Manassas Sleep LabManassas Sleep Lab

7513 Presidential Lane7513 Presidential Lane

Manassas, VA 20109Manassas, VA 20109Tel: (703) 286-7455 Fax: (703) 286-7462Tel: (703) 286-7455 Fax: (703) 286-7462

AwakeAwake

Stage1Stage1

Stage 2Stage 2

Slow Wave Stage (3-4)Slow Wave Stage (3-4)

Sleep DisordersSleep Disorders

Sleep ApneaSleep Apnea is a disorder of breathing during sleep. Typically is a disorder of breathing during sleep. Typically it is accompanied by loud snoring. Apneas during sleep consist of brief it is accompanied by loud snoring. Apneas during sleep consist of brief periods throughout the night in which breathing stops. People with sleep periods throughout the night in which breathing stops. People with sleep apnea do not get enough oxygen during sleep. There are 2 major types:apnea do not get enough oxygen during sleep. There are 2 major types:

a. a. Obstructive Sleep ApneaObstructive Sleep Apnea is the most common type is the most common type and is due to an obstruction in the throat during sleep. Bed partners and is due to an obstruction in the throat during sleep. Bed partners notice pauses approx. 10 to 60 seconds between loud snores. The notice pauses approx. 10 to 60 seconds between loud snores. The narrowing of the upper airway can be a result of several factors including narrowing of the upper airway can be a result of several factors including inherent physical characteristics, excess weight, and alcohol inherent physical characteristics, excess weight, and alcohol consumption before sleep.consumption before sleep.

b. Central Sleep Apnea b. Central Sleep Apnea caused by a delay in the signal form the caused by a delay in the signal form the brain to breath. With both obstructive and central apnea you must wake up briefly brain to breath. With both obstructive and central apnea you must wake up briefly to breathe, sometimes hundreds of times during the night. Usually there is no to breathe, sometimes hundreds of times during the night. Usually there is no memory of these brief awakenings.memory of these brief awakenings.

Most Common SymptomsMost Common Symptoms

Loud Snoring Loud Snoring Waking up non-refreshed and having trouble staying Waking up non-refreshed and having trouble staying

awake during the day awake during the day Waking up with headaches Waking up with headaches Waking up during the night with the sensation of Waking up during the night with the sensation of

choking choking Waking up sweating Waking up sweating Frequent trips to the bathroom during the night Frequent trips to the bathroom during the night Insomnia - problem staying asleepInsomnia - problem staying asleep Being overweight (but not necessarily) Being overweight (but not necessarily) Waking and gasping for air Waking and gasping for air

Some Effects of OSA:Some Effects of OSA:

loud snoring loud snoring morning headaches morning headaches chest pulls in during sleep in young children chest pulls in during sleep in young children high blood pressure high blood pressure overweight, but not always overweight, but not always a dry mouth upon awakening a dry mouth upon awakening depression depression difficulty concentrating difficulty concentrating excessive perspiring during sleep excessive perspiring during sleep heartburn heartburn reduced libido reduced libido insomnia insomnia frequent trips to the bath room during the night frequent trips to the bath room during the night restless sleep restless sleep rapid weight gain rapid weight gain

Obstructive Sleep ApneaObstructive Sleep Apnea

HypopneaHypopnea

Sleep Apnea ManagementSleep Apnea Management

A sleep test, called polysomnographyA sleep test, called polysomnography is usually done to diagnose sleep apnea. An overnight is usually done to diagnose sleep apnea. An overnight polysomnography test involves monitoring brain waves, muscle tension, eye movement, respiration, polysomnography test involves monitoring brain waves, muscle tension, eye movement, respiration, oxygen level in the blood and audio monitoring. (for snoring, gasping, etc.) . It is a painless test that is oxygen level in the blood and audio monitoring. (for snoring, gasping, etc.) . It is a painless test that is usually covered by insurance. usually covered by insurance.

Mild Sleep ApneaMild Sleep Apnea is usually treated by some behavioral changes. Losing weight, sleeping on your side is usually treated by some behavioral changes. Losing weight, sleeping on your side are often recommended. There are oral mouth devices (that help keep the airway open) on the market are often recommended. There are oral mouth devices (that help keep the airway open) on the market that may help to reduce snoring in three different ways. Some devices (1) bring the jaw forward or (2) that may help to reduce snoring in three different ways. Some devices (1) bring the jaw forward or (2) elevate the soft palate or (3) retain the tongue (from falling back in the airway and blocking elevate the soft palate or (3) retain the tongue (from falling back in the airway and blocking breathing). Sleep Apnea is a progressive condition (gets worse as you age) and should not be taken breathing). Sleep Apnea is a progressive condition (gets worse as you age) and should not be taken lightly. lightly.

Moderate to Severe Sleep ApneaModerate to Severe Sleep Apnea is usually treated with a is usually treated with a C-PAP (continuous positive airway C-PAP (continuous positive airway pressure)pressure).  CPAP is a machine that blows air into your nose via a nose mask, keeping the airway open .  CPAP is a machine that blows air into your nose via a nose mask, keeping the airway open and unobstructed. For more severe apnea, there is a and unobstructed. For more severe apnea, there is a Bi-level (Bi-PAP) machineBi-level (Bi-PAP) machine. The BI-level machine . The BI-level machine is different in that it blows air at two different pressures. When a person inhales, the pressure is higher is different in that it blows air at two different pressures. When a person inhales, the pressure is higher and in exhaling, the pressure is lower. Your sleep doctor will "prescribe" your pressure and a home and in exhaling, the pressure is lower. Your sleep doctor will "prescribe" your pressure and a home healthcare company will set it up and provide training in its use and maintenance. healthcare company will set it up and provide training in its use and maintenance.

Some people have facial deformitiesSome people have facial deformities that may cause the sleep apnea. It simply may be that their jaw that may cause the sleep apnea. It simply may be that their jaw is smaller than it should be or they could have a smaller opening at the back of the throat. Some people is smaller than it should be or they could have a smaller opening at the back of the throat. Some people have enlarged tonsils, a large tongue or some other tissues partially blocking the airway. Fixing a have enlarged tonsils, a large tongue or some other tissues partially blocking the airway. Fixing a deviated septum may help to open the nasal passages. Removing the tonsils and adenoids or polyps deviated septum may help to open the nasal passages. Removing the tonsils and adenoids or polyps may help also. Children are much more likely to have their tonsils and adenoids removed. may help also. Children are much more likely to have their tonsils and adenoids removed.

NarcolepsyNarcolepsy

Narcoleptics,Narcoleptics, no matter how much they sleep, no matter how much they sleep, continue to experience a continue to experience a irresistible need to irresistible need to sleepsleep. People with narcolepsy can fall asleep . People with narcolepsy can fall asleep while at work, talking, and driving a car for while at work, talking, and driving a car for example. These example. These "sleep attacks""sleep attacks" can last from 30 can last from 30 seconds to more than 30 minutes. They may also seconds to more than 30 minutes. They may also experience periods of experience periods of cataplexycataplexy (loss of muscle (loss of muscle tone) ranging from a slight buckling at the knees to tone) ranging from a slight buckling at the knees to a complete, "rag doll" limpness throughout the a complete, "rag doll" limpness throughout the body. body.

InsomniaInsomnia

There are four major types of Insomnia. There are four major types of Insomnia. Difficulty falling asleep Difficulty falling asleep No problem falling asleep but difficulty No problem falling asleep but difficulty

staying asleep (many awakenings) staying asleep (many awakenings) Waking up too early Waking up too early Sleep State Misperception Sleep State Misperception

Periodic Limb MovementsPeriodic Limb Movements

PLMS are characterized by leg movements PLMS are characterized by leg movements or jerks which typically occur every 20 to 40 or jerks which typically occur every 20 to 40 seconds during sleep. PLMS cause sleep to seconds during sleep. PLMS cause sleep to be disrupted. These movements are be disrupted. These movements are typically reported by the bed partner. These typically reported by the bed partner. These movements fragment sleep, leaving the movements fragment sleep, leaving the person with excessive daytime sleepiness. person with excessive daytime sleepiness.

Restless Legs SyndromeRestless Legs Syndrome

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a discomfort in the legs which is relieved by discomfort in the legs which is relieved by moving or stimulating the legs. This feeling moving or stimulating the legs. This feeling is difficult to describe and commonly is difficult to describe and commonly referred to as a crawling, tingling or prickling referred to as a crawling, tingling or prickling sensation. Medications have been found sensation. Medications have been found useful. useful.

PLMs (Periodic Leg Movements)PLMs (Periodic Leg Movements)

Other Sleep DisordersOther Sleep Disorders

Sleepwalking (Somnambulism)Sleepwalking (Somnambulism) Sleep TerrorsSleep Terrors Sleep BruxismSleep Bruxism Idiopathic HypersomnolenceIdiopathic Hypersomnolence