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EconomicGrowth
EnvironmentalSustainability
Changing consumption pattern,changing production andtechnology, environmentally-friendly policy
Improving eco-efficiency ofproduction and consumption
Minimizing environmentalloadwith carrying capacity
< Green Growth >Synergy effect of environmental & economy
(win-win strategy)
Approach to Reaching the Goals of Green Growth
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Promote steady growth while minimizing use of energyand resources
Industrial restructuring to cut energy use
Eco-efficiency improvement
Minimize environmental impacts (CO2 emission) Developing and promoting clean and renewable energy sources
Implementing mechanisms for CO2 mitigation
Develop new growth engines R&D investment in green technologies
Promoting green industries and encouraging export
Three Keys to Achieving Green Growth
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Agricultural growth
Green growth
Sustainable agriculture
Environmentallyfriendly
agriculture
Low carbonagriculture
More broad concept of sustainable agricultural development, definedas a environmentally sound and economically feasible developmentreflecting environmental carrying capacity in agro-ecosystem
Conceptual Scope of Green Growth in Agriculture
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IIIIII Case of Green Growth in Korean Agriculture
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Continually expansion of environmentally friendly agriculture
- Annual growth about 70% since 2000
(Area of Env-Friendly Farming Practices : 201, 688ha, 11.5% of
total agricultural land in 2009)
- Strongly government support through Five-Year Plan for Developing
Env-Friendly Agriculture
Promotion of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture
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Geothermal heat(geothermal heat pump)
Bio-energy
Utilization of Energy-Saving Technology
Light Emitting Diode (LED)
Plant Factory
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Institutional Framework for Implementing GG in Ag
Institutional system for managing green growth affairs in theMinistry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MIFAFF) Division of Future Strategy (Director) under the subsidiary of
Green Growth Policy Bureau (Director General)
Implementing Strategies for Green Growth in Agriculture,Forestry, Fisheries and Food Sectors 6 Implementation Projects
- Green Life: Comprehensive plan for fostering urban agriculture,- Green Energy: Activating energy of livestock manure and expanding biomass
town, and utilization of new renewable energy- Low Carbon Policy: Carbon labeling system, target management of GHGs- Infrastructure of Green Industry: Green R&D Investment, Env-Friend Ag Infra- Sustainable Resource Management: Ecosystem conservation- Strengthening International Cooperation: Global partnership
2 Management Projects:- Performance management and feedback system, public relations
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IIIIII Strategies for Implementing Green Growth
St t i Di ti d A h f GG
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Strategic Directions and Approach for GG
Basic Directions for Agro-Green Strategy Paradigm shift to Low-Carbon and Resource Circulation Agriculture
with 3R (Reduce, Recycle, and Reuse)
From Maximum Production to Optimum Ag Production with GreenTechnologies
Policy Mix through Integrating Agri- and Environ-Policy Programs
Consensus Creation and Stakeholders Appropriate Role
Implementation Method : Step-by-Step Approach Groundwork Establishment Stage (2010-2013)
Utilization or Takeoff Stage (2014-2019) Settlement Stage (2020-2030)
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Support and regulation system
Ecosystem
Animal Microorganism
Development and usageof biological and environmental resources
Crop AnimalUseful
microorganism
Soil, Water, Air
Optimal agricultural, environmental
and resource management
Contributing to addressing global warmingImproving living standard of people
Greenhouse gas mitigation
Preservation of agricultural ecosystem
Securing safety of agri-food
Maintaining profitability
1 Establishment of Resource Circulation Ag
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Expanding Sound Environment-Friendly Agriculture- Expansion of environment-friendly farming practices (organic
- agriculture) and districts
- Establishing Regional Circulation Agricultural Support Center (tentative)- Effective implementation of Regional-Based Maximum Nutrients
Loading System
- Promotion of environ-friendly agribusiness (bio-pesticides, organicfertilizers, natural enemy)
Promoting Organic Agriculture and Organic Food Industry
- Establishment of Special District of Organic Agriculture
- Development of High Value-Added Organic Processing Food
- Promotion of Consumption and Marketing in Organic Products
1. Establishment of Resource Circulation Ag
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2. Integration of Ag Policy and Low Carbon Policy
Integration and Coordination between Agricultural policyand Low Carbon Policy
- Reorganization of overall current agricultural policy system
- Policy mix or integration for transforming low carbon green growthsystem
- Introducing Environmental Cross Compliance program
(i.e., Direct Payment for Low Carbon Agricultural Practices)
- Integration of climate policy (mitigation and adaptation)
3 Development and Dissemination of Green Tech
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3. Development and Dissemination of Green Tech
Developing GHGs Mitigation Technology Reduction of Methane from Irrigated Rice Paddies
Improvement in Enteric Fermentation of Ruminant Livestock
Developing and Disseminating Energy Efficiency Technology Heat Recovery Ventilator Improving Technology
Heat Exchanger Improving Technology
Developing Clean Energy Technology Utilization of geothermal, solar power, wind power
Production of Bio-ethanol energy crops
Developing Convergence Technology (IT, NT, BT, ET) Plant Factory, Vertical Farm, Bio-refinery with supercritical fluid
4 Policy Programs Using Carbon Information
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4. Policy Programs Using Carbon Information
Actively Utilize Carbon Information (Carbon Market) Introduced Carbon Footprint Labeling System
Utilization of project-based carbon market (CDM)
Utilization of Emission Trading System (cap-and-trade scheme)
1st Stage : CarbonEmission Certification
2nd Stage: Low CarbonCertification System
5 Utilization of Green Finance in Ag Sector
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5. Utilization of Green Finance in Ag Sector
Supporting green industries using preferential interest rate Financial support for introducing green energy technology in
capital-intensive areas (livestock and horticulture sector) Financial assistance for agri-production facilities utilizing green
technologies(energy-saving and higher efficiency) Creating agricultural investment fund to provide loan programswith preferential rates for business distributing green agriculturaltechnologies
6. Education and Communication for GG
Substantial Investment /Support for Education and TrainingPrograms
Structured education and communication programs targeting coreleaders
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IVIV Concluding Remarks
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Viewpoint on agriculture in managing GHGs- Negligence of agricultural sector since less than 3% in GHGs Emission
- Significance of agricultural sector (US. EU, Japan)
Paradigm of Green Growth in Agriculture- From productivity-oriented quantitative approach to qualitative approach
based on ecological efficiency
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Key to Success for Green Growth Strategy in Ag-Sector
- Positive and creative thinking for designing green growth strategy inagricultural sector
- Policymakers leadership and driving force in implementing green growthstrategy
- Green governance with an appropriate role assignment for stakeholders
Future Work for Implementing Green Growth Strategy- Economic analysis of GG policy programs : estimating GHGs
abatement costs
- Evaluation and giving priorities of action programs
- Designing the roadmap for implementing strategies
Agro-Green Growth as Future Growth Engines
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Contributing Industry for GHGs Mitigation Eco-friendly Industry for Managing Territory
Life Industry for Providing Safe Food
Contributing Industry for GHGs Mitigation
Eco-friendly Industry for Managing Territory
Life Industry for Providing Safe Food
PolicyMix
CarbonSequestration
GHGsReduction
Agro-GreenTechnology
BiomassUses
Environ-Friendly
Agriculture
Adaptationof Climate
Change
Research&
Develop
Agro Green Growth as Future Growth Engines
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