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  • 7/27/2019 MC Propylene Pros

    1/21Chem Systems

    Prospectus

    Technology

    Developments in

    Propylene and

    Propylene Derivatives

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    Prospectus

    Technology Developments in Propyleneand Propylene Derivatives

    May 2003

    44 South Broadway, White Plains, New York 10601, USATel: +1 914 609 0300 Fax: +1 914 609 0399

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    Technology Developments in Propylene and Propylene Derivatives

    Q203_76000.302.001_

    i

    Propylene Prospectus 2003

    Contents

    Section Page

    1 Introduction................................................................................................................. 1

    2 Scope of Work............................................................................................................. 6

    3 Approach ..................................................................................................................... 14

    4 Contact Information ................................................................................................... 15

    5 Authorization Form .................................................................................................... 16

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    Technology Developments in Propylene and Propylene Derivatives

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    Propylene Prospectus 2003

    Section 1 Introduction

    Chem Systems has a thirty-five year history as an independent, industry-expert consulting firm

    providing technical, commercial and valuation consulting for the petroleum, refining andchemical industries. In 1998, Chem Systems was acquired by IBM, and subsequently in 2001,Chem Systems was acquired by Nexant, Inc. Nexant maintains Chem Systems intellectualcapital and consultant continuity, and preserves Chem Systems business activity and brandname within Nexants Petroleum and Chemicals Division (Nexant, or We), in which wecontinue to perform the types of work that we have throughout Chem Systems history.

    Propylene is one of the key building block petrochemicals used as feedstock for a variety ofpolymers and intermediates. Major propylene derivatives include polypropylene, acrylonitrile,propylene oxide, cumene/phenol, oxo alcohols, acrylic acid, isopropyl alcohol, oligomers andother miscellaneous intermediates used, in turn, in a wide range of end-use applications

    including automotive, construction, consumer durables and non-durables, packaging andelectronics. As shown in Figure 1.1, global propylene demand grew from 16.4 million tons in1980 to around 30 million tons in 1990, corresponding to an average annual growth of 6.2percent. In the decade ending in 2000, demand grew at an average rate of 5.7 percent per year,reaching 52 million tons.

    Figure 1.1Propylene Demand

    0

    10

    20

    30

    40

    50

    60

    70

    80

    90

    1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008

    MillionTons

    Q203_76000.302.001_Charts.xls[F1]

    AAG 6.2% AAG 5.7%

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    Section 1 Introduction

    Technology Developments in Propylene and Propylene Derivatives

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    Propylene Prospectus 2003

    Demand for propylene will grow at an estimated 5.1 percent annually for the period 2001-2010,

    to 82 million by 2010. This increase will be driven by the demand for derivatives, especially

    polypropylene, the demand for which is growing at the rate of 7.3 percent for the same time

    period.

    Figure 1.2Global Propylene Consumption Trends

    0

    20,000

    40,000

    60,000

    80,000

    100,000

    2001 2003 2005 2008 2010

    Th

    ousand

    Tons

    ROW Middle East Asia Pacific Western Europe Americas

    Q203_76000.302.001_Charts.xls[F2]

    Propylene demand is expected to grow faster than supply. Propylene supply/demand conditions

    and pricing are strongly dependent on refinery production and the supply/demand balance,

    operating rates and feedstock slates in the ethylene industry. Globally, more than 25 percent of

    the new crackers currently planned for start up in the 2003-2006 timeframe are based on ethane,

    and therefore will produce little propylene. Propylene is produced commercially on purpose by

    dehydrogenation of propane, but this is an expensive route that generally requires favorable

    feedstock pricing to be competitive. The amount of propylene produced by propane

    dehydrogenation is small compared to other sources.

    Propylene is used in a number of major derivatives, as shown in Figure 1.3, with polypropyleneby far the largest end-user.

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    Section 1 Introduction

    Technology Developments in Propylene and Propylene Derivatives

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    Propylene Prospectus 2003

    Figure 1.3Global Propylene Demand by Derivative

    Polypropylene

    40%

    Acrylonitrile

    17%

    PO

    8%

    Cumene

    9%

    Oxo-alcohol

    11%

    IPA

    5%

    Other

    10%

    Q203_76000.302.001_Charts.xls[F3]

    Based on demand growth trends for the key propylene derivatives and limited supplies, the

    potentially higher prices of propylene that might result could restrict growth and impact on cross

    elasticity of demand in applications in which substitution is possible, e.g., polypropylene versus

    polyethylene, polystyrene and ABS.

    Expanded or converted sources of propylene will have to be found, whether as an on-purpose

    supply or from redirection of existing capacity. Depending on the demand and alternative value

    for ethylene versus propylene, it may be economically advantageous to either produce more

    propylene at the expense of ethylene or produce propylene by alternative means.

    The primary sources of propylene have been as a by-product of ethylene production in steam

    crackers and from refinery FCC streams. An alternative commercialized technology is propane

    dehydrogenation, which is only economical under certain conditions in certain areas of the

    world. As propylene demand continues to outpace ethylene demand, there is increasing interest

    and need in finding or developing alternative sources of propylene without adversely affecting

    ethylene availability. Conversion to higher activity FCC catalysts, a proven approach to increase

    propylene production, is not always the best solution due to competing economic and technical

    drivers to produce motor gasoline, FCCs primary product. New technologies, using an

    expanding range of feedstocks, may change conventional propylene supply dynamics and

    economics, as well as the competitive regional supply balance.

    Propylene demand will also be affected by new technology developments in propylene

    derivatives, as well. Although polypropylene will remain the principal propylene derivative and

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    Section 1 Introduction

    Technology Developments in Propylene and Propylene Derivatives

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    Propylene Prospectus 2003

    the driver of propylene demand, the following derivative technology developments may alsoinfluence propylene demand: potential for acrylonitrile production from propane; the non-coproduct route to propylene oxide; catalytic distillation for cumene/phenol production; theproduction and product characteristics of non-phosgene based polycarbonate and the effect on itsprincipal raw material, bisphenol-A; and advances in oxo alcohol production technology.

    Nexant Chem Systemss new report, Technology Developments in Propylene and PropyleneDerivatives, will examine and compare the process technologies and economics of thecommercially available and developing technologies for the production of propylene alone or asa coproduct. The report will focus on the economics of alternate routes to propylene, how theycompare to conventional routes, and how competitive they are. These routes will include theconventional processes and feedstocks practiced today:

    Conventional steam cracking

    Production and recovery from refinery streams Propane dehydrogenation

    These conventional propylene technologies will be compared to the new and developingtechnologies for propylene production. Nexant will examine and analyze newer developments inalternate technology and feedstock sources, and those technologies that are designed to eitherproduce propylene exclusively or increase propylene yields from conventional sources:

    Olefin Metathesis

    Catalytic Pyrolysis

    Natural Gas based processes Methanol to Olefins (MTO)

    Methanol to Propylene (MTP)

    Olefin Interconversion

    In addition to propylene production technology, Nexant will analyze technology developmentsand cost of production implications in the major propylene derivatives:

    Direct conversion of propylene to propylene oxide

    Non-phosgene routes to polycarbonate

    Propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile

    Catalytic distillation to cumene/phenol

    Developments in acrylic acid technology

    Developments in oxo alcohol technology

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    Section 1 Introduction

    Technology Developments in Propylene and Propylene Derivatives

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    Propylene Prospectus 2003

    For both the propylene and derivative technologies, Nexant will compare the estimated costs ofproduction to those of conventional technology. Economics will be developed for worldscalecapacities in the major production regions, the U.S., Western Europe, Southeast Asia, and theMiddle East.

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    Propylene Prospectus 2003

    Section 2 Scope of Work

    Nexant Chem Systems overall objective for the Technology Developments in Propylene and

    Propylene Derivatives study is to assess and evaluate the important technology issues that willaffect the future availability and supply of propylene and its derivatives. The study will providean in-depth quantitative and qualitative analysis of the various new and developing technologiesfor the production of propylene and propylene product derivatives, from both conventional andnon-conventional feedstocks. An important part of this assessment and evaluation will be adiscussion of the commercial issues including projected impact of these technologies on regionalpropylene demand, supply, and trade.

    The report will analyze the major commercial and developing propylene technologies, including:

    Conventional Propylene Technology

    Steam CrackingPropylene is the primary ethylene coproduct from a steam cracker. Two variablesaffect the distribution of coproducts: choice of feedstock and severity ofoperation. Under a market-limited ethylene production scenario, operators couldchoose the feedstock that minimizes the production of ethylene by resorting tomore naphthenic naphtha and gas oil feedstocks.

    Recovery from Refinery Streams

    Propylene is produced as a dilute stream in propane from the three main refineryprocesses, fluid catalytic cracking (FCC), visbreaking/thermal cracking, andcoking. The propane/propylene proportions vary considerably depending on the

    process, feedstock, operating conditions and catalyst.

    Refineries in developing regions such as East Asia and Latin America havevarying degrees of complexity but on average produce much less FCC propylene.Economic development in these regions and trends towards use of gasoline fuelsin the automotive industry will justify refinery expansions and greater refineryconversion, producing offgas propylene. Additionally, in both developing anddeveloped regions, including North America, there are a number of refineries thatdo not currently recover propylene from FCC offgas. In this case, higherpropylene prices might support investment in new propylene concentrationfacilities. The increase in FCC-sourced propylene is viewed as a major likely

    source of increased propylene demand.

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    Section 2 Scope of Work

    Technology Developments in Propylene and Propylene Derivatives

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    Propylene Prospectus 2003

    Commercial On-Purpose Propylene Technology

    Propane Dehydrogenation

    OLEFLEX

    CATOFIN Phillips STAR (technology now Krupp Uhde) Linde Yarsintez/Snamprogetti

    Propane dehydrogenation technology is readily available from a number oflicensors and is used commercially, especially where propylene is in short supply,e.g., in the Middle East and East Asia. The economics for this route are highlydependent on feedstock availability and cost. Nexant will estimate and comparethe cost of production economics for the various licensors and in the variousregions where feedstock availability makes this technology a viable alternative.Nexant will also analyze and comment on the major challenges and limitations ofthe technology and prospects for improvements.

    Olefin Metathesis

    META-4 (Axens IFP Group Technologies) OCT (Phillips, ABB Lummus)

    Metathesis involves the conversion of ethylene to propylene and, as such, themajor commercial issue is the use of ethylene as the feedstock. Olefins metathesiscan be added to steam crackers in order to boost propylene production via thecracking exchange reaction of ethylene and by-product mixed butylenes. This isavailable from various licensors, is being operated at the Lyondell plant in

    Channelview, TX, has been selected by Mitsui Chemicals to increase propylenecapacity at its unit in Osaka, Japan, and is being considered for selected newcrackers, e.g., the new BASF/Total Fina Elf cracker in Port Arthur, TX.

    Deep Catalytic Cracking (DCC)

    Stone and Webster UOP

    DCC utilizes fluid catalytic cracking principles combined with a proprietarycatalyst, different operating conditions, and other enhancements to achieve itsobjective of producing light olefins from vacuum gas oil.

    Developing Propylene Technology

    Catalytic Pyrolysis

    Asahi Vniios

    The current method of producing olefins via steam cracking has severaldrawbacks such as the high temperature required for the cracking reactions, the

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    Section 2 Scope of Work

    Technology Developments in Propylene and Propylene Derivatives

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    Propylene Prospectus 2003

    deposition of coke in the tubes (and the subsequent decoking process), and therelatively low selectivities. Catalytic pyrolysis has been researched extensivelyfor the past 20 years in an attempt to improve steam cracking.

    Natural Gas Based Processes

    Methanol to Olefins (MTO)

    UOP Hydro MTO Process

    ExxonMobil Methanol to Propylene (MTP)

    Lurgi MTP

    MTO and MTP plants are in the planning stages in China and Nigeria. Withrelatively high capital costs, the economics of the plants will depend and relyupon low cost natural gas, such as might be available from remote, stranded gasreserves. However, these processes might be most attractive as an approach to

    add value to stranded gas reserves as part of an overall complex.

    Olefin Interconversion

    MOI (ExxonMobil) SUPERFLEX (Lyondell/Kellogg) Propylur (Lurgi) Linde FBCC

    Olefin Interconversion is based on the catalytic cracking of C4s and C5s in a fixedor fluidized bed reactor. The process is compatible with crackers and FCCs and,unlike metathesis, does not consume ethylene.

    The report will include a critical assessment of the main alternative on-purpose technologies,comprising a review of the technologies and licensors, commercial experience, and analysis ofthe competitive costs of production versus propylene at market price and from conventionalproduction.

    There have been important developments in the technologies for the production of the keypropylene derivatives. These developments will have an impact on the production cost andcompetitiveness of the products and on the overall demand for propylene. Propylene derivativetechnology evaluations will include:

    Propylene Oxide

    POSM

    POTBA

    Chlorohydrin

    Sumitomo Coproduct Free Cumene Process

    Dow/BASF Hydrogen Peroxide Process

    Direct Oxidation

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    Section 2 Scope of Work

    Technology Developments in Propylene and Propylene Derivatives

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    Propylene Prospectus 2003

    The chlorohydrin process, using chlorine as a raw material, involvesenvironmental concerns regarding waste diposal and potential permitting for newplants and expansions. In addition, plants not integrated with chlor-alkaliproduction are at the economic disadvantage of having to treat and dispose of thebrine waste. The economic success of the two co-product processes, producingstyrene or tertiary butyl alcohol, is highly dependent upon the value attributed tothe large volume of co-product. These disadvantages have spurred thedevelopment of alternate, direct processes that do not produce large volumes ofco-products and can be competitive with the conventional technology on a cost

    basis. The new processes detailed here hold early promise of success and will, ifadvanced, change the dynamics of PO production.

    Acrylonitrile

    Propylene ammoxidation

    Sensitivity for catalyst advances

    Propane ammoxidation

    Acrylonitrile is produced commercially by the ammoxidation of propylene. To date,efforts to commercialize a competitive route via propane have been unsuccessful, thoughnew developments offer the promise that the process may soon be competitive, thoughlargely dependent upon the relative pricing and availability of propane and propylene.The commercialization of propane ammoxidation would have an immediate impact onpropylene demand.

    Cumene/Phenol

    Propylene and benzene alkylation

    Catalytic distillation

    Phenol from toluene via benzoic acid

    Solutia nitrous oxide process

    Direct benzene oxidation to phenol

    Cumene/phenol production via the alkylation of benzene with propylene is a maturetechnology. Zeolite catalysts offer an alternate to the conventional phosphoric acid andaluminum chloride alkylation catalysts and eliminate the corrosion and waste disposal

    considerations of those catalysts. Phenol from toluene/benzoic acid is a commercialprocess that is practiced on a limited basis. The more promising developing technology isthe direct oxidation of phenol with no co-product production.

    BPA/Polycarbonate

    Phosgene-based

    Non-phosgene based

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    Section 2 Scope of Work

    Technology Developments in Propylene and Propylene Derivatives

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    Propylene Prospectus 2003

    Recent developments in bisphenol A (BPA) technology have not been significant and arenot expected to have a major effect on propylene demand. Advances in polycarbonatetechnology, however, have been significant and may have a large impact on polycarbonateand BPA consumption. The non-phosgene route to polycarbonate offers a competitiveprocess without the environmental considerations of the conventional phosgene-basedroute, though the ability of the technology to produce equivalent resin properties remainsa question.

    Acrylic acid

    Propylene oxidation

    Reppe

    Latest developments

    Refinement of the conventional propylene oxidation process continues to be largely

    centered on incremental catalyst improvements and its effect on propylene consumption.

    Oxo Alcohols

    Conventional hydroformylation

    Advanced high selectivity catalyst

    Speculative butadiene based process

    Oxo alcohols are conventionally produced via the addition of carbon monoxide andhydrogen simultaneously to a double bond to form an aldehyde. This process is calledhydroformylation. The aldehyde is then reduced to an alcohol. Advances in catalystsystems benefit both economics and product selectivity. The speculative butadiene basedprocess may prove to be a viable alternate route to oxo alcohols, lowering the dependence

    on propylene as feedstock.

    Economics will be developed for each of the developing propylene and propylene derivativetechnologies, based on information provided by the various technology holders, supplementedby publicly available information and Nexants own engineering experience and expertise.These costs of production will be compared to conventional technology and product Leader andLaggard producer costs. The Leader is designated as the typical low cost producer in any region,that plant expected to be in the top quartile of low cost producers. The Laggard is designated asa less competitive plant among the bottom quartile of all regional producers.

    Nexant Chem Systems will also evaluate the potential for operating and capital costimprovement possibly attainable from the developmental work in progress, such as thosedisclosed in patents. We will estimate the effect of the potential improvements, such as catalystselectivity, catalyst life, raw material yields, reactor productivity, etc., on production costs andhow the improvements may impact upon the competitiveness of the technologies against

    conventional processes, feedstocks and products.

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    Section 2 Scope of Work

    Technology Developments in Propylene and Propylene Derivatives

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    Propylene Prospectus 2003

    The study will include detailed technology, economic, and commercial evaluations:

    Technology Evaluation A detailed review and status of the various process routes including:patent review and analysis, technology holders and offerers, licensor package analysis and cost

    of production development for what would be considered representative of each technology,identification of the stage of process package commercial development with a listing of actualand announced projects.

    Economic Evaluation Cost of production estimates for typical estimated 2003 and 2010conditions will be developed for each of the developing technologies for comparison toconventional technology and to other developing technologies for propylene and for thederivatives. Costs will be developed for the major producing regions, such as the U.S., WesternEurope, Japan, Middle East, Southeast Asia, and China, as well as for other locations moresuited to the technology and/or feedstock, where applicable, such as for MTO and MTP (i.e.,stranded gas location). The economic comparisons will be used to help develop regional

    production and competitive dynamics, which will ultimately affect the regional propylenedemand, especially in the case of alternate feedstocks. In cases where economics are performedat other than the major producing regions, shipping costs to these regions will be added in orderto complete the competitive analysis with other technologies. A typical cost of productionworksheet is attached as Table 2.1.

    Sensitivities will be performed for feedstock cost, plant scale, and other important variables, andestimates will be made as to potential improvements and their implications. Nexant will estimatethe production costs and potential improvements to these costs in order to speculate on thepotential for the developing technologies to displace their conventional counterparts. Nexantwill consider sensitivities or improvements to the key variables that affect cost of production,

    including, but not limited to:

    Plant capacity (technology limitations to one-line size and effect on capital cost)

    Plant capital cost (improvements in technology and/or engineering)

    Conversion cost (improvements in selectivities, yields, catalyst and chemical costs, utilityconsumption, etc.)

    Feedstock costs

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    Section 2 Scope of Work

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    Propylene Prospectus 2003

    Table 2.1COP Estimate for Propylene

    Process: Metathesis

    CAPITAL COST MILLION U.S. $

    Plant start-up 2000 ISBL 49.1

    Analysis date 1Q2000 OSBL 20.8

    Location USGC Total Plant Capital 69.9

    Capacity 881.8 Million Pounds/yr Other Project Costs 17.5

    400.0 Thousand metric tons/yr Total Capital Investment 87.4

    Operating rate 100 percent Working capital 24.2

    Throughput 881.8 Million Pounds/yr

    UNITS PRICE ANNUAL

    PER Lb U.S. $ U.S. $ COST MM U.S. $

    PRODUCTION COST SUMMARY Product /Unit PER Lb U.S. $ Per MT

    RAW MATERIALS Ethylene (market price), Lb 0.3629 0.2800 0.102 89.59

    Raffinate-2, Gal 0.1451 0.6703 0.097 85.79

    Catalyst & Chemicals 0.0020 0.002 1.80

    TOTAL RAW MATERIALS 0.201 177.19 443.0

    BY-PRODUCT CREDITS Fuel, MM BTU 0.0014 2.8400 (0.004) (3.506)

    TOTAL BY-PRODUCT CREDITS (0.004) (3.506) (8.8)

    NET RAW MATERIALS 0.197 173.68 434.2

    UTILITIES Power, kWh 0.0422 0.0384 0.002 1.43

    Natural Gas, MM Btu 0.0004 2.8400 0.001 0.99

    Cooling Water, M Gal 0.0058 0.0787 0.000 0.40

    Steam, LP, M Lb 0.0008 5.0454 0.004 3.70

    Inert Gas, M SCF 0.0025 1.3502 0.003 3.02

    TOTAL UTILITIES 0.011 9.55 23.9

    NET RAW MATERIALS & UTILITIES 0.208 183.23 458.1

    VARIABLE COST 0.208 183.23 458.1

    DIRECT FIXED COSTS Labor, 11 Men 38.10 Thousand U.S. $ 0.000 0.42

    Foremen, 5 Men 43.20 Thousand U.S. $ 0.000 0.22

    Super., 1 Men 52.20 Thousand U.S. $ 0.000 0.05Maint., Material & Labor 3.00 % of ISBL 0.002 1.47

    Direct Overhead 45 % Labor & Supervision 0.000 0.31

    TOTAL DIRECT FIXED COSTS 0.003 2.47 6.2

    ALLOCATED FIXED COSTS General Plant Overhead 60 % Direct Fixed Costs 0.002 1.48

    Insurance, Property Tax 1.0 % Total Plant Capital 0.001 0.70

    Environmental 0.5 % Total Plant Capital 0.000 0.35

    TOTAL ALLOCATED FIXED COSTS 0.003 2.53 6.3

    TOTAL CASH COST 0.213 188.23 470.6

    Depreciation @ 10 % for ISBL & OPC 5 % for OSBL 0.009 7.70 19.2

    COST OF PRODUCTION 0.222 195.93 489.8

    RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED, ROCE (Incl. WC) @ 10 Percent 0.013 11.16 27.9

    COST OF PRODUCTION + RETURN 0.235 207.09 517.7

    Q203_76000.302.001_Tables.xls[T1]

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    Section 2 Scope of Work

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    Propylene Prospectus 2003

    These potential improvements will be based on Nexants review of applicable patents andtechnology, our in-house engineering judgment, and forecast of raw material prices. The resultswill be quantified in graphical and tabular form to show the breakeven points where thedeveloping technology approaches the return on investment and cost competitiveness of theconventional technology, and the possibility of displacing new capacity on a regional basis. Anexample of a comparison of production costs for a range of developing process capital costs isshown in Figure 2.1. In this example, Nexant, using its engineering expertise and knowledge ofthe developing process improvement capability, estimated the likely range of capital investment.

    Figure 2.1Effects of Capital Investment on Cost of Production

    0.000

    0.100

    0.200

    0.300

    0.400

    0.500

    0.600

    400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600

    Total Capital Investment, Million US$

    CostofProduction,

    US$/Ga

    l

    Cash Cost Cost of Production + 10% ROI

    Conventional Process, Base Case, Full Cost + 10% ROI

    Conventional Process, Base Case, Cash Cost

    Commercial Evaluation Nexant Chem Systems will develop a forecast of propylene demand,production and trade, globally and by region to 2010. The overall distribution of demand by keyderivative by major region will also be provided. In these forecasts, the projected impact of thetechnology developments will be incorporated into the balances. We will discuss these byregion and by derivative.

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    Section 3 Approach

    The evaluations of conventional technology will be based on Nexant Chem Systems in-house

    and published information regarding process technology, augmented by contacts with licensors,engineering contractors and other experts in the industry. Propylene and propylene derivativetechnology evaluations will be built up from a review of patents, public domain information,and discussions with the technology developing companies and engineering contractors.

    Nexant Chem Systems will use proprietary and commercial state-of-the-art software tools todevelop the technology and economic estimates. These are well established; state-of-the-artengineering tools in the process chemical industry and they are used by major engineeringcontractors. To the degree allowed under copyright and licensed user restrictions, the detailedsoftware generated output will be included in the report.

    Nexant Chem Systems has extensive knowledge, experience and technology databases

    maintained under the Process Evaluation/Research Planning (PERP) program. The major

    propylene derivative, polypropylene, is one of the key products covered under the PolyOlefins

    Planning Service (POPS) multiclient subscription program, which covers market outlooks andkey commercial and technology developments in the global polyolefins industry. Thesetechnology databases are used extensively in both multiclient reports and single clientengagements for new technology evaluation, cost benchmarking, price forecasting and techno-economic evaluation. Nexant Chem Systems has done extensive work in evaluating alternative

    on-purpose propylene technologies and the latest developments in steam cracking in its PERPprogram, which will be the basis for the technology assessments to be covered in this study.

    In addition to using existing knowledge and database information, Nexant Chem Systems willsupplement its technology database with selected contacts with licensors and other technologyholders as needed in completing work for the study.

    This project will be managed and most of the work will be carried out at Nexant Chem SystemsWhite Plains, NY office. Information and data for other regions will be gathered as needed byconsulting staff in Nexant Chem Systems regional and representative offices in Bangkok,Beijing, Buenos Aires, Houston, London, Singapore, Seoul and Tokyo.

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    Section 4 Contact Information

    Please visit www.chemsystems.com orwww.nexant.com to authorize engagement of the study

    or return the following authorization form to one of Nexant Chem Systems offices.

    Mr. Edward S Glatzer Mr. John W. KingNexant, Inc./Chem Systems Nexant Chem Systems - East Asia

    44 S. Broadway, 5th Fl. 15th Floor, Lake Rajada Office Complex

    White Plains, NY 10601 193/59 Rachadapisek Road

    USA Klongtoey, Bangkok 10110

    Tel: 1-914-609-0325 Thailand

    Fax: 1-914-609-0399 Tel: 66-2-661-8510-3

    e-mail: [email protected] Fax: 66-2-264-0420

    e-mail: jwking@nexant .com

    Mr. Iwao Ohtsuki Dr. Andrew Spiers

    Nexant Chem Systems - Japan Nexant Limited/Chem Systems

    Hibiya Central Building 13th Floor Griffin House

    1-2-9 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku 1st Floor

    Tokyo 150-0003 161 Hammersmith Road

    Japan London, W6 8BS

    Tel: 81-3-5532-7454 United Kingdom

    Fax: 81-3-3-5532-7373 Tel: 44-20-7950-1600

    e-mail: [email protected] Fax: 44-20-7950-1550

    e-mail: [email protected]

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    Section 5 Authorization Form

    1. The undersigned (hereafter "Client") hereby

    subscribes to purchase from Nexant, Inc./Chem Systems(Nexant), Nexants study, Technology Developments

    in Propylene and Propylene Derivatives, in accordance

    with the following terms and conditions.

    Nexant will provide to Client the following information

    and services:

    (a) Three (3) bound copies of the report

    (b) Access to electronic downloads of the report

    via a password-protected area from

    www.chemsystems.com orwww.nexant.com

    2. While the information supplied by Nexant to Client

    will represent an original effort by Nexant, based on its

    own research, it is understood that portions of the reportwill involve the collection of information available from

    third parties, both published and unpublished. Nexant

    does not believe that such information will contain any

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    cannot provide any assurance that any third party may,

    from time to time, claim a confidential obligation to

    such information.

    3. The information disclosed in this report will be

    retained by Client for the sole and confidential use of

    Client and its 51 percent or greater owned affiliates in

    their own research and commercial activities, including

    loaning the reports on a confidential basis to third

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    others. Neither Nexant, nor any person acting on behalf

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    7. If authorization order is received prior to June 30,

    2003, Client will be billed by and shall pay to Nexant a

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    after June 30, 2003, Client will be billed by and shall

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    8. Additional copies of the report are available at

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    9. The obligations of paragraphs 3 and 4 shall terminate

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    Section 5 Authorization Form

    Technology Developments in Propylene and Propylene Derivatives

    Q203_76000.302.001

    17

    Propylene Prospectus 2003

    AUTHORIZATION FORM

    AGREED TO AND ACCEPTED ON THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OVERLEAF BY:

    CLIENT: NEXANT, INC.

    Name Name

    Signature ___________________________ Signature ___________________________

    Title Title ___________________________

    Date Date __________________________

    Reports to be sent to:

    _____________________________________________________________________

    _____________________________________________________________________

    _____________________________________________________________________

    _____________________________________________________________________

    Phone: Fax: _______________________

    E-mail address: _______________________________________________________

    Number of Copies Desired: ____________ Total Cost: ____________________

    If purchase order is required, please provide the purchase order number below:

    Purchase Order Number: _____________________________

    NEXANT, INC.

    44 SOUTH BROADWAY, 5th FloorWHITE PLAINS, NY 10601-4425, U.S.A.

    Fax: 1-914-609-0399

    Web: www.nexant.com

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    Nexant Inc

    44 South BroadwayWhite Plains

    New York

    10601-4425

    USA

    Telephone: +1 914 609 0300

    Facsimile: +1 914 609 0399

    Nexant Inc

    Head Office

    101 Second Street,

    11th Floor

    San Francisco

    CA 94105

    USATelephone: +1 415 369 1000

    Facsimile: +1 415 369 9700

    Nexant Ltd

    Griffin House

    1st Floor South

    161 Hammersmith Road

    London W6 8BS

    Telephone: +44 20 7950 1600

    Facsimile: +44 20 7950 1550

    Nexant Inc

    1200 Smith Street

    Suite 1600Houston, Texas 77002

    USA

    Tel: +1 713 353 3942

    Fax: +1 713 353 8740

    Nexant (Thailand) Ltd

    15th Floor, Lake Rajada Office

    Complex

    193/59 Rachadapisek Road

    Klongtoey, Bangkok 10110

    Thailand

    Tel: +662 661 8510

    Fax: +662 264 0420

    www.nexant.com

    e-mail:[email protected]


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