Nur Hanisah Zainoren

S/N: 55

Objective

Introduction

Classification

Meningitis is a disease causedby the inflammation ofmeninges; the protectivemembranes covering thebrain and spinal cord.

Introduction

Meningitis is generally caused by microorganisms such as bacteria or viruses that spread into the CSF through the blood

Viruses are the commonest cause to meningitis

The bacterial meningitis is much more severe.

Meningitis can also be caused by non-infectious causes such as drugs

Types of Meningitis

Bacterialmeningitis

Viralmeningitis

Fungalmeningitis

Parasitemeningitis

Non- infectious meningitis

Caused by bacteria, like Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Caused by viruses, like enteroviruses, arboviruses and herpes simplex viruses. Parasites, like

Angiostrongylus cantonensis can contaminate food, water and soil.

Caused by fungi likeCryptococcus andHistoplasma.

Can be caused by cancers, systemic lupus erythematosus , certain drugs, head injury, and brain surgery.

Age Group Causes

Newborns Group B Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes

Infants and Children

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae type b

Adolescents and Young Adults

Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae

Older Adults Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, Listeria monocytogenes

Common causes of bacterial meningitis vary by age group:

Bacterialmeningitis

Conclusion

• Meningitis is the inflammation of meninges, the protective layer of the brain and spinal cord.

• Types of meningitis include bacterial meningitis, viral meningitis, fungal meningitis, parasitic meningitis and non-infectious meningitis.

References

• http://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/index.html