• , '

LSPE Interim Stowage Thermal Constraints·

Nl,;.

ATM1080

PAGE 1 OF 13

DATE 15 December l97l

This ATM provides an answer to Action Iten: 521, "BxA agreed that if explosive packages are exposed to the sun for 5 hours prio:t:' to each EVA, the 40°F timer requirement will be met. BxA to revise applicable ATM with analysis to prove the 5-hour requirement is suitable." In addition interim stowage constraints required for thermal integrity are defined.

Prepared by:. :Z4·:..=..-~31!::..--.::..· ~-:·::....-c.Je-::#:::;..·~-/~,. __

Dan ToeLe

Approved by:~~~~~·~~~~-----~----·-----­G. Psaros

NO. REV. MO.

LSPE Interim Stowage Thermal Constraints

ATM 1080

PAGE OF

DUE 12/15/71

1. 0 INTRODUCTION

The LSPE High Explosive Package safe-arm and thermal battery timers require operating temperatures at or above +40°F for reliable starting when the astronaut removes the timer pull pins for lunar deployment. Prior to the removal of those pins the LSPE transport frame assembly could be exposed to environments during LM and LRV stowage which necessitates crew activity constrcints to assure adequate warming- of the timers prior to their activati:m.

The Grumman document LIS 360-22314 and amendme :1ts to it indicate the LM 1 ight pallet remaining in Quad III throughout lunar stay might be at -5°F at the time of its removal for stow­age on LRV. Th.:s cold case temperature remains constant throughout the entire lunar stay. (See figure I). The LRV cold case EVA time line defined in reference 2 indicates the LSPE transport frames stowed on the LRV pallet could be exposed to 45 minutes of shade immediately prior to lunar deployment of the high explosive package. Thermal analysis of the LRV mission defined in reference 2 by NASA places the L5PE timers at +l5°F worst case after 45 minutes of shade exposure (Figure 2).

During the meeting on 17 November 1971 of the LSPE thermal and NASA Crew :._>rocedures Division representatives it was agreed that 5 hours of sun exposure prior to either LRV mission would be adequate for thermal requirements on LSPE timers. This guideline would apply to either stowage of the transport frame atop the LR V pallet or to location of the LM pallet and

t frame on the sunlit lunar sur1ace.

Th::.s menlo pref•ents the technical support requested by NASA which is a basis for the agree1nent mentioned.

SUMMARY

Definite crew activit·y constraints are required to assu·:re th:1.t LSF'E hig'i:t explosive baseplate assernblies and attached tin:te~'t· ~.:rc abov·~

their +40 ".:F minimun1 operating tern.pe rature at the tirne of Lheix· activiat:ion C.uring EVA-2 and EVA-3. Present wors~ cz,~,e rnissiorl environmrmts cou1d place the LSPE high explosive br..sepla.tes at +15"'F if constrF-ints are not met.

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LSPE Transport Frame A~sembly Stowed Atop L"~V Tool ,p~l!Gt dt~ring ~V_:1-2 Trave:r se. Includes 45 minute LRV Shade Requirement.

ATM 1080 page 4 9f 13

-- 4- Transport Frame

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Mimmum Operating Temper ture ---

Timeline ,.._,Hours

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-20 LM Quad III Temperature

Figure 2

'' NO. REV. NO.

LSPE Interim Stowage Thermal Constraints

l-\TM 1080

5 ',",' ,,. O.pace

t tams Division

PAGE OF

DATE 12/15/71

An agreement between Bx.A and NASA Crew Procedures Div. that the LSPE Transport Frame Assemblies would be stowed in the sun either on the LM Pallet or LRV Pallet 5 hours prior to any deploy­ment activity is adequate to assure LSPE thermal integrity. Should the LM Pallet be placed in the sun 5 hours prior to the LRV mission the LSPE will dr0p to +45 oF during subsequent LRV fhade exposure. If the LSPE Transport Frames are stowed on the LRV Tool Pallet 5 hours prior to 6.e mission the LSPE will again drop to +45 oF during shade expc,sure.

Additional placement constraints placed on interim stowage include:

1) Placement of LM Pallet in the sun facing the sun.

2) Placement at least 10 feet from LM footpad.

3) Misalign:1.ent of pallet with incident sun less ;;han ::1:45 ° to the pallet normal.

4) Placemer t if on LRV Tool Pallet must be in the sun.

3. 0 LM RIGHT HAND PALLET STOWAGE

3. 1 LM Pallet Analysis

Analysis has been completed which determines constraints to be imposed on the placement of the LM pallet and at:ached LSP Transport Assemblies prior to their stowage on LRV. The analysis in( ludes the following studies:

1) The effects cf the sunlit side of LM on the temperatures of a dust degraded LM Pallet and Transport Frame Assembly.

2) The effects of Transport Frames stowed with the LM Pallet back surface facing the sun.

3) Parameter studies of Transport Assemblies and the LM Pallet exposi-:!d to the sun incident at various angles. These studies include the effects of a Transport Frame view to a sunlit and a Jhaded lunar surface.

'13

'' NO. REV. NO.

LSPE Interim Stowage Thermal Constaraints

ATM 1080

6 13 PAGE OF

DATE 12/15/71

4) LM Pallet and LSPE Assembly temperatures after 5 hours of sun expo sur e.

3. 2 Proximity of Lunar Stowed Pallet to LM

The temperature.; of the LSPE Transport Frame Ass~mbly in close proximity to the Lunar Module would be affec{:ed by either the sunlit , >r the shaded surface of the LM. Effects of the shaded surface are considered in the next sections.

In consideration of the sunlit area of the LM surface~ the assumption was made that this area was covered with alumi­nized Kapton. If the LM Pallet is stowed on the lunar surface on the sunlit side of LM, the LSPE will be facing the sun and the back surface of the LM Pallet will view the LM. Figure 3 depicts these effects on the high explosive baseplate ·;emperatures of a lOOo/o dust dt..graded assembly placed at various distances from the LM footpad.

A pallet placed v- ithin I 0 feet of the LM footpad will result in baseplate temperatures in excess of the LSPE maximum non-operating temperature limits.

3. 3 Effects of Incident Sun Misalignment on the LM Pallet

Stowing the LM Pallet on the sunlit side of the LM w·ll result in higher LSPE .:quilibrium temperatures than locating it on the shade side since the LSPE Transport Frame Assemblies would get a direr-:t lunar view of the shaded surface. Further­more as the LM Pallet misalignment with incident sun increases some of the LSPE high explosive packages become shaded by adjacent packages. These factors are included in the results of a misalignment study of LM Pallet lunar stowage presented in Figure 4.

Figure 4 depicts the high explosive baseplate temperatures 5 hours subsequent to stowage of the LM Pallet on tl e lunar surface. The tr--!nperature at the time of stowage was -5°F. As indicated Pallets facing a shaded lunar surface rr:ust be limited to ± 45 degrees _nisalignment and those facing a sunlit surface are limited to ± 30 degrees.

190 Increase in Baseplate Temperature Resulting from Back of Pallet Exposed to LM Sunlit Side - Dust Degraded Pallet

Maximum LSP Stowage Temperature ~

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Effects of LM Pallet and LSPE Transport Frame Misalignment After 5 Hours of Sun Exposure During EVA-1. Initial Stowage Temperature - 5°F.

l /8# Package with Direct Sun Exposure

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6# Package Shaded by Adjacent Packat es

Transport Frame Facing Sunlit Lunar Surface

0 Transport Frane Facing Shaded LunarS.1rface

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ATM 1080 Page 8 of 13

90

Angle of Sun with Normal to Transport Frame - D ~grees

Figure 4

ATM 1080 I L~PE Interim Stowage T1 ermal Constraints

PAGE 9 Of

DATE 12/15/71

The governing criterion for this constraint is attaining a base­plate temperaturP. which will assure survival of the LSPE during subsequent LRV ~hade requirements.

Figure 5 is a time-temperature profile of the 6# high explosive package for both .:he 45 degree misalignment with shaded lunar surface and the 80 degree misaligmnent with a sunlit lunar surface. Both 6# packages are shaded by adjacent packages.

After 5 hours of sun exposure the temperatures of the baseplates for the 45 and 80 degree misaligned package will be 80°F. This is adequate as an initial LRV stowage temperature to assure a +45°F baseplate .. emperature after shac;le exposure on LRV (See Figure 6).

4. 0 LRV PALLET S~'OWAGE

Stowage of the LSPE Transport Frame Assembly wilJ be atop the LRV tool Pallet. The analysis described in this memo includes stowage at an initial temperature of -5°F with 5 hours of sun exposure prior to exposure of the LRV to 45 n1inutes of shade.

Two environment: conditions are considered, a hot and cold case. The cold case ccnsiders stowage 5 hours prior to EVA-2. Sun is incident on the side of the LRV and the end of the LSPE Trans­port Frame Ass...:mbly. The hot case considers stowage 5 hours prior to EVA- 3. Sun is incident on the front of the LR V and the side of the LSPE Transport Frame Assembly. The hot case assumes a package exposed to sunlight on both its top and side. The cold case assumes sun only on its top.

Figure 6 indicates a time-temperature profile of a 1 /8# high explosive packa·~e.

The high explos: ve baseplate during the EV A-2 cold case warms from -5°F to 78°F in 5 hours, then drops to 45°F after 45 minutes of shade exposu':'e. An equilibrium temperature of 99. 5°F is attained by mission end. During the EVA-3 hot case the base­plate attains 148 ° F during the initial 5 hours of exposure, then drops to 94"F as a result of 45 minutes of shade exposure. An equilibrium temperature of 161° F is attained by miflsion end.

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ATM 10~Q ' Page 11 df 13

Minimum and Maximum LSPE Mission Profiles Aboa::-c, the LRV Tool Pallet. Mission Profile Assumes 5 Hours of Sun Exposure Prior to the Shade Expbsure. ' ltequirement 1of,45 Mi:nU:te$~

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Fig ue 6

14

LSPE Interim Stowage Thermal Constraints

ATM 1080

i 12 PAGE

ft.O .,. ""·

OF 13

DATE 12/15/71

The 5 hour initial sun exposure is adequate to assur1~ LSPE base­plates and timers remain above +40° F during 45 minutes of LR V mission shade exposure. The EVA-3 hot mission temperature 16l°F is below the 180°F maximum operating temperature specification limit.

5. 0 INTERIM STOWAGE CONSTRAINTS

5. 1 LM Pallet Stowage Between EVA's

1) A minimurr. of 5 hours sun exposure is required prior to any deployment activity.

2) Pallet must not be placed in the LM shadow.

3) The back of the pallet must not face the sun.

4) The Pallet must be at least 10 feet from the LM footpad.

5) Misalignment of the incident sun with a normal ~·o the pallet front must 1-:>e limited to ± 45 ° •. :

5. 2 LRV Stowage Between EVA's

I) A minimum of 5 hours sun exposure is required prior to any deployment activity.

2) Transport frames must be stowed in the sun.

3) The preferred orientation of transport frames i; with sunlight on the side