Intelligent Computing SystemIntelligent Computing Systemfor Reservoir Analysisfor Reservoir Analysisand Risk Assessmentand Risk Assessment
of Red River Formationof Red River FormationAmor Field, Bowman County, NDAmor Field, Bowman County, ND
DE-FC22-00BC15123DE-FC22-00BC15123
Luff Exploration CompanyLuff Exploration Company
Mark Sippel, Consulting EngineerMark Sippel, Consulting Engineer
Statement of ProblemsStatement of Problems
• Integrating Seismic, Geologic and Engineering Data• Transforming Seismic Attributes to Reservoir
Attributes in Seismic Thin Beds• Predicting Reservoir Limits on Small Structural
Features with Limited Well Control• Identifying Tilted Oil-Water Contacts
Location of Amor Field Demonstration SiteLocation of Amor Field Demonstration Site
Intelligent Computing SystemTool Kit
• ICS is a Collection of Software Tools and Utilities• Designed for Primary Use with 3D Seismic But Can
Be Used in Areas of High-Density 2D Seismic Grids (1/2 mile spacing)
• It May Be Used without Seismic in Fields with Large Number of Wells (>30) for Reservoir Characterization
• Luff is Using the ICS Tool Kit for Predicting Reservoir Limits and Reservoir Attributes in 6-ft Dolomite Beds in the Red River Fm.
• Transformed Seismic-Reservoir Attributes are Used in Simulation Studies and Parameters for Waterflood Unitization
Intelligent Computing System MenuIntelligent Computing System Menu
ICS Strategy for Reservoir CharacterizationICS Strategy for Reservoir CharacterizationLevel 1Level 1
ForwardSeismicModeling
RegionalDepositional
Setting
RegionalStructural
Setting
GeologicalData
EngineeringData
Seismic Data
WellGeologic-Reservoir
Data
TransformedSeismic-Reservoir
Attributes
WellProduction
Data
TransformedSeismic-Production
Attributes
Level 2Level 2 Level 3Level 3 Level 4Level 4
ICS TransformationICS Transformationto Production Attributesto Production Attributes
DepositionalAttributes
StructuralAttributes
Growth-ThinningAttributes
Rock-QualityAttributes
EntrapmentAttributes
Well ProductionTraining
TransformedProductionAttributes
TransformedTransformedSeismic AttributesSeismic Attributes
Type Log forRed River Formation
0 100 200
Gam ma
-800
-700
-600
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
0
100
Rel
ativ
e D
epth
(fe
et)
-100102030
Porosity %
Stony Mountain Shale
Winnipeg Shale
Winnipeg Sandstone
A Zone Porosity Member
B Zone Porosity Member
C Zone Porosity Member
D Zone Porosity Member
Upper Red River
Lower Red River
Red River Formation
Paleozoic Ordovician
The Upper Red RiverConsists of Four Episodesin Shallow Shelf CarbonateSetting
Main Reservoirs are:Red River B ZoneRed River D Zone
Amor Field mostly B Zone6 - 8 ft Thick
Red River B Zone Type LogRed River B Zone Type Log
TopRed River
B Zone
Gamma Ray Neutron-Density Porosity
0 100 30% 0%
ForwardSeismic Modeling
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
Normal ReversePolarityTimeSeconds
P1P2
T1
T2
Duperow
Interlake
Red RiverBaseD zoneWinnipeg
MissionCanyon
Upper Red RiverReservoirs Are“Seismic Thin Beds”
Reservoir InformationContained in TwoPeak-Trough Pairs
Each EventConsistently Labeledin Every Seismic Survey
Understanding Seismic Attributesfrom Synthetic Seismograms
0.0
1.0
Tim
e -
Se
con
ds
Interlake
Red River
Winnipeg
P1
T1
P2
Low Porosity High Porosity
T2
Weak AmplitudeResponse
Strong AmplitudeReponse
Training for Seismic Transforms Comes fromTraining for Seismic Transforms Comes fromMultiple 3D Seismic SurveysMultiple 3D Seismic Surveys
10
15161718
19 20 21 22
272829
3
30
31 32 33 34
456
7 8 9
1
10 11 12
131415161718
19
2
20 21 22 23 24
2526272829
3
30
31 32 33 34 35 36
456
7 8 9
1
10 11 12
131415161718
19
2
20 21 22 23 24
2526272829
3
30
31 32 33 34 35 36
456
7 8 9
1
12
13
2
24
25
36
161718
19 20 21 22
27282930
31 32 33 34
456
7 8 9
1
10 11 12
131415161718
19
2
20 21 22 23 24
2526272829
3
30
31 32 33 34 35 36
456
7 8 9
1
10 11 12
131415161718
19
2
20 21 22 23 24
2526272829
3
30
31 32 33 34 35 36
456
7 8 9
1
11 12
1314
2
23 24
2526
36
31 32 33
31 32 33 34 35 36
31 32 33 34 35 36
35 36
1
10 11 12
141516
234
9
1
10 11 12
23456
7 8 9
1
10 11 12
23456
7 8 9
21 22 23 24
25262728
33 34 35 36
19 20 21 22 23 24
252627282930
31 32 33 34 35 36
19 20 21 22 23 24
252627282930
31 32 33 34 35 36
129N 101W129N 102W
129N 103W
130N 101W130N 102W130N 103W
23N 4E23N 5E
23N 6E
1200000 1210000 1220000 1230000 1240000 1250000 1260000 1270000 1280000 129000090000
100000
110000
120000
130000
140000
150000
160000
170000
180000
Amor FieldAmor Field
Amor Field, Red River Depth MapAmor Field, Red River Depth Map
56
7 8
1
12
2930
3132
25
36
1206000 1208000 1210000 1212000 1214000 1216000 1218000 1220000140000
142000
144000
146000
148000
150000
152000
154000
156000
158000
-6390
-6370
-6350
-6330
-6310
-6290
-6270
-6250
-6230
-6210
-6190
-6170
FeetFeet
Seismic Data TransformedSeismic Data Transformedto Depth Structureto Depth Structure
Does Not AdquatelyDoes Not AdquatelyDefine Reservoir LimitsDefine Reservoir Limits
Average TVDis 9300 feet
56
7 8
1
12
2930
3132
25
36
1206000 1208000 1210000 1212000 1214000 1216000 1218000 1220000140000
142000
144000
146000
148000
150000
152000
154000
156000
158000
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
Average Oil CutFirst 24 Months
Seismic AttributesSeismic AttributesTransformedTransformed
to Oil Cutto Oil Cut
The Oil-Cut Mapis Tilted withRespect toPresent-DayStructure
56
7 8
1
12
2930
3132
25
36
1206000 1208000 1210000 1212000 1214000 1216000 1218000 1220000140000
142000
144000
146000
148000
150000
152000
154000
156000
158000
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0 100 bopd
50 bopd
20 bopd
10 bopd
Average Oil RateFirst 24 Months
Seismic AttributesSeismic AttributesTransformed toTransformed to
Oil RateOil Rate
Predicted D Zone kh/uB (md-ft/cp)Predicted D Zone kh/uB (md-ft/cp)
56
7 8
1
12
2930
3132
25
36
1206000 1208000 1210000 1212000 1214000 1216000 1218000 1220000140000
142000
144000
146000
148000
150000
152000
154000
156000
158000
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
Log of kh/uBLog of kh/uBDrill-Stem TestsDrill-Stem Tests
Seismic AttributeSeismic AttributeTransform kh/uBTransform kh/uBUseful forUseful forReservoir SimulationReservoir Simulation
Predicted D Zone Porosity-Feet (phi-h)Predicted D Zone Porosity-Feet (phi-h)
56
7 8
1
12
2930
3132
25
36
1206000 1208000 1210000 1212000 1214000 1216000 1218000 1220000140000
142000
144000
146000
148000
150000
152000
154000
156000
158000
-0.50.00.51.01.52.02.53.03.54.04.55.05.56.06.57.0
Seismic AttributeSeismic AttributeTransform phi-hTransform phi-hUseful forUseful forReservoir SimulationReservoir Simulation
Porosity- feetPorosity- feet
B Zone Reservoir Attributes fromB Zone Reservoir Attributes fromDepositional Setting (280 Wells)Depositional Setting (280 Wells)
8 0 8 2 8 4 8 6 8 8 9 0 9 2R e d R i v e r - A + B C y c l e T h i c k n e s s ( f e e t )
0 . 0 0
0 . 2 0
0 . 4 0
0 . 6 0
0 . 8 0
1 . 0 0
1 . 2 0
1 . 4 0
1 . 6 0
1 . 8 0
2 . 0 0B
Zon
e G
ross
phi
-h
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
B z
one
DS
T k
h/uB
(m
d-ft/
cp)
B Zone P ropertiesphi-hkh/uB
Predicting B Zone Deposition SettingPredicting B Zone Deposition Setting
4 2 4 4 4 6 4 8 5 0 5 2 5 4 5 6B C y c l e T h i c k n e s s f r o m S e i s m i c A t t r i b u t e s ( f e e t )
4 2
4 4
4 6
4 8
5 0
5 2
5 4
5 6B
Cyc
le T
hick
ness
Log
s (f
eet)
Seismic Transform toSeismic Transform toB Zone Depositional Setting ThicknessB Zone Depositional Setting Thickness
PredictedA + BCycle
Thickness(feet)
Entrapment PressureEntrapment PressureAmor Field, Red River B ZoneAmor Field, Red River B Zone
Pressure(psi)
Amor Field, Red River B Zone Oil CutAmor Field, Red River B Zone Oil Cut
PredictedOil Cut
at InitialConditions
PlannedInjection Well A
ProductionLaterals
Initial Production fromInitial Production fromHorizontal Demonstation Well AHorizontal Demonstation Well A
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Tim e (days)
0
40
80
120
160
200
Cu
mul
ativ
e O
il R
ate
(bop
d)
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
Cum
ulat
ive
Wat
er C
ut (
frac
tion)
LegendO il R ateW ater C ut
Composite Production fromComposite Production from3 Horizontal Completions3 Horizontal Completions
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Tim e (days)
0
100
200
300
400
500
50
150
250
350
450
Oil
Rat
e (b
opd)
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
Wat
er C
ut (
frac
tion)
LegendO il R ateW ater C ut
Composite Production with ProjectionsAmor South Red River Unit
Amor South - Red River Unit
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
Jan-
79
Jan-
80
Jan-
81
Jan-
82
Jan-
83
Jan-
84
Jan-
85
Jan-
86
Jan-
87
Jan-
88
Jan-
89
Jan-
90
Jan-
91
Jan-
92
Jan-
93
Jan-
94
Jan-
95
Jan-
96
Jan-
97
Jan-
98
Jan-
99
Jan-
00
Jan-
01
Jan-
02
Jan-
03
Jan-
04
Jan-
05
Jan-
06
Jan-
07
Jan-
08
Jan-
09
Jan-
10
Jan-
11
Jan-
12
Jan-
13
Jan-
14
Jan-
15
Jan-
16
Jan-
17
Jan-
18
Jan-
19
Jan-
20
Historical Prod.(5 w ells) PDP Proj. (5 w ells) Alt WF Proj. - 90% Alt. WF Proj. - 100%
Oil
Rat
e B
arr
els
per
Mo
nth
ICS Example with 2D SeismicICS Example with 2D Seismic
161718
19 20 21
282930
311186000 1188000 1190000 1192000 1194000 1196000 1198000 1200000 1202000 1204000
76000
78000
80000
82000
84000
86000
88000
90000
92000
94000
0.19
0.14
0.63
0.32 0.75
0.160.60
0.71
0.49
0.32
0.19
0.32
0.100.150.200.250.300.350.400.450.500.550.600.650.700.750.80
Average Oil CutFirst 24 Months
ConclusionsConclusions• Intelligent Computing System Successfully Used to
Characterize Seismic Thin Beds in Red River Fm.• Training from Normalized Seismic Data at Multiple 3D
Surveys Increases Control Population• Seismic and Regional Well Data Analyzed with ICS• Reservoir and Productive Limits Predicted with ICS• Horizontal Completions Targeted from ICS
Interpretations• Incremental Primary plus Secondary for Amor Field is
Projected at 1,100,000 bbl• Five Similar Projects Are Planned for 2003 and 2004
Conclusions cont.Conclusions cont.• Keys to Successful Re-development
– 3D Seismic– Reservoir Characterization Based on ICS– Understanding Depositional Setting and
Relationship with Reservoir Development– Better Computer Simulation Models from Seismic-
Resevoir Attribute Transformations– Targeted Horizontal Drilling
• Luff is Re-Developing All Operated Fields that Were Discovered in the 1970’s and 1980’s
• Many Plugged or Uneconmic Producers Re-entered and Drilled Horizontally, Resulting in 200-250 bopd
Horizontal Re-Entry Example 1Horizontal Re-Entry Example 1
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240D ays
0
50
100
150
200
250
Cu
mul
ativ
e O
il R
ate
(bop
d)
0
0 .2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Cum
ulat
ive
Wat
er-C
ut
LegendO il R ateW ater C ut
Horizontal Re-Entry Example 2Horizontal Re-Entry Example 2
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240D ays
0
50
100
150
200
250
Cu
mul
ativ
e O
il R
ate
(bop
d)
0
0 .2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Cum
ulat
ive
Wat
er-C
ut
LegendO il R ateW ater C ut
Horizontal Re-Entry Example 3Horizontal Re-Entry Example 3
0 10 20 30 40 50 60D ays
0
50
100
150
200
250
Cum
ulat
ive
Oil
Rat
e (b
opd)
0
0 .2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Cum
ulat
ive
Wat
er-C
ut
LegendO il R ateW ater C ut
Horizontal Re-Entry Example 4Horizontal Re-Entry Example 4
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360D ays
0
50
100
150
200
250
Cum
ulat
ive
Oil
Rat
e (b
opd)
0
0 .2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Cum
ulat
ive
Wat
er-C
ut
LegendO il R ateW ater C ut
Horizontal Re-Entry Example 5Horizontal Re-Entry Example 5
0 5 10 15 20 25 30D ays
0
50
100
150
200
250
Cum
ulat
ive
Oil
Rat
e (b
opd)
0 .0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Cum
ulat
ive
Wat
er-C
ut
LegendO il R ateW ater C ut
Software AvailabilitySoftware Availability
• Visit the Project Website at http://www.luffdoeproject.com
• Download ICS Files and Project Reports• Alternatively, Request a CD-ROM by Mail