TOXIC ENVIRONMENTThe Clearview and Folcroft Landfills are an unhealthy

part of the urban fabric both ecologically and culturally.

POOR HABITAT QUALITYUrban development within surrounding townships and

SW Philadelphia have resulted in habitat fragmentation.

WATERSHEDPersistent flooding and pollutants are pervasive

problems due to downstream run-off, tidal action, upstream and adjacent land uses, and increasing

storm systems.

Improve the Environment

What is the human history of this area?How has the land been affected?

What is this land?Where does the water come from?

Where does the water go?What will happen in the future?

When it rains - where does the water go?What are the rains washing down the streams?

What is happening in the our environment?What is the vegetative cover?

CONNECTIVITYThe confluence of major transporation routes provides opportunities for increased linkages between Eastwick

and the surrounding community.

POOR QUALITY OF LIFEToxic chemicals, flooding and limited access to

resources plague residents of Eastwick.Improve quality of life

Who lives here?Where do they live?

What are their needs?What is missing in the community?

Why is this important?What is going on here?

What is missing?What is next door?

Where could there be healthy green spaces?How do they go from place to place?

LACK OF CULTURAL IDENTITYLayers of cultural heritage that stem from 350 years of

history need to be integrated into the design.

NEED FOR LOCAL CHAMPIONStrong leadership is needed to coordinate

and implement plans toward holistic solutions. Foster ownership of project and connection to

the community.

Who cares?What are they interested in?

How do you know that you are here?

Tackling the Issues

TOXIC ENVIRONMENTThe Clearview and Folcroft Landfills are an unhealthy

part of the urban fabric both ecologically and culturally.

POOR HABITAT QUALITYUrban development within surrounding townships and

SW Philadelphia have resulted in habitat fragmentation.

WATERSHEDPersistent flooding and pollutants are pervasive

problems due to downstream run-off, tidal action, upstream and adjacent land uses, and increasing

storm systems.

Improve the Environment

What is the human history of this area?How has the land been affected?

What is this land?Where does the water come from?

Where does the water go?What will happen in the future?

When it rains - where does the water go?What are the rains washing down the streams?

What is happening in the our environment?What is the vegetative cover?

CONNECTIVITYThe confluence of major transporation routes provides opportunities for increased linkages between Eastwick

and the surrounding community.

POOR QUALITY OF LIFEToxic chemicals, flooding and limited access to

resources plague residents of Eastwick.Improve quality of life

Who lives here?Where do they live?

What are their needs?What is missing in the community?

Why is this important?What is going on here?

What is missing?What is next door?

Where could there be healthy green spaces?How do they go from place to place?

LACK OF CULTURAL IDENTITYLayers of cultural heritage that stem from 350 years of

history need to be integrated into the design.

NEED FOR LOCAL CHAMPIONStrong leadership is needed to coordinate

and implement plans toward holistic solutions. Foster ownership of project and connection to

the community.

Who cares?What are they interested in?

How do you know that you are here?

Tackling the Issues

TOXIC ENVIRONMENTThe Clearview and Folcroft Landfills are an unhealthy

part of the urban fabric both ecologically and culturally.

POOR HABITAT QUALITYUrban development within surrounding townships and

SW Philadelphia have resulted in habitat fragmentation.

WATERSHEDPersistent flooding and pollutants are pervasive

problems due to downstream run-off, tidal action, upstream and adjacent land uses, and increasing

storm systems.

Improve the Environment

What is the human history of this area?How has the land been affected?

What is this land?Where does the water come from?

Where does the water go?What will happen in the future?

When it rains - where does the water go?What are the rains washing down the streams?

What is happening in the our environment?What is the vegetative cover?

CONNECTIVITYThe confluence of major transporation routes provides opportunities for increased linkages between Eastwick

and the surrounding community.

POOR QUALITY OF LIFEToxic chemicals, flooding and limited access to

resources plague residents of Eastwick.Improve quality of life

Who lives here?Where do they live?

What are their needs?What is missing in the community?

Why is this important?What is going on here?

What is missing?What is next door?

Where could there be healthy green spaces?How do they go from place to place?

LACK OF CULTURAL IDENTITYLayers of cultural heritage that stem from 350 years of

history need to be integrated into the design.

NEED FOR LOCAL CHAMPIONStrong leadership is needed to coordinate

and implement plans toward holistic solutions. Foster ownership of project and connection to

the community.

Who cares?What are they interested in?

How do you know that you are here?

Tackling the Issues

TOXIC ENVIRONMENTThe Clearview and Folcroft Landfills are an unhealthy

part of the urban fabric both ecologically and culturally.

POOR HABITAT QUALITYUrban development within surrounding townships and

SW Philadelphia have resulted in habitat fragmentation.

WATERSHEDPersistent flooding and pollutants are pervasive

problems due to downstream run-off, tidal action, upstream and adjacent land uses, and increasing

storm systems.

Improve the Environment

What is the human history of this area?How has the land been affected?

What is this land?Where does the water come from?

Where does the water go?What will happen in the future?

When it rains - where does the water go?What are the rains washing down the streams?

What is happening in the our environment?What is the vegetative cover?

CONNECTIVITYThe confluence of major transporation routes provides opportunities for increased linkages between Eastwick

and the surrounding community.

POOR QUALITY OF LIFEToxic chemicals, flooding and limited access to

resources plague residents of Eastwick.Improve quality of life

Who lives here?Where do they live?

What are their needs?What is missing in the community?

Why is this important?What is going on here?

What is missing?What is next door?

Where could there be healthy green spaces?How do they go from place to place?

LACK OF CULTURAL IDENTITYLayers of cultural heritage that stem from 350 years of

history need to be integrated into the design.

NEED FOR LOCAL CHAMPIONStrong leadership is needed to coordinate

and implement plans toward holistic solutions. Foster ownership of project and connection to

the community.

Who cares?What are they interested in?

How do you know that you are here?

Regional Context

Watershed

DARBY CREEK

DELAWARE RIVER

SCHUYLKILL RIVER

COBBS CREEK

STONY CREEKMUCKINIPATTIS CREEK

LITTLE CRUM CREEK

HERMESPROTA CREEK

j0 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.40.3Miles

Legend

Folcroft

Clearview

Framework Boundary

Existing streams

Hydrology

Framework Context

Historical Timeline

American Settlers1770s

Lenni Lenape Indians

precolonial

Dike Construction

in Tinicum Marsh Agricultural

Lands1700s

UndergroundSlave Tunnel

1800s

FloodingDarby Creek

Area

PresentDay

Mosquito Ditching

1930sI-95

Constructed1970s Folcroft &

Clearview Landfills

1950s onward

British Soldiersbreaking

down dikes.1770s

Trolley Line1930s

Dredge Spoils

&Ditching

[What is the human history of this area?]

Historical Streams [How has the land been affected?]

Geology

A

B

C

[What is this land?]

Stream Bed Cross-Section

Wissahickon Formation

Piedmont Province

Transition Zone

Wissahickon and Bryn Mawr Formations

Coastal Plain Province

Trenton Gravel

P and B P and B

A

A

B

C

C

[What is this land?]

B

Heavy Rain [When it rains where does the water go?]

Impervious Surfaces [When it rains where does the water go?]

Hydrology [Where does the water come from?]

100 Year Floodplain [Where does the water go?]

2100 Projected Floodplain [What will happen in the future?]

Contaminants

Found Contaminants

Alu

min

um (A

l)

Ant

imon

y (S

b)

Ars

enic

(As)

Benz

ene

Cad

miu

m (C

d)

Chr

omiu

m (C

r)

Cob

alt (

Co)

Cop

per (

Cu)

DD

T

Iron

(Fe)

Lead

(Pb)

Mer

cury

(Hg)

PAH

PCBs

Sele

nium

(Se)

Zinc

Feca

l Col

iform

Lower Darby CreekUpstream

Cobbs CreekUpstream

Clearview LandfillActive Business

Clearview Landfill

Clearview Seeps

City Park

Eastwick Neighborhood

Folcroft Landfill

Tinicum Marsh

JHNWR Impoundment

Additional Chemicals: Dieldrin, Heptachlon, Epoxide

Evaluation Not Complete

Locations

[What are the rains washing down the streams?]

Existing Vegetation

Fragmented Vegetation

High Risk Flood Zone0.2% Annual Chance of FloodingOpen WaterForestOpen Area

Fragmented Vegetation

High Risk Flood Zone0.2% Annual Chance of FloodingOpen WaterForestOpen Area

Fragmented Vegetation

High Risk Flood Zone0.2% Annual Chance of FloodingOpen WaterForestOpen Area

ClearviewFolcroft

[What is happening in our environment?]

Existing Habitat [What is the vegetative cover?]

AA’

Existing Vegetation Cross-Section

Folcroft Clearview

A

A’

Clearview

Folcroft

80 ft

2 miles

[What is the vegetative cover?]

Community

32%

68%

HouseholdsWith children Households without children

27%

73%

Children vs. AdultsAge below 18 19 and up

62%

38%

Owner vs. RenterOwner Renter

acreage 2,836 acreage 17,166

population 16,758

Framework Boundary Half Mile Buffer

population 168,194

2 miles

[Who lives here?]

10 persons/acre 6 persons/acre

Community

32%

63%

3% 1% 1%

Framework BoundaryBlack White Asian Hispanic Other

61%

35%

1% 2%1%

Half Mile BufferBlack White Asian Hispanic Other

• TherearesignificantdifferencesinthedemographicdatafortheHalfMileBufferareaandtheFrameworkareainregardsofethnicity.

7%21%

5%10%

14%

15%

16%12%

Half Mile BufferAge under 5 Age 5 - 17 18 - 21 22 - 29

30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 64 65 and up

7%20%

5%10%15%

15%

14%14%

Framework BoundaryAge under 5 Age 5 - 17 18 - 21 22 - 29

30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 64 65 and up

[Who lives here?]

Population Density [Where do they live?]

Area Landuse [What is going on in this area?]

Landuse Buffer - 1 mile buffer

Utility ROW

[What is missing here?]

Schools, Open Space and Industrial Zoning

Industrial

[What is next door?]

Industrial

Suitability: Green Network Potential [Where could there be healthy green spaces?]

Suitability: Green Network Potential [Where could there be healthy green spaces?]

Circulation [How do you go from place to place?]Eastwick Septa Stop

Stakeholders

Darby Creek Valley Association

Darby Creek Valley Association

Delaware County

US Fish & WildlifeJohn Heinz National Wildlife Refuge

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Federal Aviation Administration(FAA)

City of Philadelphia

Philadelphia Airport

Darby Township

Folcroft Township

Delaware Conservation Corp

Tinicum Township

Citizens for Cleanup of Lower Darby Creek

Darby Creek Valley Association

City of Philadelphia*

Clean Air Council

Southwest CDC(former Eastwick Project Area Committee and

Neighborhood Advisory Committee)

*not yet a player

*Not yet a player

[Who cares about this area?]

Stakeholder Matrix

StakeHolders Matrix

Wild

life

Ha

bita

t

Bird

Wa

tchi

ng

Na

tive

Rest

ora

tion

Dee

r M

ana

gmen

t

Vie

win

g A

eas

Wa

lkin

g Tr

ails

Envi

ronm

enta

l Ed

uca

tion

Gre

enw

ay

Tra

il C

onne

ctio

ns

Cre

ek C

lea

nup

Stor

mw

ate

r M

ana

gem

ent

Wa

ste

wa

ter

Hist

oric

al S

igni

fi-ca

nce

Com

mer

cia

lUr

ba

n Fa

rm

Ind

ustri

al

Gro

wth

Job

G

row

th

Prop

erty

Bu

yout

s

US Fish & Wildlife ServiceJohn Heinz National Wildlife Refuge

Philadelphia Airport

City of Philadelphia

Delaware County

DELCORAWastewater Treatment Plant

Delaware County Conservation District DCCD

Darby Township (Clearview Landfill)

Tinicum Township

Clean Air Council

Southwest CDC - Community Develop-ment Corporation

Darby Creek Valley Association DCVA

Citizens for Clean up of Lower Darby Creek

Eastwick Neighborhood

[What are they interested in?]

Sense of Place [How do you know you are here?]

TOXIC ENVIRONMENTThe Clearview and Folcroft Landfills are an unhealthy

part of the urban fabric both ecologically and culturally.

POOR HABITAT QUALITYUrban development within surrounding townships and

SW Philadelphia have resulted in habitat fragmentation.

WATERSHEDPersistent flooding and pollutants are pervasive

problems due to downstream run-off, tidal action, upstream and adjacent land uses, and increasing

storm systems.

Improve the Environment

What is the human history of this area?How has the land been affected?

What is this land?Where does the water come from?

Where does the water go?What will happen in the future?

When it rains - where does the water go?What are the rains washing down the streams?

What is happening in the our environment?What is the vegetative cover?

CONNECTIVITYThe confluence of major transporation routes provides opportunities for increased linkages between Eastwick

and the surrounding community.

POOR QUALITY OF LIFEToxic chemicals, flooding and limited access to

resources plague residents of Eastwick.Improve quality of life

Who lives here?Where do they live?

What are their needs?What is missing in the community?

Why is this important?What is going on here?

What is missing?What is next door?

Where could there be healthy green spaces?How do they go from place to place?

LACK OF CULTURAL IDENTITYLayers of cultural heritage that stem from 350 years of

history need to be integrated into the design.

NEED FOR LOCAL CHAMPIONStrong leadership is needed to coordinate

and implement plans toward holistic solutions. Foster ownership of project and connection to

the community.

Who cares?What are they interested in?

How do you know that you are here?

Framework Plan

Delaware Expy

Delaware Expy

OpportunitiesOpenspaceFloodplainVacant landBasin and wetlandGatewayAirport extensionAirport extension

ConstraintsIndustrialWetlandFloodplainAirport extension

Opportunities and Constraints

Program

Interstate 95

ExistingBike and pedestrianWetlandStream corridor

Existing Conditions

ExistingSchoolGreenway

Existing Conditions

ExistingSchoolGreenwayRoads

Existing Conditions

Interstate 95

ProposedWater trailProposed trailBasin and wetlandGatewayGreenway

Repair Connectivity

ProposedSchoolGatewayGreenwayExisting roads

Greenways and Gateways

ProposedSchoolGatewayGreenwayProposed trailWater trail

Proposed Circulation

ProposedSchoolGatewayGreenwayProposed trailWater trailCommunity centerCommunity center

Community Center

Community Center

Proposed Framework Plan

Appropriate Plant Associations

Proposed Vegetation Cross-Section

Folcroft

A

Suggested Vegetat ion*

Clearview

A’

* These plant communities are under management by the Wildlife Refuge; The study area includes the upland areas of Clearview and Folcroft landfill as well as the riverine communities surrounding and within Eastwick.

Nuphar Pontederia Marsh*Typha-Hibiscus Marsh*Typha Marsh Vegetation*Phragmites Donimated Marsh*Mixed Forb High Marsh*Wild Rice Marsh*

Salix nigra Forest*Acer rubrum Forest*Acer-Elymus Forest*Acer-Fraxinus-Ulmus ForestAcer-Ulmus-Populus Forest*Quercus-Liquidambar Forest

Salix nigra*Typha -Hibiscus Marsh*

Quercus-Liquidambar Forest

MarshMarsh Upland Riverine

Pin Oak Forest

Quercus-Liquidambar Forest

RiverineUpland

Red Bellied Turtle

Proposed Habitat

Historical Streams

Folcroft

Folcroft

Clearview

j0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.20.15Miles

Legend

Folcroft

Clearview

Framework Boundary

Existing streams

Historic Streams

Hydrology

Cleansing Plan

Character of Spaces

Landfill Cross-Section

Burr

oak

Red

map

le

Silv

er m

aple

Pin

oak

Blac

k gu

m

Hard

woo

d fo

rest

Character of Spaces

Clearview Leachate Containment

LEACHATE COLLECTION & TREATMENT SYSTEMS

LINER

PIPING SYSTEM REED BED

Time

EPA begins consideration

of Landfills for Superfund designation

2009 Open to the Public2002

PADOH & ATSDR Site a Public Health

Risk

2006 - 2009

Landfill closed

2006tion of Site

2003 - 2006

Folcroftactive Landfill

1974 - 2002

????????????????????????????

LimestoneQuarry

Clearview active Landfill

1950s - 1972

1950s - 2000

1984 1999 2001

Clearview & Folcroft on Superfund

NPL

EPA access to site for

assessment

Remedial Investigation

completed for Clearview

20102006di-

Adaptive Reuse and Vegetation

Darby Creek Area: Folcroft (70 acres) & Clearview (60 acres) : 1984 - ? - Years to Date

26 Years

Stearns Quarry: Chicago, IL 2002 - 2010 - 7 years : 75 acres

1830 - 1970s

2002 - 2003

2008 Open to the Public

2000 - 2004

Design & Planning

2000

Military Use, Racetrack,

Playing Fields

1930s - 1990s

2004 - 2008

Northala: London, UK 2000 - 2008 - 8 years: 45 acres

Superfund Sites

Superfund Site

7 Years

8 Years

Remediation of Site

Planning & Design for

Remediation & Reuse

Municipal Landfill

Designated for new use

Construction

Remedial Investigation underway for

Folcroft

Residents request help

from EPA

Adaptive Reuse &

Available for use

Record of Decision

Remediation of Site

OpportunityCrushed Stone needed for Remediation for Site

10 cu yards/ tons per truck

Clean Construction Fill

Charge $40/ton for clean construction

fill

Monies that could be generated by accepting clean fill into the site as part of

the remediation.

Clearview 92,600 cubic yards 9,260 truck loadsFolcroft 94,000 cubic yards 9,400 truck loads

Total 186,000 cubic yards 18,660 truck loads $200/truck $3.7 MillionPrecedents: Northala, London, UK; Stearns Quarry, Chicago, IL

Clearview Landfill

Folcroft Landfill

3 miles

3 milesEconomic Growth Areas

Major Transportation RoutesChester Corridor, Philadelphia Airport, Philadelphia Navy Yard, Lower Schuykill Expansion Area

3 miles

3 milesAirport Expansion & Proposed Growth

2 mile 1 1.5 0.50

2 mile 1 1.5 0.50

Possible Soil Profile

Money

Resources

Licht, Louis, Aitchison, E., and Rock, S. A. “Evapotranspirative Tree Caps: Research prototype results, full-scale case histories, and possible future designs”. Prepared for the SWANA Landfi ll Symposium, Monterey, CA. June 21-25, 2004.NatureServe. 2011. “Explorer Database”. Accessed October 24. http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServe?init=Ecol

Phildelphia International Airport. 2011. “Philadelphia Airport Master Plan”. Accessed October 9. http://www.phl.org/master_plan.html.

Partnership for the Delaware Estuary. Zoctober 2005. “Concepts in Delaware Esturary science and Mangement”. Accessed October 17. http://www.delawareestuary.org/pdf/CDESM_05-02.pdf

Philadelphia Planning Commission. March 2006. “Eastwick Bilght Recertifi cation”.

Philadelphia Water Department and Darby-Cobbs Watershed Partnership. June, 2004. “Cobbs Creek Integrated Watershed Management Plan”.

Tetra Tech NUS, Inc. March 2011. “Phase I Archeological Report”.Tetra Tech NUS, Inc. May 2010. “Remedial Investigation (RI) for Lower Darby Creek Area Site”.

Tetra Tech NUS, Inc. June 2001. “Phase I Archaeological Survey Cultural Resource Investigation”.

Tetra Tech NUS, Inc. July 2011. “ Sampling and Analysis Plan”. As part of the Removal Site Evaluation Sampling Investigation Lower Darby Creek Area Site Clearview Landfi ll Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

United States Environmental Protection Agency. 2011.“Revegetating Landfi lls and Waste Containment Areas Fact Sheet”.Accessed October 12. http://www.epa.gov/tio/download/remed/revegetating_fact_sheet.pdf.

United States Environmental Programme. 2011. “Phytoremediation: An Environmentally Sound Technology for Pollution Prevention, Control and Remediation: An Introductory Guide To Decision Makers”. Accessed October 17.http://www.unep.or.jp/ietc/publications/freshwater/fms2/1.asp

United States Fish and Wildlife Service. July 2009. “John Heinz National Wildlife Refuge at Tinicum Habitat Management Plan”. Accessed Ocober 3. http://www.fws.gov/northeast/planning/John%20Heinz/pdf/31Aug2009_Heinz_Habitat%20Management%20Plan.pdf

Resources:

_____. “What is Phytoremediation”. Accessed October 7. http://arabidopsis.info/students/dom/mainpage.html.

_____. Toxic Waters. Michael Thomas Productions. 2000._____. “Agency Scoping Meeting Identifi ed Issues Summary”. John Heinz National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan (CCP). March 31, 2010.Barber, Josh. February 23, 2011 “Lower Darby Creek Area Superfund Site Community Update”. Environmental Protection Agency.Cohen, Michelle and J. Johnson. “Phase I Conservation Plan Summary”. John Heinz National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan (CCP). May, 2004.Conservation Fund. December 2010. “Determining Mitigation Needs for NiSource Natural Gas Transmission Facilities: Implementation of the Multi Species Habitat Conservation Plan (MSHCP)

Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission, Select Greater Philadelphia and Ben Franklin Technology Partners. September 2009. “Greater Philadelphia Economic Development Framework”. Accessed October 12. http://www.dvrpc.org//reports/09008.pdf.Delaware County Planning Department. May 2010. “Greenway Plan for the Darby Creek Watershed, Delaware County, 2010”.

Delaware Riverkeeper Network. May 2006 “Restoration Management Plan for the Lower Darby Creek with recommendations for the John Heinz National Wildlife Refuge at Tinicum”.

Darby Creek Valley Association. “Executive Summary”. Darby Creek Watershed Conservation Plan. 2005.

Cahoon, Donald R., etal. “Coastal Sensitivity to Sea-Level Rise: A Focus on the Mid-Atlantic Region”. The U.S. Climate Change Science Program.

City of Philadelphia. June 2011. “Citywide Vision 2035”. Accessed October 1. http://phila2035.org/home-page/city/.

E2 Inc. 2011. March 2011 “Lower Darby Creek Area Superfund Site: Reuse Assessment”. Assessed October 11. E² Inc. March 2011. ” Reuse Assessment for the Lower Darby Creek Area Superfund Site“. as part of U.S. EPA Superfund Redevelopment Initiative.accessed http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/sites/PASFN0305521/reports/LDCA_Phase_1_Reuse_Assessment_FINAL_3-20-11O.pdf.

Field Operations. March 2006. “Fresh Kills Park: Lifescape”. Accessed October 12. www.nyc.gov/freshkillspark.