Magento 2 Development for PHP Developers

20162016

@JoshuaSWarren #phpworld

Magento 2 Development for PHP Developers


Is Your Environment Ready?


MageScotch

• How many of you downloaded it in advance?

• Anyone need help?

• If you haven’t installed it, follow the instructions at bit.ly/2eYkhon

http://bit.ly/2eYkhon

http://bit.ly/2eYkhon


About Me


About Me• PHP-Based Ecommerce Developer Since 1999

• Magento Developer Since 2008; Magento 2 Developer Since 2014

• Magento Master

• Founder & CEO of Creatuity Corp, Magento Enterprise Solution Partner


About This Tutorial


Assumptions

• You’re a PHP developer

• You have little-to-no experience with Magento 1 or 2

• You have a laptop and a desire to learn about Magento 2


Goals

• Knowledge of the basics of M2 development

• A clear path to learn more

• An invitation to the Magento development community


Style

• Light-hearted & open - have fun + don’t hesitate to be blunt

• Interactive - do not hold questions to the end

• Customized - want more code? More theory? Just ask!


About You


About You

• Any Magento 1 experience?

• Any Magento 2 experience?

• PHP 7 experience?


About You

• Experience with other frameworks?

• Composer?

• Namespaces?


About You

• Dependency injection?

• Service layers?



About You

• Looking for detailed code examples?

• Want to get your hands dirty with some code today?

• Interested more in theory?


Useful Tools & Sites


Useful Sites for a New M2 Dev

• Magento DevDocs - devdocs.magento.com

• Magento Stack Exchange - magento.stackexchange.com

• github.com/Creatuity/LearningMagento2

• Alan Storm’s Sites - alanstorm.com + magento-quickies.alanstorm.com

http://devdocs.magento.com

http://magento.stackexchange.com

https://github.com/creatuity/learningmagento2

http://alanstorm.com

http://magento-quickies.alanstorm.com

http://magento-quickies.alanstorm.com


Social Media for a New M2 Dev

• Twitter - hashtag #realmagento

• Magento’s Developer Evangelist - @benmarks

• Alan Storm - @alanstorm

• And many, many others…


Useful Tools for a New M2 Dev

• IDE: PHPStorm

• Magicento or JetBrains Magento 2 Plugin

• A Vagrant or Docker image for local development

• Sample code: github.com/magento/magento2-samples

https://github.com/magento/magento2-samples


Useful Tools for a New M2 Dev

• Magento 2 is a constantly evolving platform. Keep your skills up to date and keep an eye out for new tools to assist you.


Technical Architecture of Magento 2


Beginner’s Mind

• If you have experience with Magento 1, try to set it aside

• Magento 2 rewards Shoshin - a beginner’s mind

• Start with the basic architectural concepts in Magento 2


Composer

• Magento 2 is built on top of Composer

• Each module/extension can and should be a Composer module

• This includes each core module in the Magento 2 core


PSR’s All The Way Down

• PSR-0 thru PSR-4 (Autoloader)


phpunit, Selenium, JMeter, Jasmine and more all built in


Advanced Front-end Tech• LESS CSS (And SASS*)

• jQuery

• RequireJS

• Gulp.js

• Magento UI Library


Layers upon layers…


Layers

• Presentation layer

• Service Layer

• Domain Layer

• Persistence Layer

http://devdocs.magento.com/guides/v2.0/architecture/archi_perspectives/arch_diagrams.html


Dependency Injection

• Dependencies are injected into objects that need them

• “Don’t call us, we’ll call you”

• Instead of building an object in your class, it’s passed in via your constructor, automatically.



• Reduces dependencies

• Promotes loose coupling

• Improves testability



• Magento 2 uses the Constructor Injection pattern of DI

• Automatic Dependency Injection

• Handled in Magento 2 via XML files


Without Dependency Injection

public function getFormattedPrice($sku) { $db = new DBHandler; $row = $db->query('SELECT price FROM products WHERE sku = ?', $sku); $formatter = new PriceFormatter; return $formatter->asDollars($row['price']);}


With Dependency Injection

public function getFormattedPrice($sku, $db, $formatter) { $row = $db->query('SELECT price FROM products WHERE sku = ?', $sku); return $formatter->asDollars($row['price']);}


Interceptors

• Calls to almost any module can be intercepted and altered

• Possible to intercept before, after or around a function


Helpful Less-Technical M2 Concepts

• Magento can power multiple websites on one installation

• Websites -> Stores -> Store Views

• Translation & currency exchange system built in



• Built-in CMS system

• Static Blocks

• Widgets



• Modular product & customer attributes

• Pre-made extensions available on marketplace.magento.com

• Two editions - Community Edition & Enterprise Edition

http://marketplace.magento.com


A Few Cautions• Magento 2 is a work in progress

• Service contracts are incomplete

• Not all core code has been refactored

• Best practices are still being determined

• Check devdocs, Stack Exchange best-practice tag, blogs & presentations


Thoughts & Questions So Far?


Setting Up a New Magento 2 Site


Multiple Options

• Easy Install: Download zip file, run web installer

• System Integrator: Composer-based, run web or CLI installer

• Contributing Developer: Clone Magento 2 repository


Start with a Virtual Machine

• MageScotch follows the contributing developer approach to Magento 2 development

• Magento 2 repository is checked out to /opt/magento2

• It’s then copied to /var/www/public/magento2


Start with a Virtual Machine

• Starting with a VM simplifies the process and ensures you have a working environment

• Provides you with the additional tools you need such as the proper PHP version (7) and Composer


Starting an M2 Project

• Understand your end goal for the project

• Take time to map business requirements to existing Magento 2 functionality and modules

• Complete as much as you can in the admin panel


Starting an M2 Project

• Any business logic customizations should be completed via a Magento 2 module

• Purely cosmetic changes should take place as a custom theme

• Whatever you do, don’t edit core files


Writing a Magento 2 Module


Magento 2 Modules

• Magento 2 modules can do anything

• Provide new shipping methods & payment gateway integrations

• Implement entirely new ordering workflows

• Make simple, minor changes to functionality


Magento 2 Modules

• Magento 2 modules can be implemented within your existing codebase - magento2/app/code/Namespace/Module

• Magento 2 modules can also be freestanding modules with their own Git repository you install using Composer


Magento 2 Modules• All Magento 2 modules have a few things in common

• composer.json

• registration.php

• etc/module.xml

• Most also have etc/di.xml


composer.json{ "name": "magento/sample-module-minimal", "description": "A minimal skeleton Magento 2 module", "type": "magento2-module", "version": "1.0.0", "require": { "php": "~5.5.0|~5.6.0|~7.0.0" }, "autoload": { "files": [ "registration.php" ], "psr-4": { "Magento\\SampleMinimal\\": "" } } }


registration.php

<?php \Magento\Framework\Component\ComponentRegistrar::register( \Magento\Framework\Component\ComponentRegistrar::MODULE, 'Magento_SampleMinimal', __DIR__ );


etc/module.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?> <config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:Module/etc/module.xsd"> <module name="Magento_SampleMinimal" setup_version="2.0.0"> </module> </config>


etc/di.xml<?xml version="1.0"?><config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:ObjectManager/etc/config.xsd"> <type name="Magento\Framework\Console\CommandList"> <arguments> <argument name="commands" xsi:type="array"> <item name="write_yaml_command" xsi:type=“object">

Creatuity\BlackfireCommands\Console\Command\WriteYamlCommand </item>

<item name=“profile_category_command" xsi:type=“object"> Creatuity\BlackfireCommands\Console\Command\ProfileCategoryCommand </item> </argument> </arguments> </type></config>


Interesting Examples• github.com/magento/magento2-samples/tree/master/sample-module-modifycontent

• github.com/magento/magento2-samples/tree/master/sample-module-interception

• github.com/magento/magento2-samples/tree/master/sample-module-payment-gateway

• github.com/creatuity/magento2-blackfire-commands

https://github.com/magento/magento2-samples/tree/master/sample-module-modifycontent

https://github.com/magento/magento2-samples/tree/master/sample-module-modifycontent

https://github.com/magento/magento2-samples/tree/master/sample-module-interception

https://github.com/magento/magento2-samples/tree/master/sample-module-interception

https://github.com/magento/magento2-samples/tree/master/sample-module-payment-gateway

https://github.com/magento/magento2-samples/tree/master/sample-module-payment-gateway

https://github.com/creatuity/magento2-blackfire-commands


Recommendations

• When building a new site, write many simple modules for each distinct customization, not one large module

• Name modules in a logical manner based on the functionality they provide

• Don’t reinvent the wheel. Use libraries on Packagist and open source modules where possible.


Questions?


Designing Magento 2 Sites


Themes, Layouts and Templates

• A Magento website runs a theme

• Magento fully supports parent/child theme relationships

• Don’t edit the core theme. Create a new child theme that inherits from the core Luma or Blank themes.


Themes, Layouts and Templates

• A theme consists of layouts and templates

• Layouts are XML files that explain what blocks and containers appear on a page

• Templates are PHTML files that contain HTML markup for a specific page or section of a page


Stylesheets & Preprocessing

• Magento 2 utilizes the LESS CSS preprocessor

• LESS allows you to use variables, mixins and rules in your CSS

• Modify LESS files and then compile them into CSS. Don’t modify CSS files directly.


Sample

• https://github.com/ubertheme/crafts-magento-2-theme

https://github.com/ubertheme/crafts-magento-2-theme


Questions?


Deploying Magento 2 Sites


No, seriously, hold on…


The official Magento 2 documentation on deploying to production…


One Option…• Upload all files to your server

• bin/magento setup:upgrade

• bin/magento setup:di:compile

• bin/magento deploy:mode:set production

• bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy


Check Your Infrastructure

• Magento Enterprise supports Varnish out of the box - use it

• Please don’t deploy on $5/month hosting

• Configure Magento to use Redis for cache storage

http://devdocs.magento.com/guides/v2.0/config-guide/redis/config-redis.html


Questions?


Examples & Exercises


Real World Examples

• http://panhandleww.com/

• http://stickyholsters.com

http://panhandleww.com/

http://stickyholsters.com


Exercises

• What do you want to try in Magento 2?


Next Steps


php[world] sessions• Magento 2 Performance Talk

• Wednesday, 3PM, Ash Grove C

• Automating Your Workflow With Gulp.js

• Thursday, 11:30AM, Great Falls

• Magento 2 Development Best Practices

• Friday, 10AM, Ash Grove A


Future Events

• Magento 2 Performance Training - January 18th-20th in Orlando with Ivan Chepurnyi - http://bit.ly/2eAo8cz

• Magento Imagine 2017 - April 3rd-5th in Las Vegas - imagine.magento.com

http://bit.ly/2eAo8cz

http://imagine.magento.com


Stay in Touch

• Never hesitate to ask questions via Twitter - @JoshuaSWarren or on Stack Exchange

• Questions today?


Go build something awesome!

Date post:	16-Apr-2017
Category:	Software
Upload:	joshua-warren
View:	232 times
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Magento 2 Development for PHP Developers

Software