manual megger DBL_ME_ME-L1072_ME-L1073_MANUAL_ENGLISCH.pdf

7/27/2019 manual megger DBL_ME_ME-L1072_ME-L1073_MANUAL_ENGLISCH.pdf

1/42

AVTML1072/73Rev 1

June 2012

User Guide

L1072, L1073 & L1073-10Megger Portable Locators

Read this entire manual before operating.

M

Valley Forge Corporate Center2621 Van Buren AvenueNorristown, PA 19403-2329U.S.A.

610-676-8500

www.megger.com


2/42


3/42

L1072, L1073 & L1073-10

Megger Portable Locators


4/42

Copyright 2012 by Megger. All rights reserved.

The information presented in this manual is believed to be adequate for the intended use of the product.The products described herein should not be used for purposes other than as specified herein. Specifications aresubject to change without notice.


5/42

WARRANTY

Products supplied by Megger are warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of oneyear following shipment. Our liability is specifically limited to replacing or repairing, at our option, defectiveequipment. Equipment returned for repair must be shipped prepaid and insured. Contact your local MEGGERrepresentative for instructions and a return authorization (RA) number. Please indicate all pertinent information,including problem symptoms. Also specify the serial number and the catalog number of the unit. This warrantydoes not include batteries, lamps or other expendable items, where the original manufacturers warranty shallapply. We make no other warranty. The warranty is void in the event of abuse (failure to follow recommendedoperating procedures) or failure by the customer to perform specific maintenance as indicated in this manual.

Local Megger Offices

Australia Canada France

Megger Pty LimitedUnit 1, 11-21 Underwood RoadHomebushNSW 2140T: +61 (0)2 9397 5900F:+61 (0)2 9397 5911

110 Milner Avenue Unit 1Scarborough OntarioM1S 3R2 Canada

T: 1 416 298 6770F: 416 298 0848

23 rue Eugne HenaffZA du Buisson de la Couldre78190 TRAPPEST: 01 30 16 08 90F: 01 34 61 23 77

Germany India Kingdom of Bahrain

Megger GmbH

Obere Zeil 261440 OberurselDeutschland

T: 06171-92987-0F: 06171-92987-19

Megger (India) Pvt Limited

501 Crystal Paradise MallOff. Veera Desai Road

Andheri (W)Mumbai 400053T: +91 22 26740468F: +91 22 26740465

P.O. Box 15777

Office 81, Building 298Road 3306, Block 333ManamaKingdom of Bahrain.T: +973 177 40 620F: + 973 177 20 [email protected]

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia South Africa Sweden

PO Box 1168Khobar 31952

T: +966 3889 4407F: +966 3889 [email protected]

PO Box 22300Glen Ashley 4022DurbanSouth Africa

T: +27 (031) 5646578F:+27 (031) 5637990

Megger Sweden ABEldarvgen 4Box 2970SE-187 29 TBY

SWEDENT: +46 8 510 195 00F: +46 8 510 195 95

Switzerland United Kingdom (Dover)

Megger Schweiz AGOb. Haselweg 6305727 Oberkulm

AargauT: +41 62 768 20 30F: +41 62 768 20 33

Megger LimitedArchcliffe RoadDover CT17 9EN

T: 01304 502101F: 01304 207342

United States(Dallas) United States(Valley Forge) United States(College Station)

4271 Bronze Way,Dallas, Texas 75237-1019 USA

T: 1-800-723-2861F: 1-214-331-7399

Valley Forge Corporate Centre2621 Van Buren AvenueNorristown, PA 19403 USAT: 610 676 8500F: 610-676-8610

4064 State Highway 6 SouthCollege Station, TX 77845 USAT: 979-690-7925F: 979-690-0276


6/42

SafetyVoltages of greater than 50 V applied across dry unbroken human skin are capable ofproducing heart fibrillation if they produce electric currents in body tissues whichhappen to pass through the chest area.[citation needed] The electrocution danger ismostly determined by the low conductivity of dry human skin. If skin is wet, or if thereare wounds, or if the voltage is applied to electrodes which penetrate the skin, then evenvoltage sources below 40 V can be lethal if contacted. Additionally research has shownthat where the skin has been compromised, very small voltage of up to 3V can kill.

Accidental contact with high voltage supplying sufficient energy will usually result in

severe injury or death. This can occur as a person's body provides a path for current flowcausing tissue damage and heart failure. Other injuries can include burns from the arcgenerated by the accidental contact. These can be especially dangerous if the victim'sairways are affected. Injuries may also be suffered as a result of the physical forcesexerted as people may fall from height or be thrown a considerable distance.

Low-energy exposure to high voltage may be harmless, such as the spark produced in adry climate when touching a doorknob after walking across a carpeted floor.


7/42

AVTML1072/73 Rev 1 June 2012

i

Table of Contents

1 SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................................... 1Receiver (L1072, 1073 & L1073-10) ........................................................................................... 1Transmitter (L1072, L1073 & L1073-10 .................................................................................... 2Battery Charger (L1073) ............................................................................................................... 3Battery Charger (L1073-10) ......................................................................................................... 4Supplied Components .................................................................................................................. 5Optional Accessories (not supplied as standard) ...................................................................... 5

.2 SAFETY .................................................................................................................................................. 7

Precautions ..................................................................................................................................... 7Warning and Caution Notices ..................................................................................................... 8

3 GETTING TO KNOW YOUR L1072, L1073 & L1073-10 .......................................................... 9Receiver ........................................................................................................................................... 9Controls ............................................................................................................................. 9Receiver ......................................................................................................................................... 11

Display ............................................................................................................................. 11Transmitter ................................................................................................................................... 12

Controls ........................................................................................................................... 12Transmitter ................................................................................................................................... 13

Display ............................................................................................................................. 13

4 PREPARING FOR USE .................................................................................................................... 15General .......................................................................................................................................... 15Preparing the Receiver and Transmitter .................................................................................. 15TX Rechargeable Battery (L1073 & L1073-10) ...................................................................... 15Recharging the Battery/External Power Pack ........................................................................ 16

5 OPERATION ....................................................................................................................................... 17Transmitter ................................................................................................................................... 17

Direct Connection ......................................................................................................... 17Coupler & Flexicoupler Connection ........................................................................... 18Inductive Connection .................................................................................................... 19Blind Search .................................................................................................................... 20Selecting the Tracing Signal .......................................................................................... 20

Receiver ....................................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.Locating the Cable or Pipe ......................................Error! Bookmark not defined.Selecting the Locating Mode (Peak or Null) .........Error! Bookmark not defined.Peak Mode Locating .................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.Null Mode Locating ...................................................................................................... 22Absolute Signal Strength ............................................................................................... 23Gain Change Indication ................................................................................................ 23Passive 50/60 Hz Locating .......................................................................................... 24Passive Radio Frequency Locating .............................................................................. 24


8/42

M


ii

Push Button Depth ....................................................................................................... 24Current Measurement ................................................................................................................. 25

Depth Measurement 45 Angle Method .................................................................... 26Tilted Magnetic Field Identification ............................................................................ 26

6 FAULT LOCATING WITH THE L1072/L1073 ......................................................................... 27Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 27Signal Return through an Insulated Fault ................................................................................ 27Setting the Transmitter to Fault Mode ..................................................................................... 28Setting the Receiver to Fault Mode .......................................................................................... 28Ground Return Probe ................................................................................................................ 28Ground Return Probe Insertion ............................................................................................... 29Ground Return Probe Fault Locating ...................................................................................... 29

7 SERVICE .............................................................................................................................................. 31Maintenance ................................................................................................................................. 31Repair ............................................................................................................................................ 31


9/42

M


iii

UPON RECEIPT OF YOUR DEL IVERY

Prior to operation, check for loosened hardware or damage incurred during transit. Ifthese conditions are found, a safety hazard is likely, DO NOT attempt to operate

equipment.

Please contact Megger as soon as possible.

Please check your delivery against:

a) your orderb) our advice notec) the item delivered, andd) the parts list

any shortages must be reported immediately.


10/42

M


iv

STANDARD MANUAL CONVENTIONS

This manual uses the following conventions:

Bold indicates emphasis or a heading.

NOTE: is used to set off important information from the rest of the text.

A WARNING symbol alerts you to a hazard that mayresult in equipment damage, personal injury, or death.Carefully read the instructions provided and follow allsafety precautions.

A CAUTION symbol alerts you that the system may notoperate as expected if instructions are not followed.


11/42


1

1SPECIFICATIONS

Receiver (L1072, 1073 & L1073-10)

Operating Frequency

Active: 82kHz, 33kHz, 8kHz, 815Hz

Passive: 50/60Hz

Mode NullPeak

Audio Indication Variable pitch response on all frequencies

Depth Measurement

Automatic Push-button digital depth readout to 15ft(4.6m)

Manual Triangulation

Current Measurement LCD bar graph displays relative current/signalstrength. Readout between 0 999

Gain Control Up/Down button for automatic centring andmanual control.

Dynamic Range 126dB

Battery Life

Continuous 40 hrs

Intermittent 82 hrs (10min auto shut-off)

Battery Type "C" type Alkaline batteries (qty 6 required)

Operating Temperature -4F to 133F (-20C to +55C)

Weight 3lbs (1.36kgs)

Dimensions 30.3 x 3.75 x 9.4in (L x W x H)

76.9 x 9.3 x 23.8cm (L x W x H)


12/42

M


2

Transm itter (L1072, L1073 & L1073-10

Operating Frequency 82kHz, 33kHz, 8kHz, 815Hz

Simultaneous 815Hz & 83kHz

Output L1072/L1073 L1073-10

Low High Low High

815Hz 0.2W 5W 0.6W 8W

8kHz 0.2W 5W 0.6W 10W

33kHz 0.2W 5W 0.6W 10W

82kHz 0.2W 5W 0.2W 1.0W

815HZ & 83kHz .06W 0.67W 0.06W .067W

Load Matching Automatic in the range from 5 to 20,000

Connection Direct : TX Inductive

Inductive Coupling (requires optional coupler)

Battery Life L1072 L1073/73-10

Continuous 8-15hrs Greater than 30hrs

Intermittent 40-60hrs 60-80hrs

(load, frequency & power setting dependent)

Battery Type

L1072 "D" type Alkaline batteries (qty 8)

L1073 Rechargeable 12V 7Ah maintenance free sealed leadacid battery

L1073-10 Rechargeable (24V) 2 x 12V 5Ah sealed lead acidbattery

Operating Temperature -4F to 133F (-20C to +55C)

Weight

L1072 8lbs (3.6kgs)

L1073 12.5lbs (5kgs)

L1073-10 12.5lbs (5kgs)

Dimensions 16 x 6.32 x 6in (L x W x H)41 x 16 x 15cm (L x W x H)


13/42

SPECIFICATIONS


3

Battery Charger

L1073

Input 90-264v AC 47-63Hz

Output 12V dc @ 14.7W

Charge Current 1.0A 5-7%

Charge Voltage 14.7V

Standby Voltage: 14.7V

Charge Termination 250mA 20%

Output Connection 2.5 x 5.5 x 9.5mm barrel plug, center positive

Input Connection 2-pin IEC320-C7 (US, EU & AU input plugsincluded)

Dimensions 4.06 x 1.81 x 1.54in. (L x W x D)

103 x 46 x 39mm. (L x W x D)

Observe the following precautions when using the dc battery charger.

GCAUTION

Not recommended for batteries with less than 3.0Ah capacity.

Do not use on damaged or shorted batteries.

Allow for air circulation around charger case. Do not cover.

Do not use if circuit is exposed to moisture.

Disconnect immediately if batteries get hot.


14/42

M


4

Battery Charger

L1073-10

Input 90-264v AC 47-63Hz

Output 24V dc @ 14.7W

Charge Current 1.0A 5-7%

Charge Voltage 29.4V

Standby Voltage: 27.4V

Charge Termination 250mA 20%

Output Connection 2.5 x 5.5 x 9.5mm barrel plug, center positive

Input Connection 2-pin IEC320-C7 (US, EU & AU input plugsincluded)

Dimensions 4.06 x 1.81 x 1.54in. (L x W x D)

103 x 46 x 39mm. (L x W x D)

Observe the following precautions when using the dc battery charger.

GCAUTION

Not recommended for batteries with less than 1.5Ah capacity.

Do not use on damaged or shorted batteries.

Allow for air circulation around charger case. Do not cover.

Do not use if circuit is exposed to moisture.

Disconnect immediately if batteries get hot.


15/42

SPECIFICATIONS


5

Suppl ied Components

L1072 / L1073 / L1073-10 4-active and 2-passive frequency Receiver

6 x 1.5 C type Batteries

L1072 5W Transmitter

8 x 1.5V D type Batteries

L1073 5W Transmitter (rechargeable)

12V 7Ah sealed lead acid battery

d.c. Charger

L1073-10 10W Transmitter (rechargeable)

2V 7Ah sealed lead acid battery

d.c. Charger

Red/Black lead(Large Clamp) 20ft (6.1m) direct Connection lead with clamps

Ground/Earth Rod For near end independent grounding/earthing

User Manual AVTML1072/L1073

Optional Accessories (not supplied as standard)

Flexible Coupler (Inductive) 651076

4inch Coupler (Inductive) 651079

Folding Ground Return Probe

d.c. charger (automotive)

651075

651078


16/42

M


6

M


17/42


7

2Safety

Precaut ions

These guidelines do not take precedence over the operator Companies own guidelines,SAFETY procedures or policies, which must take precedence.

The L1072, L1073 and L1073-10 Portable Locators and the recommended operatingprocedures have been designed with careful attention to safety; however, it is notpossible to eliminate all hazards from electrical test equipment or to foresee every

possible hazard that may occur. It is therefore essential that the user, in addition tofollowing the safety rules in this manual, also carefully consider all safety aspects of thetest before proceeding. Safety is the responsibility of the user.

F WARNING!Do NOT connect to live or energized power cable.Use suitable barriers, barricades, and warnings to keep people not actually engaged in thetest at a safe distance. Make sure that no one can make contact with energized parts of

the test equipment and the specimen under test.

Treat all terminals of power equipment as a potential electric shock hazard. There isalways the possibility of voltages being induced at these terminals because of proximityto energized high-voltage lines or equipment.

Always turn the transmitter power off before touching any terminals.

Always disconnect test leads from the cable under test before attempting to disconnectthem from the portable locator.

Never connect the test leads to a cable that does not have a safety ground strap in place.

Never disconnect the test leads from a cable that does not have a safety ground strap inplace. The safety ground connection must be the first made and the last removed. Anyinterruption of the grounding connection can create an electric shock hazard.

Observe all safety warnings marked on the equipment. These warnings identify areas ofimmediate hazard which could result in personal injury or loss of life.


18/42

M


8

Do not operate the equipment with protective covers removed. Operation without theprotective covers presents an electric shock hazard.

Use all practical safety precautions to prevent contact with energized parts of theequipment and related circuits.

Use the recommended grounding and connection procedures. Make sure that theequipment is grounded properly. Any interruption of the grounding connection cancreate an electric shock hazard.

Refer to IEEE 510-1983 "IEEE Recommended Practices for Safety in High-Voltage andHigh-Power Testing" for additional information.

Do not use the portable locator or its accessories with any device or for any purposeother than as specifically described in this manual. Misuse of this equipment can beextremely dangerous.

Never connect the portable locator to energized equipment.

Do not use in an explosive atmosphere.

The L1071 Portable Locator uses rechargeable batteries. Replace only with sealed lead-acid batteries as specified in Section 3, Specifications. Danger of explosion can result ifthe wrong batteries are used.

If the portable locator is operated in accordance with the safety precautions described,and if all grounds are correctly made, rubber gloves are not necessary. As a routine safetyprocedure, however, some users require that rubber gloves be worn, not only when

making connections to the high-voltage terminals but also when manipulating controls.Megger considers this an excellent safety practice.

Warning and Caut ion Not ices

Warning and caution notices are used throughout this manual where applicable. Thesenotices appear in the format shown below and are defined as follows:

F

WARNING!Warning, as used in this manual, is defined as a condition orpractice which could result in personal injury or loss of life.

GCAUTION

Caution, as used in this manual, is defined as a condition orpractice which could result in damage to or destruction of theequipment or apparatus under test.


19/42


9

3GETTING TO KNOW YOUR L1072, L1073 & L1073-10

Receiver

Controls

1. Depth or CurrentButton

Depth function will first momentarily display the depth mode (Line[LIN] or Sonde [SON]) and then display depth measurment at the topof the LCD. To change the depth measurment from Imperial to Metric,hold the depth key for ten (10) seconds. Secondary function is accessedby depressing and holding Shift Key (6) whilst selecting secondary keyfunction.

Current function measures the relative amount of transmitted current isdisplayed at the bottom of the LCD.

2. ON/OFF Turns the unit on or off. Previous settings will be loaded when unit isturned on. Automatic shut-down after 10minutes of no use

3. Frequency Button Toggles through available active and passive frequencies.

4. Gain Button (Down) Adjusts the gain down. If the signal strength shows as --- on thedisplay, pressing the gain will automatically adjust to 85% on the scaledisplay.


20/42

M


10

5. Mode or VolumeButton

Mode, allows selection of the operation mode of the receiver. i.e. Peak,Pinpoint Peak, Null, (ACC when an accessory is plugged in) andSONDE location modes. Secondary function is accessed by depressingand holding Shift Key (6) whilst selecting secondary key function.

Volume toggles volume through High, Medium, Low and OFF.

6. Shift Key Used to selected the secondary function of any key. The secondaryfunction is accessed by depressing and holding Shift Key (6) at the sametime as depressing button of desired function.

7. Gain Button (Up) Adjusts the gain down. If the signal strength shows as --- on thedisplay, pressing the gain will automatically adjust to 85% on the scaledisplay.


21/42

GETTING TO KNOW YOUR L1072, L1073 & L1073-10


11

Receiver

Display

8. Signal Strength orDepth

Displays the absolute signal strength or depth

9. Relative SignalStrength

Displays the relative strength of the signal being received. Single barshows gain settings.

10. Operation Mode Displays the selected mode of operation i.e. i.e. Peak, Pinpoint Peak,Null, (ACC when an accessory is plugged in) and SONDE locationmodes

11. Selected Frequency Displays the selected Frequency


22/42

M


12

Transmit ter

Controls

12. TX Output Jack The Red/Black lead, Couple and Flexicoupler connect here.

13. Output Level Control The output level control adjusts the output power from thetransmitter. There are five levels from low to high.

14. Frequency Selector Used to select the required transmitter frequency: 82kHz; 815Hz;8kHz; 33Khz

15. TX Signal InformationSelector

The transmitter can display the relative resistance, current andvoltage of the transmitted signal. The resistance is based on thefeedback from the selected frequency is not an actual impedancemeter. These parameters are selected buy toggling the SignalInformaion button

16. Power ON / Off Turns the Transmitter ON or Off


23/42

GETTING TO KNOW YOUR L1072, L1073 & L1073-10


13

Transmit ter

Display

17. Load Rate Indicator The load rate indicator symbol fashes to indicate the output circuitimpendance/

4-blinks per second: Indicates the TX is near a nearly short circuit

1-blink per 3-seconds: Indicated a nearly open circuit

Note:Holding down the outuput signal level button for 2-seconds will mute theaudio load rate indicator.

18. Relative Resistance,Volt, Current

Displays the relative resistance, voltage and current of the outputsignal. These parameters are selected buy toggling the SignalInformaion button

19. Battery Condition Indicates the condition of the transmitter batteries.


24/42

M


14

M


25/42


15

4PREPARING FOR USE

General

Check the equipment received against the packing list to ensure that all materials arepresent.

Examine the instrument for damage. If damage is discovered do not attempt to use theinstrument, prepare a detailed description of the damage and notify your supplier.

The instrument has been thoroughly tested and inspected to meet rigid specificationsbefore being shipped It is ready for use when set up as indicated in the user manual.

Preparing the Receiver and Transm it ter

Receiver: Locate the battery compartment on the back of the head of the receiver.Open the compartment using a Phillips screwdriver and install the six 1.5V C typebatteries as indicated on the battery holder. Re-instate Install the battery cover andtighten the retaining screws.

Transmitter: Locate the battery compartment on the bottom of the transmitter.Remove the screws from the battery compartment door. Install the batteries as markedon the battery holder. Re-instate the battery cover and tighten the retaining screws.

L1073 & L1073-10 Only: Charge the transmitter batteries for at least 5-hours beforeusing.

TX Rechargeable Battery (L1073 & L1073-10)

If your transmitter has rechargeable batteries, the battery cover will extend past the maintransmitter housing shell approximately 1/2 in. (1.27 cm). The recharger jack is situatednear the carrying handle on the transmitter housing. To replace the sealed, rechargeable12 V, 7Ah lead-acid battery, remove the back cover and four nuts on each side of thebattery bracket. Remove the battery, then remove the red wire and the black wire fromthe battery terminals by pulling off the spade connectors.

An automatic shutdown circuit protects the lead-acid battery from discharging below thesafe level of 8.2 V. Reset the automatic shutdown circuit by turning the POWEROUTPUT switch OFF. When the battery voltage is discharged down to 10.5 V, theLOW BAT icon on the LCD is activated. From the time the LOW BAT icon isactivated, you will have between 15 and 30 min of operating before automatic shutdownoccurs. Also, when the LOW BAT icon is activated, the transmitter output signal willcycle every 20 sec.


26/42

M


16

Recharging the Battery/External Power Pack

GCAUTION

Set the transmitter POWER OUTPUT switch to OFF before you

begin recharging.

Using the ac charger: A fully discharged battery can be fully charged in less than24hr using the ac charger. A partially discharged batteryrequires less recharging time. Overcharging shortens batterylife.

Using the dc charger: A fully discharged battery can be fully charged in less than 5hrusing the 12V dc charger. Typically, 10 min of charge will give

you 20 min of usage. Although it is possible to power thetransmitter with the automotive charger, the charger will notsupply enough energy to charge the battery at the same time.


27/42


17

5OPERATION

Transmit ter

F WARNINGDO NOT CONNECT TO LIVE OR ENERGISED POWER CABLESDirect Connection

Direct Connection is the most reliable method of signal application. This method isrelatively free of interference. The greatest amount of signal strength can be achieved bythis method. Low, mid, and high frequency may be used. The far end of the utility mustbe grounded.

Connect the Red Test Cord to an existing ground point or an exposed metallic section ofthe utility . Place the Ground Rod approximately 10 feet from this point, at an angle of90 to the buried cable or pipe. Push the Ground Rod into the ground 8 to 10 inches.Connect the Black Test Cord to the Ground Rod.

Plug the Red/Black Test Cord into the TX OUTPUT JACK. Press the FREQUENCYButton for 815 Hz, 8 kHz, 33 kHz or 82 kHz. The Power Output Indicator and theFrequency light of the chosen frequency will light up.


28/42

M


18

Coupler & Flexicoupler Connection

The optional Flexicoupler and Hard Coupler are very easy to use, and services do nothave to be interrupted. The operation range is shorter than for Direct Connectionmethods. The tracing signal can be affected by neighboring cables and pipes. The

Red/Black Test Cord or the Ground Rod are not needed for this method.

Successful coupler operation requires an insulated conductor that is grounded on bothnear and far ends.

Loop the Flexicoupler around the cable and connect the two ends, or clamp the HardCoupler around the cable. It is important to connect the coupler around the cableneeding to be traced. Connect the coupler around the wire closer to the outgoing cablenot near the system ground. The result will be a stronger signal. By connecting near thegrounding, the range will also be shorter, and difficulty may arise determining one cablefrom another.

Plug the Coupler Test Cord into the TX OUTPUT JACK. Always use the 82 kHzFREQUENCY on the Receiver and the Transmitter.


29/42

OPERATION


19

Inductive Connection

This method is convenient to use, and services are not interrupted. No test cords orconnections are needed. The cable or pipe must have good insulation or non-conductivecoating, or the operating range will be short.

Turn the Transmitter ON. Press the 82 kHz button. Place Transmitter on its side asclose as possible to the path of the cable or pipe. Align the AROWS on the SIDE OFTHE TRANSMITTER in line with the cable or pipe. First, locate the broad TransmitterNull, then move toward the expected cable path while looking for the signal carried bythe cable.

Start tracing the path with the Receiver 25 feet from the Transmitter. Search in the 90zone as shown above. Locate the cable or pipe, and follow the path. If the signalbecomes weak, move the Transmitter to a point 25 feet behind the last strong signal, andcontinue searching.


30/42

M


20

Blind Search

The Blind Search locating techniques is used if the operator is not aware if a buriedutility exists.

Two people are needed for this technique. The Transmitter and the Receiver are Held 25feet away from each other. Each operator walks at the same speed keeping a distance of25 feet from each other.

When the receiver gives an audio response, then a buried utility is present between theReceiver and the Transmitter.

Selecting the Tracing Signal

The choice of 815 Hz, 8 kHz, 33kHz or 82 kHz Frequency is dependent on theconditions of the locate.

The 815 Hz, 8 kHz, 33kHz and 82 kHz signals each have their advantages. It isrecommended to begin by using the 815 Hz signal, and continue as long as you areconfident in the results. If the signal is very weak try to adjust the connection orgrounding. If there is no improvement in signal then try 8 kHz. Repeat adjustments ofground and connection point again until switching to 33 kHz and then 82 kHz.

815 Hz (lower frequency) signal is usually preferred to the 8 kHz (mid-range frequency)and 82 kHz (high frequency) signal, because it is much less susceptible to locating errorscaused by nearby cables or pipes. The 815 Hz locating range is also much longer thanthe 82 kHz signal. The 815 Hz signal will not travel well through disconnected shieldbonds or insulated pipe bushing.

8 kHz and 33kHz takes the best of both high and low frequency. This mid rangefrequency is not very susceptible to bleed off or coupling, but it can jump impedance on


31/42

OPERATION


21

the utility better than the 815 Hz. It is still best to use 815 Hz, but 8 kHz is one of themost common frequencies used to locate coaxial cable and telecom pairs.

The 82 kHz (higher frequency) is sometimes better than the 815 Hz (lower frequency)for locating sharp corners in cables or pipes. The 82 kHz signal is also better for

jumping disconnected shield bonds or grounds, or tracing signal may indicate one ofthese characteristics. The locating range is quite short for the 82 kHz signal so theTransmitter must be repositioned more often during the tracing operation. Thisfrequency is also useful for applying a signal using the Flexicoupler or the Hard Coupler.

Receiver

Locating the Cable or Pipe

Make sure the Transmitter is connected and in the ON position. Then move

approximately 15 feet (4.5 meters) away from the Transmitter along the path. (Moveabout 25 feet (7.5 meters) for the Inductive search mode.)

Hold the Receiver so that you can see the LCD bargraph and controls easily. Make surethe Receiver and the Transmitter FREQUENCY are both set for the sameFREQUENCY, either 815 Hz (lower), 8 kHz, 33kHz or 82 kHz (higher). Or select thepassive locating mode which do not require the transmitter.

Selecting the Locating Mode (Peak or Null)

Press the MODE button to select the desired Peak or Null locating method.

Peak Mode Locating

Keep the Receiver in a vertical position. Move the Receiver left to right across the path.When the Receiver is directly above the cable or pipe, rotate the Receiver for amaximum signal. As you move the Receiver away from the cable path, the meter reading(and audio frequency response) will drop off.

If you rotate the Receiver while over the cable, a sharp NULL will identify the cablesdirection. It is aligned with the flat side of the Receiver.


32/42

M


22

Trace the path by walking away from the Transmitter at a moderate pace. Move theReceiver to the left and right while walking, following the PEAK indications.

As you trace the path, the PEAK meter reading may slowly fade as you move away from

the Transmitter. Press and release the GAIN buttons as needed to compensate forchanges in level (higher or lower). One of the following may occur:

a) junction where the signal splits and goes several directions.

b) a break in the cable or shield.

c) a change in the depth of the cable or pipe.

d) an insulated pipe fitting.

e) a slack loop of cable.

If you can no longer trace the path, even with the GAIN set to maximum, connect the

Transmitter to the far end of the path and trace back to the point where you lost thesignal.

Mark the straight sections of the path every few feet. Mark sharp curves, loops, and cablebundles every few inches. Sharp changes in the path cause the Receiver PEAK andNULL indications to behave differently than when tracing a straight path. Practice onthe path that you know has turns and laterals in it. This will help you to recognize theconditions within the field.

Null Mode Locating

Move the Receiver left to right across the cable path. When the Receiver is directlyabove the cable or pipe, a NULL (lowest meter reading and lowest audio tone) willoccur. When moving the Receiver to left or right of the NULL point, the meter readingwill rise to a maximum point (PEAK). The audio tone will also be at its highest pitch.When the Receiver is moved beyond the PEAK, the meter reading will begin to fade.

Trace the path by walking away from the Transmitter at a moderate pace. Move theReceiver to the left and right when walking, following the NULL indications.


33/42

OPERATION


23

As you trace the path, the PEAK meter reading may slowly fade as you move away fromthe Transmitter. Press and release the GAIN buttons as needed to compensate forchanges in signal level. If the PEAK meter readings suddenly changes in level (higher orlower), one of the following may have occurred:

a) a junction where the signal splits and goes several directions.b) a break in the cable or shield.

c) a change in the depth of the cable or pipe.

d) an insulated pipe fitting.

e) a slack loop of cable.

If you can no longer trace the path, even with the GAIN control set to maximum,connect the Transmitter to the far end of the path, and begin tracing the path back.

Mark the straight section of the path every few feet. Mark sharp curves, loops, and cable

bundles every few inches. Sharp changes in the path causes the Receiver PEAK andNULL indicators to behave differently than when tracing a straight path. Practice on thepath that you know has turns and laterals in it. This will help in recognizing theconditions within the field.

Absolute Signal Strength

The L107X Receiver provides the operator with a direct measurement of the Receiverssignal strength. The measurement is displayed with three numerical digits (ex: 485)located at the top of the LCD display. The measurement range is from 0 to 999indicating a very week signal (0) to a very strong signal (999). Absolute Signal Strength is

independent of the GAIN setting or meter reading. It gives the operator informationabout the actual amount of signal being radiated from the conductor and received by theReceiver.

Measuring Absolute Signal Strength at any time is done by reading the number at the topof the LCD display. The Absolute Signal Strength will not be displayed if the meterreading is too high or too low. Adjust the GAIN to move the meter reading to mid-scaleThe numerical display will change from --- to a valid measurement.

Absolute Signal Strength measurements are more sensitive to signal changes than themeter display. PEAKS and NULLS can be more precisely pin-pointed. Thismeasurement can also be used to monitor signal loss as the conductor is being traced.

Gain Change Indication

The GAIN up and down buttons are used to increase and decrease the gain in smallamounts. If the meter reading is very low, pressing the GAIN up button will centre themeter reading to mid-scale. Likewise, if the meter reading is very high, pressing theGAIN down button will centre the meter reading to mid-scale.


34/42

M


24

Passive 50/60 Hz Locating

The L107X Receiver is capable of locating power utility frequencies. This MODE isuseful for locating underground primary and secondary power utilities. In certaincircumstances, this MODE will also locate water pipes, sewer lines, cable television, and

telephone. The reason is that common electrical grounds are sometimes found amongthese various utilities. Select the 50/60~ (Hz) frequency on the Receiver. Select PEAKmode. Locate the conductor using the PEAK mode.

This method is useful because of its speed and convenience. Start at a known referencepoint and keep in mind that other conductors in the area may produce this same locatingsignal.

The Transmitter is not required to locate in this mode.

Passive Radio Frequency Locating

The L107X Receiver is capable of passively locating metallic utilities where radiofrequencies have coupled to the utility. This mode is useful for sweeping a green area forutilities. In certain circumstances, this mode will locate water pipes, cable television, gaslines and telephone. This locating option does not always detect buried utilities evenwhen radio frequencies are present. This method is useful because of its speed andconvenience. Start at a known reference point and keep in mind that other conductors inthe area may produce this same locating signal.

The Transmitter is not required to locate in this mode.

Push Button Depth

The only way to be sure of the depth of a utility is to exposes the utility. At anygiven time, the depth readout may be inaccurate.

The L107X Receiver can measure depth with the push of a button. The depth isdisplayed at the top of the LCD display in meters and centimeters. Push button depth isuseful in quickly determining the depth of the conductor during path locating.

Begin this measurement by locating the path of the cable or pipe. Move to the locationwhere you want to measure the depth. Stay at least 15 feet (4.6 meters) away from theTransmitter. Pin-point this location as accurately as possible (see Peak Mode Locating

page 19, Null Mode Locating page 20 and Absolute Signal Strength page 21). Place theReceiver vertically over the conductor and rest the foot of the locator on the ground.While holding the Receiver vertical, press and release the DEPTH button. The Receiverwill briefly indicate a measurement is being performed and then display the depth at thetop of the LCD display.

Caution must be exercised when using the push button depth feature, as tilted magneticfields and adjacent conductors can significantly influence this measurement. Theoperator should periodically check for adjacent conductors and tilted magnetic fields


35/42

OPERATION


25

when taking push button depth readings. For information on identifying tilted magneticfields, refer to Tilted Magnetic Field Identification and Depth Measurement 45 Method.

Note: The L107X is designed to alert the operator of potential current and depth

measurement errors. If the display reads Err during a current and depthmeasurement, the Receiver has detected a condition that could produce inaccuratereadings.

Errors can exist when the conductor signal flow is too small. Check Transmitter hook upand far end access point for poor connections. This cause of error can be identified by ahigh GAIN setting (80 or greater on the bar graph display).

The Receiver may also be detecting adjacent cables or is not directly over the targetconductor. Verifying target conductor path precisely before measuring current again.

If at any time the display reads CAL, contact your supplier.

Current Measu rement

The L107X Receiver contains a feature that is very useful in identifying a desired cable ina field of various conductors and/or utilities. It is not unusual for the target conductor(the conductor connected to the transmitter) to induce a signal into nearby conductors ina crowded field. In these instances, the radiated signal on the conductors close to thesurface of the earth, may be stronger than the Transmitter signal on the target conductorburied deep in the ground. The operator will find two or more paths and must determinewhich is the target conductor. By using the current measurement feature of the L107XReceiver, the operator can determine the amount of 815 Hz, 8 kHz, 33kHz or 82 kHzcurrent flowing on the conductors, regardless of the depth. The highest current flowindicates the target conductor.

1. Place the Receiver vertically over one of the conductor marks and rest the footof the locator on the ground.

2. Hold the Receiver vertical, press and release the Shift Button & Depth buttonsimultaneously. When the meter changes from a thermometer type display to abar type display, hold the Receiver stilluntil the measurement stabilizes. Theblinking bar indicates the signal level on the cable (adjusted for depth).

3. Next, move to the second cable and repeat the measurement. The blinking barwill show the signal level on the conductor. In addition, the previous reading isshown as a solid bar. The higher of these two readings will show whichconductor is carrying the greatest locating signal.


36/42

M


26

Depth Measurement 45 Angle Method

Move to the location you want to measure depth. Stay at least 15 feet away from theTransmitter. Move the Receiver left to right across the path until the cable is located.Mark the path on the ground as precisely as possible using the Null Method.

Place the Receiver on the ground with the LCD meter facing up. Position the unit sothat the BUBBLE LEVEL on top of the meter is centered (45). Pull the Receiver awayfrom the cable path (at 90 to the cable path) keeping the BUBBLE LEVEL centered.When the receiver indicates a NULL reading, mark the location of the receivers foot.The distance between the Receiver and the cable path is the depth of the pipe or cable.

A false depth reading may be caused by nearby buried metallic objects, such as a secondcable, pipe, sewer, fence or railroad track. Confirm the depth measurement by repeatingthe above steps on the opposite side of the pipe or cable.

A variance greater than 5 inches in depth measurement may indicate the presence ofadditional buried cables, pipes or other objects.

Tilted Magnetic Field Identification

When adjacent cables or pipes are present, they will sometimes create locating errors.Some of the Transmitter signal is picked up by the adjacent conductors and is redirectedso that it combines with the original signal. The result is a Tilted Magnetic Field. This isoften the reason that numeric depth readouts are sometimes created in error.

The operator can verify the accuracy of path locate by performing the 45 Angle Methodlocate on both sides of the cable path. If the right and left side depth readings agree towithin 5 inches, the path locate is accurate. If the two depth readings do not agree, thendig with care. A closer locate would be halfway between the two outside depth locatemarks.

This is an important technique that should be used to ensure the most accurate locationpossible.


37/42


27

6Fault Locating with the L1072/L1073

Int roduct ion

Fault locating determines the position of an insulated break on an undergroundconductor. In the case of an insulation fault, some of the signal will return to theTRANSMITTER attached to the GROUND ROD through a break in the insulation.

Figure 16: Signal Return through an Insulation Fault to Earth

Signal Return th rough an Insu lated Fault

It is generally a good idea to locate the conductor path before attempting to fault locate.If, during the path locate, an unusual amount of signal loss occurs, a part of the signalhas escaped to ground in the last several feet.

Note: Signal would go to ground at a grounded splice point, which would act as a faultduring the path and fault locate.

Once the path is determined and there is a general area where a fault is expected,additional current can be forced to flow through the fault by disconnecting and isolating

the far access point. If the current has no path to ground at the far access point, it will beforced to seek ground at the fault. This will increase the current in the soil at the faultand detection of the fault.


38/42

M


28

Sett ing th e Transm it ter to Fault Mode

After the path is determined and the far access point is disconnected and isolated, thetransmitter must be set to fault mode. This is accomplished by pressing the

FREQUENCYbutton toggling through the frequencies until all LED indicators light upand flash. The transmitter is now transmitting the fault locating signal.

Sett ing the Receiver to Fault Mode

To set the RECEIVER to fault mode, press the FREQUENCYbutton toggling throughthe frequencies until F F flashes at the top of the display above the bar-graph. Thetransmitter is now ready to be attached to the GROUND RETURN PROBE.

Ground Return Probe

To begin fault locating, open the GROUND RETURN PROBE (GRP) and attach theunit RECEIVER as shown below. Plug the GROUND RETURN PROBE CORD intothe GRP handle with the straight connection. The GROUND RETURN PROBE iscollapsible for easy transport and storage.G USE CAUTION WHEN OPENING AND CLOSING THE GRP

Collapsible Ground Return Probe


39/42

Fault Locating with the L1072/L1073


29

Ground Return Probe Insert ion

Circuitry between the ground spikes provides a path for current in the soil returning tothe GROUND ROD. The current enters one spike of the GROUND RETURN

PROBE and exits the other spike. The GRP should be inserted into the soil withconsistent force and depth.

Ground Return Probe Insertion

The current in the soil spreads out from the fault like the spokes of a wheel. The currentis highly concentrated in the soil near the fault as it begins its return, and near theGROUND ROD as it finishes its return. Notice that the current is widely dispersed inthe soil between the fault and the GROUND ROD.

Return Paths

Ground Return Probe Faul t Lo cat ing

When the GROUND RETURN PROBE is inserted into the soil the direction to thefault is indicated on the RECEIVERS display. Bars flashing at the top of the graphindicate the fault is away from the transmitter and access point. Bars flashing on thebottom of the graph indicate the fault is toward the transmitter and access point. Whenthe bars center on the graph the a-frame is over the fault.


40/42

M


30

NOTE: The bars may not always flash at the center of the graph. In this case the faultslocation is determined by the immediate change in fault direction when theGROUNDRETURNPROBE is move slightly in either direction.

As you walk the path using the GRP, drop the probe every three or four steps. Once thesignal indicator on the RECEIVER changes directions, you should move back takingsmaller steps, covering smaller segments of ground to avoid passing the fault. The faultlies in the center of the GROUND RETURN PROBE spikes. Finally change theorientation of the GRP 90 degrees and move the GRP both forward and backward, re-centering the graph. This will ensure an accurate location of the fault.

Ground Return Probe Fault Locating


41/42


31

7SERVICE

Maintenance

The portable locator is a rugged, durable instrument built to withstand the rigors of day-to-day field use. It requires no periodic adjustments or calibration. It is however anelectronic instrument and should be treated as such.

When not in use, keep the portable locator in its carrying case and store in a safe, dryplace, away from extremes in weather conditions.

Should the unit become dirty, wipe it down with a damp cloth. Do not use cleaningcompounds on the transmitter or receiver.

Periodically inspect the test cord to ensure that it is in good condition.

Repair

If your portable locator is not working properly, please call Megger, your supplier oryour local Authorized Service Center, for return authorization and shipping instructions.


42/42

M

M

Date post:	14-Apr-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	jaime-osorio-p
View:	233 times
Download:	0 times

manual megger DBL_ME_ME-L1072_ME-L1073_MANUAL_ENGLISCH.pdf

Documents